SRE (Saiti Kuvimbika Injiniya) inzira yekuona kuwanikwa kwemapurojekiti ewebhu. Iyo inoonekwa sehurongwa hweDevOps uye inotaura nezve maitiro ekubudirira mukushandisa DevOps maitiro. Dudziro muchinyorwa chino mabhuku kubva kuGoogle. Ndakagadzirira shanduro iyi pachangu uye ndinovimba neruzivo rwangu pakunzwisisa maitiro ekuongorora. Muchiteshi cheteregiramu ΠΈ Ndakaburitsawo dudziro yeChitsauko 6 chebhuku rimwechete pamusoro pezvinangwa zvedanho rebasa.
Dudziro nekatsi. Nakidzwa nekuverenga!
Hazvigoneke kutonga sevhisi kana pasina kunzwisisa kuti ndezvipi zviratidzo zvine basa uye nzira yekuyera nekuzviongorora. Kuti izvi zviitike, tinotsanangura nekupa imwe nhanho yebasa kune vashandisi vedu, zvisinei nekuti vanoshandisa imwe yemukati maAPIs edu kana chigadzirwa cheruzhinji.
Isu tinoshandisa yedu intuition, ruzivo, uye kunzwisisa kwevashandisi chido chekunzwisisa Service Level Indicators (SLIs), Service Level Objectives (SLOs), uye Service Level Agreements (SLAs). Zviyero izvi zvinotsanangura mametrics makuru atinoda kutarisa uye kwatichaita kana tisingakwanise kupa hutano hunotarisirwa hwesevhisi. Pakupedzisira, kusarudza ma metrics akakodzera kunobatsira kutungamira zviito zvakanaka kana chimwe chinhu chikatadza, uye zvakare inopa timu yeSRE chivimbo muhutano hwesevhisi.
Ichi chitsauko chinotsanangura nzira yatinoshandisa kurwisa matambudziko ekuenzanisa metric, kusarudzwa kwemetric, uye metric ongororo. Yakawanda yetsananguro ichave isina mienzaniso, saka tichashandisa sevhisi yeShakespeare inotsanangurwa mumuenzaniso wayo wekuita (tsvaga mabasa aShakespeare) kuratidza pfungwa huru.
Sevhisi level terminology
Vaverengi vazhinji vangangove vakajairana nepfungwa yeSLA, asi mazwi anoti SLI neSLO anofanirwa netsanangudzo yakangwarira nekuti kazhinji izwi rekuti SLA rakaremerwa uye rine zvirevo zvakawanda zvinoenderana nemamiriro ezvinhu. Kuti zvive pachena, tinoda kupatsanura izvi zvakakosha.
Zviratidzo
Iyo SLI iratidziro yezinga rebasa-yakanyatsotsanangurwa chiyero chechikamu chimwe chedanho rebasa rakapihwa.
Kune akawanda masevhisi, kiyi SLI inoonekwa sekukumbira latency - zvinotora nguva yakareba sei kudzorera mhinduro kune chikumbiro. Mamwe maSLI akajairika anosanganisira mwero wekukanganisa, unowanzo kuratidzwa sechikamu chezvikumbiro zvese zvakagamuchirwa, uye system throughput, inowanzoyerwa mukukumbira pasekondi. Zviyero zvinowanzobatanidzwa: data mbishi rinotanga raunganidzwa rozoshandurwa kuita mwero wekuchinja, kureva, kana percentile.
Sezvineiwo, SLI inoyera zvakananga nhanho yebasa rekufarira, asi dzimwe nguva metric ine hukama chete inowanikwa pakuyera nekuti yekutanga inonetsa kuwana kana kududzira. Semuyenzaniso, mutengi-parutivi latency inowanzova yakanyatsokodzera metric, asi pane dzimwe nguva apo latency inogona kungoyerwa pasevha.
Imwe mhando yeSLI yakakosha kune SREs kuwanikwa, kana chikamu chenguva iyo sevhisi inogona kushandiswa. Kazhinji inotsanangurwa semwero wezvikumbiro zvakabudirira, dzimwe nguva zvinonzi goho. (Hupenyu hwese-mukana wekuti data ichachengetwa kwenguva yakareba-yakakoshawo kune masisitimu ekuchengetedza data.) Kunyangwe 100% kuwanikwa kusingagoneke, kuwanikwa kuri pedyo ne100% kunowanzo kuwanikwa; kukosha kwekuwanikwa kunoratidzwa se nhamba ye "nines" Β» chikamu chekuwanikwa. Semuenzaniso, 99% uye 99,999% kuwanikwa kunogona kunzi "2 nines" uye "5 nines". Google Compute Engine yazvino yakataurwa chinangwa chekuwanika "mapfumbamwe nehafu" kana 99,95%.
