Vakomana vanobva kuMissouri
Joseph Carl Robert Licklider akaita fungidziro yakasimba pavanhu. Kunyange mumakore ake okutanga, asati atanga kushandisa makombiyuta, aiva nenzira yokujekesa nayo chero chinhu chipi zvacho kuvanhu.
"Lick pamwe ndiye ane njere dzandati ndamboziva," William McGill akazozivisa mubvunzurudzo yakanyorwa nguva pfupi mushure mekufa kwaLicklider muna 1997. McGill akatsanangura mubvunzurudzo iyoyo kuti akatanga kusangana naLick paakapinda kuHarvard University se psychology. akapedza kudzidza muna 1948: “Pese pandaiuya kuna Lick neuchapupu hwehukama hwemasvomhu, ndakaona kuti aitoziva nezvehukama uhwu. Asi haana kuzvigadzirisa zvakadzama, aingo... aizviziva. Aigona neimwe nzira kumiririra kuyerera kweruzivo, uye kuona hukama hwakasiyana uhwo vamwe vanhu vaingobata zviratidzo zvemasvomhu vaisaona. Zvaishamisa zvekuti akazove akavanzika kwatiri tese: Face inoita sei izvi? Anoona sei zvinhu izvi?
"Kutaura naLeake nezvedambudziko," akawedzera McGill, akazoshanda semutungamiri weColumbia University, "kwakawedzera njere dzangu nemapoinzi makumi matatu eIQ."
(Tinotenda Stanislav Sukhanitsky nokuda kweshanduro; chero munhu anoda kubatsira neshanduro - nyora mumeseji yako kana email [email inodzivirirwa])
Lick akaita murangariro wakadzama zvakafanana pana George A. Miller, uyo akatanga kutanga kushanda naye paHarvard Psycho-Acoustic Laboratory mukati meHondo Yenyika II. "Lick aive 'American Boy' wechokwadi - murefu, akanaka anotaridzika blond aive akanaka pane zvese." Miller aizonyora izvi makore mazhinji gare gare. "Kuchenjera uye kusika, uye zvakare mutsa usina tariro - pawakanga wakanganisa, Face yakatendesa munhu wese kuti wataura joke rakanyanyisa. Aida majee. Ndangariro dzangu zhinji ndedzekutaura kwake zvinhu zvisina basa, kazhinji kubva pane zvaakasangana nazvo, achibata maoko nebhodhoro reCoca-Cola muruoko rumwe. "
Zvaisaita sekuti aiparadzanisa vanhu. Nepo Lick ainyatsoratidza hunhu hweMissourian, hapana aigona kuramba kunyemwerera kwake kwedivi; wese waakataura naye akanyemwererawo. Akatarisa nyika ine zuva uye ine hushamwari, uye akaona munhu wese waakasangana naye semunhu akanaka. Uye zvaiwanzoshanda.
Aive murume weMissouri, mushure mezvose. Iro zita pacharo rakatanga zvizvarwa zvakapfuura muAlsac-Lorrain, dhorobha raive kumuganhu weFrance neGerman, asi mhuri yake kumativi ese yaigara muMissouri kubva Hondo Yenyika isati yasvika. Baba vake, Joseph Licksider, aive mukomana wekumaruwa kubva pakati penyika, achigara pedyo neguta reSedalia. Joseph airatidzawo kuva jaya rine chipo uye simba. Muna 1885, mushure mokunge baba vake vafa mutsaona ine chokuita nebhiza, Joseph ane makore gumi nemaviri akatora mutoro wemhuri. Achiziva kuti iye, amai vake, nehanzvadzi yake vaisagona kutarisira purazi vari voga, akavatamisa vose kuSt. Louis ndokutanga kushanda pachiteshi chezvitima chomunzvimbomo kutozosvikira aendesa hanzvadzi yake kuchikoro chesekondari nekoreji. Mushure mokunge aita izvi, Joseph akaenda kunodzidza kune imwe kambani inoshambadzira kuti adzidze kunyora nekugadzira. Uye paakawana hunyanzvi muhunyanzvi uhu, akachinjira kuita inishuwarenzi, akazova mutengesi akahwina mubairo uye mukuru weSaint Louis Chamber of Commerce.
