Iko kushanduka kwemisimboti yekukurudzira uye kukurudzira mukuvandudza masisitimu eruzivo uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvepamusoro-soro zviri kusimukira. Mukuwedzera kune zvinyorwa zvekare, i.e. mafomu emari-capitalist chete, mamwe mafomu ave aripo kwenguva refu uye ari kuwedzera mukurumbira. Hafu yezana ramakore rapfuura, iyo hofori IBM, sechikamu chechirongwa chayo che "Share", yakadana kuchinjana kwemahara kwezvirongwa zvekushandisa kweayo mainframes akagadzirwa nevechitatu-bato programmers (kwete nekuda kwezvikonzero zvekupa, asi izvi hazvishandure musimboti we chirongwa).
Nhasi: bhizinesi rezvemagariro, kuunganidza vanhu, "Isu tinonyora kodhi pamwe chete" ("Social Coding", GitHub uye mamwe masocial network evagadziri), akasiyana marezinesi emaharaware Open Source mapurojekiti, kuchinjana kwemazano uye kupanana kwemahara kwezivo, matekinoroji, zvirongwa.
Chimiro chitsva chekudyidzana "Social work uye yakavhurika dhizaini" uye iyo pfungwa yeiyo ruzivo ruzivo (webhusaiti) inotsanangurwa. Isu tinosangana nekutanga kutsva (kana kuri kutsva chaiko). Maitiro eiyo nzira yakarongwa: kushamwaridzana, kushandira pamwe, kuvhurika hunyanzvi, kugadzira-kubatana, kuunganidza vanhu, kuwanda mari, sangano resainzi revashandi (SLO), kumira uye kubatanidza, typification yemhinduro, chiitiko uye isiri-yemari yekukurudzira, kusununguka kushandurana kwe ruzivo uye zvakanakisa maitiro copyleft, Open Source, freeware uye "zvese-zvese-zvese".
1 Nzvimbo uye chiyero chekushandisa
Ngatitarisei mafomati: rudo, bhizinesi rekare, bhizinesi rinotarisirwa mumagariro (yemhando yepamusoro bhizinesi nerupo), bhizinesi rezvemagariro (social oriented entrepreneurship).
Nebhizimisi uye rudo, zvakajeka.
Bhizinesi rinotarisirwa mumagariro rinobva pane rakashata uye risiri rechokwadi nguva dzose (kune zvisizvo), asi muenzaniso wakajeka: apo oligarch, akabira vanhu veguta rake (nyika), akashongedza dhorobha diki, aine yekutanga, hongu, akazvitengera nhare mbiri uye mayachts eumbozha, timu yemitambo uye zvichingodaro.
Kana kuti akagadzira hwaro hwekubatsira (zvichida aine chinangwa chekugadzirisa mutero webhizinesi rake).
Social entrepreneurship, semutemo, βbhizimusi rinotsigirwaβ rinonangana nekugadzirisa matambudziko evagari vemo vanotambura: nherera, mhuri huru, vanodya penjeni, uye vakaremara.
Kunyangwe idi rekuti "bhizimusi rinotungamirwa nevanhu" rinonyanya nezve rudo uye rwechipiri nezve kuunza mari, hombe dzeRussian social entrepreneurship mari dzakagadzirwawo nemari (endowment capital) kubva kumaoligarchs. Social entrepreneurship inowanzosiyaniswa kubva kune rudo nekuzviitira mari, saka kazhinji, ibhizimusiwo (muzvinabhizimusi = muzvinabhizimusi).
Vamwe paHabrΓ© vanoti
Iwe unogonawo kuona mienzaniso yemapurojekiti ipapo.
Social Work uye Open Design - kana STOP - ine huzivi hwakasiyana zvishoma. Iyi fomati ndeyeavo vasina kungogadzirira kubatsira vamwe, asi zvakare vanoda kuronga zviitiko zvavo uye zviitiko zveavo vakavapoteredza (iyo nzanga yese) zvinobudirira sezvinobvira.
Iyi purojekiti ine chinangwa chekuwana kugona kwakanyanya mudzidzo nekugadzira kuburikidza nekubatana (kuunganidza), yakavhurika dhizaini (yeruzhinji purojekiti manejimendi), kumira uye kubatanidza dhizaini mhinduro, kusimudzira pfungwa uye kuvakwa kwemapuratifomu epasi rose akavakirwa pazviri, kudzokorora kwemapurojekiti akajairwa. uye kukwereta zviri nani zvigadziriso (maitiro) pane kugara "reinventing vhiri", i.e. kushandisazve basa revamwe.
Padanho rekutanga rebato iri, rinofanirwa kuita budiriro paruzhinji: zviito zvechokwadi zvinobatsira munharaunda kazhinji zvinofungidzira misimboti yeruzhinji. Kufamba kunobva pane zvinotevera nzira:
x-kushanda (kushanda pamwe chete, nezvimwewo), x - kutsvaga (crowdsourcing, nezvimwewo), kukwezva vese nyanzvi - altruists (nyanzvi vanogadzira) uye nyanzvi dzekutanga (vadzidzi) kumapurojekiti, i.e. "misa uye hunyanzvi ndiyo motto ...". Chinhu chakakosha isangano resainzi rebasa.
