Zvishoma nezve "sainzi yekombuta" yechikoro yaive yakaita sei kuma90s, uye nei vese vaigadzira ipapo vaive vakazvidzidzisa voga.
Izvo vana vakadzidziswa kuronga
Mukutanga 90s, zvikoro zveMoscow zvakatanga kusarudzwa nemakirasi emakombiyuta. Makamuri acho akabva aiswa masimbi pamafafitera negonhi rinorema resimbi. Kubva pane imwe nzvimbo, mudzidzisi wesayenzi yekombuta akaonekwa (aiita semukomredhi akakosha mushure memutungamiriri), iro basa guru raive kuve nechokwadi chekuti hapana akabata chero chinhu. Hapana zvachose. Kunyangwe musuwo wepamberi.
Mumakirasi munhu aiwanzowana BK-0010 (mune marudzi ayo) neBK-0011M masisitimu.
Mufananidzo wakatorwa
Vana vakaudzwa nezve chimiro chakazara, pamwe neanosvika gumi nemaviri BASIC mirairo kuitira kuti vakwanise kudhirowa mitsara uye madenderedzwa pachiratidziri. Kumagiredhi ejuniya nepakati, izvi zvimwe zvaive zvakakwana.
Paiva nemamwe matambudziko nekuchengetedza zvisikwa zvemunhu (zvirongwa). Kazhinji, makomputa anoshandisa mono-channel controllers akasanganiswa kuita network ine "common bhazi" topology uye yekumhanyisa kumhanya kwe57600 baud. Sezvo mutemo, paingova nedhisiki imwe chete, uye zvinhu zvaiwanzoshata nazvo. Dzimwe nguva zvinoshanda, dzimwe nguva hazviiti, dzimwe nguva mambure echando, dzimwe nguva floppy disk haiverengeki.
Ndakabva ndatakura chisikwa ichi chine simba re360 kB.
Mikana yekuti ndaizowana chirongwa changu kubva mairi zvakare yaive 50-70 muzana.
Nekudaro, dambudziko guru nenyaya idzi dzese nemakomputa eBC kwaive kutonhora kusingagumi.
Izvi zvinogona kuitika chero nguva, ingave yekunyora kodhi kana kuita chirongwa. Sistimu yechando yaireva kuti wakapedza maminetsi makumi mana nemashanu pasina, nekuti... Ndaifanira kuita zvinhu zvose zvakare, asi nguva yechidzidzo yakasara yakanga isisina kukwana kune izvi.
Pedyo na1993, mune zvimwe zvikoro nelyceums, makirasi enguva dzose ane motokari 286 akaoneka, uye mune dzimwe nzvimbo kwakanga kune kunyange matatu rubles. Mukutaura kwemitauro yepurogiramu, pane zvingasarudzwa zviviri: apo "BASIC" yakapera, "Turbo Pascal" yakatanga.
Kuronga mu "Turbo Pascal" uchishandisa muenzaniso we "matangi"
Vachishandisa Pascal, vana vakadzidziswa kugadzira zvishwe, kudhirowa marudzi ese emabasa, uye kushanda nehurongwa. Pa physics uye mathematics lyceum, kwandaka "gara" kwechinguva, vaviri vakaroorana pavhiki vakagoverwa kusayenzi yekombuta. Uye kwemakore maviri pakanga paine nzvimbo inofinha iyi. Ehe, ini ndaida kuita chimwe chinhu chakakomba pane kuratidza kukosha kweiyo array kana imwe mhando ye sinusoid pachiratidziri.
Matangi
Hondo Guta yaive imwe yemitambo yakakurumbira paNES clone consoles (Dendy, nezvimwewo).
Muna 1996, mukurumbira we8-bits wakanga wapfuura, vakanga vatora nguva yakareba vachiunganidza guruva mumakamuri, uye zvakaratidzika kwandiri kuti ndiite clone ye "Tanks" yePC sechinhu chikuru. Zvinotevera ndezvekuti kumashure kwaidiwa kunzvenga sei kunyora chimwe chinhu chine mifananidzo, mbeva uye ruzha paPascal.
