Rarama udzidze. Chikamu 1. Chikoro uye nhungamiro yebasa

Ndine shamwari kubva kuGrenoble, mwanakomana wevakabva kuRussia - mushure mechikoro (collège+lycée) akatamira kuBordeaux ndokuwana basa pachiteshi, gore rakatevera akatamira kuchitoro chemaruva seSMM nyanzvi, gore rakatevera akapedza zvidzidzo zvipfupi ndokuva mumwe munhu semubatsiri wamaneja. Mushure memakore maviri ekushanda, pa23, akaenda kuhofisi yeSAP yevamiririri kune nzvimbo yakaderera, akagamuchira dzidzo yeyunivhesiti uye iye zvino ava injiniya wekambani. Paakabvunzwa kana zvaityisa kuita “gap” rakadaro mudzidzo, akapindura kuti zvaityisa kusiya yunivhesiti pa22 uye usingazive kuti ndiwe ani uye zvaunoda. Unonzwika wakajairana here? Kazhinji, kana iwe uri mubereki kana hama yemwana wechikoro kana mudzidzi pachake, katsi. Nekudaro, kune vamwe vese zvakare chikonzero chakanaka chekutadza.

Prologue - chinyorwa ichi chakabva kupi?

Zvinyorwa zvakapararira pamusoro pedzidzo, kudiwa kwedhipuroma, chikoro chekupedza kudzidza uye zvimwe zvinhu zvedzidzo zvakagara zvichibuda paHabr - hazvisi pasina kuti kune hubs nezve maitiro edzidzo, basa, dzidzo kunze kwenyika, nezvimwe. Musoro wacho wakakomba zvechokwadi, kunyanya mumamiriro ezvinhu emusika wevashandi wakashandurwa zvakanyanya uye zvinodiwa kune nyanzvi. Takasarudza kupfupisa ruzivo rwedu, takakumbira rubatsiro kubva kune nyanzvi yakazvipira makore 8 kune dzidzo yevanhu, makore makumi maviri nemashanu kwaari, kusanganisira chikoro :) uye makore gumi kumunda weIT. Isu takagadzirira 25 zvinyorwa zvichaburitswa pane yedu blog.

Cycle "Rarama uye Dzidza"

Chikamu 1. Chikoro uye nhungamiro yebasa
Chikamu 2. Yunivhesiti
Chikamu 3. Dzidzo yokuwedzera
Chikamu 4. Dzidzo kubasa
Chikamu 5. Kuzvidzidzisa

Govera ruzivo rwako mune zvakataurwa - pamwe, nekuda kwekuedza kwechikwata cheRUVDS uye vaverengi vaHabr, Gunyana rekutanga remumwe munhu richave rakanyanya kuziva, rakarurama uye rine zvibereko. 

Chikoro: rwiyo rwekare pamusoro pechinhu chikuru

Mapoka

Paavhareji munyika yose, chikoro chinhu chinonakidza chedzidzo, kunyanya ikozvino. Nyika dzakasiyana zvachose dzakapindirana mairi: 

1. vadzidzisi vechimiro chekare, pazera rakanyanyisa, nokuda kwechikamu chikuru vasina kugadzirira kugamuchira zvinhu zvitsva uye mafomu edzidzo, vasina kugadzirira kuteerera vadzidzi; 
2. vechidiki uye kwete vadzidzisi vasina hanya kubva ku90s, apo, kunze kwezvisingawanzoitiki, vakaenda kuchikoro chekudzidzisa nekuda kwekuora mwoyo uye kusakwanisa kupinda imwe yunivhesiti (nekuda kwehuwandu hwekudzidzira kana kushaya mari);
3. vabereki vane zera kubva ku70s kusvika ku90s, kureva, kubva kuvanhu veUSSR nzira yehupenyu kusvika kune vanopenga vamiririri vezvinonzi "chizvarwa chakarasika";
4. vana vane makore 15-17 (tichanyanya kutaura pamusoro pavo) vana vezera re digital, automated uye computerized, introverted uye virtual, nemafungiro avo uye sangano rinokosha re psyche uye ndangariro. 

Mapoka ese mana anorwa pakati pavo uye mapoka achipesana nemamwe mapoka; mukati menharaunda yakadai mune kusanzwisisana kwakawanda uye ruoko rusingaoneki rwemudzidzisi mukuru uye ane mvumo - Internet. Uye unoziva zvandichakuudza here? Izvi zvakanaka kwazvo, zvinongoda nzira yakakosha. Uye ini ndichataurawo kuti kurwisana kwezvizvarwa kusingagumi, sehusimbe hwevana vechikoro, nzvimbo chete inoshanduka. 

Vana vechikoro vanosangana nematambudziko api?