Pfungwa ye "Social work uye yakavhurika dhizaini" inogona kushandiswa munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzehupenyu hweveruzhinji, asi pano isu tichagumira pachedu kune IT sphere. Naizvozvo, bazi STOP maererano neIT (otomatiki) rinodaidzwazve kuti STOPIT: chirongwa che STOP pamisoro yeIT. Kunyangwe uku kuri kupatsanurwa kwemamiriro, sezvo, semuenzaniso, matekinoroji ekugadzirisa mapurojekiti uye maitiro anoonekwa se "IT", asi iwo anoshandiswa kwete chete mumapurojekiti otomatiki.
Kune mafomu akafanana, semuenzaniso, ipurojekiti yeruzhinji yekudzidzisa yakanangana nekusimudzira kudyidzana pakati peiyo isiri-purofiti chikamu uye IT nyanzvi.
Nekudaro, STOPIT - inotarisa pane chero yakatarisana neIT "zvinodiwa uye zvinopihwa". STOPIT haingori purojekiti yekudzidzisa chete, haisi "kushandira pamwe pakati pevasina purofiti nenyanzvi dzeIT" uye zvimwe "kwete chete".
Basa rezvemagariro evanhu uye dhizaini yakavhurika ndiyo IT greenhouse yerudzi rutsva rwebhizimusi revanhu, uko izwi rekuti "entrepreneurship" rinotsiviwa zviri nani ne "mabasa."
2 Pfungwa ye "Social work and open design" uye kukurudzira
Zvimiro
Iyo STOPIT IT greenhouse pfungwa inosanganisira mabasa matatu: Mutengi, Murevereri, Muiti. Mutengi anogadzira "kuda", kana zvakanyanya, anobvunza uye anogadzirisa "zvinofanira kuitwa." Mutengi chero kambani kana munhu anoda kugadzirisa dambudziko rakatarisana naye. Muchiitiko ichi, otomatiki chimwe chinhu.
Muiti anoumba "chirevo", i.e. inozivisa "zvaakagadzirira kuita." Kondirakiti ikambani, boka revagadziri, kana kungoti mugadziri akagadzirira, kazhinji, "nekuda" (yemahara) kugadzirisa dambudziko kune Mutengi.
Murevereri inyaya inobatanidza "kudiwa" uye "kupa" uye inodzora mhinduro yedambudziko, kugutsikana kwevose Mutengi uye Kontrakta. Kugutsikana kweContractor pachake kunokosha zvakare, nokuti Kazhinji, tiri kutaura nezvebasa "pakuzvidira." Panzvimbo yenheyo: "Mari inogamuchirwa yebasa, asi uswa hahungakuri ipapo," munyaya iyi chinhu chinotanga kushanda umo Mukontrakta anofarira kuunza chigadzirwa chake kuburikidza nekusava nemari yekukurudzira. Uye izvi dzimwe nguva "zvinodhura kupfuura mari."
Nenzira, iyo STOPIT tekinoroji inokunda nyore imwe dambudziko remazuva ano IT chimiro: kana Mutengi achigutsikana, ipapo chirongwa chekushandisa chinoonekwa sekubudirira kunyangwe chinangwa cheparamita yekuteerana kwechigadziriso chegadziriso nebasa rakapihwa. Kwatiri, kutonga kweruzhinji kunoratidza mamiriro akadai, uye kuongororwa kweveruzhinji kwekubudirira kweprojekiti yekuitwa kuchave kwakavakirwa kwete pane yakakurumbira musimboti "haufanire kufunga nezvemhando yeprojekiti kana iwe neMutengi wakarara. pamwe chete nesaradhi imwe cheteyo,β asi pachimiro.
2.1 Kurudziro yemutengi
Iwe unogara uchida kuwana automation system yemahara kana "inenge yemahara", iyo isina mari kana "hazvina kujeka kuti ndeipi yekusarudza", nekuti ... "mutengesi wese anorumbidza chigadzirwa chake" (kunyange kana chigadzirwa chacho chisina maturo). Kune vakawanda, mutengo weti yezvirongwa zveIT wave unorambidza. Ndekupi kwandinogona kuwana mhinduro dzakareruka dzeiyo Open Source freeware kirasi uye isingadhure sosi yekushandisa kwavo uye kunotevera kugadzirisa?
Dzimwe nguva mabasa enguva imwe anodiwa kana basa nderekutarisa "izvi zvinodikanwa", "zvinoshanda sei musimboti". Semuenzaniso, kambani haina hofisi yeprojekiti, asi ndinoda kunzwisisa kuti chirongwa ichi chaizofamba sei dai chiripo. "Mutariri weprojekiti wekunze" (mutariri weprojekiti), semuenzaniso, mudzidzi kana freelancer, anopihwa basa nekuzvidira.
