Muganhu pakati pe optical medium uye coaxial tambo ndiyo inogamuchira yemaziso. Muchikamu chino tichatarisa maitiro avo uye zvigadziro.

Zviri mukati mechikamu chechinyorwa

• Chikamu 1: General dhizaini yeCATV network
• Chikamu 2: Kuumbwa uye waveform
• Chikamu 3: Analog chikamu chechiratidzo
• Chikamu 4: Digital chikamu chechiratidzo
• Chikamu 5: Coaxial Distribution Network
• Chikamu 6: RF Amplifiers
• Chikamu 7: Optical Receivers
• Chikamu 8: Optical backbone network
• Chikamu 9: Musoro
• Chikamu 10: Troubleshooting pamusoro tambo TV network

Basa rekugamuchira optical ndere kuendesa chiratidzo kubva kune optical medium kuenda kune yemagetsi. Muchimiro chayo chakareruka, izvi zvinogona kuitwa uchishandisa passive mudziyo, inokwezva nekureruka kwayo:

Nekudaro, ichi chishamiso cheinjiniya chinopa mediocre masaini ma paramita: ine optical chiratidzo chiyero che -1 - -2 dBm, iyo inobuda paramita haina kukwana muGOST, uye kuwedzeredza chiratidzo kunotungamira kuwedzera kukuru kweruzha.

Kuti uve nechokwadi chemhando yechiratidzo chakaunzwa neFTTB architecture, zvinodikanwa kushandisa zvakanyanya kuomarara michina:

Vanogamuchira vanowanikwa mune yedu network: Vector Lambda, Telmor MOB uye yepamba Planar.

Vese vanosiyana kubva kumunun'una wavo anofamba mumatunhu akaomarara, ayo anosanganisira mafirita uye amplifiers, saka iwe unogona kuva nechivimbo nezvechiratidzo chinosvika kune anonyoresa. Ngatitarisei pazviri:

Iyo Telmor optical receiver ine pani mukati inoratidzira block diagram. Ichi chirongwa chakajairwa neOP.

Iyo inodiwa yechiratidzo chechiratidzo chechiratidzo chinowanzo kubva -10 kusvika +3 dBm; panguva yekugadzira uye yekumisikidza, iyo yakakwana kukosha ndeye -1 dBm: iyi inzvimbo yakadzikama kana yekutapurirana tambo kushatiswa uye, panguva imwe chete, iyo yakaderera nhanho inogadzira. ruzha rushoma panguva yekupfuura kwemaseketi emidziyo.

Iyo AGC yedunhu (AGC) yakavakirwa muOptical receiver inongoita izvozvo nekugadzirisa nhanho yechiratidzo chekuisa, inochengeta iyo inobuda mukati meiyo yakatarwa paramita. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kana nekuda kwechimwe chikonzero chiratidzo chemaziso chakangoerekana chachinja zvakanyanya, asi chichiramba chiri muchikamu chekushanda cheAGC (inenge kubva pa0 kusvika -7 dBm), ipapo mugamuchiri anogara achitumira chiratidzo kune coaxial network ine nhanho yaive. set panguva yekugadzirisa. Panyaya dzakanyanya kukosha, pane zvishandiso zvine maviri optical inputs, imwe neimwe inotariswa uye inogona kuvhurwa ingave nemaoko kana otomatiki.

Ese anoshanda maOP ane nhanho yekusimudzira, iyo inopawo kugona kudzora kutsetseka uye nhanho yechiratidzo chekubuda.

Optical Receiver Control

Kuti ugadzirise zviratidzo zvechiratidzo, pamwe nekushandura uye kutonga mabasa akavakirwa-mukati, zvidzoreso zviri nyore zvinowanzovapo mukati mevanogamuchira ivo pachavo. Iyo MOB inoratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pamusoro ine yakaparadzana bhodhi, iyo inosarudzika kuiswa mune iyo kesi. Uyewo, seimwe nzira, inokurudzirwa kushandisa bhodhi rinokurumidza kusunungurwa, iro rinoiswa chete panguva yekuseta mumachiteshi pabhodhi guru. Mukuita izvi hazvisi nyore, hongu.

Iyo control panel inobvumidza iwe kuseta kukosha kweiyo yekuisa attenuator (inowedzera iyo inobuda chiratidzo inodzikira zvinoenderana nekuwana), vhura kana kudzima (pamwe nekuseta yakatarwa kukosha) AGC, isa tilt paramita uye gadzirisa iyo ethernet interface. .