Panguva imwecheteyo, pamusangano wemumutsiridzi weBaptist, Joseph Licklider akabata ziso raMuzvare Margaret Robnett. “Ndakamutarisa,” akadaro gare gare, “ndikanzwa inzwi rake rinotapira richiimba mukwaya, uye ndakaziva kuti ndakanga ndawana mukadzi wandaida.” Akabva atanga kukwira chitima kuenda kupurazi revabereki vake kupera kwevhiki kwega kwega, achida kumuroora. Akabudirira. Mwana wavo mumwe chete akaberekerwa muSt. Louis musi waMarch 11, 1915. Akanzi Josefa mushure mebaba vake naCarl Robnett mushure mehanzvadzi yaamai vake.
Kutaridzika kwezuva kwemwana kwainzwisisika. Joseph naMargaret vakanga vakura zvakakwana zvokuva vabereki vomwana wokutanga, iye ipapo aiva namakumi mana namaviri uye iye makumi matatu namana, uye vakanga vakaoma zvikuru munhau dzorudzidziso nomufambiro wakanaka. Asi vaivawo murume nomudzimai vane ushamwari, vane rudo vaifarira mwana wavo uye vaigara vachimupemberera. Vamwe vakaita zvimwe chetezvo: Robnett muduku, sezvavaimudana pamusha, akanga asiri iye oga mwanakomana, asiwo muzukuru mumwe chete pamativi ose emhuri. Sezvaaikura, vabereki vake vakamukurudzira kutora zvidzidzo zvepiyano, zvidzidzo zvetenisi, uye chero chipi zvacho chaakatora, kunyanya mundima yenjere. Uye Robnett haana kuvaodza mwoyo, akura kuita murume akajeka, ane simba ane moyo wekuseka, kuda kuziva kusingagutsikane, uye rudo rusingaperi rwezvinhu zvehunyanzvi.
Paaiva nemakore gumi nemaviri, semuenzaniso, iye, semumwe mukomana wese muSaint Louis, akawana chido chekuvaka ndege dzemhando. Zvichida izvi zvakakonzerwa nekukura kweindasitiri yekugadzira ndege muguta rake. Zvichida nekuda kwaLindbergh, achangobva kuita rwendo ari ega pasi rose achiyambuka Atlantic Ocean ari mundege inonzi Mweya waSaint Louis. Kana kuti pamwe nekuti ndege dzaive zvinoshamisa zveruzivo rwechizvarwa. Izvo hazvina basa - vakomana veSaint Louis vaive vakapenga vagadziri vendege. Uye hapana aigona kuvagadzira zvakare zvirinani kupfuura Robnett Licklider. Abvumirwa nevabereki vake, akachinja kamuri rake kuita chimwe chinhu chaiita sebasa rokutema miti yebharisa. Akatenga mifananidzo uye zvirongwa zvendege, uye akadhirowa madhayagiramu akadzama endege pachake. Akaveza mazango ematanda ebharisamu nokungwarira kunorwadza. Uye akarara usiku hwose achiisa zvimedu pamwe chete, achivhara mapapiro nemuviri mu cellophane, achipenda zvikamu zvechokwadi, uye pasina mubvunzo achienda zvishoma nepamusoro nemuenzaniso wendege. Aizvigona zvekuti imwe company kit yakamubhadharira kuti aende kunoona air show muIndianapolis kuti aratidze madzibaba nevanakomana ikoko kuti mamodheru acho aigadzirwa sei.
Uye zvino, sezvo nguva yakasvika yekuzvarwa kwake kwakakosha kwegumi nematanhatu, zvaaifarira zvakachinjira kumotokari. Kwakanga kusiri kuda kushandisa michina, aida kunyatsonzwisisa magadzirirwo nekushanda kwayo. Naizvozvo vabereki vake vakamubvumira kutenga motokari isina chinhu, chero bedzi akanga asina kuityaira kupfuura mugwagwa wavo wakareba, unomonereka.