Iwe unogona chete kudhirowa zvimiti uye madenderedzwa
Ngatitangei nemifananidzo.
Mune yayo yekutanga vhezheni, Pascal akakubvumidza iwe kudhirowa mamwe maumbirwo, pendi uye kuona mavara emapoinzi. Maitirwo epamusoro-soro muGrafu module anotiswededza pedyo nemasprites ari GetImage uye PutImage. Nerubatsiro rwavo, zvaigoneka kutora chikamu chechidzitiro munzvimbo yakambochengeterwa ndangariro uye wozoshandisa chidimbu ichi semufananidzo webitmap. Mune mamwe mazwi, kana iwe uchida kushandisa zvakare zvimwe zvinhu kana mifananidzo pachiratidziro, iwe unotanga wadhirowa, kukopa kundangariro, kudzima skrini, dhirowa rinotevera, uye zvichingodaro kudzamara wagadzira raibhurari yaunoda mundangariro. Sezvo zvese zvichiitika nekukurumidza, mushandisi haacherechedze aya manomano.
Yekutanga module pakashandiswa sprites yaive mepu mupepeti.
Yaiva nenhandare yakanyorwa. Kudzvanya mbeva kwakaunza menyu kwaunogona kusarudza chimwe chezvipingamupinyi zvina sarudzo. Kutaura kwembeva...
Mbeva yatova kupera kwema90s
Ehe, munhu wese aive nemakonzo, asi kusvika pakati pe-90s aishandiswa chete mukati Windows 3.11, graphics mapakeji, uye nhamba shoma yemitambo. Wolf uye Doom zvairidzwa chete nekhibhodi. Uye munharaunda yeDOS mbeva yakanga isinganyanyi kudiwa. Naizvozvo, Borland haina kana kusanganisira iyo mbeva module mune yakajairwa package. Waitofanira kumutsvaka kuburikidza nevazivikanwi vako, avo vakasimudza maoko avo ndokudanidzira mukupindura kuti, βMunomudei?
Nekudaro, kutsvaga module yekuvhota mbeva inongova hafu yehondo. Kuti udzvanye pamabhatani epa-screen negonzo, aifanira kudhonzwa. Uyezve, mumashanduro maviri (akadzvanywa uye asina kudzvanywa). Bhatani risina kudzvanywa rine chiedza chepamusoro nemumvuri pasi paro. Kana ikadzvanywa, ndiyo imwe nzira. Uye wozodhirowa pachiratidziro katatu (kwete kudzvanywa, kudzvanywa, uye kwete kudzvanywa zvakare). Uyezve, usakanganwa kuseta kunonoka kwekuratidzira, uye kuviga chitubu.
Semuenzaniso, kugadzirisa iyo huru menyu mukodhi yaitaridzika seizvi:
Inzwi - PC Mutauri chete
Imwe nyaya ine ruzha. Mukutanga kwemakumi mapfumbamwe, maSound Blaster clones aingogadzirira kufora kwavo kwekukunda, uye maapplication mazhinji aingoshanda nemutauri akavakirwa-mukati. Iyo yakawanda yekugona kwayo ndeyekubereka panguva imwe chete yetoni imwe chete. Uye ndizvo chaizvo izvo Turbo Pascal akakubvumidza kuti uite. Kuburikidza nemaitiro ezwi zvaive zvichikwanisika "kusvina" nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana, izvo zvakakwana kune kurira kwepfuti uye kuputika, asi kune muchengeti wemimhanzi, sezvaive mufashoni panguva iyoyo, izvi zvakanga zvisina kukodzera. Nekuda kweizvozvo, mhinduro yehungwaru yakawanikwa: mudura resoftware, "exe file" yakawanikwa, yakatorwa kamwe kubva kune imwe BBS. Aigona kuita zvishamiso - kuridza uncompressed wavs kuburikidza nePC Mutauri, uye akazviita kubva kumutsetse wekuraira uye akange asina chaiyo interface. Chaingodiwa kwaive kuidaidza kuburikidza nePascal exec maitiro uye kuve nechokwadi chekuti kuvakwa uku hakuna kuparara.
