Ndatenda kune munyori weblog nokuda kweshoko rake
Nhanganyaya
Chinyorwa ichi chakanyorwa mushure memusangano uyu uye ine pfupiso yemushumo wandakapa. Chiitiko chacho chakaitika muna June muSt. Tichifunga kuti ndinoshanda nzvimbo kubva panzvimbo yemusangano, handina kukwanisa kuita kunze kwekupinda chiitiko ichi. Muna 2016 na2017, ndakateerera mishumo yemusangano, uye gore rino ndakapa mharidzo. Chekutanga, nyaya inonakidza (inoratidzika kwandiri) yaonekwa, yatiri kugadzira nayo , uye chechipiri, mushure mekudzidza kwenguva refu kwemutemo weRussian Federation maererano nemitemo yezvirango, pabhizinesi randinoshanda, marezinesi akawanda akaonekwa. .
Ndisati ndaenda kumusoro wehurukuro yangu, ndinoda kuona kurongeka kwakanaka kwechiitiko chacho. Peji rekushanyira remusangano rinoshandisa mufananidzo weKazan Cathedral. Cathedral ndiyo imwe yezvinokwezva zvikuru zveSt. Petersburg uye inonyatsooneka kubva muhoro makaitwa musangano.
Pamukova weSt. Petersburg State Economic University, vatori vechikamu vakasangana nevabatsiri kubva pakati pevadzidzi - havana kuvabvumira kurasika. Panguva yekunyoresa, zviyeuchidzo zvidiki zvakapihwa (toyi - inopenya spike, peni, zvimiti zvine Wolfram zviratidzo). Zvokudya zvemasikati uye zvekofi zvakabatanidzwawo muhurongwa hwemusangano. Ndakatoona nezvekofi inonaka uye pie pamadziro eboka - vabiki vakanaka. Nechikamu ichi chekutanga, ndinoda kusimbisa kuti chiitiko chacho pachacho, chimiro chayo uye nzvimbo zviri kutounza manzwiro akanaka.
Chirevo chakagadzirirwa neni naKirill Belov chinonzi "Kushandisa Wolfram Mathematica kugadzirisa matambudziko mune yakashandiswa geophysics. Ongororo yekuona seismic data kana "kwaimhanya nzizi dzekare." Izvo zviri mushumo zvinovhara zvikamu zviviri: chekutanga, kushandiswa kwealgorithms inowanikwa mukati yekuongorora geophysical data, uye chechipiri, iyi ndiyo nzira yekuisa geophysical data muWolfram Mathematica.
Seismic kuongorora
Kutanga iwe unofanirwa kuita rwendo rupfupi mune geophysics. Geophysics ndiyo sainzi inodzidza zvimiro zvematombo. Zvakanaka, sezvo matombo ane zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana: magetsi, magnetic, elastic, kune nzira dzinoenderana dze geophysics: magetsi ekutsvaga, magnetic prospecting, seismic prospecting ... Muchirevo chechinyorwa chino, isu tichangokurukura seismic prospecting zvakadzama. Seismic kuongorora ndiyo nzira huru yekutsvaga mafuta uye gasi. Iyo nzira yakavakirwa pakunakidzwa kweiyo elastic vibrations uye kunotevera kurekodha kwemhinduro kubva kumatombo anoumba nzvimbo yekudzidza. Mavibrations anonakidzwa panyika (ine dynamite kana asiri-anoputika vibration masosi e elastic vibrations) kana mugungwa (nepfuti dzemhepo). Elastic vibrations inopararira kuburikidza nedombo guru, ichidzokororwa uye ichiratidzwa pamiganhu yezvikamu zvine zvinhu zvakasiyana. Masaisai akatariswa anodzokera kumusoro uye anorekodhwa nema geophones pasi (kazhinji electrodynamic zvishandiso zvinoenderana nekufamba kwemagineti yakamiswa mucoil) kana mahydrophone mugungwa (zvichienderana nepiezoelectric athari). Nenguva yekusvika kwemafungu, munhu anogona kutonga kudzika kwe geological layers.
Seismic mudziyo wekukwevera midziyo
Pfuti yemhepo inokurudzira kudengenyeka kwe elastic
Mafungu anopfuura nepakati pedombo guru uye anorekodhwa nemahydrophone
Geophysical survey research mudziyo "Ivan Gubkin" papier padyo neBlagoveshchensky Bridge muSt.
Seismic chiratidzo chemuenzaniso
Matombo ane zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvemuviri. Kuongorora seismic, elastic zvimiro zvinonyanya kukosha - kumhanya kwekupararira kwe elastic vibrations uye density. Kana zvidimbu zviviri zvine zvinhu zvakafanana kana zvakafanana, ipapo wave "haazocherechedzi" muganhu pakati pavo. Kana masaisai achimhanyisa mumatanho akasiyana, ipapo kuratidzira kuchaitika pamuganhu wezvikamu. Iyo yakakura kusiyana kwezvivakwa, iyo yakanyanya kuratidzwa. Kusimba kwayo kuchatemerwa neanoratidza coefficient (rc):
apo Ο ndiyo density yedombo, Ξ½ ndiko kumhanya kwemafungu, 1 na 2 inoratidza mativi ekumusoro neazasi.