Robnett muduku akatora rutivi nomufaro ndokubatanidzazve muchina uyu wezviroto nguva nenguva, achitanga neinjini uye nguva imwe neimwe achiwedzera chikamu chitsva kuti aone zvakaitika: “Zvakanaka, aya ndiwo mashandiro azvinoita.” Margaret Licklider, afadzwa nenyanzvi iyi yeruzivo rwokugadzira zvinhu, akamira pedyo naye paaishanda pasi pemotokari ndokumutambidza makiyi aaida. Akagamuchira rezinesi rekutyaira musi waKurume 11, 1931, zuva rekuzvarwa kwake gumi nematanhatu. Uye mumakore akatevera, akaramba kubhadhara mari inodarika madhora makumi mashanu pamotokari, zvisinei kuti yakanga yakaita sei, aigona kuigadzira uye kuita kuti ityaire. (Akatarisana nehasha dzekukwira kwemitengo, akamanikidzwa kukwidza muganhu uyu kusvika kumadhora zana nemakumi mashanu)
Rob ane makore gumi nematanhatu, sekuzivikanwa kwaaive aita kune vaaidzidza navo, aive akareba, akanaka, ari mumhanyi muchitarisiko uye aine ushamwari, aine bvudzi rakacheneswa nezuva uye maziso eblue izvo zvakamupa kufanana kwakakosha naLindbergh pachake. Akatamba tennis yemakwikwi zvine hukasha (uye akaramba achitamba kusvika ava nemakore makumi maviri, paakakuvara zvakamutadzisa kutamba). Uye, hongu, aive netsika dzakanaka dzeMaodzanyemba. Akanga achisungirwa kuva nazvo: aigara akakomberedzwa nevakadzi vasina kunaka vanobva kumaodzanyemba. VanaLickliders vakagovera imba yekare uye hombe muUniversity City, sabhabhu yeYunivhesiti yeWashington, naamai vaJoseph, hanzvadzi yakaroorwa yaMargaret nababa vake, uye imwe hanzvadzi yaMargaret yakanga isina kuroorwa. Manheru ega ega sezvo Robnett aine makore mashanu, rakanga riri basa rake nerukudzo kukwazisana natete vake, kuvaperekedza kutafura yezvokudya, uye kubata mubhedha wavo sezvinoita murume. Kunyangwe akura, Leake aizivikanwa semurume ane ruremekedzo uye ane njere asingawanzo kukwidza inzwi nehasha, aigara akapfeka bhachi uye tayi yeuta kunyangwe kumba, uye aiona zvisingaite kugara pakapinda mukadzi mukamuri. .
Nekudaro, Rob Licklider akakurawo kuita murume wechidiki aive nemafungiro. Paakanga ari mukomana muduku zvikuru, maererano nenhau yaaigara achitaura gare gare, baba vake vakashanda somushumiri muchechi yavo yomunzvimbomo yeBaptist. Apo Josefa akanyengetera, basa romwanakomana wake rakanga riri rokupinda pasi pemakiyi enhengo ndokushandisa makiyi, achibetsera mutana weogani akanga asingagoni kuzviita ari oga. Mumwe musi weMugovera manheru manheru, Robnett paakanga ava kuda kurara pasi peogani, akanzwa baba vake vachichema kuungano yavo: "Imi munotsvaka ruponeso, simuka!", uye nekuda kweizvi, iye intuitively akasvetuka kutsoka dzake ndokurova. musoro wake pazasi makiyi enhengo . Pane kuti awane ruponeso, akaona nyeredzi.
Ichi chinoitika, Leak akadaro, chakamupa nzwisiso yokukurumidza mumutoo wesayenzi: Nguva dzose ngwarira sezvinobvira mubasa rako uye mukuzivisa kwako kutenda kwako.
Chikamu chetatu chezana remakore mushure mechiitiko ichi, hongu, hazvibviri kuwana kana Robnett wechidiki akadzidza chidzidzo ichi nekurovera mumakiyi. Asi kana tikaongorora budiriro yake mukati mehupenyu hwake hwakatevera, tinogona kutaura kuti zvirokwazvo akadzidza ichi chidzidzo kune imwe nzvimbo. Pasi pechishuvo chake chokungwarira chokuita zvinhu uye kuda kuziva kwake kusingadzoreki kwakanga kuri kushaikwa kweshiviriro yakakwana nokuda kwebasa rakashata, mhinduro dziri nyore, kana kuti mhinduro dzine maruva. Akaramba kugarisana nevamwe. Murume wechidiki uyo aizotaura nezve "Intergalactic Computer System" uye kubudisa mapepa enyanzvi ane mazita ekuti "System of Systems" uye "Frameless, Cordless Rat Shocker" yakaratidza pfungwa yaigara ichitsvaga zvinhu zvitsva uye mukutamba nguva dzose.
