Gore rapfuura, hurumende yakabvumidza hurongwa hwekuita munzvimbo yeRuzivo Chekuchengetedza. Ichi chikamu che "Digital Economy yeRussian Federation" chirongwa. Inosanganisirwa muchirongwa kana ikadimburwa kubva kune dzimwe nyika maseva. Mapepa aya akagadzirwa neboka revatevedzeri rinotungamirwa nemukuru weFederation Council Committee, Andrei Klishas.
Nei Russia ichida chikamu chinozvimiririra chetiweki yepasirese uye zvibodzwa zvipi zvinotevedzwa nevanyori vekutanga - mberi mune izvo zvinyorwa.
Nei bhiri rakadaro richidiwa zvachose?
Mutsanangudzo yeTASS : "Mukana uri kugadzirwa kuti uderedze kuendesa kunze kwenyika data yakatsinhaniswa pakati pevashandisi veRussia."
Mune gwaro pamusoro pechinangwa chekugadzira yakasununguka Runet : "Kuti tive nechokwadi chekushanda kwakasimba kweInternet, hurongwa hwenyika hwekutsvaga ruzivo pamusoro pemazita emadomasi uye (kana kero yetiweki) iri kugadzirwa seseti yesoftware yakabatana uye hardware yakagadzirirwa kuchengetedza uye kuwana ruzivo nezve network kero zvine hukama. kumazita emadomasi, kusanganisira ayo anosanganisirwa munharaunda yeRussia yenyika, pamwe nemvumo pakugadzirisa mazita emadomasi."
Vanyori vegwaro iri vakatanga kugadzira bhiri "vachifunga nezve hukasha hweUS yenyika cybersecurity zano rakagamuchirwa munaGunyana 2018," iro rinozivisa musimboti we "kuchengetedza runyararo nechisimba," uye Russia, pakati pedzimwe nyika, " zvakananga uye pasina humbowo hunopomerwa mhosva yekurwisa hacker."
Ndiani achatungamira zvese kana mutemo wapasiswa?
Bhiri iri rinoti kudzika mitemo yenzira dzemumigwagwa uye kutevedzera mitemo iyoyo . Dhipatimendi iri richavewo nebasa rekudzikisa huwandu hwemotokari yeRussia inopfuura nemunzvimbo dzekunze dzekutaurirana. Basa rekutarisira RuNet network zvivakwa mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma achapihwa kune yakakosha nzvimbo. Yakatogadzirwa muredhiyo frequency service iri pasi peRoskomnadzor.
, maererano nehurumende, inofanira kugadzirwa mumwedzi inotevera. Inofanirwa kunzi "Public Communications Network Management Center". Hurumende yakapa Roskomnadzor gore rekugadzira maturusi esoftware uye maturusi ekutarisa nekugadzirisa network yeruzhinji.
Ndiani achabhadhara chii uye marii?
Kunyange vanyori vebhiriro vanoona zvakaoma kutaura kuti yakawanda sei yakasununguka Runet ichabhadhara bhajeti.
Pakutanga, vemitemo vakati takanga tichitaura nezve 2 bhiriyoni rubles. Gore rino vanyori . Gare gare zvakashumwa kuti .
Kutengwa kwemichina ichaita kuti kuchengetedzwa kwechikamu cheRussia chete kuchaita 21 bhiriyoni rubles. Anosvika bhiriyoni mashanu achashandiswa mukuunganidza ruzivo nezvekero dzeInternet, nhamba dzemasystem akazvimirira uye kubatana pakati pawo, nzira dzemumigwagwa paInternet, uye imwe bhiriyoni mashanu pakugadzirisa software yakasarudzika, pamwe nekuvandudzwa kwesoftware nehardware zvakagadzirirwa kuunganidza nekuchengetedza ruzivo. .
Izvo hazvisati zvanyatsojeka kuti ndiani achabhadhara zvese: ingave mari yese ichabva mubhajeti, kana iyo nyowani nyowani ichagadzirwa nemutengo wevanofambisa telecom, vanozofanira kuisa nekuchengetedza michina ivo pachavo.