Mukati mechimiro cheiyo STOPIT pfungwa, Mutengi anogamuchira yakagadzirira-yakagadziriswa mhinduro kudambudziko rake nekodhi kodhi, rezinesi remahara, mukana wekudzokorodza, pfungwa yekuvandudza kwegadziriso yekuvaka, uye yakanyorwa kodhi. Sechikamu chekukurukurirana kwekuita, akakwanisa kuona dzimwe nzira dzekugadzirisa uye akazvimiririra kuita sarudzo (kubvumirana nesarudzo).
Zvinotarisirwa kuti nzira yakarongwa ichamutsa mamiriro anotevera: kana masangano akati wandei achida kugadzirisa dambudziko rakafanana (ese ari maviri anoda chigadzirwa chimwe chete), zvino zvinokurudzirwa kuita pamwe kuedza kugadzira yakajairwa mhinduro (kana chikuva) uye kugadzirisa iyo dambudziko pahwaro hwaro, i.e. Vakauya pamwechete, vakagadzira yekutanga mhinduro pamwechete, uye ipapo mumwe nemumwe akazvimiririra akagadziridza maitiro ese ega (akazvigadzirisa).
Kusiyana kwekuwanda kwemari kunogoneka, kana kungosiyana kwekushanda pamwechete pabasa rimwechete zvinoenderana nemisimboti: "musoro mumwe wakanaka, asi vaviri vari nani" kana kuburikidza nekumanikidzwa kubatana senge: Ini ndichakubatsira neprojekiti yako, uye iwe uchaita. ndibatsireiwo nezvangu, nokuti Iwe une kugona mune rangu, uye ini ndine kugona pabasa rako.
Mutengi anounzwa neseti yezvinodiwa, asi isu hatisati tichizvifunga (kunyanya izvo zvinodikanwa kuburitsa nhoroondo yekushandisa, chengetedza pachena bug tracker, nezvimwewo).
2.2 Kukurudzira kweMuiti
Boka rekirasi yeVatambi, zvirinani pakutanga kwekuvandudzwa kweSTOPIT gwara, rinofanirwa kunge riri mapoka epurojekiti yevadzidzi. Zvakakosha kuti mudzidzi: ashande pane dambudziko rechokwadi rinoshanda, awane ruzivo runoshanda, aone kuti basa rake harina kupinda mumarara, asi rinoshandiswa chaizvo (rinoshandiswa uye rinounza zvikomborero kuvanhu).
Zvichida zvakakosha kuti mudzidzi azadze bhuku rekodhi rebasa (rekodhi ruzivo rwebasa), sanganisira mapurojekiti chaiwo mupodfolio yake ("nhoroondo yakabudirira" kubva mugore rokutanga reyunivhesiti), nezvimwewo.
Zvichida anoshanda akasununguka anoda kusanganisa kuitwa kweiyi purojekiti (iyi kambani) mune yake portfolio uye yakagadzirira kushanda mahara.
Kana zvichidikanwa, Murevereri anogona kuronga manejimendi ekushanda kana kupa chipangamazano ane ruzivo kuti ave nechokwadi chemhando yepamusoro yekugadzirisa matambudziko nevagadziri vekutanga. Muchiitiko ichi, chinangwa chemudzidzi kana mumwe chete freelancer chinogona kuvakirwa chete pakushanda purojekiti nekutora chikamu che "mukurumbira mukuru" akapihwa purojekiti iyi.
Nekudaro, Vaiti havangori maaltruists uye philanthropists, kunyangwe vanogadzira nyanzvi vangangowira pasi peiyi tsananguro. Zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa iyo yekupedzisira mukati megadziriro ye STOPIT sechikwata chevanopa mazano (consultants) kana vagadziri vakuru kana kuvakwezva kuti vaite "mapurojekiti emuenzaniso" anosimudza mufananidzo weiyo STOPIT project site.
Makunivhesiti ari kutora chikamu muSTOPIT achakwanisa kunzwisisa zviri nani matambudziko ehupenyu ayo achada kupedza kudzidza. Vaurayi ivo pachavo vachazokwanisa kubhadharwa kuti vatsigire mafambisirwo avo (zvirongwa). Nheyo inogona kuronga makwikwi uye kukurudzira Vatambi vanonyanya kushanda (Mayunivhesiti), kusanganisira kuburikidza nehomwe yakakosha yezvipo kubva kune Vatengi pachavo, vanozopa "kufara" kwemahara, asi anonyanya kushanda chishandiso (chirongwa) kwavari.
Kazhinji, kumudzidzi, "mufaro Nha. 1" ndipo paanotogadzirisa matambudziko anobatsira pachikoro, i.e. kwete manyepo, asi chaiwo (kunyangwe akasaapedza kana kungopedza chidimbu chebasa rakakura). "Mufaro Nha. 2" - apo chirongwa chake chaibatsira chaizvo muupenyu (chakashandiswa), i.e. basa rake "harina kukandwa mubhini remarara" pakarepo mushure mekudzivirira chirongwa. Zvakadini kana, kuwedzera kune izvi, pane zvishoma zvekukurudzira kwemari?