Imwe yeakareruka uye anowanzo shandiswa seismic masaini modhi ndiyo convolution modhi, apo yakarekodhwa seismic trace inomiririrwa semhedzisiro yekuchinja kwenhevedzano yekuratidzira coefficients ine pulse yekuongorora:
kupi s(t) - seismic trace, i.e. zvese zvakanyorwa ne hydrophone kana geophone panguva yakatarwa yekurekodha, w(t) - chiratidzo chinogadzirwa nepfuti yemhepo, n(t) - ruzha ruzha.
Ngativerengei synthetic seismic trace semuenzaniso. Tichashandisa iyo Ricker pulse, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukuongorora seismic, sechiratidzo chekutanga.
length=0.050; (*Signal lenght*)
dt=0.001;(*Sample rate of signal*)
t=Range[-length/2,(length)/2,dt];(*Signal time*)
f=35;(*Central frequency*)
wavelet=(1.0-2.0*(Pi^2)*(f^2)*(t^2))*Exp[-(Pi^2)*(f^2)*(t^2)];
ListLinePlot[wavelet, Frame->True,PlotRange->Full,Filling->Axis,PlotStyle->Black,
PlotLabel->Style["Initial wavelet",Black,20],
LabelStyle->Directive[Black,Italic],
FillingStyle->{White,Black},ImageSize->Large,InterpolationOrder->2]Kutanga seismic impulse
Isu tichaisa miganhu miviri pakadzika kwe300 ms uye 600 ms, uye iyo yekuratidzira coefficients ichave isina kujairika nhamba.
rcExample=ConstantArray[0,1000];
rcExample[[300]]=RandomReal[{-1,0}];
rcExample[[600]]=RandomReal[{0,1}];
ListPlot[rcExample,Filling->0,Frame->True,Axes->False,PlotStyle->Black,
PlotLabel->Style["Reflection Coefficients",Black,20],
LabelStyle->Directive[Black,Italic]]Kutevedzana kwe reflection coefficients
Ngativerenge uye tiratidze seismic trace. Sezvo iwo maratidziro coefficients aine zviratidzo zvakasiyana, tinowana maviri anotsinhanisa maratidziro pane iyo seismic trace.
traceExamle=ListConvolve[wavelet[[1;;;;1]],rcExample];
ListPlot[traceExamle,
PlotStyle->Black,Filling->0,Frame->True,Axes->False,
PlotLabel->Style["Seismic trace",Black,20],
LabelStyle->Directive[Black,Italic]]Simulated track
Kune uyu muenzaniso, zvinodikanwa kuita chengetedzo - muchokwadi, kudzika kwezvikamu kunotemerwa, hongu, mumamita, uye kuverenga kweiyo seismic trace kunoitika kune iyo nguva domain. Zvingave zvakanyatsorurama kuseta kudzika mumamita uye kuverenga nguva dzekusvika uchiziva mavhavha ari muzvikamu. Muchiitiko ichi, ini ndakabva ndaseta marata pane axis yenguva.
Kana tikataura nezve tsvakiridzo yemumunda, saka semhedzisiro yekutarisa kwakadai nhamba yakakura yenguva dzakafanana dzakateedzana (seismic traces) inorekodhwa. Semuenzaniso, paunenge uchidzidza saiti 25 km kureba uye 15 km yakafara, apo, semugumisiro webasa, imwe neimwe trace inoratidza sero rinoyera 25x25 metres (sero rakadaro rinonzi bhini), yekupedzisira data array ichava ne600000 traces. Ne sampling nguva ye1 ms uye nguva yekurekodha ye5 seconds, iyo yekupedzisira data file ichave inopfuura 11 GB, uye ivhu rekutanga "raw" zvinhu zvinogona kuva mazana egigabytes.
Maitiro ekushanda navo ?