• Ruzivo rwakarambwa zvachose kubva pakuita. Kosi yechikoro haipe ruzivo rwakabatana nekudzidzira. Ndosaka uchigona kusangana nemibvunzo yekuti mugadziri wepurogiramu anoda masvomhu here kana kuti ndeupi mutauro wechirongwa chekusarudza kuti upfuure nyaya dzemasvomhu. Uchiri mualgebra imwecheteyo munhu anogona kubata dambudziko reneural network, kudzidza muchina, kuvandudzwa kwemutambo (funga nezvekuti kunotonhorera sei kudzidza kuti magamba aunofarira enyika yemitambo anofamba zvinoenderana nemitemo yefizikisi, uye nzira yega yega inotsanangurwa. nenzira yemasvomhu). Kubatanidza dzidziso uye kudzidzira mukati mechidzidzo kunogona kuwedzera kufarira kwevadzidzi, kukunda kufinhwa mukirasi, uye panguva imwe chete kubatsira mukutungamira basa rekutanga (zvinoitika mumagiredhi 6-9). Panguva imwecheteyo, hazvifanirwe kuda zvinhu zvinodhura zvekushandisa; chishuwo, bhodhi uye choko / chiratidzo zvakakwana.
• Iyo chaiyo nhanho yeruzivo haienderane nekuongororwa mumadhayari uye zvitupa. Dambudziko risingaperi rekukoromoka, mubairo uye kuderedzwa nemagiredhi, uye kukwikwidza zvinotungamira kune chokwadi chekuti vana vechikoro vari kudzingirira nhamba inochiva, uye vabereki nevadzidzisi vanokurudzira nhangemutange iyi. Hazvishamisi kuti mugore rekutanga reyunivhesiti, vadzidzi vakanaka vanowira muC mamakisi epamusoro masvomhu, nepo C vadzidzi vachichengeta yakasimba 4 - vane nzwisiso yechidzidzo, uye kwete chikamu chakayeukwa nemusoro chakabuda pakarepo mushure mekubatana. State Exam. 
• Kuwana pachena ruzivo, chokwadi, dambudziko guru. Iko hakuna chikonzero chekurangarira, kutsvaga, kuongorora - ingovhura Wikipedia kana Google uye ndizvozvo, ruzivo rwuri pamberi pako. Izvi zvakaipa nekuti basa rekurangarira rinodzikira uye hwaro hwedzidzo hwakarurama hauna kuumbwa. Hwaro humwe chete hunokudzidzisa kunzwisisa dambudziko, tsvaga dambanemazwi asipo wobva washandisa bhuku renongedzero kana Indaneti. Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, nekugara Googling, mudzidzi haadzidzi kunzwisisa izvo chaizvo zvinoda kuGoogled. Zvichakadaro, ndiyo yekutanga hwaro hwedzidzo inoumba hwaro hwebasa remangwana uye inoshanda sepuratifomu yehunyanzvi hwekuongorora uye synthesis.
• Ruzivo rusina basa kuchikoro Pane. Pamwe, mudzidzisi ari kuverenga iyi positi zvino achazoda kutsvaga nekubvarura munyori kuita zvidimbu, asi iyo inotonhorera chikoro, zvakanyanya, ndiregerereiwo, crap iyo yakatsikirirwa mudzidzo. Kubva pamutambo wandakasangana nawo: 4 makore echiLatin, makore manomwe ezvinyorwa zvekunze (ane zvakadzama), makore mana (!) Life Sciences, 7 makore ehuzivi, pamwe nemabhuku akasiyana-siyana, chiGiriki, dzidziso yetsika yepanyama. , nhoroondo yemasvomhu, nezvimwewo. Ehe, general erudition, makwikwi echikoro mu "Chii? Kupi? Rini?”, Kukwanisa kuenderera mberi nekurukurirano hakukoshi uye kunotofadza zvikuru uye kunobatsira, asi mumavhoriyamu akadaro, maawa ekudzidza anobvisa uropi hwomudzidzi kubva pazvidzidzo zvinokosha uye kubva pachikamu chinonyanya kukosha chedzidzo yeruzhinji (ingotarisa zvazvino uno. zviperengo, uye kunyange paHabré imwe chete!) . Pane nzira yekubuda nayo: ita kuti zvidzidzo zvakadaro zvive zvekusarudza uye pasina mamakisi.
• Kumhanya kwakaoma kwedzidzo - mubvunzo wakave uripo kubva pakutanga kwekuvapo kwezvikoro uye mhinduro iyo yakaoma zvikuru kuwana. Mukirasi imwe chete, kunyange “vakasimba” kana kuti “vasina simba,” vadzidzi vane mwero wakasiana wokugona mashoko, kupedza zvinetso, uye kumhanya kwakasiyana kwe“kuvaka.” Uye pakupedzisira, iwe unofanirwa kuenda kukuenzanisa uye kurasikirwa neanogona kusimba, kana kuregeredza iwo asina kusimba uye kuita kuti atonyanya kusimba. Ndakanga ndine mudzidzi akagadzirisa matambudziko muhuwandu hwemasvomhu zvakakwana, asi akazviita zvishoma nezvishoma, nokuti ... akatsvaka mhinduro yakanakisisa uye akagadzirisa mhinduro yacho. Somugumisiro, ndakakwanisa kugadzirisa matambudziko matatu pamashanu. Unomuraira kuisa chii? Zvakafanana. Zvichakadaro, unogona kuwana basa diki kutenderera: ipa akasimba mamwe mabasa ekugadzirisa akazvimiririra, avape kodzero yekupa mazano uye kudzidzisa vaunodzidza navo pasi pekutariswa kwemudzidzisi - izvi zvakanyanya kuwedzera mutoro, kuderedza kutya kwekukanganisa uye kubvumira vana vechikoro ratidza zvakakosha zvekushanda pamwe chete. 
• Dambudziko reSocialization - dambudziko rinorwadza uye rakakomba rinokwevera pamwe nevamwe gumi nevaviri. Iyo chaiyo yekutaurirana nharaunda, mitambo yekudyidzana, masocial network uye vatumwa pakarepo vanotora kubva kuvana (hongu, ivo vana vari pasi pemakore gumi nemasere, vana, uye mushure, maiwe, vana) kugona kutaurirana uye kushamwaridzana. Hapana hunyanzvi hwekugadzirisa matambudziko, hapana kubatana, hapana hukama mukati meboka revanhu, hapana - peer-to-peer social network, hurukuro dziri nyore. Uye pano basa rechikoro nderekuratidza kuti inotonhorera sei "munhu-ku-munhu" system inotaridzika: kuronga mitambo yechikwata, kuronga kutaurirana.