Aivewo nekamwe misikanzwa. Semuenzaniso, paakazopesana nehupenzi hwehurumende, haana kumbopikisa zvakananga; chitendero chokuti munyoro haaiti chiitiko chakanga chiri muropa rake. Aifarira kumukanganisa. Paakabatana neSigma Chi fraternity mugore rake rekutanga kuYunivhesiti yeWashington, akaudzwa kuti nhengo yega yega yehama yaifanirwa kutakura mhando mbiri dzefodya nguva dzese, kana mumwe mukuru wehama akakumbira. imwe panguva ipi zvayo yemasikati kana usiku. Asingave ari musvuti, akakurumidza kubuda ndokutenga midzanga yeEgipita yakashata zvikurusa yaaigona kuwana muSt. Hapana akamukumbira mudzanga mushure mazvo.
Munguvayi, kuramba kwake kusingagumi kugutswa nezvinhuwo zvake kwakamutungamirira kumibvunzo isingaperi pamusoro perevo youpenyu. Akachinjawo unhu hwake. Akanga ari “Robnett” kumba uye “Rob” kune vaaidzidza navo, asi zvino, sezviri pachena kuti asimbise chimiro chake chitsva somudzidzi wepakoreji, akatanga kuzvidana nezita rake repakati: “Ndishevedze Face.” Kubva ipapo, shamwari dzake dzekare chete dzaive neruzivo rwekuti "Rob Licklider" ndiani.
Pakati pezvinhu zvese zvaaigona kuita kukoreji, jaya Leake akasarudza kudzidza - aifara kukura senyanzvi mune chero chikamu cheruzivo uye pese Leake paainzwa mumwe munhu achifarira ndima itsva yekudzidza, aidawo kuedza. kudzidza nzvimbo iyi. Akaita hunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi mugore rake rekutanga ndokuzochinja kuita engineering. Akabva achinja kuita physics nemasvomhu. Uye, zvakanyanya kuvhiringidza, akavawo nyanzvi munyika chaiyo: pakupera kwegore rake rechipiri, mbavha dzakaparadza kambani yeinishuwarenzi yababa vake uye saka yakavhara, ichisiya Josefa asina basa uye mwanakomana wake asina kukwanisa kubhadhara mari yechikoro. Lik akamanikidzwa kusiya zvidzidzo zvake kwegore ndokuenda kunoshanda seweta muresitorendi yevatyairi. Raiva rimwe remabasa mashoma aigona kuwanikwa panguva yeKuderera Kukuru Kweupfumi. (Joseph Licklider, achipenga achangogara pamba akakombwa nevakadzi vekuMaodzanyemba, rimwe zuva akawana musangano wevaBaptist vekumaruwa vaida mushumiri; iye naMargaret vakapedza mazuva avo ose vachishumira chechi imwe neimwe, vachifara zvikuru. .) Apo Lick akazodzokera kukudzidzisa, achiuya nechido chisingaperi chaidiwa nokuda kwedzidzo yepamusoro, rimwe rebasa rake renguva isina kuzara rakanga riri rokutarisira mhuka dzokuedza mudhipatimendi repfungwa. Uye paakatanga kunzwisisa mhando dzekutsvagisa dzaiitwa nemapurofesa, akaziva kuti kutsvaga kwake kwapera.
Zvaakasangana nazvo yaive “physiological” psychology - iyi ndima yeruzivo panguva iyoyo yaive pakati pekukura kwayo. Mazuva ano, iyi ndima yeruzivo yakawana zita rakawanda rekuti neuroscience: inobata neiyo chaiyo, yakadzama kudzidza yehuropi nekushanda kwayo.