Package
Kugadzirwa kwepasuru kwakatanga pamadziro eVK eboka rekutsigira rinotaura chiRussian. Nekuda kwemhinduro dzenharaunda, mhinduro yakawanikwa nekukurumidza. Uye somuuyo, yakakura kuva kukura kwakakomba. Zvinoenderana Yakatonyorwa nemamoderators. Parizvino, iyo package inotsigira kushanda neanotevera data marudzi ayo anoshandiswa zvakanyanya muindasitiri ye geological:
- Kupinzwa kwedata remepu muZMAP uye IRAP mafomati
- kunze kwezviyero muLAS fomati matsime
- kupinza uye kubuda kweiyo seismic mafaira fomati
Kuti uise iyo pasuru, iwe unofanirwa kutevedzera mirairo pane yekurodha peji yepakeji yakaunganidzwa, i.e. ita kodhi inotevera mune chero :
If[PacletInformation["GeologyIO"] === {}, PacletInstall[URLDownload[
"https://wolfr.am/FiQ5oFih",
FileNameJoin[{CreateDirectory[], "GeologyIO-0.2.2.paclet"}]
]]]Mushure meiyo iyo package ichaiswa mune yakasarudzika folda, iyo nzira inogona kuwanikwa seinotevera:
FileNameJoin[{$UserBasePacletsDirectory, "Repository"}]Semuenzaniso, isu ticharatidza kugona kukuru kwepakeji. Kufona kunoitwa pachinyakare mapakeji muWolfram Mutauro:
Get["GeologyIO`"]Iyo package inogadzirwa uchishandisa . Izvi zvinokutendera kuti uperekedze basa guru repakeji nezvinyorwa, izvo maererano nefomati yemharidzo haina kusiyana nezvinyorwa zveWolfram Mathematica pachayo, uye kupa iyo package nemafaira ekuyedza ekutanga kuzivana.
Iyo faira yakadaro, kunyanya, iyo faira "Marmousi.segy" - iyi imhando yekugadzira yechikamu che geological, iyo yakagadzirwa neFrench Petroleum Institute. Uchishandisa iyi modhi, vanogadzira vanoyedza yavo algorithms ye wave field modelling, data processing, seismic trace inversion, nezvimwe. Iyo Marmous modhi pachayo inochengetwa mune repository kubva pakatorwa pasuru pachayo. Kuti uwane iyo faira, mhanyisa inotevera kodhi:
If[Not[FileExistsQ["Marmousi.segy"]],
URLDownload["https://wolfr.am/FiQGh7rk", "Marmousi.segy"];]
marmousi = SEGYImport["Marmousi.segy"]Ngenisa mhedzisiro - SEGYData chinhu
Iyo SEGY fomati inosanganisira kuchengetedza ruzivo rwakasiyana nezvekutarisa. Chekutanga, aya ndiwo mashoko echinyorwa. Izvi zvinosanganisira ruzivo nezve nzvimbo yebasa, mazita emakambani akaita zviyero, nezvimwe. Kwatiri, musoro uyu unoshevedzwa nechikumbiro neTextHeader kiyi. Heinoi musoro wemavara mupfupi:
Short[marmousi["TextHeader"]]"The Marmous data set yakagadzirwa kuInstitute ... nimum velocity ye1500 m/s uye inodarika 5500 m/s)"
Iwe unogona kuratidza iyo chaiyo geological modhi nekuwana seismic traces uchishandisa "traces" kiyi (chimwe chezvimiro zvepakeji ndechekuti makiyi haanzwe):
ArrayPlot[Transpose[marmousi["traces"]], PlotTheme -> "Detailed"]Muenzaniso Marmous
Parizvino, iyo pasuru zvakare inobvumidza iwe kurodha data muzvikamu kubva kumafaira makuru, zvichiita kuti zvikwanise kugadzirisa mafaira ane saizi inogona kusvika makumi emagigabytes. Zvishandiso zvepasuru yacho zvinosanganisirawo mabasa ekutumira data kune .segy uye kuwedzera zvishoma kusvika kumagumo efaira.
Kusiyana, zvakakosha kucherechedza kushanda kwepakiti paunenge uchishanda nehutano hwakaoma hwe .segy mafaira. Sezvo zvichikutendera kuti usangokwanisa kuwana zviteshi zvega uye misoro uchishandisa makiyi uye indexes, asiwo kuti uchinje uye wozonyora kune faira. Mazhinji ehunyanzvi ehunyanzvi hwekuitwa kweGeologyIO ari pamusoro pechikamu chechinyorwa ichi uye pamwe anokodzera tsananguro yakaparadzana.
Kukoshera kwekuongorora kwe spectral mukutsvaga seismic
Iko kugona kupinza seismic data muWolfram Mathematica inobvumidza iwe kushandisa yakavakirwa-mukati masaini kugadzirisa mashandiro kune yekuyedza data. Sezvo yega yega seismic trace inomiririra nhevedzano yenguva, chimwe chezvishandiso zvikuru zvekudzidzidza ndeye spectral analysis. Pakati pezvinodiwa zvekuongorora kuwanda kweiyo seismic data, tinogona kudoma, semuenzaniso, zvinotevera:
- Mhando dzakasiyana dzemasaisai dzinoratidzwa neyakasiyana frequency kuumbwa. Izvi zvinokutendera kuti utarise masaisai anobatsira uye kudzvanya mafungu ekukanganisa.
- Dombo zvimiro senge porosity uye saturation zvinogona kukanganisa frequency kuumbwa. Izvi zvinoita kuti zvikwanise kuziva matombo ane zvinhu zvakanakisisa.
- Matunhu ane hukobvu hwakasiyana anokonzera anomalies muma frequency akasiyana.
