Pakutanga kwa2019, isu (pamwe chete nemaportal Software-testing.ru neDou.ua) takaita ongororo yezinga remubairo weQA nyanzvi. Iye zvino tava kuziva kuti imarii ekuedza masevhisi anodhura munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzepasi. Isu tinoziva zvakare ruzivo uye ruzivo rweQA nyanzvi inofanirwa kuchinjanisa hofisi yakapfava uye muhoro une mwero wechigaro chemahombekombe uye wadhi yakakora yemari. Unoda kuziva zvakawanda nezve zvese? Verenga chinyorwa chedu.
Saka ... Fungidzira mamiriro ezvinhu: iwe wakauya kubvunzurudzo uye mubvunzo wakakwana wakazara pamusoro pe "Inotarisirwa muhoro wepamusoro" wakataurirwa kwauri. Iwe haugone sei kukanganisa nemhinduro? Mumwe munhu achatanga kuzvigadzika pamubhadharo panzvimbo yavo yekupedzisira yebasa, mumwe munhu paavhareji muhoro webasa rakapihwa muMoscow, mumwe munhu achatora sehwaro hwemwero wemuhoro uyo shamwari yako QA injiniya akazvirumbidza nezuro pamusoro pegirazi retii. . Asi iwe unofanirwa kubvuma, izvi zvese hazvina kujeka, ndinoda kuziva kukosha kwangu zvechokwadi.
Naizvozvo, chero muedzi anofarira mari dzimwe nguva anobvunza mibvunzo inotevera:
- Ndinodhura marii senyanzvi?
- Ndeupi hunyanzvi hwaunoda kukudziridza kuti uwedzere kukosha kwako kune waunoshandira?
- Ndichawana mari yakawanda nekuchinja basa rangu remuhofisi muBarnaul kuita basa riri kure muMoscow?
- iyi imhando yepasirese yakaenzana nekubudirira kwenyanzvi yakabhadharwa munharaunda yake yehunyanzvi. Kana tikaregeredza kuzvimiririra uye zvemagariro zvinhu, zvirinani kupfuura muhoro pamwe hazvitaure chero chinhu nezve hunhu uye nhanho yekugona kwenyanzvi inobhadharwa. Asi kana isu tichiziva zvese nezve nhanho yedu yemari, saka munzira ipi yekuvandudza kuti tiwedzere mari iyi, isu tinogona kungofungidzira.
Zvinoenderana nemutemo wePareto, mushandirwi/mutengi anoda kubhadhara makumi masere muzana emari ye80% yehunyanzvi hwedu. Mubvunzo chete ndeupi unyanzvi muzvinhu zvemazuva ano zvinosanganiswa mune iyi 20%. Uye nhasi tichaedza kuwana iyo chaiyo kiyi yekubudirira.
Mukutsvaga kwedu, takasarudza kuenda, sekutaura, "kubva kumunhu," uye nekudaro tiri kuita ongororo kwete padanho reCIO neHR masevhisi, asi padanho revanhu "vanonyanya kufarira" mhedzisiro yeongororo: iwe, vanodiwa QA nyanzvi.
Pfupiso:
Nhanganyaya: kuronga ongororo
Muchikamu chino iwe unowana ruzivo rwakakwana nezve ongororo pachayo nevapinduri vayo. Unoda muto here? Inzwa wakasununguka kuenderera mberi!
Saka, ongororo yakaitwa muna Zvita 2018βNdira 2019.
Kuti tiunganidze data rakawanda, takashandisa Google Forms mibvunzo, zvirimo zvaunogona kuwana pane iyi link iripazasi:
Ndinoda kutenda portal nerubatsiro mukuita ongororo uye pachake Natalya Barantseva. Zvakare, tinoda kutaura zvakakosha kukutendai kune: iyo portal , VK nharaunda , telegraph channel .
Ongororo iyi yaisanganisira vanhu 1006 14 vakabvunzwa vanoshandira makambani anobva kunyika 83 mumaguta 6. Kuti basa rive nyore uye kuona data, takabatanidza geography yevose vakapindura nevashandirwi vavo mumatunhu matanhatu akazvimirira:
- Rashiya.