Iyo Chelyabinsk OP Planar ine chiratidzo chakajeka cheiyo optical chiratidzo chiyero, uye marongero anoitwa nenzira iri nyore: nekumonyorora uye kushandura inoisa inoshandura maitiro eiyo amplifier nhanho. Chivharo chine hinged chinogara magetsi.

Uye Vector Lambda OP, yakagadzirwa mu "technoporn" dhizaini, ine madhijiti maviri-madhijini uye matatu chete mabhatani.

Kusiyanisa hunhu hwakanaka kubva kune husina kunaka, iyi OP inoratidza hutsika husina kunaka muzvikamu zvese, uye inoratidza yakanaka zero uye +1 muhafu yehurefu hwechidzitiro. Nezve zvakakosha zvakakura kupfuura +1,9 inongonyora "HI".

Kudzora kwakadaro kwakanakira kuseta nekukurumidza pane saiti, asi kune mukana wekutarisa kure uye kutonga, vanenge vese vanogamuchira vane ethernet port. Iyo webhu interface inobvumidza iwe kudzora uye kuchinja ma paramita, uye SNMP kuvhota inotsigirwa kuti ibatanidzwe nekutarisa masisitimu.

Pano tinoona yakafanana yakajairwa dhizaini yeOP, pazvinogoneka kushandura iyo paramita yeAGC uye attenuator. Asi kutenderera kweOP iyi kunongoiswa chete nevanosvetuka pabhodhi uye ine zvinzvimbo zvitatu zvakatarwa.

Padivi pedunhu, zvakakosha ma paramita ekutarisisa anoratidzwa: mazinga ekupinza uye ekubuda masaini, pamwe neiyo voltage kukosha inogamuchirwa kubva kune yakavakirwa-mukati magetsi. 99% yekutadza kwemaOP akadaro kunoitika mushure mekunge magetsi aya adzikira, saka anofanirwa kutariswa kudzivirira tsaona.

Izwi rekuti Transponder pano rinoreva IP interface uye iyi tebhu ine zvigadziriso zvekero, mask uye gedhi - hapana chinonakidza.

Bonus: pamhepo terevhizheni kugamuchira

Izvi hazvienderane nemusoro wenyaya, asi ini ndichangotaura muchidimbu nezve-on-air TV yekugamuchira. Sei zvino? Ehe, kana tikafunga nezve network yechivako chefurati, saka zvinoenderana nekwakabva chiratidzo mune coaxial kugovera network kana network ichave tambo kana yepasi.

Mukushaikwa kwefiber yemaziso ine chiratidzo cheCATV, inogamuchira pamusoro-yemhepo nhepfenyuro, semuenzaniso Terra MA201, inogona kuiswa panzvimbo yeOP:

Antenna akati wandei (kazhinji matatu) akabatana kune ekuisa madoko eanogamuchira, imwe neimwe inopa kugashira kwayo yega frequency renji.

Собственно, с переходом на цифровое телевещание в этом отпадает необходимость, так как цифровые мультиплексы вещаются в одном диапазоне.

Kune imwe neimwe antenna, unogona kugadzirisa manzwiro ekudzikisa ruzha, uye zvakare, kana zvichidikanwa, govera kure kure simba kune amplifier yakavakirwa muantenna. Chiratidzo chinobva chapfuura nepakati peiyo amplifier uye inopfupikiswa. Iko kugona kugadzirisa iyo yekubuda level yakaderedzwa kusvika kudzima nhanho dzecascade, uye gadziriso yetilt haina kupihwa zvachose: unogona kuwana yaunoda spectrum chimiro nekugadzirisa kunzwisiswa kweantenna yega yega. Uye kana kuseri kweanogamuchira akadaro kune makiromita ecoaxial tambo, ipapo attenuation mairi inorwiwa nekuisa uye kugadzirisa amplifiers, zvakafanana neiyo tambo network.

Kana uchida, unogona kusanganisa masaini masosi: unganidza ese tambo uye yepasi, uye panguva imwe chete satellite masaini mune imwe network. Izvi zvinoitwa uchishandisa multiswitches - zvishandiso zvinokutendera iwe kupfupikisa uye kugovera masaini kubva kwakasiyana masosi.

Source: www.habr.com