Pfungwa yechitatu ndiyo huru muchirevo chechinyorwa chino. Pazasi pane chidimbu chekodhi chekuverenga seismic traces mune iyo layer ine hukobvu hwakasiyana - wedge modhi. Iyi modhi inogara ichidzidzwa mukutsvagisa seismic kuongorora kukanganisa kunokanganisa kana masaisai anoratidzwa kubva kune akawanda akaturikidzana akaiswa pamusoro peumwe neumwe.
nx=200;(* Number of grid points in X direction*)
ny=200;(* Number of grid points in Y direction*)
T=2;(*Total propagation time*)
(*Velocity and density*)
modellv=Table[4000,{i,1,ny},{j,1,nx}];(* P-wave velocity in m/s*)
rho=Table[2200,{i,1,ny},{j,1,nx}];(* Density in g/cm^3, used constant density*)
Table[modellv[[150-Round[i*0.5];;,i]]=4500;,{i,1,200}];
Table[modellv[[;;70,i]]=4500;,{i,1,200}];
(*Plotting model*)
MatrixPlot[modellv,PlotLabel->Style["Model of layer",Black,20],
LabelStyle->Directive[Black,Italic]]Muenzaniso wepinch-out kuumbwa
Kumhanya kwewave mukati meweji i4500 m/s, kunze kwewedge 4000 m/s, uye density inofungidzirwa kugara 2200 g/cmΒ³. Kune yakadaro modhi, isu tinoverenga reflection coefficients uye seismic trace.
rc=Table[N[(modellv[[All,i]]-PadLeft[modellv[[All,i]],201,4000][[1;;200]])/(modellv[[All,i]]+PadLeft[modellv[[All,i]],201,4500][[1;;200]])],{i,1,200}];
traces=Table[ListConvolve[wavelet[[1;;;;1]],rc[[i]]],{i,1,200}];
starttrace=10;
endtrace=200;
steptrace=10;
trasenum=Range[starttrace,endtrace,steptrace];
traserenum=Range[Length@trasenum];
tracedist=0.5;
Rotate[Show[
Reverse[Table[
ListLinePlot[traces[[trasenum[[i]]]]*50+trasenum[[i]]*tracedist,Filling->{1->{trasenum[[i]]*tracedist,{RGBColor[0.97,0.93,0.68],Black}}},PlotStyle->Directive[Gray,Thin],PlotRange->Full,InterpolationOrder->2,Axes->False,Background->RGBColor[0.97,0.93,0.68]],
{i,1,Length@trasenum}]],ListLinePlot[Transpose[{ConstantArray[45,80],Range[80]}],PlotStyle->Red],PlotRange->All,Frame->True],270Degree]Seismic traces ye wedge modhi
Kutevedzana kwekudengenyeka kwenyika kunoratidzwa mumufananidzo uyu kunonzi chikamu chekudengenyeka kwenyika. Sezvauri kuona, kududzira kwayo kunogonawo kuitiswa padanho rinonzwisisika, sezvo geometry yemafungu anoratidzwa inoenderana zvakajeka nemuenzaniso wakambotaurwa. Kana iwe ukaongorora maronda mune zvakadzama, iwe uchaona kuti mitsara kubva pa1 kusvika pamakumi matatu haina kusiyana - ratidziro kubva padenga rekuumbwa uye kubva pasi hazvipindirane. Kutanga kubva ku30st trace, kuratidzira kunotanga kupindira. Uye, kunyangwe mumuenzaniso, iwo maratidziro coefficients haachinje akatwasuka - maratidziro ekudengenyeka anoshandura kusimba kwawo sezvo ukobvu hwekuumbwa hunochinja.
Ngatitarisei amplitude yekufungisisa kubva kumuganhu wepamusoro wekuumbwa. Kutanga kubva panzira ye60, kusimba kwekuratidzira kunotanga kuwedzera uye panzira ye70 inova yakanyanya. Iyi ndiyo nzira iyo kupindira kwemafungu kubva padenga uye pasi pezvikamu zvinozviratidza, zvichiita mune zvimwe zviitiko kune zvakakosha kusakanganiswa mune seismic rekodhi.
ListLinePlot[GaussianFilter[Abs[traces[[All,46]]],3][[;;;;2]],
InterpolationOrder->2,Frame->True,PlotStyle->Black,
PlotLabel->Style["Amplitude of reflection",Black,20],
LabelStyle->Directive[Black,Italic],
PlotRange->All]Girafu yeamplitude yeinoratidzwa wave kubva kumucheto wepamusoro weweji
Zvine musoro kuti kana chiratidzo chiri pasi-frequency, kupindira kunotanga kuonekwa pahupamhi hwekugadzira hukuru, uye munyaya ye-high-frequency signal, kupindira kunoitika pane zviduku zvishoma. Iyo inotevera kodhi snippet inogadzira chiratidzo chine ma frequency e35 Hz, 55 Hz uye 85 Hz.
