Mozilla yakazivisa chinangwa chayo chekutanga muHTTP/3 uye QUIC nekuburitswa kweFirefox 88, yakarongerwa Kubvumbi 19 (yaitarisirwa kuburitswa muna Kubvumbi 20, asi tichitarisa nehurongwa, ichadzoserwa kumashure nerimwe zuva). Rutsigiro rweHTTP/3 ruchagoneswa kune chikamu chidiki chevashandisi pakutanga uye, nekudzivisa chero nyaya dzisingatarisirwe, ichaendeswa kune wese munhu kupera kwaMay. Muhusiku kuvaka uye beta shanduro, HTTP/3 yakagoneswa nekusarudzika pakupera kwaKurume.
Ngatiyeukei kuti kuitwa kweHTTP/3 muFirefox kunobva pane neqo purojekiti yakagadziridzwa neMozilla, iyo inopa mutengi uye maseva kuita kweQUIC protocol. Iyo chikamu kodhi yeHTTP/3 uye QUIC rutsigiro yakanyorwa neRust. Kudzora kana HTTP/3 yakabatidzwa, nezve:config inopa "network.http.http3.enabled" sarudzo. Kubva kune mutengi software, yekuyedza tsigiro yeHTTP/3 yakawedzerwawo kuChrome uye curl, uye kumaseva inowanikwa munginx, pamwe nechimiro cheiyo nginx module uye bvunzo server kubva Cloudflare. Kudivi rewebhusaiti, HTTP/3 rutsigiro rwakatopihwa paGoogle neFacebook maseva.
Iyo HTTP/3 protocol ichiri padanho rekunyorwa uye haisati yanyatsogadziriswa neIETF. HTTP/3 inoda tsigiro yemutengi neseva kune imwe vhezheni yeQUIC draft standard neHTTP/3, iyo inotsanangurwa mumusoro weAlt-Svc (Firefox inotsigira spec drafts 27 kusvika 32).
HTTP/3 inotsanangura kushandiswa kweQUIC protocol sekutakura kweHTTP/2. Iyo QUIC (Quick UDP Internet Connections) protocol yakagadziridzwa neGoogle kubva 2013 seimwe nzira kune TCP+TLS musanganiswa weWebhu, kugadzirisa matambudziko nekureba kuseta uye nguva dzekutaurirana dzekubatanidza muTCP uye kubvisa kunonoka kana mapaketi arasika panguva yedata. transfer. QUIC ndeyekuwedzeredzwa kweprotocol yeUDP inotsigira kuwanda kwekubatanidza kwakawanda uye inopa nzira dzekunyorera dzakafanana neTLS/SSL. Munguva yekuvandudzwa kwechiyero cheIETF, shanduko dzakaitwa kuprotocol, izvo zvakaita kuti pave nematavi maviri akafanana, rimwe reHTTP/3, uye rechipiri rinotsigirwa neGoogle (Chrome inotsigira zvese zvingasarudzwa).
Zvinhu zvakakosha zveQUIC:
- Kuchengetedzwa kwepamusoro kwakafanana neTLS (chaizvoizvo QUIC inopa kugona kushandisa TLS pamusoro peUDP);
- Kuyerera kutendeseka kutonga, kudzivirira kurasikirwa kwepaketi;
- Iko kugona kwekukurumidza kumisikidza kubatana (0-RTT, mune ingangoita 75% yemakesi data inogona kutumirwa pakarepo mushure mekutumira yekubatanidza setup packet) uye kupa kunonoka kudiki pakati pekutumira chikumbiro uye kugamuchira mhinduro (RTT, Round Round Trip Time);
- Kushandisa nhamba yakasiyana yekutevedzana paunenge uchitumira pakiti, izvo zvinodzivirira kusanzwisisika mukuziva mapaketi akagamuchirwa uye kubvisa nguva;
- Kurasikirwa kwepakiti kunokanganisa chete kuendeswa kwerukova rwakabatana narwo uye hakuregi kuendeswa kwedata mumigero yakafanana inofambiswa kuburikidza nekubatana kwazvino;
- Zvikanganiso zvekugadzirisa zvinhu zvinoderedza kunonoka nekuda kwekutumirazve kwemapaketi akarasika. Kushandiswa kweakakosha ekururamisa makodhi padanho repacket kudzikisa mamiriro anoda kutapurirana kwepacket data yakarasika.
- Cryptographic block miganhu inowirirana neQUIC packet miganhu, iyo inoderedza kukanganisa kwekurasikirwa kwepakeji pakugadzirisa zviri mukati memapakiti anotevera;
- Hapana matambudziko neTCP queue blocking;
- Tsigiro yekubatanidza identifier, iyo inoderedza nguva inotora kumisikidza kubatana kwevatengi venhare;
- Kugona kwekubatanidza advanced connection congestion control systems;
- Inoshandisa per-direction throughput forecasting matekiniki kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti mapaketi anotumirwa pamwero wakakwana, kudzivirira kuti asave akatsvikinyidzana uye kukonzera kurasikirwa kwepaketi;
- Kuwedzera kwakanyanya mukuita uye kuburikidza nekuenzaniswa neTCP. Kune masevhisi evhidhiyo akadai seYouTube, QUIC yakaratidzwa kudzikisa mashandiro ekudzokorora kana uchiona mavhidhiyo ne30%.
Source: opennet.ru