Zvinangwa
Iyo SLO ibasa renhanho chinangwa: kukosha kwainotarirwa kana huwandu hwehuwandu hwesevhisi nhanho inoyerwa neSLI. Yakajairika kukosha kweSLO "SLI β€ Target" kana "Lower Limit β€ SLI β€ Upper Limit". Semuyenzaniso, isu tinogona kusarudza kuti tichadzosera Shakespeare mhinduro "nekukurumidza" nekuseta iyo SLO kune avhareji yekutsvaga mubvunzo latency isingasviki 100 milliseconds.
Kusarudza iyo SLO chaiyo inzira yakaoma. Kutanga, haugone kugara uchisarudza kukosha chaiko. Zvekunze zvinouya zveHTTP zvikumbiro kune sevhisi yako, iyo Query Per Second (QPS) metric inotemerwa nechishuwo chevashandisi vako kushanyira sevhisi yako, uye haugone kuseta SLO yeiyo.
Kune rimwe divi, unogona kutaura kuti iwe unoda avhareji latency yechikumbiro chega chega kuti ive isingasviki 100 milliseconds. Kuisa chinangwa chakadaro kunogona kukumanikidza kunyora kumberi kwako ne low latency kana kutenga michina inopa kudaro latency. (100 milliseconds zviri pachena kuti inhamba inopokana, asi zviri nani kuve nenhamba dzakaderera dzekunonoka. Pane humbowo hunoratidza kuti kukurumidza kumhanya kuri nani pane kunonoka, uye kuti latency mukugadzirisa zvikumbiro zvevashandisi pamusoro pehumwe hunhu hunomanikidza vanhu kuti vagare kure. kubva kubasa rako.)
Zvekare, izvi zvakatonyanya kujeka kupfuura zvingaite senge pakuona kwekutanga: haufanirwe kubvisa zvachose QPS kubva pakuverenga. Icho chokwadi ndechekuti QPS uye latency zvine hukama zvakanyanya kune mumwe nemumwe: yakakwirira QPS inowanzo tungamira kune yakakwira latencies, uye masevhisi anowanzo kuona kuderera kwakanyanya mukuita kana vasvika pane imwe mutoro wemutoro.
Kusarudza uye kuburitsa SLO inoseta zvinotarisirwa nemushandisi nezve maitirwo achaitwa sevhisi. Iri zano rinogona kuderedza zvichemo zvisina hwaro pamusoro pemuridzi webasa, sekunonoka kuita. Pasina SLO yakajeka, vashandisi vanowanzogadzira zvavanotarisira pamusoro pekuita kwavanoda, izvo zvingave zvisina chekuita nemafungiro evanhu vanogadzira uye kutonga sevhisi. Mamiriro ezvinhu aya anogona kutungamira kune tarisiro yakawedzera kubva kusevhisi, kana vashandisi vachitenda zvisizvo kuti sevhisi ichave inowanikwa zvakanyanya kupfuura zvariri chaizvo, uye kukonzera kusavimbana kana vashandisi vachitenda kuti sisitimu haina kuvimbika kupfuura zvayakaita.
Zvibvumirano
Chibvumirano chechikamu chesevhisi chibvumirano chakajeka kana chakajeka nevashandisi vako chinosanganisira mhedzisiro yekusangana (kana kusasangana) nemaSLOs aainawo. Migumisiro inonyanyozivikanwa kana iri yemari-mubhadharo kana faindi-asi inogona kutora mamwe maitiro. Nzira iri nyore yekutaura nezve musiyano uripo pakati peSLO neSLA ndeyekubvunza kuti "chii chinoitika kana maSLO akasasangana?" Kana pasina mhedzisiro yakajeka, unenge uchingotarisa SLO.