Uye kwete hazvo muchimiro chemari: homwe yekukurudzira inogona kunge ine vacancies for internship, zvidzidzo (advanced training), uye mamwe eprepaid edzidzo kana asiri edzidzo masevhisi.
Nzvimbo yakachena ye "altruist-philanthropist" inofanirawo kuzviwana mu STOPIT. Iyo egoist ndeyake, iyo altruist ndeyevanhu. A misanthrope is a misanthrope, philanthropist anoda vanhu. Anozvipira uye anoita zvephilanthropist kuitira kubatsira nzanga, achiisa zvido zvevamwe pamusoro pezvavo. Vese vanoda vanhu uye vanovabatsira. Ichi chinhu chine simba chisati chawana nzira yayo mumapurojekiti makuru eIT.
2.3 Zvikwata zvepurojekiti yevadzidzi ndiyo tariro yeshanduko yesainzi uye tekinoroji
Ndinoda kusimbisa kuti hazvisi zvikwata zvepurojekiti yevadzidzi chete zvinoonekwa seVaiti vezvirongwa zveSTOPIT, asi tariro yakakosha inoiswa pavari yeshanduko yesainzi uye tekinoroji (STR). Ikozvino kuparadzaniswa kwemaitiro edzidzo kubva mukugadzirwa, kushaikwa kwekunzwisisa nevashandi vekudzidzisa kweanoshanda mabasa ekugadzira ndiro dambudziko remazuva ano dzidzo yemumba. MuUSSR, kuti vawedzere "kunyudzwa" kwevadzidzi mukugadzira, vakauya nemadhipatimendi ekutanga ezvikoro zvedzidzo kumabhizinesi uye masangano ekutsvagisa.
Nhasi, vamwe vachiripo, asi zvinotarisirwa "Big Result" hazvina kuitika.
Ne "Big Result" ndinoreva chimwe chinhu "chakavhurika uye chikuru, i.e. zvinobatsira munzanga pamwero wepuraneti.β Zvakafanana neWestern institution, semuenzaniso, iyo "X windows system" yekuratidzira sevha, yakagadzirwa muna 1984 kuMassachusetts Institute of Technology, uye nzvimbo yese yeMIT rezinesi.
Vadzidzi vedu havagone manomano akadaro:
Zvichida iyo pfungwa chaiyo yedzidzo yepamusoro inoda kuchinjwa, semuenzaniso, kugadziriswa nenzira yekuMadokero: masangano edzidzo anofanirwa kusanganiswa nenzvimbo dzekutsvagisa. Izvi zvinogona kutungamira mukunyomba kuti zvese zvakabudirira zveMIT uye zvakafanana zvinofanirwa kuverengerwa kune innovation nzvimbo kuzvikoro, asi chero zvakadaro, masangano edu ekutsvagisa haagone kuzvirumbidza nezvechinhu chakadaro.
Mune iyi pfungwa, STOPIT inogona kutorwa se "chigamba chechinguvana" kusvika nyika "yamuka" uye nekurangarira kukosha kwekumutsiridza dzidzo yepamusoro.
STOPIT inogona kushanda sechitubu cheNTR. Chero zvazvingaitika, shanduko - mune zvedzidzo uye munzira dzekugadzira uye kuita otomatiki masisitimu: yakavhurika dhizaini, kukwereta, kumira-kubatana, kuumbwa kweakavhurika zviyero zvemasisitimu ekuvaka, masisitimu ekuvaka, masisitimu, nezvimwe.
Chero zvazvingava, tsvakurudzo yerabhoritari uye unyanzvi hunoshanda, uye zvakatonyanya kubudirira (uye kunyange "kwete") kushandiswa, kubva kumakosi ekutanga, ndiyo kiyi yedzidzo yemhando yepamusoro.
Panguva ino, tinofanira kuverenga nekusuwa izvi:
Ini ndiri 2nd gore mudzidzi weyunivhesiti, ndichidzidza muhunyanzvi hweApplied Mathematics neComputer Science, uye zvakabudirira, ndinogamuchira yakawedzera kudzidza. Asi, rimwe zuva rakanaka, ndakaona kuti zvandaidzidziswa zvakatanga kundiremedza uye zvikava, sezvizvi, zvakanyanyisa uye zvakapusa. Kwapera kanguva, imwe pfungwa yakamuka: wadii kuita mamwe mapurojekiti ako, uwane mukurumbira nemari (iyo yekupedzisira haina chokwadi, hongu). Asi. Handizivi kana ndini ndoga ndine dambudziko iri, zvishoma handina kuwana chero chinhu paInternet, asi handigoni kusarudza kuti chii chaizvo chandichaita. Bazi rakazvisimudza ndokuti tsvakiridzo...
Zvechokwadi, handisi kukumbira mazano akagadzirirwa, ndiri kukumbira mhinduro kumubvunzo: ndingauya sei kune izvi ini?