Nzira yekusarudza basa?

Kusvika ikozvino, muzvikoro zvakawanda muRussia (mamiriro ari nani muMoscow), nhungamiro yebasa yevana vechikoro inodzika kune zvinyorwa pamusoro pebasa ravo remangwana uye kwete bvunzo dzakakwana dzekutungamira basa, dzimwe dzacho dzinokwira kusvika pakufunga kwekufungidzira. kugona kwemudzidzi kune imwe ndima. Panguva imwecheteyo, hunyanzvi hwakadai sebioinformatics, medical informatics, nezvimwe hazvitaurwe. - kureva, nzvimbo dzakakurumbira uye dzinovimbisa dzevakomana vakasiyana-siyana uye vepamberi. Vana vechikoro ivo pachavo vanosara, kutanga uye zvakanyanya, vana, romantics uye vanorota. Nhasi vanoda kubata vanhu kana kushanda muBazi reEmergency Situations, mangwana kuve muzvinabhizimusi, uye muvhiki - mugadziri wepurogiramu kana injiniya anovaka mota dzeramangwana. Uye zvakakosha kuteerera, kufunga nezvezvikonzero zvechisarudzo - runako rwaDr House, charisma yaElon Musk, kana kudiwa kwechokwadi uye kudanwa kwejaya. 

Nzira yekuongorora sei basa?

Tarisiro - Iyi ingangove ndiyo yakanyanya kuoma metric. Izvo zvinoratidzika sezvivimbiso iye zvino, vasati vapedza chikoro uye yunivhesiti, zvinogona kushanduka kuva nzvimbo yakanyanyisa kupisa (mhoro kune magweta uye economists vakapinda 2000-2002!) Kana kunyangarika zvachose. Naizvozvo, iwe unofanirwa kuita kuti mwana wako anzwisise uye aone kuti panofanira kunge paine hwaro hwaunokwanisa kudzokorora hunyanzvi hwako. Semuenzaniso, injinjini yesoftware inotaura C / C ++ inogona kuenda nyore nyore munyika yekuvandudzwa kweneural network, budiriro yemaindasitiri, sainzi, nezvimwe, asi munyori (akashandisa sainzi yekombuta) anogona kuzviwana ari kunze kwestack mumakore mashanu. akadzidza. Zvekare, nyanzvi yezvehupfumi ine hunyanzvi mu "Financial Management" iri kuvimbisa zvakanyanya maererano nekufamba kwakatwasuka pane "Banking" kana "Real Estate Valuation". Kuti uongorore tarisiro, dzidza rondedzero yehunyanzvi hweramangwana, tarisa ratings yemitauro yekuronga (kana tichitaura nezve IT), verenga zvinyorwa zvehunyanzvi (semuenzaniso, makore 15-17 apfuura mumagazini ekurapa, nharaunda yesainzi. vakanyatsokurukura nezve microsurgery yeziso, marobhoti mukurapa, laparoscopic manipulations, uye nhasi ichi chiitiko chemazuva ese). Imwe nzira ndeyekutarisa kuti ndeapi masimba akavhurwa mumayunivhesiti mumakore 2-3 apfuura; sekutonga, iyi ndiyo yepamusoro yaunokwanisa kupinda mairi. 

Goho chairo iri nyore metric. Vhura “My Circle” kana “Headhunter”, fungidzira mwero weavhareji yemari muhunyanzvi hwako (dzimwe nguva analytics yakagadzirira inowanikwawo). Salary indexation mubhizinesi inoitika kusvika 10% pagore, munharaunda yeruzhinji kusvika pa5% pagore. Zviri nyore kuverenga, asi usakanganwa kuti mumakore eN pachava nekugadziriswa kwekudzika kwekudiwa, kuchinja kwemamiriro ezvinhu epasi, nezvimwewo. 