Iyo SRE kazhinji haina kubatanidzwa mukugadzira SLAs nekuti maSLA akanyatso sungirirwa kune bhizinesi uye zvigadzirwa sarudzo. Iyo SRE, zvisinei, inobatanidzwa mukubatsira kudzikisira mhedzisiro yekukundikana kweSLOs. Vanogonawo kubatsira kuziva SLI: Zviri pachena, panofanira kuva nenzira ine chinangwa yekuyera SLO muchibvumirano kana pachava nekusawirirana.
Kutsvaga paGoogle muenzaniso webasa rakakosha risina SLA yeruzhinji: tinoda kuti munhu wese ashandise Tsvakiridzo nemazvo, asi hatisati tasaina kondirakiti nenyika. Zvakadaro, pachine mhedzisiro kana kutsvaga kusipo - kusawanikwa kunokonzeresa kuderera kwemukurumbira wedu pamwe nekuderedzwa kwemari yekushambadza. Mamwe masevhisi mazhinji eGoogle, akadai seGoogle for Work, ane zvibvumirano zvepadanho rebasa rakajeka nevashandisi. Zvisinei nekuti imwe sevhisi ine SLA, zvakakosha kutsanangura iyo SLI neSLO uye nekuishandisa kubata basa.
Zvakawanda dzidziso - ikozvino kusangana.
Zviratidzo mukuita
Tichifunga kuti isu tagumisa kuti zvakakosha kusarudza mametric akakodzera kuyera nhanho yesevhisi, wava kuziva sei kuti ndeapi metrics akakosha sevhisi kana sisitimu?
Iwe nevashandisi vako mune hanya nezvei?
Iwe haufanire kushandisa ese metric seSLI yaunogona kuteedzera mune yekutarisa system; Kunzwisisa izvo vashandisi vanoda kubva kune system kuchakubatsira iwe kusarudza akati wandei metrics. Kusarudza zviratidzo zvakawandisa kunoita kuti zviome kutarisa pane zvakakosha zviratidzo, nepo kusarudza nhamba diki kunogona kusiya machunks makuru ehurongwa hwako asina kutarisirwa. Isu tinowanzo shandisa akati wandei makiyi zviratidzo kuongorora uye kunzwisisa hutano hwehurongwa.
Masevhisi anogona kupatsanurwa kuita zvikamu zvakati wandei maererano neSLI zvine chekuita navo:
- Tsika yekumberi-yekupedzisira masisitimu, senge nzvimbo yekutsvaga yebasa reShakespeare kubva kumuenzaniso wedu. Vanofanira kunge varipo, vasina kunonoka uye vane bandwidth yakakwana. Naizvozvo, mibvunzo inogona kubvunzwa: tinogona kupindura kuchikumbiro here? Zvakatora nguva yakareba sei kupindura kuchikumbiro? Ndezvipi zvikumbiro zvinogona kugadziriswa?
- Zvirongwa zvekuchengetedza. Vanokoshesa yakaderera mhinduro latency, kuwanikwa, uye kusimba. Mibvunzo inoenderana: Zvinotora nguva yakareba sei kuverenga kana kunyora data? Tinogona here kuwana iyo data pakukumbira? Iyo data iripo patinenge tichiida here? Ona Chitsauko 26 Kuvimbika kweData: Zvaunoverenga Ndizvo Zvaunonyora kuti uwane hurukuro yenyaya idzi.
- Mahombe data masisitimu akadai semapaipi ekugadzirisa data anovimba nekupfuura uye mubvunzo kugadzirisa latency. Mibvunzo inoenderana: Yakawanda sei data inogadziriswa? Zvinotora nguva yakareba sei kuti data ifambe kubva pakugamuchira chikumbiro kusvika pakupa mhinduro? (Zvimwe zvikamu zvehurongwa zvinogona zvakare kuve nekunonoka mune mamwe matanho.)
Kuunganidzwa kwezviratidzo
Mazhinji masevhisi masevhisi maratidziro anowanzo kuunganidzwa padivi pesevha, uchishandisa yekutarisa system seBorgmon (ona pazasi). ) kana Prometheus, kana kungoongorora matanda nguva nenguva, kuzivisa mhinduro dzeHTTP dzine chimiro 500. Zvisineyi, mamwe masisitimu anofanirwa kuve akashongedzerwa nevatengi-side metrics collection, sezvo kushaikwa kweclient-side monitoring kunogona kutungamirira kushayikwa kwakawanda kwezvinetso zvinokanganisa. vashandisi, asi hazvikanganisi server-side metrics. Semuenzaniso, kutarisa kubackend mhinduro latency yeShakespeare yedu yekutsvaga bvunzo application inogona kukonzera latency kudivi remushandisi nekuda kweJavaScript nyaya: mune iyi kesi, kuyera kuti inotora nguva yakareba sei bhurawuza kugadzirisa peji iri nani metric.
