Musi waNyamavhuvhu 25, 1991, mushure memwedzi mishanu yebudiriro, mudzidzi wemakore makumi maviri nerimwe Linus Torvalds. mune comp.os.minix newsgroup pamusoro pekugadzirwa kwekushanda prototype yeLinux itsva operating system, iyo kupedzwa kwe porting bash 1.08 uye gcc 1.40 yakaonekwa. Kuburitswa kweruzhinji kweLinux kernel kwakaziviswa munaGunyana 17. Core yakanga iine saizi ye62 KB muchimiro chakamisikidzwa uye yaive nezviuru gumi zvemitsara yekodhi kodhi. Iyo yemazuva ano Linux kernel ine anopfuura mamirioni makumi maviri nematanhatu mitsara yekodhi. Zvinoenderana neongororo ye10 yakapihwa neEuropean Union, mutengo unofungidzirwa wekugadzira purojekiti kubva pakatanga yakafanana neyemazuva ano Linux kernel ungave. US madhora (kuverenga kwakaitwa apo kernel yaive nemamiriyoni gumi nematatu mitsetse yekodhi), maererano fungidziro - .
Iyo Linux kernel yakafemerwa neMINIX inoshanda sisitimu, iyo Linus aisada nekuda kwerezinesi rayo shoma. Mushure meizvozvo, Linux payakave chirongwa chinozivikanwa, vasina kunaka vakaedza kupomera Linus yekukopa zvakananga kodhi yemamwe maMINIX subsystems. Kurwiswa uku kwakadzorwa naAndrew Tanenbaum, munyori weMINIX, uyo akapa mumwe wevadzidzi vake kuti aite kuenzanisa kwakadzama kweMinix kodhi uye yekutanga veruzhinji shanduro yeLinux. tsvagiridzo yakaratidza mana chete madiki kodhi kodhi machisi nekuda kwePOSIX uye ANSI C zvinodiwa.
Linus pakutanga akafunga kudaidza kernel Freax, kubva pamazwi ekuti "mahara", "freak" uye X (Unix). Asi kernel yakagamuchira zita rekuti "Linux" nekuda kweAri Lemmke, uyo, pakukumbira kwaLinus, akaisa kernel pa. yunivhesiti, ichitumidza dhairekitori neyakachengetwa kwete "freax", sekukumbirwa kwaTorvalds, asi "linux". Zvinokosha kuziva kuti muzvinabhizinesi aishambadzira William Della Croce akakwanisa kunyoresa mucherechedzo weLinux uye aida kuunganidza mari nekufamba kwenguva, asi akazochinja pfungwa dzake ndokuendesa kodzero dzese kuchiratidzo kuna Linus. Iyo yepamutemo mascot yeLinux kernel, Tux iyo penguin, yakasarudzwa semhedzisiro , yakaitwa muna 1996. Zita rokuti Tux rinomirira Torvalds UniX.
Kukura kwemasimba eiyo kernel kodhi base (nhamba yemitsara yekodhi kodhi):
- 0.0.1 - Gunyana 1991, zviuru gumi mitsetse yekodhi;
- 1.0.0 - Kurume 1994, 176 zviuru mitsetse yekodhi;
- 1.2.0 - Kurume 1995, 311 zviuru mitsetse yekodhi;
- 2.0.0 - Chikumi 1996, 778 zviuru mitsetse yekodhi;
- 2.2.0 - Ndira 1999, 1.8 miriyoni mitsetse yekodhi;
- 2.4.0 - Ndira 2001, 3.4 miriyoni mitsetse yekodhi;
- 2.6.0 - Zvita 2003, 5.9 miriyoni mitsetse yekodhi;
- 2.6.28 - Zvita 2008, 10.2 miriyoni mitsetse yekodhi;
- 2.6.35 - Nyamavhuvhu 2010, 13.4 miriyoni mitsetse yekodhi;
- 3.0 - Nyamavhuvhu 2011, 14.6 miriyoni mitsetse yekodhi.
- 3.5 - Chikunguru 2012, 15.5 miriyoni mitsetse yekodhi.
