Mwedzi woga woga tinoverenga nhau pamusoro pezvikanganiso uye kukundikana kwedzidzo muUnited States. Kana iwe uchitenda pepanhau, saka chikoro chepuraimari muAmerica hachikwanisi kudzidzisa vadzidzi kunyangwe ruzivo rwekutanga, ruzivo rwunopihwa nechikoro chesekondari zviri pachena kuti haruna kukwana kuti upinde kukoreji, uye vana vechikoro vakakwanisa kuramba kusvika vapedza kudzidza kubva kukoreji vanozviwana vamene. asina zvaanogona kuita kunze kwemasvingo aro. Asi nhamba dzinofadza zvikuru dzakabudiswa munguva pfupi yapfuura dzinoratidza kuti mune runenge rutivi rumwe chairwo, mufungo wakadaro uri kure zvikuru nezvokwadi. Zvisinei nezvinetso zvinonyatsozivikanwa zveAmerican secondary education system, vakapedza kudzidza kumakoreji ekuAmerica ainyanya hunyanzvi hwesainzi yekombuta vakave nyanzvi dzakasimukira uye dzinokwikwidza zvakanyanya kana zvichienzaniswa nevakwikwidzi vavo vekunze.
Ongororo iyi, yakaitwa nechikwata chepasi rose chevaongorori, yakaenzanisa vakapedza kudzidza kukoreji yekuUS nevakapedza chikoro kubva kunyika nhatu hombe uko US inobudisira kugadzirwa kwesoftware: China, India neRussia. Nyika nhatu idzi dzine mukurumbira nekuda kwevagadziri vekirasi yekutanga uye vahwina mumakwikwi epasi rose, mukurumbira wavo wakanaka, uye zviito zvakabudirira zvevapambi veRussia neChinese zvinogara zvichiratidzwa munhau. Pamusoro pezvo, China neIndia dzine misika mikuru yesoftware yemumba inoshandirwa nenhamba huru dzematarenda emuno. Zvese izvi zvinhu zvinoita kuti vagadziri vezvirongwa kubva kunyika nhatu idzi vave bhenji rakakodzera rekuenzanisa vadzidzi vekuAmerica. Panguva imwe cheteyo, vadzidzi vakawanda vanobva kunyika idzi vanouya kuzodzidza kuUnited States.
Chidzidzo ichi hachizviti chakazara uye, kunyanya, hachienzanise mhedzisiro yevaAmerica nemhedzisiro yevakapedza kudzidza kune dzimwe nyika dzakasimukira dzedemocracy dzakaita seUnited States. Saka hazvigone kutaurwa kuti mhedzisiro yakawanikwa inogona kuve yakajairwa mukufarira budiriro isina kujeka uye kutonga kwakazara kweAmerican dzidzo system pasi rese. Asi nyika dzakaongororwa muchidzidzo ichi dzakaongororwa zvakadzama uye nemazvo. Munyika nhatu idzi, vaongorori vakasarudza zvisina tsarukano zvikoro makumi masere neshanu zvedzidzo kubva pakati pe "elite" uye "zvakajairika" makomputa sainzi mayunivhesiti. Vatsvaguri vakabvumirana neimwe yemayunivhesiti aya kuita bvunzo yekuzvidira yemaawa maviri pakati pevadzidzi vegore rekupedzisira vanoita hurongwa. Bvunzo rakagadzirwa nenyanzvi dzeETS, , yakanga ine mibvunzo 66 ine mhinduro dzakawanda mumwe nomumwe, uye yaiitiswa mumutauro womunzvimbomo. Mibvunzo iyi yaisanganisira discrete data zvimiro, algorithms uye fungidziro yekuoma kwavo, matambudziko ekuchengetedza uye kutumira ruzivo, general programming mabasa uye chirongwa chedhizaini. Mabasa acho akanga asina kusungirirwa kune chero mutauro wepurogiramu uye akanyorwa mune abstract pseudocode (sezvinoita Donald Knuth mubasa rake "The Art of Programming"). Pakazara, 6847 maAmerican, 678 maChina, 364 maIndia uye 551 maRussia vakapinda muchidzidzo.