- Europe (EU zone).
β CIS.
- USA.
- Asia.
- Oceania.
Nharaunda yeAsia neOceania yaifanira kubviswa nekuda kwekumiririrwa kwavo kwakaderera mumuenzaniso.
Nyanzvi dzeQA dzinogovaniswa sei pakati penzvimbo dzevashandirwi?
Madhora ekuAmerica akasarudzwa semari huru yechidzidzo ichi. Hazvirevi kuti isu tose tinogamuchira mihoro mumadhora, kungoti kune mazero mashoma mavari uye kutendeuka kubva kune dzimwe mari kwakanyatso.
Mumari ipi iyo nyanzvi dzeQA dzinogashira mihoro yavo?
Takakwanisa kutsanangura zvakajeka 4 mihoro mikuru:
- isingasviki $600 (ine median ye450 $);
- $ 601-1500 (ine pakati pe $ 1050);
- $ 1500-2300 (ine pakati pe $ 1800);
- inodarika $2300 (ine midhinha ye $3000).
97% yezvinzvimbo zvakaratidzwa nevapinduri zvakakwanisa kuzivikanwa nekuiswa muzvikamu zvina zvekare zveQA nyanzvi. Isu takatora nemaune chikamu chinogamuchirwa mumakambani epasi rose, nekuti ... kunyange muRussia mazwi aya anowanzoshandiswa, uye yakasara 4% yevakapindura inoshanda kune dzimwe nyika.
Nyanzvi dzeQA dzinogoverwa sei neboka rebasa?
Chikamu chekutanga. Muhoro nhanho yeQA nyanzvi muRussia nepasirese
Kutanga, ngatitarisei mwero wemuhoro wenyanzvi dzeQA muRussia uye kuti zvinoenderana sei nefomati yebasa.
Muhoro wemuhoro wenyanzvi yeQA unoenderana sei nemaitiro ake ebasa (Russia)?
Inenge hafu yenyanzvi dzese dzeQA (48,9%) vanoshanda muhofisi kuti vawane muhoro unotangira pamadhora mazana matanhatu negumi nemazana mashanu nemazana mashanu. Chimwe chetatu chinoshandawo mufomati yehofisi, yakakamurwa zvakaenzana kuita misasa miviri: nemuhoro <$601 (1500%) uye nemuhoro we$600 - $17,3 (1500%).
Zvinofadza: Chikamu chenyanzvi dzinobhadharwa zvakanyanya chakakwira zvakanyanya pakati pevateveri vehofisi inochinjika uye zvirongwa zvebasa zviri kure kupfuura pakati pevaongorori vanomanikidzwa nehurongwa hwebasa hwakaoma. Kana zviri zve freelancing, vamiriri vayo vashoma vakacherekedza mwero wavo wemari se <$600.
Izvi zviratidzo zvinoratidzira kwete chete yemusika weRussia weQA masevhisi. Zviitiko zvakafanana zvinogona kurondwa pasi rose.
Kuenzaniswa kweavhareji mibairo yeQA nyanzvi (Russia vs World)
Mabhenefiti emuhoro webasa rinochinjika ari kure akajeka kana achienzaniswa nemazinga epasirese. Izvi zvichida nekuda kwekushaikwa kwemari yehurongwa yemushandirwi. midziyo, zvivakwa uye kurongeka kwenzvimbo yebasa yemushandi, izvo zvinoshandurwa zvishoma kuita muhoro wake. Saka, kana iwe ukarota uchinwa cocktails negungwa uye uchiwana 24% kupfuura vamwe vako vachirwira air conditioner kure control kubva 9 kusvika 18, iwe ikozvino une imwe kukurudzira.
Zvinofadza: Muhoro muRussia unorasira kumashure zvakanyanya pasirese mune iri kure rigid fomati (35,7%) uye freelancing (58,1%), uye freelancing pachayo, kunyangwe zvakare isingabhadharwe, iri nani kuvandudzwa kunze kwenyika kupfuura muRussia.