Speed ​​​​yekukura kwebasa uye kukura nzvimbo imwe neimwe ine yayo. Zvakare, haiwanikwe kwese kwese uye haifanirwe kuve yerudo: dzimwe nguva zviri nani kufamba wakatwasuka, dzidza hunyanzvi hutsva uye shandira kwete yekupinda mubhuku rebasa, asi yeiyo chaiyo nhanho yemuhoro (iyo yakazara, asi zvimwe. pane izvo mune inotevera nhevedzano). Chinhu chikuru ndechokuudza mudzidzi kuti haasi kuzova bhosi pakarepo, anofanira kushanda, uye nyanzvi chaiyo dzimwe nguva inokosha kupfuura mukuru wake. 

Kukura kunofambira mberi uye kushanduka kwehunyanzvi - kuenderera kwakakosha kweiyo metric yapfuura. Nyanzvi inodzidza nguva dzose, kusvika zuva rekupedzisira kubasa (uye dzimwe nguva kunyangwe mushure). Naizvozvo, zvinodikanwa kuwiriranisa hunhu hwemudzidzi pakudzidza uye nezvinodiwa zvebasa rinodiwa (semuenzaniso, mukomana anorota kuva chiremba, ane A mune chemistry uye biology, asi ane usimbe pakudzidza - ichi chiratidzo chekuti anogona kunge aine matambudziko nehunyanzvi hwekuvandudza mune ramangwana.), asi regai kusungirirwa pairi: kazhinji mushure mekoreji munhu mukuru anodzidza achifara uye anoenderera mberi nedzidzo yake, asi kuchikoro kwaisava usimbe, asi ruvengo rwenhoroondo inorema uye geography inofinha.

Chii chokufunga nezvacho?

Paunosarudza basa, unofanira kubatsira mwana wako, asi kwete kumusarudzira (Ndinovimbisa kuti haugoni kuwana "thank you"). Panguva imwecheteyo, zvakakosha kuti usarasikirwe chero ruzivo uye, pamwe, kunyange kutarisa mudiwa wako zvishoma kubva kunze, zvakasimba uye zvine chinangwa (zvichireva, kugona kutenderedza butt yako kuLambada haisati yave kirasi B. mukutamba kwebhora, zvisinei kuti ungazvida zvakadii). 

• Zvimiro zvevana zvakajairika - ichi ndicho chikonzero chekutungamira kwebasa ratakataura pamusoro apa: "munhu", "zvakasikwa", "muchina", "information systems". Iko hakuna vanhu vasina zvido uye imwe vector yezvishuwo zveramangwana ravo, saka zvakakosha kuziva kuti ndeipi nzira inokunda. Kunyangwe generalists vane mamwe machinjiro mune imwe nzira kana imwe. Nyatsoteerera kune izvo mudzidzi anotaura, ndezvipi zvidzidzo zviri nyore kwaari uye nei, zvaanotarisa pakukurukurirana, angave ane algorithmic kufunga, kuvandudza kwake pfungwa kana fungidziro. Uyezve, kucherechedzwa kwakadaro kwekuzvisarudzira kwakanyatsojeka kupfuura bvunzo, nekuti mudzidzi wemakore 13-17 anogona kufungidzira zviri nyore kuti angapindura sei kuti awane mhedzisiro yaaida panguva iyoyo uye kunyengedza hurongwa nevakuru :)
• Zvido zvemudzidzi anofanira kuverengerwa uye kukurudzirwa, zvichida kunyange kubvumirwa "kupfuura" kurota kwake kwebasa - nenzira iyi achasarudza nokukurumidza. Usamubvise pane chero mamiriro ezvinhu, usaratidze basa rake nenzira isina kunaka ("vese vanogadzira mapurogiramu mapengo", "musikana haana nzvimbo mudhipatimendi remotokari", "ha ha, psychology, unopenga iwe, ucharapa vakarambana kana chimwe chinhu", "mutyairi wetekisi? Hongu, ivo vachakuuraya" - zvichibva pane zviitiko chaizvo) Kana zvichibvira, rega mwana wako aedze unyanzvi, kana kuti chikamu chayo: ronga basa renguva-yenguva yezhizha, kumbira rubatsiro rune chokuita nebasa racho, kumbira shamwari dzako kuti dzikushandire kwemazuva mashomanana. Kana paine mukana wakadaro, unoshanda zviri nyore: kungave kutonhora uye kuodzwa mwoyo kunogadzika, kana kunakidzwa nekusimbiswa kwezvirongwa zvenguva yemberi.
• Zvimiro zvemhuri Hatigoni kusiya zvinhu zvedu zvakaoma: kana mhuri yose iri injiniya wehurumende uye mwanasikana akakwanisa kusiyanisa pakati pemakisi ekrete kubva paudiki, anoziva kusimba kwekusimbisa, kusiyanisa pakati pemhando dzemasonry, uye pazera remakore 7 anogona. tsanangura kuti kupisa kunoshanda sei ... izvi hazvirevi kuti mushandi wekuvaka ari kumumirira, kwete, asi iwe haufaniri kutarisira kuwira murudo naAkhmatova uye mabasa ekutanga ePetrarch, iyi haisi iyo nzvimbo yake. Kunyange zvazvo pane zvisizvo. Nekudaro, kushamwaridzana hakufanire kuisa kumanikidza kumudzidzi, kumumanikidza kuti ave mumwe munhu, nekuti vabereki vake vakadaro. Hongu, kubatsirwa kwako kuri pachena: zviri nyore kudzidzisa, kubatsira, kuwana basa, nezvimwe. Asi kubatsirwa ndekwako, uye hupenyu ndehwemwana wako, uye zvichida kusarudzwa kwedzinza hakumukodzeri nokuda kwechimwe chikonzero.