Zano kuvadzidzisi: Nei vadzidzi veIT vachifanira kuremerwa neasingaite (ekunyepedzera) mabasa? Zvimwe unofanirwa kubvunza shamwari dzako kuti mapurojekiti eIT arikuitika kukambani yavo, chii chinoda kuitwa, dambudziko ripi rekugadzirisa. Zvadaro, pwanya dambudziko muzvikamu uye ugoripa kuboka rose nenzira yediploma coursework ne "kucheka" kwezvinetso maererano nekuora. Mhinduro inoguma inogona kuratidzwa kushamwari: pamwe ivo vacharamba SAPSAS, nezvimwe. uye sarudza basa remudzidzi pane Open Source copyleft injini?
Semuenzaniso, kuitwa kwe "SAPSAS, nezvimwewo." mune zvimwe zviitiko zvingave maererano nenheyo "kubva papfuti kusvika kune shiri duku", i.e. mhinduro iri nyore ingave yakakodzera kugadzirisa dambudziko; uyezve, kugona kwehupfumi kwekuunza zvikara zvakadaro kunenge kwakashata nguva dzose: saka, zvidzidzo zvekugoneka kwekuita kwakadaro kazhinji hazviitwe zvachose, zvakanyanya kuburitswa.
Kunyange kana shamwari dzako dzichiti "kwete," zvino ingobudisa mhinduro yako uye kuenzanisa nechigadzirwa chinokwikwidza - zvichida pachava nemumwe munhu achasarudza mhinduro yako, kana, zvechokwadi, iri kukwikwidza. Zvese izvi zvinogona kuitwa pasina STOPIT chikuva.
2.4 Zvinhu zvakasarudzwa zvinobudirira
Iyo yakakosha kufamba vector inofanirwa kuve yakavakirwa pane zvinotevera:
A) Vhura. Zvirongwa zvinofanirwa kuve zvakavhurika sosi uye zvakanyatsonyorwa. Panguva imwecheteyo, pamusoro pekunyora kodhi, inofanirawo kunge iine zvinyorwa zveiyo logic (algorithm), zviri nani mune imwe yemifananidzo yemifananidzo (BPMN, EPC, UML, nezvimwewo). "Vhura" - iyo kodhi kodhi inowanikwa uye hazvina basa kuti purojekiti yakagadzirwa munzvimbo ipi uye mutauro unoshandiswa: Visual Basic kana Java.
B) Free. Vanhu vazhinji vanoda kuita chimwe chinhu chinobatsira munharaunda uye chakakosha, chakavhurika uye chinodzokororwa (chakawanda-chinobatsira): kuitira kuti chive chinobatsira kune vakawanda uye ivo, zvirinani, vanoti mazvita makuru nazvo.
Kunyangwe vamwe vanhu vachida "zvakawanda" pane kungoti "Maita basa", semuenzaniso, nekutaura "THE BURGER-WARE LICENSE" rezinesi zvakananga mukodhi yavo yepurogiramu (tag "sarcasm"):
###################
Sub insertPicture(...
' "THE BURGER-WARE LICENSE" (Ongororo 42):
' <[email protected]> akanyora kodhi iyi. Chero bedzi iwe uchichengeta ichi chiziviso iwe
' unogona kuita chero chaunoda nezvinhu izvi. Kana tikasangana rimwe zuva, uye munofunga
' zvinhu izvi zvakakosha, unogona kunditengera burger nekudzoka. π xxx
###################
Iyo "THE BURGER-WARE LICENSE" rezinesi rinogona kuve rekufona kadhi reiyo STOPIT chirongwa. (humorware) hombe: Beerware, Pizzaware...
C) Sarudza mabasa akawanda kutanga. Chinonyanya kukosha chinofanira kunge chiri mabasa asina chaanoreva, asi chishandiso chakajairika: "mabasa ekudiwa kwevanhu vazhinji", anogadziriswa kuburikidza nepuratifomu yakavhurika yepasirese (pamwe neinozotevera kugadzirisa kana zvichidikanwa).
D) Tora "maonero akafara" uye gadzira kwete chete zvirongwa, asiwo zviyero: kumira uye kusimudzira indasitiri yakajairwa mhinduro. Kunyanya kunofanirwa kupihwa kune zvigadziriso (zvirongwa, nzira) izvo, pamusoro pemuenzaniso wekuita, zvine zvinhu zvekumira. Semuenzaniso, Kontrakta inopa mhinduro yakajairwa uye inoratidza maitiro ekuichinjisa kune rimwe basa. Nekuda kweizvozvo, simbiso iri pakutenderera kwehuwandu (kudzokorodza kwakawanda zvichibva pane yakajairwa mhinduro - seimwe nzira ye "kudzoreredza vhiri"). Kumisikidzwa, kubatanidza uye kuchinjana kwechiitiko kunopesana ne: "yakavharwa uye yakasarudzika mhinduro" ("chengeta mutengi pahoko"), kumanikidza imwechete software solution mupi (mutengesi).