Aggregation
Kuti zvive nyore uye nyore kushandisa, tinowanzo unganidza zviyero zvakabikwa. Izvi zvinofanira kuitwa nemazvo.
Mamwe ma metrics anoita seakapusa, sezvikumbiro pasekondi, asi kunyangwe iyi chiyero chakatwasuka chinosanganisa data nekufamba kwenguva. Kuyera kwacho kunotambirwa kamwechete pasekondi here kana kuti kuyerwa kwacho kuri pamusoro pehuwandu hwezvikumbiro paminiti? Iyo yekupedzisira sarudzo inogona kuvanza yakanyanya kukwirira nhamba yezvikumbiro zvinongotora masekonzi mashoma. Funga nezvehurongwa hunoshanda mazana maviri ekukumbira pasekondi ine kunyange manhamba uye 200 nguva yese. Kugara kuri muchimiro cheavhareji kukosha kwe0 zvikumbiro pasekondi uye kaviri mutoro wepakarepo haisi chinhu chimwe chete. Saizvozvo, avhareji yemubvunzo latency ingaite senge inoyevedza, asi inovanza yakakosha ruzivo: zvinogoneka kuti mizhinji mibvunzo inokurumidza, asi pachave nemibvunzo yakawanda inononoka.
Zviratidzo zvakawanda zvinoonekwa zviri nani sekugovera kwete mavhareji. Semuenzaniso, yeSLI latency, zvimwe zvikumbiro zvichagadziriswa nekukurumidza, nepo zvimwe zvichagara zvichitora nguva yakareba, dzimwe nguva zvakanyanya. Avhareji iri nyore inogona kuvanza kunonoka kwenguva refu uku. Huwandu hunoratidza muenzaniso: kunyangwe chikumbiro chakajairika chichitora 50 ms kushanda, 5% yezvikumbiro inononoka kakapetwa ka20! Kuongorora uye kunyevera kunobva chete paavhareji latency hakuratidzi shanduko mumaitiro zuva rese, nepo paine zvinoonekwa shanduko munguva yekugadzirisa yezvimwe zvikumbiro (yepamusoro mutsara).
50, 85, 95, uye 99 percentile system latency. Iyo Y axis iri mu logarithmic format.
Kushandisa mapercentiles kune zviratidzo zvinokutendera kuti uone chimiro chekugovera uye maitiro ayo: yakakwira percentile level, senge 99 kana 99,9, inoratidza kukosha kwakaipisisa, nepo 50 percentile (inozivikanwawo seyepakati) inoratidza iyo inowanzoitika iyo metric. Iyo yakakura kupararira kwenguva yekupindura, iyo yakawanda-yakareba zvikumbiro inokanganisa ruzivo rwemushandisi. Mhedzisiro inowedzerwa pasi pemutoro wakakwira uye pamberi pemitsetse. Tsvagiridzo yeruzivo rwemushandisi yakaratidza kuti vanhu vanowanzo farira inononoka sisitimu ine yakakwirira yekupindura nguva musiyano, saka zvimwe zvikwata zveSRE zvinongotarisa pane yakakwira percentile zvibodzwa, pane fungidziro yekuti kana maitiro emetric pa99,9 percentile akanaka, vashandisi vazhinji havazosangana nematambudziko. .
Cherechedza pane nhamba yezvikanganiso
Isu tinowanzo sarudza kushanda nepercentile pane kureva (arithmetic kureva) yemhando yehunhu. Izvi zvinotibvumira kuti titarise hunhu hwakapararira, hunowanzove hwakasiyana zvakanyanya (uye hunofadza) hunhu pane avhareji. Nekuda kwemaitiro ekugadzira emakomputa masisitimu, mametric values ββanowanzo kutsveyamiswa, zvekuti hapana chikumbiro chinogona kugamuchira mhinduro isingasviki 0 ms, uye nguva yekubuda kwe1000 ms zvinoreva kuti hapagone kuve nekubudirira mhinduro dzine hunhu hwakakura kupfuura. nguva yacho. Nekuda kweizvozvo, hatigone kubvuma kuti zvinoreva uye zvepakati zvinogona kufanana kana kuswedera kune mumwe nemumwe!