Zvinoenderana nemhedzisiro yebvunzo, mhedzisiro yevaAmerica yaive nani pane mhedzisiro yevakapedza kudzidza kubva kune dzimwe nyika. Kunyange zvazvo vadzidzi vekuAmerica vachipinda mukoreji vaine zvibodzwa zvakaipisisa zvemasvomhu nefizikisi kupfuura vezera ravo mhiri kwemakungwa, vanoramba vachiwana zvibodzwa zviri nani pabvunzo panguva yavanenge vapedza kudzidza. Isu, hongu, tiri kutaura nezvekusiyana kwenhamba - mhedzisiro yevadzidzi haibvi pakoreji chete, asiwo nehunyanzvi hwemunhu, saka mhedzisiro yevakasiyana vakapedza kudzidza kunyangwe iyo imwe koreji inogona kusiyana zvakanyanya uye akanakisa akapedza kudzidza " koreji yakaipaβ inogona kuva nani pane murombo akapedza kudzidza pakoreji βyepamusoroβ. Β»Yunivhesiti. Nekudaro, paavhareji, vanhu vekuAmerica vakawana 0.76 yakajairwa kutsauka pabvunzo kupfuura maRussia, maIndia, kana maChinese. Iri gaka rinozova rakakura kana tikaparadzanisa vakapedza kudzidza ve "elite" uye "zvakajairika" mayunivhesiti uye tovaenzanisa kwete muboka rimwe, asi zvakasiyana - epamusoro-soro mayunivhesiti eRussia ane epamusoro US makoji, akajairwa mayunivhesiti eRussia nemakoreji akajairwa eAmerica. Vakapedza kudzidza veβeliteβ masangano edzidzo, sezvaitarisirwa, vakaratidza paavhareji mhedzisiro iri nani pane vakapedza kudzidza muzvikoro βzvagaraβ, uye vachipesana nekupararira kudiki kwemagiredhi pakati pevadzidzi vakasiyana, mutsauko pakati pevadzidzi vanobva kunyika dzakasiyana wakatonyanya kuoneka. . Maresults chaiwo zvakanakisa Mhedzisiro yemayunivhesiti eRussia, China neIndia anga akafanana zvakajairika Makoreji eAmerica. Zvikoro zveElite zveAmerica zvakave, paavhareji, zviri nani kupfuura zvikoro zvepamusoro zveRussia sezvo mayunivhesiti epamusoro eRussia ari, paavhareji, ari nani pane akajairwa "kuvaka-fenzi" makoreji. Zvinofadza zvakare kuti chidzidzo ichi hachina kuratidza mutsauko wakakosha pakati pemhedzisiro yevakapedza kudzidza kuyunivhesiti muRussia, India neChina.
Mufananidzo 1. Avhareji yemigumisiro yebvunzo, yakajairwa kutsauka, yevadzidzi vanobva kunyika dzakasiyana uye mapoka akasiyana emayunivhesiti.
Vatsvakurudzi vakaedza kufunga uye kusabvisa zvingangoitika zvikonzero zvakarongeka zvekusiyana kwakadaro. Semuyenzaniso, imwe yefungidziro yakaedzwa yaive yekuti mhedzisiro yakanaka yemayunivhesiti eAmerica inongokonzerwa nekuti vadzidzi vekunze vekunze vanouya kuzodzidza kuUnited States, nepo vadzidzi vakanyanya kuoma vachisara munyika yavo. Nekudaro, kusasanganisa avo vasiri vatauri veChirungu kubva kunhamba yevadzidzi ve "American" hakuna kuchinja mhedzisiro neimwe nzira.