Unobvunza kuti: βNhamba dzemihoro idzi dzinobva kupi? Zvichida Moscow neSt. Petersburg chete ndidzo dzakatora rutivi munzvero dzacho.β Kwete, vaunoshanda navo. Maguta anomiririra geography yeRussia yese, asi isu hatina kutya kuongorora maguta ane vasingasviki makumi maviri vakapindura maererano nemuhoro wepakati. Kana paine anoda, nyorera ku [email inodzivirirwa], tichagovana data pane mamwe maguta.
Avhareji yemuhoro nhanho yeQA nyanzvi (maguta eRussia)
Mufananidzo wacho unofanotaurwa, kunyanya maguta ane vanhu vanopfuura miriyoni anosiyaniswa nemihoro yakakwira, kunze kweSaratov, Krasnodar neIzhevsk. Makwikwi aya anowanzo kugovaniswa nemizinda, asi mihoro yepamusoro neguta yakavharwa nedunhu reChernozem neVoronezh, mutsauko wemihoro neMoscow ungangoita kaviri (45,9%).
Zvinofadza: Isu pachedu hatinyatsonzwisisi kuti Saratov akapinda sei muvatatu vepamusoro maererano nemuhoro. Tichatenda kana iwe ukagovera zvaunofungidzira nezvenyaya iyi.
Kune avo vakasarudza kushandira "kuora kweEurope" kana yeCIS iri pedyo, isu tinokurumidza kukufadza iwe. Pane mukana wese wekusangana nekuwedzera kukuru kwemuhoro. Avo vanotovashandira pamwe vanoziva nezvazvo tisina isu.
Avhareji yemuhoro nhanho yeQA nyanzvi (matunhu evashandirwi)
Zvose pano zvinofanotaurwa, mwero wemihoro pakati pevashandirwi veRussia uri paavhareji 10% yakaderera pane muCIS, 14,8% yakaderera kupfuura muEurope, uye 28,8% yakaderera pane muUSA.
Kufarira: Chikamu chemuhoro muEurope neCIS hachina kusiyana sezvatakafungidzira pakutanga (ne5,3 chete%). Zvakaoma kutaura chokwadi kana kudyidzana kwepasi rose kweindasitiri, kubvongodzwa kwepfungwa dze "Europe" uye "CIS" mupfungwa dzevakapindura, kana mamiriro ehupfumi ane mhosva yeizvi.
Zvine musoro kuti mihoro yakakwira inokwezva nyanzvi dzakawanda dzakagadzirira kushandira kambani yekunze. Maitiro ekubuda kwenyanzvi anova nyore apo makambani makuru anovhura mapazi munyika dzakawanda nemaguta, uye mafomu ebasa ari kure anodzima miganhu yasara.
QA nyanzvi dzinogara nekushanda kupi?
Ane rekodhi ane rekodhi yekutora vashandi vanobva kune dzimwe nyika iUnited States; ka15 nyanzvi dzeQA dzinoshandira makambani eAmerica pane vanogara mumatunhu. MuCIS, pane zvinopesana, vanosarudza kurarama pane kushandira makambani emunharaunda IT. MuRussia nenyika dzeEuropean Union mune kuenzana pakati pevanhu vanoshanda nevanhu vapenyu.
Kufarira: Dzimwe nguva chete chipingamupinyi chinoparadzanisa nyanzvi kubva pakujoinha vashandi veEuro-American mushandirwi ruzivo rwemitauro. Musika wevashandi weRussia neCIS une rombo rakanaka kuti chinhu ichi muzana redu ramakore chichiri kudzoreredza "brain drain".
Chikamu chechipiri. Kutsamira kwechiyero chemubairo weQA nyanzvi pane ruzivo, dzidzo uye chinzvimbo
Hatina kukwanisa kuona hukama hwakananga pakati peyero yemuhoro yenyanzvi dzeQA nedzidzo yakagamuchirwa. Asi takakwanisa kutora mhedziso dzinonakidza pamusoro pesimba redzidzo pachinzvimbo chakabatwa nenyanzvi.