Zvinonzi "nyaya dzekushanda uye kuvandudzwa kwezvivakwa izvi hazvina kudzorwa, kusanganisira maererano nerutsigiro rwemari yezvirongwa izvi, pamwe nemhosva yekukuvadza kunokonzerwa nekutadza kushanda kwematanho ekutaurirana kunokonzerwa nekushanda. yezvivakwa izvi, kusanganisira kune vechitatu mapato. "
Chete pakati paKurume gore rapfuura iyo Federation Council yakakurudzira . Nekudaro, rimwe gwaro rakaendeswa kune vemitemo kuti vatariswe nekugadziriswa kwemuripo kubva mubhajeti yemitengo yevashandisi yekushandira michina yekuitwa kwayo. Pamusoro pezvo, vanopa vanozosunungurwa kubva pamhosva yekutadza kwetiweki kune vanyoreri kana chikonzero chekutadza uku chiri michina mitsva.
"Sezvo michina yehunyanzvi yakarongwa kuiswa ichatengwa kubva mubhajeti, kuchengetedza kwemidziyo iyi kunofanirwawo kubhadharwa kubva kumari yebhajeti," akadaro Senator Lyudmila Bokova, munyori-mubatanidzwa wezvigadziriswa.
Mari iyi ichanyanya kushandiswa kuisa iyo DPI system (Deep Packet Inspection), iyo yakagadzirwa paRDP.RU. Roskomnadzor yakasarudza michina kubva kukambani iyi mushure mekuita bvunzo kubva kune vanomwe vakasiyana vagadziri veRussia.
"Zvichienderana nemhedzisiro yekuedzwa paRostelecom network gore rapfuura, iyo DPI system kubva kuRDP.RU yakagamuchira, sekutaura, "pass." Regulators vaive nemimwe mibvunzo nezvazvo, asi zvakazara sisitimu yakabudirira kuyedza. Naizvozvo, handishamiswe kuti vakasarudza kuita bvunzo pamwero mukuru. Uye zviise pamanetiweki evamwe vashandisi, " .
Scheme yekushanda kweDPI sefa ()
DPI system isoftware uye hardware yakaoma iyo inoongorora zvikamu zvepaketi yedata inopfuura nepanetiweki. Zvikamu zvepaketi musoro, nzvimbo uye kero yekutumira, uye muviri. Ichi ndicho chikamu chekupedzisira icho DPI system ichaongorora. Kana kare Roskomnadzor akatarisa chete kero yekuenda, ikozvino kuongorora siginecha kuchave kwakakosha. Kuumbwa kwemuviri wepakeji kunofananidzwa neyakajairwa - inozivikanwa Telegraph package, semuenzaniso. Kana mutambo wacho uri pedyo neimwe, pakiti inoraswa.
Iyo yakapfava DPI traffic kusefa system inosanganisira:
- Network makadhi ane Bypass modhi, iyo inobatanidza mainterface padanho rekutanga. Kunyangwe simba revhavha rikamira kamwe kamwe, chinongedzo pakati pemachiteshi chinoramba chichishanda, ichipfuura traffic uchishandisa bhatiri simba.
- Monitoring system. Inotarisa kure kure network zviratidzo uye inoaratidza pachiratidziro.
- Maviri emagetsi emagetsi anogona kutsiva mumwe nemumwe kana zvichidikanwa.
- Madhiraivha maviri akaomarara, imwe kana maviri processors.
Mutengo weRDP.RU system hauzivikanwe, asi yedunhu-chiyero DPI yakaoma ine ma routers, hubs, maseva, nzira dzekutaurirana uye zvimwe zvinhu. Michina yakadaro haigoni kuva yakachipa. Uye kana iwe uchifunga kuti DPI inoda kuiswa nemupi wega wega (ese marudzi ekukurukurirana) pane imwe neimwe yakakosha nzvimbo yekukurukurirana munyika yose, ipapo 20 bhiriyoni rubles inogona kunge isiri iyo muganhu.
Vafambisi venhare vanotora chikamu sei mukuzadzikiswa kwebhiri iri?