2.5 Basa reMurevereri
Basa reMurevereri - murongi (mufambisi) weimwe STOPPIT saiti ndeaya anotevera (mumabhuroko).
Hofisi yeprojekiti: kuumbwa kwepodfolio yemirairo uye mapoka evatambi (resource pool). Kuunganidza maodha, kugadzira sosi yeMakontrakta. Monitoring purojekiti inoti (Kutanga, Kubudirira, nezvimwewo).
Business analyst. Yekutanga bhizinesi kuongororwa. Kurongeka kwekutanga kwemabasa, kuedza kuumba basa rakajairika iro ringave rinofarirwa kune yakakura siyana yevatengi.
Guarantee. Guarantee yekuzadzikiswa kwematemu ekondirakiti. Semuenzaniso, Kontrakta anogona kuseta mamiriro ekugamuchira chiitiko pakuitwa kweiyo sisitimu (kana iko kuita kwakabudirira) kana kutumira pawebhusaiti yekambani iyo mhinduro yayo yakaitwa chinyorwa (nhau dzine chiratidzo cheKontrakta) nezve kuita (uye hazvina basa kuti zviri mukati ndezvipi: zvakanaka kana zvakakosha).
Iyo Guarantor inogona, zvichibva pamusimboti we "kuparadzaniswa kwemugadziri kubva pachigadzirwa chake," kuvimbisa Mutengi kuti anogara achitsvaga timu yekutsigira chirongwa ichi, semuenzaniso, kana Kontrakta akaramba kutsigira kuita kwake kana kuita yake pachake software chigadzirwa.
Kune mamwe akawanda mapoinzi (details), semuenzaniso, kuvanza zita rekambani yeMutengi pamatanho ekutanga ekugadzira. Izvi zvinodikanwa kuitira kuti Mutengi asagamuchire spam kubva kune vanokwikwidza - zvinoenderana neimwe nzira "yemari" system (nekushevedzera: "cheese yemahara inongova mutepi wembeva"). Kana Mutengi achida kubhadhara mari yekufananidzira kune Kontrakta, ipapo Murevereri anoita semurevereri mukugadzirisana. Zvinokurudzirwa kuratidza ruzivo muchata yechimwe chirongwa kana charter yeiyo STOPIT saiti.
PR Zviitiko zvekushambadzira: matsamba ekutungamira uye maforamu evadzidzi, midhiya - kutanga uye kubatanidzwa mupurojekiti, kukwidziridzwa paInternet.
OTK. Implementation control. Murevereri anogona kuita yekutanga kuyedzwa kweiyo yakaitwa system yemapurojekiti ega. Mushure mekuita, ronga maitiro ekutarisa uye ita ongororo.
Murevereri anogona kutungamira ma Mentors, i.e. kana paine sosi - nyanzvi, vabatanidze kune purojekiti yekupa mazano.
Murevereri anogona kuronga makwikwi, mibairo, nezvimwe kuwedzera kukurudzira kweVatambi. Pane zvimwe zvakawanda zvinogona kuwedzerwa: izvi zvinotemerwa nekugona (zviwanikwa) zveMurevereri.
2.6 Zvimwe zvinokonzerwa neprojekti yakarongwa
Batanidza vadzidzi mukugadzirisa matambudziko chaiwo akashandiswa. Zvakanaka (mune ramangwana), tichaunza nzira yekuMadokero muzvikoro zvedu, apo mapoka evadzidzi anogadzira chiyero cheindasitiri, yakavhurika system chikuva (framework), inoshandiswa zvakanyanya kuvaka yekupedzisira maindasitiri masisitimu.
Wedzera mwero wekumisikidza mukuvandudza masisitimu eruzivo: dhizaini yakajairwa, yakajairwa mhinduro, kuvandudza kweimwe pfungwa mhinduro uye kuvaka kwakati wandei kuita kwakavakirwa pairi, semuenzaniso, pane dzakasiyana CMS injini, DMS, wiki, nezvimwe. shandisa mwero wekugadzira hurongwa hwakadai nehwekuti, i.e. kuumbwa kwemaitiro emaindasitiri ekugadzirisa dambudziko rinoshandiswa.
Gadzira mapuratifomu anosanganisa kugovera uye kudiwa, uye kuitwa kwebasa kunenge kuri kwepakati kana kwemutengo wekufananidzira, pamwe nesarudzo dzakasiyana siyana dzekukurudzira, semuenzaniso, kana kambani ikahaya mudzidzi anokunda kuti atsigire hunyanzvi hwechirongwa chake kana pasina kubhadhara muhoro (pakudzidzira).
Mune ramangwana, zvinokwanisika kugadzira chizvarwa chinotevera chepuratifomu zvichienderana nemisimboti yekuvhurika, kuenzanisa, kukwirisa vanhu, asi kana chete purojekiti pachayo ichabhadharwa, uye kudzokorora kwayo kuchapihwa kunzanga, i.e. Veruzhinji, kusanganisira chero kambani nemunhu, vanogona kuishandisa mahara. Panguva imwecheteyo, nzanga iri papuratifomu yekutengeserana ichasarudza iyo yainoda kutanga pane zvese uye kunaani wekupa chirongwa ichi (budiriro "yemari").