Izvi zvinoitika kuti vabereki vane chokwadi chokuti mwana wavo haadi chero chinhu, haana zvishuvo uye zvaanoda, haaedzi kusarudza yunivhesiti, haafungi nezveramangwana. Muchokwadi, hazviitike saizvozvo, pane nguva dzose chimwe chinhu chaunoda - uye ndizvo zvaunoda kuvaka. Kana iwe uchifunga kuti kune matambudziko chaiwo, taura nevadzidzisi, teerera mazano avo, taura nenyanzvi yezvepfungwa inopa hutungamiri hwebasa kune vechidiki (kune mabhizinesi akazvimiririra anotonhorera - zvakawanda pamusoro pavo pazasi). Mwanasikana womukirasi mangu ane makore 15 okukura, mwana muduku zvikuru, amai vake amai vemba vasina fundo uye vanotarira mwanasikana wavo sokunge kuti “hapana chaanoda.” Musikana uyu akagashira kofi yakabikwa kumba inonaka, akapeta napkins zvakanaka, ndokupa keke reAnthill, raakanga azvigadzirira. - Katya, haufunge kuti anofanirwa kuzviedza semubiki wemakeke kana kushanda mukofi? "Hei, haasi plebeian kushandira munhu wese, ndichamumanikidza kuti ave accountant." Keteni.

Chii chinofanira kuziva mudzidzi nezve hunyanzvi?

Kana iwe uri mudzidzi, unogara uchiedza kuvanza vavariro dzechokwadi dzemaitiro ako kana sarudzo, kuti usaite seusina kukura kana kufambiswa. Nokudaro, zvakaoma zvikuru kuti vabereki vaone kuti kuda rimwe basa kwakabva kupi, kunyanya kana kwakangoerekana kwaitika. Uye iwe haufanirwe kuita izvi, zviri nani kuburitsa mimwe mitemo yemutambo.

• Chero basa ripi neripi rinosanganisira chikamu chemaitiro (kusvika ku100% yebasa rose) - mudzidzi anofanira kunzwisisa kuti, pamwe chete nehumwe hunodiwa kana hunoonekwa hunhu, anogashira mabasa mazhinji enguva dzose, kuitwa kwayo kunogona kuita ruzhinji rwebasa. : mugadziri wepurogiramu haanyore mapurogiramu akazara (kana asiri muridzi webhizinesi kana freelancer), asi anoshanda pachikamu chake chekodhi; chiremba anodiwa kuzadza gomo remapepa, kunyange kana ari mukuru we ambulensi kana chiremba anovhiya; Astronaut anodzidzisa kwenguva yakareba, anodzidza zvakawanda, uye munzvimbo inodiwa kupedzisa nhamba huru yemabasa, nezvimwe. Iwe unofanirwa kunzwisisa kuti hapana hunyanzvi pasina hunyanzvi hwakadaro; haufanirwe kuita rudo nebasa.
• Basa ibasa rezuva nezuva renyanzvi. Kana iwe ukabatanidza hupenyu hwako nehumwe hunyanzvi, saka nehupamhi hwepamusoro, huchava nekusingaperi: zuva rega rega, nezororo pfupi, mabhosi, Muvhuro, vakaoma vari pasi, nezvimwe. 
• Mafashoni uye mukurumbira webasa zvinogona kuchinja - uye kunyange asati apedza kudzidza kubva kuyunivhesiti. Uye ipapo pachave nenzira mbiri: shandura magwaro ako kana kuve akanakisa muhunyanzvi hwako kuitira kuvimbisa kudiwa mumusika wevashandi.
• Iwe haugone kuendesa maitiro ako kumunhu kune maitiro ako kune yese ndima yechiitiko - kana iwe uchida basa nekuti baba vako / babamunini / mukoma / bhaisikopo mutambi ndiye muridzi waro, izvi hazvireve kuti uchanzwa wakasununguka mairi. Munhu mumwe nomumwe anofanira kusarudza zvaanoda uye zvaanogadzirira. Panogona kuva nemienzaniso, asi hapafaniri kuva nezvifananidzo. 
• Iwe unofanirwa kufarira basa, iwe unofanirwa kufarira zvikamu zvaro. Basa rega rega rakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zvinoverengeka: basa guru uye zvinangwa zvaro, vaunoshanda navo, nzvimbo yebasa, zvivakwa, "vatengi" vebasa, nharaunda yekunze uye hukama hwayo kune chiitiko. Iwe haugone kugamuchira chinhu chimwe uye kuramba zvimwe zvese, kana kuramba kuvapo kwezvinhu zvekunze. Kuti ushande zvakanaka uye uwane kugutsikana, zvakakosha kuwana zvinhu zvakanaka mune zvese zvakanyorwa zvikamu uye, kana uchidzima alarm wachi, ziva kuti sei wakaidzima ikozvino (kuchii, kunze kwemari). 
• Rwendo rurefu runotanga neketani yematanho madiki - haugone kuve mukuru uye ane mukurumbira, ane ruzivo uye anotungamira. Pachave nekukanganisa, kunyomba, varairidzi uye vakwikwidzi, matanho ekutanga achaita seasingaonekwi, madiki. Asi chaizvoizvo, shure kweimwe nhanho yakadaro pachava nekubudirira - nheyo yechiitiko. Hapana chikonzero chekutya kufamba kana kukurumidza kubva kubasa kuenda kune basa nekuda kwezvikonzero zvisingakoshi: dombo rinokura panzvimbo, uye uyo anofamba achaziva nzira.