Ko chinzvimbo/chikamu chinobatwa nenyanzvi yeQA chinoenderana nedzidzo yake sei?
Chikamu chevadiki yepamusoro-soro pakati pevanhu vane dzidzo yekubatsira vanhu, zvehupfumi uye sekondari.
Mazano akanaka anowanwa kubva kuvadzidzi vehunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi, magweta, vanhu vane dhigirii redzidzo uye, kutarisisa kwevanonzwisisa, nyanzvi dzine hunyanzvi hwekutungamira dzidzo.
Vakuru vakanaka Ivo vanobva kutechies uye, kunyanya, vangave vanhu vane dzidzo yechikoro kana nyanzvi dzine madhigirii maviri.
Asi pakati kune zvakakwana kwese kwese, kunze kwekuti pakati pemagweta uye vanhu vakasimbiswa pane zvishoma zvishoma zvavo.
Kufarira: Nhamba dzedu, dzakaunganidzwa mukati megore repamhepo Institute of Testers (POINT), inosimbisa zvizere data rataurwa pamusoro pedzidzo yevadiki. Uye nhamba dzemukati dzekambani dzinoratidza kuti nyanzvi dzehunyanzvi dzichiri kukura nekukurumidza pamanera ebasa.
Pane kupokana kwakawanda kwakatenderedza kusarudzika kwenyanzvi dzeQA uye mubairo negiredhi. Vadiki, vanogamuchira sevakuru, vanotungamira pamuhoro wepakati, maitiro akajairika mazuva ano. Ngatiedzei kuzvinzwisisa.
Muhoro wemuhoro wenyanzvi weQA unoenderana nechinzvimbo/chikamu chaanogara sei?
Ngatitangei nekuparadza nhema huru pamusoro pekukura kwevakuru kuva vatungamiri. Kuenda mumitungamiri idanho kwete kumusoro, asi kudivi! Zvose zvakaitika zvakaunganidzwa kwemakore akawanda ekushanda seQA nyanzvi hazvibatsiri mubasa idzva, nokuti haufaniri kushanda kwete nekodhi, asi nevanhu uye zvirongwa. Iwo manejimendi anonzwisisa zvese izvi chaizvo, uye kutaura zvazviri isu tinoona kuti kana mihoro kana chimiro chavo chevakuru uye chinotungamira chakasiyana zvakanyanya.
Musiyano uripo pakati pevadiki nepakati haugone kunzi wakashata kana. Hongu, paavhareji, wepakati kazhinji kazhinji anowana yake $1500-2300 panzvimbo ye600 $. Asi sevechidiki, hafu yepakati pese inogamuchira muhoro mumhando yemadhora mazana matanhatu nemazana matanhatu negumi nemashanu.
Kufarira: Iko kusvetuka muhoro kunonyatso kuoneka pakuenzanisa pakati nevakuru. Mihoro isingasviki mazana matanhatu emadhora yava kuita chinhu chekare, uye 600% yemihoro yese iri kufamba muchikamu che57-1500. Izvo zvinosara kuti unzwisise izvo mukuru anofanira kukwanisa kuita uye kukudziridza munzira iyi, asi zvakanyanya pane izvo zvishoma gare gare.
Asi ruzivo rwebasa, kusiyana nedzidzo, runobata zvakananga chikamu chemuhoro.
Muhoro wemuhoro wenyanzvi yeQA unoenderana sei neruzivo rwebasa?
Dhiagiramu iri pazasi inoratidza zvakajeka kuti, neruzivo mubasa, chiyero chenyanzvi dzinobhadharwa zvishoma chinodzikira uye nhamba yemuhoro inopfuura $2300 inowedzera.
Mari yemuhoro inoshanduka sei sezvo nyanzvi yeQA inokura mune ruzivo?
Chinhu chikuru chaJune ndechekubata kunze kwegore rekutanga. Kunyangwe vapedza kudzidza, vaongorori vegore rimwe vangasatarisira muhoro we1500-2300 madhora, asi pane mukana wakanaka (56%) wekuve mumwe wenyanzvi ane muhoro wemadhora mazana matanhatu-600 pamwedzi.