waveletSet=Table[(1.0-2.0*(Pi^2)*(f^2)*(t^2))*Exp[-(Pi^2)*(f^2)*(t^2)],
{f,{35,55,85}}];
ListLinePlot[waveletSet,PlotRange->Full,PlotStyle->Black,Frame->True,
PlotLabel->Style["Set of wavelets",Black,20],
LabelStyle->Directive[Black,Italic],
ImageSize->Large,InterpolationOrder->2]Seti yemasaini masaini ane ma frequency e35 Hz, 55Hz, 85Hz
Nekuverenga seismic trace uye kuronga magirafu einoratidzwa mafungu amplitudes, tinogona kuona kuti kune akasiyana ma frequency anomaly anocherechedzwa pamhando dzakasiyana dzemaumbirwo.
tracesSet=Table[ListConvolve[waveletSet[[j]][[1;;;;1]],rc[[i]]],{j,1,3},{i,1,200}];
lowFreq=ListLinePlot[GaussianFilter[Abs[tracesSet[[1]][[All,46]]],3][[;;;;2]],InterpolationOrder->2,PlotStyle->Black,PlotRange->All];
medFreq=ListLinePlot[GaussianFilter[Abs[tracesSet[[2]][[All,46]]],3][[;;;;2]],InterpolationOrder->2,PlotStyle->Black,PlotRange->All];
highFreq=ListLinePlot[GaussianFilter[Abs[tracesSet[[3]][[All,46]]],3][[;;;;2]],InterpolationOrder->2,PlotStyle->Black,PlotRange->All];
Show[lowFreq,medFreq,highFreq,PlotRange->{{0,100},All},
PlotLabel->Style["Amplitudes of reflection",Black,20],
LabelStyle->Directive[Black,Italic],
Frame->True]Magirafu emaamplitudes einoratidzwa wave kubva kumucheto wepamusoro weweji kune akasiyana ma frequency.
Iko kugona kutora mhedziso pamusoro pehukubvu hwekuumbwa kubva pamhedzisiro yekutarisa seismic kunobatsira zvakanyanya, nekuti rimwe remabasa makuru mukutsvagisa oiri ndeyekuongorora iyo inonyanya kuvimbisa mapoinzi ekuisa tsime (kureva, idzo nzvimbo dzine kuumbwa. mukobvu). Mukuwedzera, muchikamu che geological panogona kunge kune zvinhu izvo genesis inokonzera kuchinja kwakapinza muhuwandu hwekuumbwa. Izvi zvinoita kuti spectral ongororo ive chishandiso chinoshanda chekudzidza ivo. Muchikamu chinotevera chechinyorwa tichatarisa zvinhu zvakadaro zve geological zvakadzama.
Experimental data. Wakazviwanepi uye zvekutsvaga mazviri?
Zvinhu zvakaongororwa munyaya yacho zvakawanikwa muWestern Siberia. Nharaunda, senge munhu wese asingasarudzi angangoziva, inzvimbo huru inogadzira oiri yenyika yedu. Kubudirira kwekusimudzira kwedhipoziti kwakatanga mudunhu mu60s yezana ramakore rapfuura. Nzira huru yekutsvaga madhipoziti emafuta ndeyekuongorora seismic. Zvinonakidza kutarisa mifananidzo yesatellite yenzvimbo ino. Pamwero diki, unogona kuona huwandu hukuru hwemachakwi nemadziva; nekuwedzera mepu, unogona kuona nzvimbo dzekuchera matsime, uye nekuwedzera mepu kusvika painogumira, unogona zvakare kusiyanisa kucheneswa kwemaprofayiri ane seismic. ongororo dzakaitwa.
Satellite mufananidzo weYandex mamepu - Noyabrsk guta nharaunda
Network yematsime pads pane imwe yeminda
Matombo anotakura mafuta eWestern Siberia anoitika munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzakadzika - kubva pa1 km kusvika ku5 km. Iyo huru vhoriyamu yematombo ane mafuta yakaumbwa muJurassic uye Cretaceous nguva. Iyo nguva yeJurassic ingangove inozivikanwa kune vakawanda kubva mufirimu rezita rimwe chete. yakanga yakasiyana zvikuru neyemazuva ano. The Encyclopedia Britannica ine nhevedzano yepaleomaps inoratidza nguva yega yega yehelogical.
Parizvino
Nguva yeJurassic
Ndapota cherechedza kuti munguva dzeJurassic, nharaunda yeWestern Siberia yaiva gungwa regungwa (nyika yakayambuka nenzizi uye gungwa risina kudzika). Sezvo mamiriro ekunze aive akanaka, tinogona kufunga kuti chimiro chenguva iyoyo chakaita seizvi:
Jurassic Siberia
Mumufananidzo uyu, zvakakosha kwatiri hazvisi mhuka neshiri, asi mufananidzo werwizi kumashure. Rwizi ndirwo chinhu chimwe chete che geological chatakambomira pachiri. Chokwadi ndechekuti kushanda kwenzizi kunoita kuti matombo ejecha akanyatsorongedzwa aungane, anozova dura remafuta. Aya madhirigi anogona kuve neasinganzwisisike, akaomesesa chimiro (semubhedha werwizi) uye ane hukobvu hwakasiyana-siyana - pedyo nemahombekombe ukobvu hudiki, asi padyo nepakati pechaneli kana munzvimbo dzakapfava hunowedzera. Saka, nzizi dzakaumbwa muJurassic dzave pakadzika makiromita angangoita matatu uye ndiyo chinhu chekutsvaga matangi emafuta.