Chakanga chiri chirango chine midzi inodzokera kuzana ramakore rechi 19, apo masayendisiti akadai saThomas Huxley, mudziviriri anonyanya kusimba waDarwin, akatanga kupokana kuti maitiro, ruzivo, kufunga, uye kunyange kuziva zvaive nehwaro hwenyama hwaigara muuropi. Ichi chaive chinzvimbo chakasimba mumazuva iwayo, nekuti chaisakanganisa sainzi zvakanyanya sechitendero. Kutaura zvazviri, masayendisiti akawanda nevazivi mukutanga kwezana remakore rechigumi nemapfumbamwe vakaedza kukakavara kwete chete kuti uropi hunogadzirwa nezvinhu zvisingawanzoitiki, asi kuti zvinomiririra chigaro chepfungwa uye chigaro chemweya, kuputsa mitemo yose yefizikiki. Zvakacherechedzwa, zvisinei, zvakakurumidza kuratidza zvakapesana. Mukutanga kwa1861, ongororo yakarongeka yevarwere vakakuvadzwa uropi neFrench physiologist Paul Broca yakagadzira hukama hwekutanga pakati peimwe basa repfungwa-mutauro-uye imwe nzvimbo yehuropi: nzvimbo yekuruboshwe hemisphere ye. uropi hwava kunzi Broca's area. Pakasvika mavambo ezana ramakore rechi20, zvakanga zvava kuzivikanwa kuti uropi inhengo yemagetsi, ine simba rinopfuudzwa kupfurikidza nemabhiriyoni emasero matete, akafanana netambo anonzi neurons. Pakazosvika 1920, zvakasimbiswa kuti nzvimbo dzehuropi dzinoita hunyanzvi hwemotokari uye kubata dziri mumitsetse miviri yakaenzana yeneuronal tissue iri pamativi ehuropi. Zvaizivikanwa zvakare kuti nzvimbo dzinoita zvekuona dziri kuseri kwehuropi - zvinoshamisa, iyi ndiyo nzvimbo iri kure nemeso - nepo nzvimbo dzekunzwa dziripo uko pfungwa dzinofunga: mune yenguva lobe, kuseri kwe nzeve.
Asi kunyange basa iri rakanga rakaoma. Kubva panguva iyo Leake akasangana nendima yeruzivo iyi kumakore ekuma1930, vaongorori vakatanga kushandisa midziyo yemagetsi yakawedzera kuoma yaishandiswa nemakambani eredhiyo nenhare. Vachishandisa electroencephalography, kana kuti EEG, vaigona kuteerera kushanda kwemagetsi ehuropi, vachinyatsoverenga kubva kumadetector akaiswa mumusoro. Vesainzi vaigonawo kupinda mukati medehenya voisa kurudziro yakanyatsotsanangurwa kuuropi pachayo, vobva vayera kuti mhinduro yeneural inopararira sei kunzvimbo dzakasiyana dzetsinga. (Pakasvika 1950, ivo vaigona, kutaura idi, kunyandura ndokurava kushanda kwetsinga imwe chete.) Kupfurikidza nouyu muitiro, masayendisiti akakwanisa kuziva tsinga dzetsinga dzouropi noururami husina kumboitika. Muchidimbu, physiological psychologists vakatama kubva pakutanga kwezana ramakore rechi 19 chiratidzo chehuropi sechinhu chisinganzwisisike, kuenda kuchiratidzo chezana ramakore rechi20 chehuropi uko uropi hwaive chinhu chinozikanwa. Yakanga iri hurongwa hwekuoma kusingadaviriki, kunyatsojeka. Asi zvakadaro, yakanga iri hurongwa hwakanga husina kusiyana zvakanyanya kubva kune kuwedzera kuoma kwemagetsi maitiro ayo mafizikisi nemainjiniya aivaka mumarabhoritari avo.
Chiso chaiva kudenga. Physiological psychology yaive nezvese zvaaida: masvomhu, zvemagetsi, uye dambudziko rekududzira mudziyo wakaoma kunzwisisa - uropi. Akazvikanda mumunda, uye kuburikidza nemaitiro ekudzidza ayo, chokwadi, aangadai asina kufanoona, akatora nhanho yake yekutanga hofori akananga kuhofisi iyoyo paPentagon. Tichifunga nezve zvese zvakamboitika, kufarira kwekutanga kwaLick mune zvepfungwa kungangoita sekunge kusarudzika, kuregeredza, kuvhiringidza kune wemakore makumi maviri nemashanu kubva pasarudzo yake yekupedzisira yebasa resainzi yekombuta. Asi kutaura zvazviri, ruzivo rwake rwepfungwa rwakanga rwuri hwaro hwepfungwa yake yekushandisa makombiyuta. Muchokwadi, ese mapiyona esainzi yekombuta ezera rake akatanga mabasa avo mu1940s uye 1950s, aine mamiriro ezvidzidzo zvemasvomhu, fizikisi, kana engineering yemagetsi, iyo tekinoroji yakavatungamira kuisa pfungwa pakugadzira nekuvandudza gadget - kugadzira michina yakakura, nekukurumidza. , uye zvakavimbika. Leak yaive yakasarudzika pakuti akaunza kumunda ruremekedzo rwakadzama kune kugona kwevanhu: kugona kuona, kugadzirisa, kuita sarudzo, uye kutsvaga nzira nyowani dzekugadzirisa matambudziko aimbove asingagoneke. Semuongorori wepfungwa, akawana hunyanzvi uhu hwakaoma uye hunoremekedzwa sekugona kwemakomputa kuita algorithms. Uye ndosaka dambudziko rake chairo raive rekubatanidza makomputa nevanhu vaiashandisa, kushandisa simba rezvose zviri zviviri.