Chekupedzisira, tichitarisa nemuhoro, kukosha kwenyanzvi kunotanga kukura mukati memakore mana kusvika matanhatu ebasa, ichisvika paavhareji muhoro we4. Mushure meiyi nguva, mwero wekukura kwemuhoro unodzikira, kune vamwe unosvika madhora mazana maviri nemakumi matatu pamwedzi, asi kazhinji, ruzivo mushure memakore matanhatu mubasa rekuedza zvinongovimbisa mari yemadhora 6-1500, uyezve zvese, senguva dzose, zvinoenderana guta, kambani, munhu.
Kufarira: Kukura kwechikamu chemuhoro weQA nyanzvi mumakore matatu ekutanga ndeye 3%, nepo kukura kwemuhoro munguva kubva pa67,8 kusvika kumakore gumi kunodonha kusvika 7%.
Chikamu chetatu. Kutsamira kwemwero wemubairo weQA nyanzvi padanho rehunyanzvi muhunyanzvi hwekuyedza
Rangarira, pakutanga chaiko kwechinyorwa chino takaedza kunzwisisa kukosha kwedu senyanzvi. Zvino ngatienderere mberi nekuongorora hunyanzvi hwekuyedza. Ndeupi hunyanzvi hune QA nyanzvi uye izvi zvinokanganisa sei muhoro wavo?
Ndeupi hunyanzvi hweQA nyanzvi dzine zvakanyanya?
Ngatitarisei hushoma hunodiwa hwehunyanzvi hwatisingakwanise kuita kunze kwebasa redu.
Chii chese QA nyanzvi inofanirwa kuziva?
- Skill in localizing uye kumisikidza kukanganisa - Unyanzvi hwakajairika. 4 vanhu havatombozvitauri, 16 vane ruzivo rushoma. Uye 98% yevakapindura inyanzvi hunyanzvi uye zvakakwana.
- Kuziva kwebug yekutevera masisitimu (Jira, Redmine, YouTrack, Bugzilla) - zvakare, vanhu 6 chete havana kujairana nehunyanzvi uhu.
- Mutengi-kudivi kuyedzwa kwewebhu maapplication - 81% yevakapindura vanotaura zvakanaka kana zvakakwana.
- Kugona mune ruzivo manejimendi masisitimu uye bvunzo kesi repositori (wiki, confluence, nezvimwewo) - zvakafanana 81%, asi chete 27% yavo yakakwana.
- Unyanzvi mukuongorora bvunzo, dhizaini dhizaini uye bvunzo combinatorics matekiniki β 58% yenyanzvi dzine hunyanzvi uhwu uye imwe 18% inyanzvi. Zvakakodzera here kufambirana navo?
Iye zvino ngatitarisei unyanzvi hunogona kunzi hushoma, uye naizvozvo hwakabhadharwa zvakanaka, mubasa redu.
Chii chaungazvirumbidza nacho kune waunoshandira / vaunoshanda navo?
- Sangana nekugadzira mitoro yekuyedza zvinyorwa muJMeter kana mamwe maapplication - unyanzvi hushoma. Vanhu 467 havana hunyanzvi uhu zvachose (46,4%). 197 vanhu vanozvitaura pamwero wakakwana (19,6%). Vanhu makumi mana nevapfumbamwe chete ndivo vanozvigona, uye makumi matatu nevatanhatu vavo vanowana mari inodarika chiuru nemazana mashanu emadhora.
- Inyanzvi mukubika masisitimu e autotest mhinduro (Allure, nezvimwewo) β 204 nyanzvi dzine ruzivo rwakakwana.
- Kuziva kwevatyairi uye ma-add-ons ekuedza otomatiki - 241 nyanzvi.
- Ruzivo rwematanho ekuyedza otomatiki (TestNG, JUnit, nezvimwewo) - 272 nyanzvi.