Experimental data. Kugadzirisa uye kuona
Ngatibvei tiite chengetedzo nezvezvinhu zve seismic zvakaratidzwa muchinyorwa - nekuda kwekuti huwandu hwe data hunoshandiswa pakuongorora hwakakosha - chidimbu chete cheiyo yekutanga seti yekutepfenyura inosanganisirwa muzvinyorwa zvechinyorwa. Izvi zvinobvumira chero munhu kuburitsa zvakare masvomhu ari pamusoro.
Paunenge uchishanda neiyo seismic data, geophysicist inowanzo shandisa yakasarudzika software (kune akati wandei vatungamiriri veindasitiri vane budiriro inoshandiswa, semuenzaniso Petrel kana Paradigm), iyo inokutendera kuti uongorore marudzi akasiyana e data uye ine nyore graphical interface. Pasinei nezvose zviri nyore, aya marudzi e-software anewo zvipingamupinyi zvawo - semuenzaniso, kushandiswa kwemazuva ano algorithms mushanduro dzakagadzikana kunotora nguva yakawanda, uye mikana yekuverenga otomatiki inowanzogumira. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, zvinova nyore kushandisa masvomhu emakombuta uye mitauro yepamusoro-yepamusoro-purogiramu, iyo inobvumira kushandiswa kwehupamhi hwealgorithmic base uye, panguva imwe chete, kutora maitiro akawanda. Uyu ndiwo musimboti unoshandiswa kushanda neseismic data muWolfram Mathematica. Hazvina kufanira kunyora hupfumi hwekuita basa rekudyidzana nedata - zvakanyanya kukosha kuve nechokwadi chekurodha kubva kune inogamuchirwa fomati, uchishandisa iyo inodiwa maalgorithms kwavari uye nekuidzosera kune yekunze fomati.
Tichitevera chirongwa chakarongwa, isu tichaisa iyo yekutanga seismic data uye toiratidza mukati :
Get["GeologyIO`"]
seismic3DZipPath = "seismic3D.zip";
seismic3DSEGYPath = "seismic3D.sgy";
If[FileExistsQ[seismic3DZipPath], DeleteFile[seismic3DZipPath]];
If[FileExistsQ[seismic3DSEGYPath], DeleteFile[seismic3DSEGYPath]];
URLDownload["https://wolfr.am/FiQIuZuH", seismic3DZipPath];
ExtractArchive[seismic3DZipPath];
seismic3DSEGY = SEGYImport[seismic3DSEGYPath]Iyo data yakadhawunirodha uye yakaunzwa kunze nenzira iyi ndiyo nzira dzakarekodhwa panzvimbo inoyera 10 ne5 makiromita. Kana iyo data yakawanikwa uchishandisa matatu-dimensional seismic ongororo nzira (masaisai anorekodhwa kwete pamwe chete geophysical profiles, asi pamusoro penzvimbo yese panguva imwe chete), zvinoita kuti uwane seismic data cubes. Izvi zvinhu zvitatu-dimensional, zvakadzika uye zvakachinjika zvikamu izvo zvinobvumira ongororo yakadzama yenzvimbo yejoloji. Mumuenzaniso wakatariswa, tiri kubata neatatu-dimensional data. Tinogona kuwana rumwe ruzivo kubva kumusoro wezvinyorwa, sezvizvi
StringPartition[seismic3DSEGY["textheader"], 80] // TableFormC 1 IYI NDIYE DEMO FILE FOR GEOLOGYIO PACKAGE TEST
C 2
C 3
C 4
C 5 ZUVA REMUSHANDISI ZITA: WOLFRAM USER
C 6 ZITA REKUSVIRA: KUNEIMWE MWENGU MUSIBERIA
C 7 FILE TYPE 3D SEISMIC VOLUME
C 8
C 9
C10 Z RANGE: YEKUTANGA 2200M ROKUPEDZISIRA 2400M
Iyi data seti ichave yakakwana kuti isu tiratidze matanho makuru ekuongorora data. Maronda ari mufaira anorekodhwa zvakatevedzana uye chimwe nechimwe chazvo chinotaridzika senge chifananidzo chinotevera - uku ndiko kugoverwa kweamplitudes yemasaisai anoratidzwa pamwe neakisi yakamira (yakadzika axis).