Pasina kuedzwa kusati kwaitwa, uye kunze kwekunge fungidziro dzakajairwa uye fungidziro dzakabata, tinongwarira kuti tisafunga kuti data redu rinowanzo kugoverwa. Kana kugovera kusiri sezvainotarisirwa, iyo otomatiki maitiro inogadzirisa dambudziko (semuenzaniso, kana ikaona kunze, inodzoreredza sevha neyakakura yekukumbira kugadzirisa latencies) inogona kunge ichizviita kakawanda kana kusawanzo kukwana (ese ari maviri asina kugona chose).
Misa zviratidzo
Isu tinokurudzira kuenzanisa hunhu hweSLI kuitira kuti usaite zvekufungidzira nezvavo nguva dzese. Chero chimiro chinogutsa mapatani akajairwa chinogona kusabatanidzwa kubva pane zvakatemwa zvemunhu SLI, semuenzaniso:
- Aggregation nguva: "avhareji pamusoro peminiti imwe"
- Aggregation nzvimbo: "Mabasa ese ari musumbu"
- Kangani kuyerwa kunotorwa: "Masekonzi gumi ese"
- Ndezvipi zvikumbiro zvinosanganisirwa: "HTTP GET kubva kublack box monitoring jobs"
- Mawanirwo anoitwa data: "Nekuda kwekutarisa kwedu kuyerwa pane server"
- Data yekuwana latency: "Nguva yekupedzisira byte"
Kuti uchengetedze kushanda nesimba, gadzira seti yezve inogona kushandiswa SLI matemplate kune yega yega metric yakajairika; vanoitawo kuti zvive nyore kuti munhu wese anzwisise zvinorehwa neimwe SLI.
Zvinangwa mukuita
Tanga nekufunga nezve (kana kutsvaga!) izvo vashandisi vako vane hanya nazvo, kwete zvaunogona kuyera. Kazhinji zvinotarisirwa nevashandisi vako zvakaoma kana kuti hazvigone kuyera, saka unopedzisira wava kuswedera kune zvavanoda. Nekudaro, kana ukangotanga nezviri nyore kuyera, unozopedzisira wava neashoma anobatsira maSLO. Nekuda kweizvozvo, isu dzimwe nguva takaona kuti pakutanga kuziva zvinangwa zvinoshuviwa uyezve kushanda nezviratidzo zvinoshanda zviri nani pane kusarudza zviratidzo uye nekuzadzisa zvinangwa.
Tsanangura zvinangwa
Kuti kujekeswe zvakanyanya, zvinofanirwa kutsanangurwa kuti maSLO anoyerwa sei uye nemamiriro aanoshanda. Semuenzaniso, tinogona kutaura zvinotevera (mutsara wechipiri wakafanana newokutanga, asi unoshandisa SLI defaults):
- 99% (yakaenzana pamusoro peminiti imwe) yeTora RPC mafoni anozopedza isingasviki 1ms (yakayerwa pamasevha ese ekumashure).
- 99% yeTora RPC mafoni anopedza isingasviki 100ms.
Kana chimiro chema curves ekuita chakakosha, unogona kutsanangura akawanda SLOs:
- 90% yeTora RPC mafoni anopedzwa isingasviki 1 ms.
- 99% yeTora RPC mafoni anopedzwa isingasviki 10 ms.
- 99.9% yeTora RPC mafoni anopedzwa isingasviki 100 ms.
Kana vashandisi vako vakagadzira mabasa akasiyana-siyana: kugadzirwa kwakawanda (kwakakosha kupinza) uye kupindirana kugadzirisa (iyo latency yakakosha), zvingave zvakakosha kutsanangura zvinangwa zvakasiyana zvekirasi yega yega yekutakura:
- 95% yezvikumbiro zvevatengi zvinoda throughput. Seta kuverenga kweRPC mafoni akaitwa <1 s.