Kufarira: Sezvingatarisirwa, hunyanzvi husingawanzo kuyedza uye hunyanzvi hwekuita otomatiki, hunosimbisa mamiriro azvino mumusika wevashandi weQA masevhisi. Kushomeka kweautomation otomatiki uye vanotakura zvinhu kunoonekwa zvakajeka muzinga remubairo wavo zvichienzaniswa nedzimwe nyanzvi.
Ndeupi unyanzvi hunobhadhara zvakanakisisa?
Zvine mwero (kusvika $1410 pamwedzi) Hunyanzvi hwekutanga mukuronda tsikidzi, hunyanzvi mumunda wewebhu / nharembozha, kuongororwa kwebvunzo uye marongerwo / kuchinjika kunobhadharwa.
Kwete kure navo (kusvika $1560 pamwedzi) hunyanzvi hwekubatanidza uye kuyedza dhatabhesi, hunyanzvi mukudzora shanduro uye masisitimu ekutema matanda zvaenda. Paavhareji, vanobhadharwa 10-15% zviri nani.
Kunyangwe zvirinani (kusvika $1660 pamwedzi) Unyanzvi hwekutarisira bvunzo dzekesi repositori, hunyanzvi mumaturusi ekutarisa traffic, uye hunyanzvi hwakakosha hwekugara uye kuunza hurema hunobhadharwa.
Zvakanaka, kana iwe uchida iyo nhamba $1770, saka, sezvambotaurwa, tinogamuchirwa kuligi yeautotesters, mainjiniya ekutakura uye vanoenderera mberi vanobatanidza; uhwu hunyanzvi uhwo, zvinoenderana nemhedzisiro yekutsvagisa kwedu, ndihwo hwakabhadharwa zvakanyanya.
Kufarira: Kuve nekuyedzwa kwemutoro uye otomatiki hunyanzvi kunowedzera saizi yemuhoro wako neavhareji ye20-25%, ine chinzvimbo chakaenzana uye ruzivo rwebasa.
Nyanzvi yeQA inongove nehunyanzvi humwe chete kana 2-3 inongova kushomeka mubasa. Zvakanyanya kururamisa kuongorora zvikwaniriso uye muhoro wemuongorori zvichienderana nehuwandu hwehunyanzvi hwaainahwo zvachose.
Muhoro wemuhoro wenyanzvi yeQA unobva pahuwandu hweunyanzvi hwaakagona sei?
Ngano nezve mabhenefiti ehunyanzvi mukuyedza haina kuzvipembedza. Nhamba yeunyanzvi mune arsenal yemuongorori inobata zvakananga muhoro wake. Yese yekuwedzera 5-6 hunyanzvi mune nyanzvi yenguruve bank inotungamira mukuwedzera muhoro ne20-30%. Kuwedzera kunonyanya kucherechedzwa mumihoro ndeye nyanzvi dzakagona hunyanzvi hunodarika makumi maviri. "Prodigies" dzakadaro dzinogamuchira paavhareji 20% kupfuura nyanzvi dzakamanikana dzine hunyanzvi 62 mumukwende wavo.
Kufarira: Vanhu gumi nevaviri chete pa12 vane hunyanzvi hwese. Vese vane muhoro wepamusoro. Vese vanhu gumi nevaviri vanoshanda muhofisi, vese vane ruzivo rwakakura rwebasa (mupinduri mumwe chete ane makore 1006-12 echiitiko, vamwe vese vanogovaniswa zvakaenzana pa2-3, 4-6 uye anopfuura makore gumi echiitiko).
Mhedziso: mifananidzo yeQA nyanzvi
Panzvimbo pezvinofinha mhedziso uye kutangazve, takasarudza kudhirowa mifananidzo yekutaura yenyanzvi dzeQA dzine mazinga emuhoro akasiyana. Mifananidzo iri kure nekunaka sezvo ichiratidzira imwe seti yeQA nyanzvi, uye nekudaro inogona siyana kubva pachokwadi mune zvimwe zviitiko. Paive nemifananidzo mina yese.
Nyarai
Mufananidzo wenyanzvi yeQA ine muhoro wepamusoro unosvika madhora mazana matanhatu.
Paunogara: maguta madiki muRussia uye CIS.
Mushandirwi: kunyanya makambani kubva kuRussia neCIS.