3 "Mbiru Matatu" eSocial Work uye Open Design
A) Kudyidzana matekinoroji
(maererano ne STOPIT)
Net - network + basa - kushanda. Ichi chiitiko chezvemagariro uye chehunyanzvi chine chinangwa chekuvaka hukama hwekuvimba uye hwenguva refu nevanhu uye kupa rubatsiro rwekudyidzana nerubatsiro rwedenderedzwa reshamwari, vanozivana (kusanganisira vanozivana kuburikidza nesocial network kana maforamu ehunyanzvi), uye vatinoshanda navo.
Networking ndiyo hwaro hwekumisikidza hushamwari uye hukama hwebhizinesi nevanhu vatsva (vadyidzani). Chinokosha chekubatanidza kuumbwa kwechikwata chevanhu uye chido chekukurukura matambudziko ako pachako nevamwe, kupa mabasa ako (mazano, kutaurirana mumaforamu). Ese masocial network anobva pazviri.
Zvakakosha kutenda muNetworking uye usatya kubvunza vamwe mhinduro kudambudziko, vakumbire kugadzirisa dambudziko rako, uye kupawo ruzivo rwako nerubatsiro kune vamwe.
Mupfungwa yakafara, inzira yekuronga basa revanhu vane mabasa akasiyana munzvimbo imwechete; mune yakamanikana - nzvimbo yakafanana, yakaunganidzwa (yakagoverwa) hofisi, mune yedu saiti STOPS. Iri isangano rezvivakwa zvekudyidzana pasi pe STOPIT mapurojekiti.
Rimwe zuva zvinogoneka kuti STOPIT coworking space ichaonekwa, asi parizvino iyi ingori chaiyo STOPIT chikuva (Internet resource). Isu hatizongotsinhanisa ruzivo uye mazano nemunhu wese, izvo zvichawedzera kubereka uye kubatsira mukutsvaga zvisiri-zvidiki mhinduro kumatambudziko, asi zvakare kushanda pachikuva chimwe chete, tichishandisa zvakajairika maturusi (semuenzaniso, dhizaini masisitimu, emulators, mabhenji ebvunzo chaiwo) .
Parizvino musoro wenzvimbo dzekushanda STOPIT haisati yaitwa, asi ichasanganisira angangoita mahofisi emahofisi (nzvimbo dzekushanda dzehofisi, kusanganisira izwi excel, nezvimwewo kana analogues, chokwadi, kutaurirana, nezvimwewo), pamwe neIT chaiyo. marabhoritari uye inomira "yakagovaniswa" yekuyedza uye bvunzo (yakagovaniswa machina chaiwo ane nyanzvi software, VM mifananidzo ine pre-yakaiswa masisitimu, nezvimwewo).
Kana yapedza chirongwa chega chega, chimiro chayo chaicho chichachengetwa uye chichavepo chekuendeswazve kune chero STOPIT anotora chikamu, i.e. Kwete zvinyorwa zvekushanda uye zvekushanda zvepurojekiti zvichange zviripo, asiwo hurongwa hwemashoko ekushanda pachahwo.
STOPIT inotora zvakawanda kubva kune vanhu vakawanda: chokwadi, mapurojekiti anotumirwa kune veruzhinji, kudana kwakavhurika kune veruzhinji kunoumbwa, umo sangano rinobvunza (kubvunza) mhinduro kubva ku "boka".
Vhura dhizaini tekinoroji, yeruzhinji purojekiti manejimendi (chaizvo, senge pachirongwa "Chii, Kupi, Rini"), kuunganidza vanhu, kugadzira pamwe, kuvhurika hunyanzvi mazwi anozivikanwa ari nyore kuwana paInternet, semuenzaniso, .
B) Sangano reSainzi rebasa
KWETE - senzira yekuvandudza kurongeka kwebasa kunoenderana nekubudirira kwesainzi uye maitiro akanakisa - ipfungwa yakafaranuka. Kazhinji, aya mechanization uye otomatiki, ergonomics, chiyero, kutonga nguva uye zvimwe zvinhu zvakawanda.
Isu tinongogumira kune dzinotevera nzvimbo:
- kusununguka kusununguka kwezivo uye maitiro akanaka;
- kubatanidza uye kuenzanisa;
- kushandiswa kwakapararira kweBest Practices, zvese indasitiri uye Best Management Maitiro.
- Kubatana uye kumira, kukwereta izvo zvakatoitwa, zvichitarisa pane zvakajairwa mhinduro.
Iwe haufanire kudzoreredza vhiri nguva dzese, iwe unongoda kuridzokorora. Kana isu tichigadzirisa dambudziko, saka zvinokurudzirwa kupa mhinduro iyo ichava yepasi rose uye inobvumira kugadzirisa matambudziko akafanana ("shiri mbiri dzine ibwe rimwe").