• Kutanga kwebasa kunogara kuchifinha - hapana anozopa mabasa akaomarara kune anotanga, iwe uchafanirwa kusvika kune zvese kubva kunharaunda, kubva kune izvo zvekutanga, dzidza, tenzi, dzokorora zvimwe zvinhu zvinofinha zuva nezuva. Asi ndizvo chaizvo kuburikidza nekugona zvinhu izvi kuti nyanzvi yechidiki inokwanisa kunyura mukati meiyo yakadzika nheyo dzebasa. Kubhowekana uku hakudzivisiki, saka unozofanirwa kudzidza kuwana mafaro mairi.
• Kutarisira mari ibasawo. Vabereki vedu zvechokwadi havana kutisvitsa dzidziso iyi, uye isu tiri kure nazvo. Izvo zvakakosha kwete kungowana kana kuchengetedza, zvakakosha kuti ugone kubata mari uye nekugona kurarama nemari yauinayo munguva ino yenguva. Iyi inyanzvi inokosha, iyo inokudzidzisawo kuti uremekedze unyanzvi hwako uye unyanzvi, kwete kushandira pennies, asiwo kutumidza zvakakwana mutengo wako. 

Ichi chakazove chikamu chehuzivi zvishoma, asi izvi ndizvo chaizvo zvinotsigirwa nevabereki kutungamira basa remudzidzi, mavambo ekutanga ekuzviremekedza kwake senyanzvi yeramangwana.

Chii uye ndiani achabatsira?

Nhungamiro yebasa inzira inosarudza hupenyu hwako hwese, saka unofanirwa kuvimba, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, nzira dzevechitatu uye nerubatsiro rwenyanzvi.

• Yakavanzika nyanzvi yekutungamira nyanzvi - munhu anogona chaizvo kuwana zvakadzika zvishuvo uye mano mumwana. Kazhinji ava havangori nyanzvi dzepfungwa dzemagariro, asi vanodzidzira nyanzvi dzeHR, kuburikidza nemazana evanyoreri vanopfuura uye vanogona kuongorora zvine hungwaru izvo mwana wako akagadzirira uye kuti ndezvipi zvekutarisira.

Mushure mekushanda nenyanzvi yekutungamira basa, mhedzisiro imwe chete!

• Introspection: iwe unofanirwa kuona kuti chii chaunonyatsoda, chii chawakagadzirira (iyo nzira imwechete), zvausingadi, zvausina kugadzirira chero mubairo. Zvakanakisisa kuinyora pasi pabepa woichengeta kuitira kuti ugozodzoka kwairi nokuda kumwe kudzokororwa gare gare. Tafura yakadaro ichakubatsira kuti unzwisise pamharadzano yeunyanzvi hupi hunofanira kuwanikwa. 
• Mepu yemabasa akakodzera - nyora pasi hunyanzvi hwese, zvichibva pane humwe hunhu, hwakakodzera mudzidzi, kurukurai chimwe nechimwe, simbisa zvakanakira nekuipira, uye zvienzanise nemikana yekupinda yunivhesiti inoenderana. Nekudaro, iwe unogona kuzviganhurira iwe kunzvimbo dzinoverengeka uye funga maererano nekumwe kusimudzira kwehunyanzvi (semuenzaniso, mamwe maprofessional asara ari videographer, programmer, injiniya wemotokari uye kaputeni wegungwa, pakati pavo pane imwe vector - hunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi, kutaurirana neimwe mhando yemidziyo; zvinotogoneka kudzidza tarisiro yebasa rega rega, kuongorora zvarinoita. zvichaita sepanguva yaunosiya yunivhesiti etc. Kunyange zvazvo kupararira kunoramba kwakakura zvikuru). 
• Vadzidzisi vechikoro - vataridzi vanokosha uye zvapupu zvekukura kwemwana wako, dzimwe nguva vanogona kuona izvo vabereki vasingaoni. Muchokwadi, ivo vanoona mudzidzi zvakanyanya kubva pamaonero ehungwaru, vanoona kugona kwake senyanzvi yeramangwana. Taura navo, kurukurai nyaya yekuvandudzwa kwenyanzvi, zvavanoona zvinogona kuva chinhu chakakosha zvechokwadi. 