- 99% yevatengi vane hanya nezve latency. Seta kuverenga kweRPC mafoni ane traffic <1 kB uye inomhanya <10 ms.
Hazvigoneki uye hazvidiwi kusimbirira kuti SLOs ichasangana 100% yenguva: izvi zvinogona kuderedza nhanho yekuunza hutsva hwekushanda uye kutumira, uye zvinoda zvinodhura mhinduro. Pane kudaro, zviri nani kubvumidza bhajeti yekukanganisa - iyo muzana yesystem yekudzikisa inobvumidzwa - uye tarisa kukosha uku zuva nezuva kana vhiki. Vatungamiriri vepamusoro vanogona kuda kuongororwa kwemwedzi kana katatu. (Iyo bhajeti yekukanganisa ingori SLO yekuenzanisa neimwe SLO.)
Iko muzana yekutyorwa kweSLO inogona kuenzaniswa nebhajeti yekukanganisa (ona Chitsauko 3 uye chikamu ), nehukoshi hwemusiyano hunoshandiswa sekuisa kune iyo nzira inosarudza nguva yekutumira zvitsva.
Kusarudza zvinotarisirwa kukosha
Kusarudza kuronga kukosha (SLOs) harisi basa rehunyanzvi nekuda kwechigadzirwa uye bhizinesi zvido zvinofanirwa kuratidzwa mumaSLI akasarudzwa, SLOs (uye pamwe maSLA). Saizvozvo, ruzivo rungangoda kuchinjana maererano nenyaya dzine chekuita nevashandi, nguva yemusika, kuwanikwa kwemidziyo, uye mari. SRE inofanirwa kuve chikamu chehurukuro iyi uye kubatsira kunzwisisa njodzi uye kugona kwesarudzo dzakasiyana. Tauya nemibvunzo mishoma inogona kubatsira kuona nhaurirano ine pundutso:
Usasarudza chinangwa chinoenderana nekuita kwazvino.
Nepo kunzwisisa kusimba nemiganhu yehurongwa kwakakosha, kugadzirisa metrics pasina kufunga kunogona kukuvharira kuchengetedza sisitimu: zvinoda hushingi kuedza kuzadzisa zvinangwa zvisingagone kuwanikwa pasina kurongeka kwakakosha.
Zvichengetedze zviri nyore
Yakaoma SLI kuverenga inogona kuvanza shanduko mukuita kwesystem uye kuita kuti zviome kuwana chikonzero chedambudziko.
Dzivisa mhedziso
Kunyangwe iri kuyedza kuve nehurongwa hunogona kubata mutoro unoramba uchikura pasina kuwedzera latency, ichi chinodiwa hachiite. Sisitimu inosvika pazvinangwa zvakadaro ingangoda nguva yakawanda kugadzira nekuvaka, ichave inodhura kushanda, uye ichanyanya kunaka kune zvinotarisirwa nevashandisi vangangoita chero chinhu chidiki.
Shandisa maSLO mashoma sezvinobvira
Sarudza huwandu hwakakwana hweSLO kuti uve nechokwadi chekufukidzwa kwakanaka kwemaitiro ehurongwa. Dzivirira maSLO aunosarudza: Kana iwe usingambokwanise kuhwina nharo pamusoro pezvakakosha nekutsanangura SLO chaiyo, pamwe hazvina kukodzera kufunga iyo SLO. Nekudaro, haazi ese masystem maitiro anogoneka kune SLOs: zvakaoma kuverenga mwero wekunakidzwa kwemushandisi uchishandisa maSLO.
Usadzingirira kukwana
Iwe unogona kugara uchinatsa tsananguro uye zvinangwa zveSLOs nekufamba kwenguva sezvaunodzidza zvakawanda nezve sisitimu maitiro ari pasi pemutoro. Zviri nani kutanga uine chinangwa chakayangarara chauchakwenenzvera nekufamba kwenguva pane kusarudza chinangwa chakanyanya kuomarara chinofanirwa kuregedzeka kana waona kuti hachisvikiki.
MaSLO anogona uye anofanirwa kuve mutyairi akakosha mukuisa pamberi pebasa reSRE uye vanogadzira zvigadzirwa nekuti vanoratidza kunetseka kwevashandisi. A yakanaka SLO chishandiso chinoshanda chekusimbisa timu yekusimudzira. Asi SLO isina kugadzirwa inogona kutungamira kubasa rekupambadza kana timu ikaita nhamburiko dzehugamba kuwana SLO ine hukasha, kana chigadzirwa chisina kunaka kana SLO yakadzikira. SLO isimbi ine simba, ishandise nehungwaru.