Nekuda kweizvozvo, mumhanzi wemhondi wakaonekwa pascreensaver, asi chinhu chinosetsa chakaitika nacho. Muna 1996, ndaiva negadziriro paPentium 75, yakanyura kusvika ku90. Zvose zvakashanda pairi. Kuyunivhesiti uko Pascal akaiswa kwatiri mumesita yechipiri, maiva neβmaruble matatuβ akanyatsopfekwa mukirasi. Nokubvumirana nomudzidzisi, ndakaendesa matangi aya kuchidzidzo chechipiri kuti ndiwane bvunzo uye ndisaendako zvakare. Uye saka, mushure mekutangwa, ruzha rukuru rwakasanganiswa neruzha rwepamupamwoyo rwakabuda mumukurukuri. Kazhinji, iyo 33-megahertz DX "kadhi-matatu-ruble" yakave isingakwanise kupuruzira "inogona kuitika" yakafanana. Asi kana zvisina kudaro zvese zvaive zvakanaka. Ehe, kusaverengera kunonoka kiibhodhi kuvhota, iyo yakashatisa iyo yose gameplay, zvisinei nePC kuita.
Asi dambudziko guru harisi muna Pascal
Mukunzwisisa kwangu, "Matangi" ndiwo akakwira anogona kusvinwa kunze kweTurbo Pascal pasina kuiswa kwegungano. Kukanganisa kuri pachena kwechigadzirwa chekupedzisira kunonoka kuvhota kwekhibhodi uye kunonoka kwemifananidzo. Mamiriro acho akawedzerwa nehuwandu hushoma hwemaraibhurari ebato rechitatu uye mamodule. Vaigona kuverengwa paminwe yeruoko rumwe.
Asi chakanyanya kundishungurudza inzira yedzidzo yekuchikoro. Hapana aiudza vana panguva iyoyo nezvezvakanakira uye zvinogoneka zvemimwe mitauro. Mukirasi, vanenge pakarepo vakatanga kutaura kutanga, println uye kana, iyo yakakiyiwa vadzidzi mukati BASIC-Pascal paradigm. Mimwe mitauro iyi miviri inogona kutorwa seyedzidzo chete. Kushandisa kwavo "kurwa" chinhu chisingawanzoitiki.
Sei kudzidzisa vana mitauro yemanyepo chinhu chakavanzika kwandiri. Ngavawedzere kuona. Rega misiyano yeBASIC ishandiswe pano nepapo. Asi, chero zvipi zvazvo, kana munhu akasarudza kubatanidza ramangwana rake nepurogiramu, achafanira kudzidza mimwe mitauro kubva pakutanga. Saka nei vana vasingafanire kupihwa mabasa akafanana edzidzo, asi pachikuva chakajairwa (mutauro), mavanogona kuenderera mberi nekuzvimiririra?
Kutaura nezvemabasa. Kuchikoro uye kukoreji vaigara abstract: kuverenga chimwe chinhu, kuvaka basa, dhirowa chimwe chinhu. Ndakadzidza kuzvikoro zvitatu zvakasiyana, uye takanga tine "Pascal" mugore rekutanga rechikoro, uye hapana kana vadzidzisi vakamboita chero dambudziko rakashandiswa. Semuenzaniso, ita bhuku rekunyorera kana chimwe chinhu chinobatsira. Zvese zvaive kure. Uye kana munhu apedza mwedzi achigadzirisa matambudziko asina chinhu, izvo zvino zvinozopinda mumarara ... Kazhinji, vanhu vatosiya sangano rakatsva.
Nenzira, mugore rechitatu reyunivhesiti imwe chete, takapiwa "pluses" purogiramu. Zvaiita sechinhu chakanaka, asi vanhu vakanga vaneta, vakazara nenhema uye "kudzidzira" mabasa. Hapana akafarira senguva yekutanga.
PS Ndakatsvaga nezve mitauro yava kudzidziswa mumakirasi esainzi emakombuta muzvikoro. Zvese zvakafanana ne25 makore apfuura: Basic, Pascal. Python inouya mune sporadic inclusions.
Source: www.habr.com