Paunounganidza uye kuenzanisa data iri, zvinova nyore kwauri kuona mabatsire mwana wako ari kuyaruka kusarudza chaizvo zvaanoda.

Iri ndiro dhiyabhorosi rekutungamira basa, kubva pazviri pachena kuti basa rakabudirira richakudziridzwa pamharadzano yezvishuwo, kugona (kusanganisira izvo zvemuviri) uye zvinodiwa pamusika wevashandi.

Asi isu takafarira imwe mutsauko wake - hapana mubvunzo nezvazvo!

Nzira yekusimudza sei nyanzvi yeIT?

Kana wechidiki (kana kunyange zviri nani, mwana ari pasi pemakore gumi nemaviri) aine humwe hunyanzvi hwekufunga zvine musoro, algorithms, uye maonero einjiniya ezvinhu, usatambisa nguva uye unyatso teerera kune zvimwe zvinhu:

1. mabhuku, kunyanya mabhuku, pakombiyuta sainzi uye masvomhu - chekutanga, izvi zvidzidzo zvinodiwa, uye chechipiri, mudzidzi wako achajaira kushanda nemabhuku ehunyanzvi; muhupenyu hwehunyanzvi, mugadziri akanaka haawanzoita asina mabhuku;
2. makirabhu pamarobhoti uye zvirongwa - varairidzi nenzira yekutamba vachadzidzisa mwana algorithms ekutanga, mabasa, pfungwa kubva kumunda weIT (stack, ndangariro, mutauro wechirongwa, muturikiri, kuyedza, nezvimwewo);
3. Chirungu - iwe unofanirwa kudzidza mutauro zvakanyanya, chengetedza zvakasiyana-siyana uye kudzika kwemazwi, chikamu chekukurukurirana (kubva pakukurukurirana nevezera rako muzvikumbiro uye paSkype kusvika pakudzidza panguva yezororo muzvikoro zvemitauro yekunze kana misasa);
4. nezvemarobhoti uye kits yekuvaka imba - ikozvino kune marobhoti anorongwa mune chero chikamu chemutengo, zvakakosha kuti uongorore basa remumba pamwe chete nemudzidzi uye kudzamisa ruzivo;
5. kana iwe wakagadzirira kubhuroka neArduino uye kuita kuti wechidiki afare nazvo, ndizvozvo, basa ratopera.

Asi kuseri kwekutamba uye kuda, munhu haafanire kukanganwa nezve akakosha masimboti efizikisi, masvomhu uye sainzi yekombuta; ivo vanongofanira kunge varipo muhupenyu hwemwana wechikoro ane chido chekusimudzira (uye zvechokwadi chero munhu akadzidza).

Kudzidza - hatifaniri kukanganwa nezvazvo: mubvunzo uye mhinduro

Zvechokwadi, kunyange kana iwe wakatungamirira nzira yebasa remwana wako kubva mugiredhi rekutanga uye uine chivimbo mune ramangwana rake, izvi hazvirevi kuti unofanira kurega kudzidza kuchikoro uye kuisa pfungwa pachinhu chimwe chete. 

Nzira yekudzidza sei "core" zvidzidzo?

Zvakanyanya zvakadzama, kushandisa mamwe mabhuku, mabhuku ane dambudziko uye mabhuku ereferenzi. Chinangwa chekudzidza hachisi chekungopasa iyo Unified State Exam zvakanaka, asiwo kuuya kuyunivhesiti yakagadzirirwa, nekunzwisisa kwechidzidzo uye nzvimbo yayo mune ramangwana basa.

Nzira yekubata sei vasiri-core subjects?

Mukati megadziriro yechikonzero uye zvishuvo zvemunhu - kudzidza, kupasa, kunyora bvunzo, usapedze nguva yakawandisa pazviri. Kunze kwe: mitauro yeRussia neyekunze, iyo yakakosha kune chero hunyanzvi, saka nyatso teerera kwavari. 

Nzira yekushanda nekuwedzera mutoro?

Matambudziko ekuwedzera kuomarara uye Olympiads ndiko kutanga kwebasa, pasina kuwedzeredza. Vanovandudza kufunga kwako, vanokudzidzisa kutarisa pamadaro mapfupi uye kugadzirisa matambudziko zvakanyanya, vanokupa hunyanzvi hwekuzviratidzira uye kugona kuhwina / kutora hit. Naizvozvo, kana iwe uchida kuenda kune imwe yunivhesiti uye mwana wako ari kuyaruka anyatso gadzira tarisiro yebasa, zvakakodzera kutora chikamu mumaolympiads, makonferensi, uye mudzidzi makwikwi ebasa resainzi.