ListLinePlot[seismic3DSEGY["traces"][[100]], InterpolationOrder -> 2,
PlotStyle -> Black, PlotLabel -> Style["Seismic trace", Black, 20],
LabelStyle -> Directive[Black, Italic], PlotRange -> All,
Frame -> True, ImageSize -> 1200, AspectRatio -> 1/5]Imwe yeiyismic chikamu chinoteedzera
Kuziva kuti mangani matrace anowanikwa munzira yega yega yenzvimbo yakadzidzwa, unogona kugadzira matatu-dimensional data array uye woiratidza uchishandisa iyo Image3D[] basa.
traces=seismic3DSEGY["traces"];
startIL=1050;EndIL=2000;stepIL=2; (*ΠΊΠΎΠΎΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ° Π₯ Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»Π° ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ° ΡΡΡΠΌΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π³ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ*)
startXL=1165;EndXL=1615;stepXL=2; (*ΠΊΠΎΠΎΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ° Y Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»Π° ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ° ΡΡΡΠΌΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π³ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ*)
numIL=(EndIL-startIL)/stepIL+1; (*ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠΈΡ Π₯*)
numXL=(EndXL-startXL)/stepIL+1; (*ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠΈΡ Y*)
Image3D[ArrayReshape[Abs[traces/Max[Abs[traces[[All,1;;;;4]]]]],{numIL,numXL,101}],ViewPoint->{-1, 0, 0},Background->RGBColor[0,0,0]]Mufananidzo weXNUMXD weseismic data cube. (Vertical axis - kudzika)
Kana iyo geological maficha ekufarira akagadzira yakanyanya seismic anomalies, ipapo maturusi ekuona ane pachena anogona kushandiswa. "Zvisina kukosha" nzvimbo dzekurekodha dzinogona kuitwa dzisingaoneki, dzichisiya chete anomalies kuonekwa. MuWolfram Mathematica izvi zvinogona kuitwa uchishandisa ΠΈ .
data = ArrayReshape[Abs[traces/Max[Abs[traces[[All,1;;;;4]]]]],{numIL,numXL,101}];
Graphics3D[{Opacity[0.1], Raster3D[data, ColorFunction->"RainbowOpacity"]},
Boxed->False, SphericalRegion->True, ImageSize->840, Background->None]Seismic data cube mufananidzo uchishandisa Opacity[] uye Raster3D[] mabasa
Sezviri mumuenzaniso wekugadzira, pazvikamu zvekutanga cube munhu anogona kuona mimwe miganhu yejoloji (matanho) ane zororo rakasiyana.
Chishandiso chikuru chekuongorora spectral ndiyo Fourier shanduko. Nerubatsiro rwayo, unogona kuongorora amplitude-frequency spectrum yeimwe neimwe trace kana boka rematanho. Nekudaro, mushure mekuendesa iyo data kune frequency domain, ruzivo rwunorasika nezve nguva dzipi (verenga pakadzika zvakadzika) frequency inoshanduka. Kuti ukwanise kugarisa shanduko yechiratidzo paakisi yenguva (yakadzika), iyo yakavharwa neFourier shanduko uye kuparara kwewavelet inoshandiswa. Ichi chinyorwa chinoshandisa wavelet decomposition. Wavelet yekuongorora tekinoroji yakatanga kushandiswa zvine mutsindo mukuongorora seismic muma90s. Iyo mukana pamusoro peiyo ine hwindo yeFourier shanduko inoonekwa sezviri nani kugadzirisa nguva.
Uchishandisa chimedu chekodhi chinotevera, unogona kuparadza imwe yemateki ekudengenyeka muzvikamu zvega:
cwd=ContinuousWaveletTransform[seismicSection["traces"][[100]]]
Show[
ListLinePlot[Re[cwd[[1]]],PlotRange->All],
ListLinePlot[seismicSection["traces"][[100]],
PlotStyle->Black,PlotRange->All],ImageSize->{1500,500},AspectRatio->Full,
PlotLabel->Style["Wavelet decomposition",Black,32],
LabelStyle->Directive[Black,Italic],
PlotRange->All,
Frame->True]Kuparara kwechidimbu kuita zvikamu
Kuongorora kuti simba rekuratidzira rinogovaniswa sei panguva dzakasiyana dzekusvika kwemafungu, ma scalograms (anofanana ne spectrogram) anoshandiswa. Sezvo mutemo, mukuita hapana chikonzero chekuongorora zvikamu zvose. Kazhinji, yakaderera, yepakati uye yakakwirira frequency zvikamu zvinosarudzwa.
freq=(500/(#*contWD["Wavelet"]["FourierFactor"]))&/@(Thread[{Range[contWD["Octaves"]],1}]/.contWD["Scales"])//Round;
ticks=Transpose[{Range[Length[freq]],freq}];
WaveletScalogram[contWD,Frame->True,FrameTicks->{{ticks,Automatic},Automatic},FrameTicksStyle->Directive[Orange,12],
FrameLabel->{"Time","Frequency(Hz)"},LabelStyle->Directive[Black,Bold,14],
ColorFunction->"RustTones",ImageSize->Large]Scalogram. Mhedzisiro yebasa
Mutauro weWolfram unoshandisa basa rekushandura wavevelet . Uye kushandiswa kweiyi basa kune yese seti yematehwe ichaitwa uchishandisa basa . Pano zvakakosha kucherechedza chimwe chemasimba eWolfram Mathematica - kukwanisa kushandisa parallelization . Mumuenzaniso wepamusoro, hapana chikonzero chekufananidza - huwandu hwe data hahuna kukura, asi kana uchishanda nemaseti ekuedza data ane mazana ezviuru zvekutsvaga, izvi zvinodikanwa.