Vashandi vachaisa michina ivo pachavo. Vanewo basa rekushanda nekugadzirisa. Vanofanira:
- gadzirisa mafambiro emashoko ekufonera pakukumbira kwehurumende yemubatanidzwa;
- kugadzirisa mazita emazita, shandisa maseva anoshanda munharaunda yeRussian Federation;
- kupa ruzivo mumhando yemagetsi nezvekero yetiweki yevanyoreri uye kudyidzana kwavo nevamwe vanyoreri, pamwe neruzivo nezve nzira dzemameseji ekufonera kune federal executive body.
Inotanga rini?
Nenguva isipi. Pakupera kwaKurume 2019, Roskomnadzor yakakoka vashandisi kubva kuBig Four kuti vaedze Runet ye "uchangamire." Nhaurirano dzenhare dzichava rudzi rwenzvimbo yekuyedza ye "autonomous Runet" mukuita. Iko kuyedzwa hakuzove kwepasirese; bvunzo dzichaitwa mune imwe yematunhu eRussia.
Munguva yekuyedzwa, vashandisi vanoyedza yakadzika traffic kusefa (DPI) michina yakagadziriswa nekambani yeRussia RDP.RU. Chinangwa chekuyedza kutarisa kushanda kweiyo pfungwa. Panguva imwecheteyo, vafambisi venhare vakakumbirwa kupa Roskomnadzor ruzivo nezve chimiro chetiweki yavo. Izvi zvinodikanwa kuti usarudze dunhu rekuongororwa uye kuziva . Nharaunda ichasarudzwa mukati memavhiki mashomanana mushure mekugamuchira data kubva kune vashandi.
DPI midziyo ichaita kuti zvikwanise kutarisa kunaka kwekuvhara zviwanikwa uye masevhisi anorambidzwa muRussian Federation, kusanganisira Telegraph. Uyezve, ivo vanozoedzawo kudzikisira kumhanya kwekuwana kune zvimwe zviwanikwa (semuenzaniso, Facebook neGoogle). Vamiriri vedzimba havagutsikane nenyaya yekuti makambani ese ari maviri anogadzira huwandu hwakakosha hwetraffic pasina kuisa chero chinhu mukuvandudza kweRussia network network. Iyi nzira inodaidzwa kuti traffic prioritization.
"Uchishandisa DPI, unogona kunyatso kukoshesa traffic uye kuderedza kumhanya kwekuwana YouTube kana chero imwe sosi. Muna 2009-2010, apo kufarirwa kwematorrent trackers kwakawedzera, vazhinji vanofambisa telecom vakazvigadzika DPI chaizvo kuitira kuti vaone p2p traffic uye vaderedze kumhanya kwekudhawunirodha panzizi, sezvo nzira dzekutaurirana dzaisakwanisa kumirisana nemutoro wakadaro. Saka vashandisi vatove neruzivo mukukanganisa mamwe marudzi emotokari, "anodaro Diphost CEO Philip Kulin.
Ndeapi matambudziko uye matambudziko ane chirongwa?
Pamusoro pekudhura kwechirongwa ichi, kune mamwe matambudziko akati wandei. Iyo huru ndeyekushaikwa kwekuvandudzwa kwegwaro pa "autonomous RuNet" pachayo. Vatori vemusika uye nyanzvi vanotaura pamusoro peizvi. Mapoinzi mazhinji haana kujeka, uye mamwe haana kuratidzwa zvachose (senge, semuenzaniso, kwakabva mari yekushandisa zvakatemwa bhiri).
Kana, pakuunza hurongwa hutsva, vashandi vanosangana nematambudziko, kureva kuti, Indaneti inokanganiswa, ipapo hurumende inofanira kubhadhara vashandi nezve 124 bhiriyoni rubles pagore. Iyi imari yakawanda yemari yebhajeti reRussia.
Mutungamiri weRussian Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs (RSPP), Alexander Shokhin, akatotumira tsamba kuState Duma Mutauriri Vyacheslav Volodin, umo akaratidza kuti. .
Source: www.habr.com