Panguva imwecheteyo, hutano hunofanira kuva pamusoro pezvimwe zvose; ichi chinhu chinokosha icho vabereki vanokanganwa uye vana havasati vaziva.

Ndinofanira kuenda kuchikoro chehunyanzvi mushure megiredhi rechi8/9?

Icho chete chisarudzo chevabereki uye mudzidzi pachake. Hapana chakaipa mudzidzo zvinoenderana nechikoro chehunyanzvi + chirongwa cheyunivhesiti, kune zvimwe zvakanakira. Asi kudzidza kwakatonyanya kuoma.

Ndochinja chikoro kuti ndiite chehunyanzvi?

Zvinokurudzirwa kuti uchinje - nenzira iyi mudzidzi achave nemukana uri nani wekupasa Unified State Exam aine zvibodzwa zvepamusoro (zvakanaka, inyaya imwe chete nemabvunzo ekupinda, kana vakadzoka kwese kwese mune ramangwana - mukana uchiripo. kumusoro). Iwe haufanirwe kutya kushungurudzika kwepfungwa; kushandura timu kune mukana wakakura: mudzidzi weramangwana achaziva vamwe vaanodzidza navo uye vaanodzidza navo kare kare, uye izvi zvinobatsira zvakanyanya kuchinjika kuyunivhesiti. Asi kana wechidiki asingakwanisi kubvamburwa zvakananga uye nyika yechikoro inonyanya kukosha, hongu, hazvina kukodzera kumubvisa, zviri nani kupa nguva kune mamwe makirasi.

Zvinhu zvekusarudza yunivhesiti?

Pane zvakawanda zvezvikonzero: kubva kutamira kune mamwe maguta kusvika kune zvemukati maficha eyunivhesiti, zvese zviri zvega. Asi zvakakosha kuterera kune zvigadziko zvekudzidzira (kana iwe usina chako mupfungwa), kusvika padanho rekudzidza mutauro kuyunivhesiti, kune iyo huru yesainzi nhoroondo (sainzi marabhoritari), kuvepo kwedhipatimendi remauto. (kune izvo zvakakosha).

Kutanga riini kushanda?

Uyu mubvunzo mukuru - zvakakosha here kutanga kushanda kuchikoro, uye mhinduro yacho ndeyemunhu oga. Asi, mukuona kwangu, zvakakosha kuedza kushanda muzhizha pakati pe9th ne10, 10th uye 11th mamakisi - chete kuitira kuti unzwisise kuti kudyidzana kunoshanda sei muchikwata chebasa, kuti mitoro inogovaniswa sei, ndeapi madhigirii erusununguko / asiri rusununguko. aripo. Asi muzhizha rekupinda yunivhesiti, kune kushushikana kwakanyanya uye mutoro webasa - saka ndakanyoresa uye ndakazorora, zvakanyanya, zviri nani.

Muchokwadi, isu tinogona kutaura nezvenyaya iyi zvachose, uye inoda yakadzama yemunhu nzira. Asi zvinoita sokuti kana mubereki wose akateerera dzimwe pfungwa dziri munyaya yacho, zvichava nyore kuti vana vechikoro vasarudze basa romunguva yemberi, uye amai nababa vachakwanisa kudzivisa pomero yokuti “Ndanga ndisingadi kuenda kune izvi. yunivhesiti, makandisarudzira.” Basa revakuru harisi kungodyisa vana vavo hove, asi kuvapa tsvimbo uye kuvadzidzisa nzira yekuishandisa. Nguva yechikoro hwaro hombe hwehupenyu hwako hwese hweramangwana, saka iwe unofanirwa kuibata zvine hunyanzvi uye nekutevera mitemo mikuru mitatu: rukudzo, gwara uye rudo. Nditende, zvichadzokera kwauri zvakapetwa kazana. 

Muchikamu chinotevera, tichapfuura nemumikoridho mishanu/nhanhatu yemakosi ekuyunivhesiti tozopedzisira tafunga kana zvichidiwa kana kuti “pamwe, kugehena nedhipuroma?” Usapotsa!

Makaro postscript

Nenzira, takakanganwa nezvechinhu chakakosha - kana iwe uchida kukura senyanzvi yeIT, unofanirwa kujairana nemapurojekiti akavhurika sosi kuchikoro. Izvi hazvireve kuti iwe unofanirwa kugovera kune zvakakura zviitiko, asi inguva yekutanga kucheka nekurera purojekiti yako yemhuka, uchiongorora dzidziso mukuita. Uye kana iwe watokura uye iwe unoshaya chimwe chinhu chekusimudzira, semuenzaniso, simba rakanaka VPS, enda ku RUVDS webhusaiti - Tine zvinhu zvakawanda zvinonakidza.

Source: www.habr.com