Dzora zviyero zvako
SLI uye SLO zvinhu zvakakosha zvinoshandiswa kubata masisitimu:
- Tarisa uye kuyera SLI masisitimu.
- Enzanisa SLI neSLO uye sarudza kana chiito chichidiwa.
- Kana chiito chichidiwa, funga kuti chii chinofanira kuitika kuti uwane chinangwa.
- Pedzisa chiito ichi.
Semuenzaniso, kana danho rechipiri richiratidza kuti chikumbiro chave kupera uye chichapwanya SLO mumaawa mashoma kana pasina chaitwa, danho rechitatu rinogona kusanganisira kuyedza fungidziro yekuti maseva akasungwa neCPU uye kuwedzera mamwe maseva anogovera mutoro. Pasina SLO, haungazive kana (kana riinhi) kutora danho.
Seta SLO - ipapo zvinotarisirwa nemushandisi zvichaiswa
Kutsikisa SLO kunoseta zvinotarisirwa nemushandisi kune maitiro ehurongwa. Vashandisi (uye vangangove vashandisi) vanowanzoda kuziva zvekutarisira kubva kune sevhisi kuti unzwisise kana yakakodzera kushandiswa. Semuenzaniso, vanhu vanoda kushandisa webhusaiti yekugovera mafoto vangangoda kusashandisa sevhisi inovimbisa hupenyu hurefu uye mutengo wakaderera mukutsinhana nekuwanikwa kushoma, kunyangwe sevhisi imwe chete ingave yakakodzera kune archive rekodhi manejimendi system.
Kuseta zvinogoneka zvinotarisirwa kune vashandisi vako, shandisa imwe kana ese ari maviri eanotevera maitiro:
- Chengeta muganhu wekuchengeteka. Shandisa yakaomesesa yemukati SLO pane inoshambadzirwa kune vashandisi. Izvi zvinokupa mukana wekuita kune matambudziko asati aonekwa kunze. Iyo SLO buffer zvakare inobvumidza iwe kuve nekuchengetedza muganho paunenge uchiisa zvinoburitswa zvinokanganisa mashandiro ehurongwa uye ive nechokwadi chekuti sisitimu iri nyore kuchengetedza pasina kuvhiringidza vashandisi nenguva yekudzikira.
- Usapfuure zvinotarisirwa nemushandisi. Vashandisi vakavakirwa pane zvaunopa, kwete zvaunotaura. Kana kuita chaiko kwesevhisi yako kuri nani pane yakataurwa SLO, vashandisi vanovimba nekuita kwazvino. Iwe unogona kudzivirira overdependence nekuvhara nemaune pasi sisitimu kana kudzikisira kuita pasi pemitoro yakareruka.
Kunzwisisa kuti sisitimu inosangana sei nezvinotarisirwa kunobatsira kusarudza kana kuisa mari mukumhanyisa sisitimu uye kuita kuti iwanike nekusimba. Nerumwewo, kana sevhisi iri kunyatsoita zvakanaka, imwe nguva yevashandi inofanirwa kupedzerwa pane zvimwe zvakakosha, sekubhadhara chikwereti chehunyanzvi, kuwedzera zvinhu zvitsva, kana kuunza zvigadzirwa zvitsva.
Zvibvumirano mukuita
Kugadzira SLA kunoda bhizinesi uye zvikwata zvepamutemo kutsanangura mhedzisiro uye zvirango zvekuityora. Basa reSRE ndere kuvabatsira kunzwisisa zvingangonetsa mukusangana nemaSLO ari muSLA. Mazhinji ekurudziro ekugadzira maSLO anoshandawo kune maSLA. Hungwaru kuve wakangwarira mune zvaunovimbisa vashandisi nekuti kana iwe uine zvakawanda, zvakanyanya kuoma kuchinja kana kubvisa maSLA anoita seasina musoro kana akaoma kusangana.
Ndinokutendai nekuverenga shanduro kusvika kumagumo. Nyorera kune yangu telegraph chiteshi nezve kutarisa ΠΈ .
Source: www.habr.com