Chero zvazvingava, panguva ino nzira yekukura kwaLik yakanga yakajeka. Muna 1937, akapedza kudzidza kubva kuYunivhesiti yeWashington aine madhigirii matatu mufizikisi, masvomhu uye psychology. Akagara rimwe gore kuti apedze dhigirii rake repfungwa. (Chinyorwa chedhigirii rake ratenzi rakapiwa kuna “Robnett Licklider” zvichida rakanga riri rekodhi rokupedzisira rake kuoneka mukudhinda.) Uye muna 1938, akapinda mupurogiramu youdhigirii paYunivhesiti yeRochester muNew York, imwe yenzvimbo huru dzenyika. yekudzidza yedunhu rekunzwa reuropi, nzvimbo inotitaurira kuti tinofanira kunzwa sei.
Kubva kwaLeake kubva kuMissouri kwakakanganisa zvinopfuura kungochinja kero. Kwemakumi maviri emakore okutanga ehupenyu hwake, Lick akanga ari mwanakomana womuenzaniso kuvabereki vake, achipinda misangano yeBaptist nokutendeka katatu kana kana pavhiki. Zvisinei, abva pamba, tsoka yake haina kuzombodarika chikumbaridzo chechechi zvakare. Aisakwanisa kuudza vabereki vake izvi, achiziva kuti vaizorwadziwa zvikuru pavaizoziva kuti akanga asiya kutenda kwavaida. Asi akawana zvirambidzo zvehupenyu hweSouthern Baptist zvichidzvinyirira zvisingaite. Zvinotonyanya kukosha, haaigona kutaura kutenda kwaasina kunzwa. Sezvaakazocherekedza, paakabvunzwa nezvemanzwiro ake aakawana pamisangano yeminyengetero, akapindura kuti, “Hapana chandakanzwa.”
Kana zvinhu zvakawanda zvachinja, chinhu chimwe chete chakasara: Leake aive nyeredzi mudhipatimendi repfungwa paWashington University, uye aive nyeredzi kuRochester. Kune yake PhD thesis, akaita mepu yekutanga yechiitiko cheuronal munzvimbo yekunzwa. Kunyanya, akacherekedza matunhu ane huvepo hwaive hwakakosha kusiyanisa pakati pemanzwi akasiyana, kugona kwakakosha kunobvumira munhu kusiyanisa mutinhimira wemimhanzi. Uye akazove nyanzvi yakadaro muvacuum tube-based electronics - tisingatauri kuva muroyi chaiye pakugadzirisa zvidzidzo - zvekuti kunyange purofesa wake akauya kuzomubvunza.
Lick akazvisiyanisawo paSwarthmore College, kunze kweFiladelphia, kwaakashanda se postdoctoral shamwari mushure mekugamuchira PhD yake muna 1942. Munguva yake pfupi pakoreji iyi, akaratidza kuti, zvinopesana neGestalt theory, maonero emashoko, magineti coils akaiswa kumativi ose. kumashure kwemusoro wenyaya hakukonzeri kukanganisa kwemaonero - zvisinei, vanoita kuti vhudzi remusoro rimire.
Pakazara, 1942 rakanga risiri gore rakanaka rehupenyu husina hanya. Basa raLick, senge revamwe vaongorori vasingaverengeki, rakanga rava kuda kutora shanduko inoshamisa.
Shanduro dzakagadzirira
Shanduro dzazvino dzaunokwanisa kubatana nadzo
Source: www.habr.com