tracesCWD=Table[Map[Hilbert[#,0]&,Re[ContinuousWaveletTransform[traces[[i]]][[1]]][[{13,15,18}]]],{i,1,Length@traces}]; Mushure mekushandisa basa Maseti matsva edata anooneka anoenderana neakasarudzwa frequency. Mumuenzaniso uri pamusoro, aya mafambiro ndeaya: 38Hz, 33Hz, 27Hz. Sarudzo yemafrequency inowanzoitwa pahwaro hwekuyedzwa - vanowana mamepu anoshanda eakasiyana ma frequency musanganiswa uye vanosarudza iyo inonyanya kudzidzisa kubva pakuona kweiyo geologist.
Kana iwe uchida kugovera mhedzisiro nevaunoshanda navo kana kuvapa kune mutengi, unogona kushandisa iyo SEGYExport[] basa reiyo GeologyIO package.
outputdata=seismic3DSEGY;
outputdata["traces",1;;-1]=tracesCWD[[All,3]];
outputdata["textheader"]="Wavelet Decomposition Result";
outputdata["binaryheader","NumberDataTraces"]=Length[tracesCWD[[All,3]]];
SEGYExport["D:result.segy",outputdata];Nematatu eaya macube (yakaderera-frequency, yepakati-frequency, uye yakakwirira-frequency zvikamu), RGB musanganiswa unowanzo shandiswa kuona data pamwechete. Chimwe nechimwe chikamu chinopihwa ruvara rwayo - tsvuku, girini, bhuruu. MuWolfram Mathematica izvi zvinogona kuitwa uchishandisa basa .
Mhedzisiro ndiyo mifananidzo iyo kududzirwa kwe geological kunogona kuitwa. Iyo meanders yakanyorwa pachikamu inoita kuti zvikwanise kutsanangura mapaleochannels, ayo anogona kunge ari matura uye ane matura emafuta. Kutsvaga uye kuongororwa kwemaanalogue emazuva ano erwizi rwakadaro runotibvumira kuona zvikamu zvinonyanya kuvimbiswa zve meanders. Iwo machani pachawo anoratidzirwa neakakora akaturikidzana ejecha rakanyatsorongedzwa uye inzvimbo yakanaka yekuchengetedza oiri. Nzvimbo dziri kunze kwe "lace" anomalies dzakafanana neazvino mafashama deposits. Floodplain deposits inomiririrwa zvakanyanya nematombo ane clayey uye kuchera munzvimbo idzi hakuzoshande.
RGB chidimbu che data cube. Pakati (zvishoma kuruboshwe kwepakati) unogona kutsvaga rwizi runoyerera.
RGB chidimbu che data cube. Kurutivi rworuboshwe unogona kuronda rwizi runoyerera.
Mune zvimwe zviitiko, mhando ye data seismic inobvumira zvakanyanya kujeka mifananidzo. Izvi zvinoenderana nemaitiro ebasa remumunda, midziyo inoshandiswa nealgorithm yekudzikisa ruzha. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, kwete chete zvidimbu zvenzizi zvirongwa zvinoonekwa, asiwo yose yakawedzerwa paleo-nzizi.
RGB kusanganiswa kwezvikamu zvitatu zveseismic data cube (yakatwasuka chidimbu). Kudzika kunosvika 2 km.
Satellite mufananidzo weVolga River pedyo neSaratov
mhedziso
Wolfram Mathematica inogona kuongorora seismic data uye kugadzirisa matambudziko akaiswa ane chekuita nekutsvaga kwezvicherwa, uye iyo GeologyIO package inoita kuti maitiro aya ave nyore. Chimiro che data seismic ndechekuti kushandisa yakavakirwa-mukati nzira kukurumidza kuverenga (, ,β¦) inoshanda zvakanyanya uye inokutendera kuti ugadzirise huwandu hwakawanda hwe data. Kusvika pamwero mukuru, izvi zvinofambiswa neiyo data yekuchengetedza maficha eiyo GeologyIO package. Nenzira, iyo pasuru inogona kushandiswa kwete chete mumunda wekushandisa seismic kuongorora. Anenge marudzi mamwe chetewo edata anoshandiswa muvhu rinopinda radar uye seismology.Kana uine mazano ekuti ungavandudza sei chigumisiro, ayo masignal analysis algorithms kubva kuWolfram Mathematica arsenal anoshanda kune data rakadaro, kana kana uine chero macomments akakosha, ndapota. siya mhinduro.
Source: www.habr.com