Maitiro ebasa: freelancing kana chirongwa chakasimba chebasa chiri kure.
Dzidzo: chero, kazhinji kubatsira vanhu.
Chikamu/nzvimbo: junior
Chiitiko chebasa: kusvika pagore.
Murairo wakanaka we: 4-5 unyanzvi.
Inofanirwa kunge iine:
- bug yekutevera masisitimu;
- hunyanzvi hwekugarisana uye kumisikidzwa kwehurema;
-kuyedzwa kwevatengi kwewebhu maapplication kana nharembozha;
- hunyanzvi hwekuongorora bvunzo.
Middle kirasi
Mufananidzo wenyanzvi yeQA ine muhoro wemadhora mazana matanhatu-600.
Paunogara: maguta makuru eRussia (Saratov, Novosibirsk, Kazan, Rostov, nezvimwewo) uye CIS, Europe.
Mushandirwi: kunyanya makambani anobva kuRussia, CIS uye madiki eEurope.
Maitiro ebasa: kunyanya kuomarara purogiramu yehofisi uye basa riri kure.
Dzidzo: chero.
Chikamu/nzvimbo: junior kana pakati.
Chiitiko chebasa: 2-3.
Murairo wakanaka we: 6-10 unyanzvi.
Pamusoro peiyo basic set, ane yake:
-kubatanidzwa uye hunyanzvi hwekuongorora dhatabhesi;
- dhizaini kutonga uye kutema matanda masisitimu.
Prosperous
Mufananidzo wenyanzvi yeQA ine muhoro wemadhora mazana matanhatu-1500.
Paunogara:
- Russia (guta guru);
- CIS (maguta ane vanhu vanopfuura miriyoni);
- Europe.
Mushandirwi: makambani ane capital kubva kuEurope neUSA.
Fomati yebasa: mafomati ehofisi uye inoshanduka iri kure basa.
Dzidzo: chero, kazhinji zviri pamutemo kana maneja.
Chikamu/nzvimbo: pakati kana mukuru.
Chiitiko chebasa: 4-6 makore.
Murairo wakanaka we: 11-18 unyanzvi.
Anofanira kuwedzera:
- masisitimu ekutonga kweruzivo uye bvunzo kesi repositori;
- maturusi ekutarisa traffic;
- shanduro yekudzora masisitimu.
Moneybags
Mufananidzo wenyanzvi yeQA ine muhoro unotangira pamadhora mazana maviri nemakumi matatu.
Paunogara:
- pasina kureva nzvimbo (murume wenyika);
- Russia (guta guru);
- CIS (maguta makuru);
- Europe (maguta makuru);
- USA.
Mushandirwi: makambani kubva kuEurope neUSA.
Maitiro ebasa: flexible office kana flexible kure format.
Dzidzo: chero, asi hunyanzvi huri nani.
Chikamu/nzvimbo: Mukuru kana Mutungamiriri.
Chiitiko chebasa: > 6 makore.
Murairo wakanaka we: zvinopfuura 19 unyanzvi hwokuedza.
Hunyanzvi hunodiwa hunosanganisira:
- 2-3 otomatiki yekuyedza hunyanzvi;
- 1-2 mutoro wekuedza unyanzvi;
- hunyanzvi mukuenderera mberi kwekubatanidza masisitimu.
Tinovimba zvino zvichave nyore kwauri kuti uzviongorore (senyanzvi yeQA) mumusika wevashandi. Zvichida chinyorwa ichi chichabatsira mumwe munhu kuva nemoyo murefu, kudzidza nesimba, uye kutanga kukura munzira inobatsira kwazvo. Mumwe munhu achawana ushingi uye data kutaura nemaneja nezve muhoro wekuwedzera. Uye mumwe munhu anozopedzisira afunga kusiya nzvimbo yavo yekuzvarwa uye kutamira kunogara kumahombekombe eThailand.
Chero zvauri, tinokushuvira rombo rakanaka, nekuti iwe unotoziva nezve kupi uye yakawanda sei yekukura.
Source: www.habr.com