- 3.10 - Chikunguru 2013, 15.8 miriyoni mitsetse yekodhi;
- 3.16 - Nyamavhuvhu 2014, 17.5 miriyoni mitsetse yekodhi;
- 4.1 - June 2015, mamiriyoni 19.5 mitsara yekodhi;
- 4.7 - Chikunguru 2016, 21.7 miriyoni mitsetse yekodhi;
- 4.12 - Chikunguru 2017, 24.1 miriyoni mitsetse yekodhi;
- 4.18 - Nyamavhuvhu 2018, 25.3 miriyoni mitsetse yekodhi.
- 5.2 - Chikunguru 2019, 26.55 miriyoni mitsetse yekodhi.
- 5.8 - Nyamavhuvhu 2020, 28.36 miriyoni mitsetse yekodhi.
Core Development progress:
- Linux 0.0.1 - Gunyana 1991, yekutanga kuburitswa kweruzhinji, ichitsigira chete i386 CPU uye kubhowa kubva kune floppy disk;
- Linux 0.12 - Ndira 1992, iyo kodhi yakatanga kugoverwa pasi peGPLv2 rezinesi;
- Linux 0.95 - Kurume 1992, kugona kumhanyisa X Window System kunopihwa, tsigiro yekuyeuka chaiyo uye kupatsanurwa kwekuchinja kunoitwa.
- Linux 0.96-0.99 - 1992-1993, basa rakatanga pane network stack. Iyo Ext2 faira system yakaunzwa, kutsigirwa kweiyo ELF faira fomati yakawedzerwa, vatyairi vemakadhi anonzwika uye SCSI controllers vakaunzwa, kurodha kwekernel module uye iyo / proc faira system yakaitwa.
- Muna 1992, yekutanga kugovera SLS neYggdrasil yakaonekwa. Muzhizha ra1993, mapurojekiti eSlackware neDebian akavambwa.
- Linux 1.0 - Kurume 1994, yekutanga kuburitswa yakagadzikana;
- Linux 1.2 - Kurume 1995, kuwedzera kukuru kwenhamba yevatyairi, kutsigirwa kweAlfa, MIPS uye SPARC mapuratifomu, kuwedzera kugona kweiyo network stack, kutaridzika kwepaketi sefa, NFS rutsigiro;
- Linux 2.0 - June 1996, tsigiro yemultiprocessor masisitimu;
- Kurume 1997: LKML, Linux kernel developer mailing list, yakatangwa;
- 1998: Yekutanga Linux-based cluster inosanganisirwa muTop500 runyorwa yakatangwa, ine 68 node ine Alpha CPU;
- Linux 2.2 - Ndira 1999, kushanda zvakanaka kwememory management system kwakawedzera, rutsigiro rweIPv6 rwakawedzerwa, firewall nyowani yaitwa, nyowani nyowani subsystem yakaunzwa;
- Linux 2.4 - Kukadzi 2001, inopa tsigiro ye8-processor masisitimu uye 64 GB ye RAM, Ext3 faira system, USB rutsigiro, ACPI;
- Linux 2.6 - Zvita 2003, SELinux tsigiro, otomatiki tuning ye kernel paramita, sysfs, yakagadziridzwa memory management system;
- Muna 2005, Xen hypervisor yakaunzwa, iyo yakaunza nguva yekuona;
- MunaGunyana 2008, yekutanga kuburitswa kweiyo Android platform yakavakirwa paLinux kernel yakaumbwa;
- Muna Chikunguru 2011, mushure memakore gumi ekuvandudzwa kwebazi re 10.x shanduko kuenda kunhamba 3.x. Huwandu hwezvinhu zviri muGit repository hwasvika mamirioni maviri;
- Mune 2015 gore kuburitswa kweLinux kernel 4.0. Huwandu hwezvinhu zvegit mune repository hwasvika mamirioni mana;
- Muna Kubvumbi 2018 chiitiko chemamiriyoni matanhatu git zvinhu mu kernel repository.
- Muna Ndira 2019, bazi rekernel rakaumbwa . Iyo repository yasvika 6.5 miriyoni git zvinhu.
- Kernel 2020 yakaburitswa muna Nyamavhuvhu 5.8 chikuru maererano nenhamba yekuchinja kwekernels dzese panguva yekuvapo kweprojekiti.
Source: opennet.ru