Imwe pfungwa yainakidza yaive kuongororwa kwekusiyana kwevakadzi. Munyika dzose, vakomana vakaratidza, paavhareji, migumisiro inooneka iri nani pane vasikana, asi mukaha wakawanikwa waiva muduku zvikuru pane mukaha uri pakati pevakapedza kudzidza kumayunivhesiti ekunze uye vokuAmerica. Nekuda kweizvozvo, vasikana vekuAmerica, nekuda kwedzidzo iri nani, vakave, paavhareji, vanokwanisa kupfuura vakomana vekunze. Sezviri pachena, izvi zvinoratidza kuti misiyano inocherechedzwa mumiuyo yevakomana nevasikana inomuka zvikurukuru mukusiyana kwetsika nedzidzo munzira dzokudzidzisa vakomana navasikana uye kwete namano omuzvarirwo, sezvo musikana ane dzidzo yakanaka anorova nyore nyore mukomana akadzidziswa. kwete zvakanaka. Nekuda kweizvi, chokwadi chekuti vanogadzira mapurogiramu echikadzi muUnited States vanozobhadharwa, paavhareji, mari shoma pane vanogadzira zvirongwa zvechirume, sezviri pachena hainei nechokuita nekugona kwavo chaiko.
Pasinei nekuedza kwese kuongorora data, zvigumisiro zvakawanikwa muchidzidzo, hongu, hazvigoni kuonekwa sechokwadi chisingachinji. Kunyangwe vaongorori vakaita zvese zvavanogona kushandura bvunzo dzese nemazvo, kambani yakazvigadzira yakaramba yakatarisana nekuyedza vadzidzi vekuAmerica. Hazvigone kutongerwa kunze kuti mhedzisiro yakanakisa yevaAmerican inogona kunge yakakonzerwa nekuti kwavari mibvunzo yakadai yaingozivikanwa zviri nani uye inozivikanwa kupfuura yevamwe vezera ravo. Nekudaro, chokwadi chekuti vadzidzi muChina, India neRussia vane masisitimu edzidzo akasiyana zvachose uye bvunzo dzakaratidza mhedzisiro imwe chete nenzira isina kunanga inoratidza kuti iyi ingangove isiri fungidziro inonzwisisika.
Kupfupisa zvese zvakataurwa, ndinoda kuona kuti muUSA nhasi, zviuru makumi matanhatu neshanu zvevadzidzi vanopedza dzidzo mumunda wesainzi yekombuta gore rega. Nhamba iyi yakakura zvakanyanya mumakore achangopfuura, asi inoramba iri kure zvakanyanya nenhamba dzeChina (65 zviuru vakapedza kudzidza-programmers pagore) uye India (185 zviuru vakapedza kudzidza). Asi kunyangwe United States isingazokwanisa kusiya "import" yevaratidziri vekunze mune ramangwana rinoonekwa, chidzidzo ichi chinoratidza kuti vakapedza kudzidza vekuAmerica vakagadzirira zvirinani kupfuura vakwikwidzi vekunze.
Kubva kumushanduri: Ndakabayiwa mwoyo netsvagurudzo iyi uye ndakafunga kuiendesa kuHabr nekuti yangu pachedu 15 makore eruzivo muIT, zvinosuruvarisa, inotsigira zvisina kunanga. Vakasiyana vakapedza kudzidza, hongu, vane mwero wakasiyana wekudzidziswa, uye Russia inogadzira angangoita gumi nemaviri echokwadi ekirasi matarenda gore rega rega; zvisinei pakati zvabuda, mass Chiyero chekudzidziswa kwevagadziri munyika yedu, nhamo, yakaremara. Uye kana tikabva pakuenzanisa vakundi veOlympiads dzepasirese neakapedza kudzidza kuOhio State College kuenzanisa vanhu vakawanda kana vashoma vanoenzaniswa, zvino mutsauko, zvinosuwisa, unoshamisa. Ngatiti ndakadzidza kuMoscow State University uye ndakaverenga tsvakurudzo neMIT vadzidzi - uye izvi, nhamo, idanho rakasiyana zvachose. Dzidzo muRussia - kunyange chirongwa chekudzidzisa chisingadi mari yekushandisa mari - chinotevera huwandu hwebudiriro yenyika uye, zvichipihwa iyo yakaderera mwero wemihoro muindasitiri, nekufamba kwemakore, mukuona kwangu, iri kuramba ichiwedzera. Zvinoita here kudzoreredza maitiro aya kana kuti inguva yekutumira vana kuti vadzidze kuAmerica? Ndinokurudzira kukurukura izvi mumashoko.
Chidzidzo chepakutanga chinogona kuverengwa pano:
Source: www.habr.com