Best Practice. Mienzaniso yeindasitiri Maitiro Akanakisisa, semuenzaniso, kubva kuIT: ITSM, ITIL, COBIT. Mienzaniso yeBest Management Practices: kubva padanho reprojekiti iyi PMBOK-PRINCE; BOKs kubva kumunda wesystem software engineering; BIZBOK VAVOK, pamwe neakawanda maitiro akaonda-akaita "nguva dzese".
Zvakakosha kunzwisisa pano kuti chinangwa hachisi "chokusarudza zvakanakisisa pane dzakawanda Maitiro Akanakisisa" (mazhinji mamwe maitiro). Zvinokurudzirwa kusagadzira nzira nyowani dzekutungamira kweprojekiti, nzira nyowani dzekugadzira masisitimu, nezvimwewo, asi kutanga waverenga Maitiro Akanakisisa uye kukwereta kubva kwavari zvakanyanya sezvinobvira. Kunyange zvazvo rimwe zuva ndinotarisira kuti imwe yemapurojekiti eSTOPIT ichave yekugadzirisa zvakare "yakakurumbira" Maitiro Akanakisisa kana kusikwa kweimwe itsva, somuenzaniso, BOK inobva pa STOPIT project pachayo.
C) Nheyo dzehupenyu hunoshanda chinzvimbo
iyo-mapiyona, vashandi, vanozvipira, vanozvipira uye "vose-vose-vose" vanoda kuita chimwe chinhu chinobatsira: zvose "zvakanyanya" zvemagariro evanhu (zvikuru-zvinobatsira), uye zvinobatsira chete kune kambani duku, i.e. mumwe munhu kuti aite chimwe chinhu nokuzvidira.
Vanamuzvinabhizimusi vezvemagariro evanhu, maaltruists uye philanthropists vane basa rekugarisana nevamwe maererano nekuita kuti mapurojekiti eIT asvike, anodzokororwa uye apararira, chishuwo chekubatanidza nhamba huru yevatori vechikamu mukuvandudza masisitimu eruzivo, kuita masisitimu epamba emhando yepamusoro uye asiri pasi pe. ZvekuMadokero. Chimwe chinhu chakadai se "Misa uye unyanzvi ndiyo motto yemitambo yeSoviet," i.e. "Mass scale uye hunyanzvi ndiwo chirevo chekuvakwa kwemba."
Zvose zvinotora, pasi pekutungamirirwa kwevashoma veshamwari vane ruzivo, kutungamira uto guru re "nzara yezivo uye kushandiswa kwayo mukuita" vadzidzi uye munhu wose (novice mainjiniya nevagadziri vepurogiramu) kuita mabasa anoshanda nekuita zvakananga uye rutsigiro rwebudiriro. Budiriro (chigadzirwa) inotora misimboti iri pamusoro: kuvhurika, hukuru hwemashandisirwo, chiyero chemhinduro, kusanganisira kusimudzira pfungwa (ontology), kudzokorora kwemahara (copyleft).
Total
Zvechokwadi, ane rombo rakanaka mudzidzi weIT mugore rake repamusoro pachikoro anogona kuwana internship pane imwe kambani huru yeIT, kune nyaya dzakanaka pamusoro pevadzidzi, kunyanya Western, semuenzaniso, Stanford (K. Systrom, M. Zuckerberg), ikoko inzvimbo dzekumba dzekutanga-up, hackathons, makwikwi evadzidzi senge "Vanhu Vanokuda", maforamu ebasa, maforamu evechidiki seBreakPoint, mari yebhizinesi rezvemagariro (Rybakov, nezvimwewo), mapurojekiti akaita se "Preactum", makwikwi, semuenzaniso, Chinyorwa. Makwikwi "Social Entrepreneurship kuburikidza neMeso eVadzidzi", "Project 5-100" uye "mashanu", gumi nemaviri, uye pamwe mazana emamwe akafanana, asi zvese izvi hazvina kupa shanduko munyika yedu: kana shanduko mubhizinesi, kana mudzidzo, kana shanduko yesainzi neyehunyanzvi. Dzidzo yemumba, sainzi uye kugadzira zviri kudzikisira mumatanho makuru. Kushandura mamiriro acho ezvinhu, nzira dzakasimba dzinodiwa. Pasati pave uye hapana matanho akasimba uye anonyatsoshanda "kubva kumusoro".
Chasara kuyedza "kubva pazasi" uye kupinza mukufarira uye chiitiko cheavo vane hanya.
Iyo yakarongwa fomati yeIT greenhouse yerudzi rutsva rwesocial entrepreneurship inokwanisa kuita izvi: Social work and open design? Mhinduro inogona kupihwa chete nekuiedza mukuita.
Kana iyo pfungwa ichikufarira, gadzira yako STOPIT sosi: iyo pfungwa yakatsanangurwa inogoverwa pasi peCopyleft rezinesi "THE BURGER-WARE LICENSE". Yunivhesiti yega yega yaizobatsirwa nepuratifomu yakadaro. Ndokuona panzvimbo yako STOP.
Source: www.habr.com