Nekurambidza kuzivikanwa kwechiso, isu tiri kurasikirwa nepoindi.

Nyaya yose yekuongorora kwemazuva ano ndeyekusiyanisa pakati pevanhu kuitira kuti munhu wese abatwe zvakasiyana. Tekinoroji dzekuona chiso chinongova chikamu chidiki chehurongwa hwekutarisa hwakazara

Munyori werondedzero - Bruce Schneier, American cryptographer, munyori uye ruzivo rwekuchengetedza ruzivo. Nhengo yebhodhi revatungamiriri veInternational Association for Cryptological Research uye nhengo yedare rekupa mazano reElectronic Privacy Information Center. Chinyorwa chakaburitswa muna Ndira 20, 2020 pabhuku remunyori uye mupepanhau The New York Times.

Nharaunda dzevagari vane hanya muUnited States mose dzava kutanga kurambidza matekinoroji ekuzivikanwa kwechiso. Vakarambidzwa muna Chivabvu gore rapfuura. San Francisco, pasina nguva yakatevera neyomuvakidzani Auckland, pamwe chete Somerville и Brooklyn muMassachusetts (kurambidzwa kunogona kuwedzerwa kudunhu rose) Muna Zvita, San Diego yakamisa chirongwa chayo chekuzivikanwa kumeso pamberi pemutemo mutsva unotanga kushanda. Makumi mana makuru emimhanzi mitambo akavimbisa usashandise tekinoroji iyi, asi vatsigiri vachidaidzira kurambidzwa munyika yose. Vazhinji veDemocratic candidates tsigira zvishoma kurambidzwa kuitira kuzivikanwa kwechiso.

Kuedza uku kune vavariro yakanaka, asi kurambidza kuzivikanwa kwechiso ndiyo mhinduro isiri iyo kudambudziko rekuongorora kwemazuva ano. Kutarisa pane imwe nzira yekuzvizivisa kunotsausa kubva pachimiro chesosaiti inotarisisa yatiri kuvaka, uko kutariswa kwakapararira kuri kuita tsika. Munyika dzakaita seChina, hurumende inogadzira hurongwa hwekutarisa hwakazara kudzora nzanga. Munyika dzakaita seUnited States, inogadzirwa nemakambani kufurira maitiro ekutenga, uye panguva imwechete inoshandiswa nehurumende.

Muzviitiko zvese, yemazuva ano kutariswa kwevanhu vakawanda kune zvinhu zvitatu zvakakosha:

• identification;
• kuwirirana;
• rusarura.

Ngativatarisei mumwe nemumwe.

Kuzivikanwa kwechiso inyanzvi inogona kushandiswa kuona vanhu pasina ruzivo kana mvumo yavo. Inovimba nekuwanda kwemakamera ekutarisisa, ayo ari kuwedzera simba uye akabatana, uye matekinoroji ekudzidza emuchina anogona kuenderana nemifananidzo kubva mudura remifananidzo iripo.

Asi iyi ingori imwe yenzira dzakawanda dzekuzivikanwa. Vanhu vanogona kuzivikanwa kubva kure kurova kwemoyo kana kufambakushandisa laser system. Makamera akanaka zvokuti vanogona kuverenga zvigunwe zvemunwe и iris yeziso kubva chinhambwe chemamita akati wandei. Uye kunyangwe pasina ese aya matekinoroji, isu tinogona kugara tichizivikanwa, nekuti edu smartphones broadcast yakasarudzika MAC kero. Tinozivikanwa nenhamba dzerunhare, nhamba dzekadhi rechikwereti, marezinesi emota. Semuenzaniso, China kune yayo yakazara surveillance system inoshandisa nzira dzakawanda dzekuzivikanwa.

Kana tangozivikanwa, data nezve kuzivikanwa kwedu uye zviitiko zvinogona kuwiriraniswa neimwe data inounganidzwa pane dzimwe nguva. Izvi zvinogona kunge zviri data rekufamba "kutevera" munhu zuva rese. Kana data nezve kutenga, kubhurawuza pawebhu, uye watinotaura naye kuburikidza neemail kana chats. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira ruzivo rwemari yedu, dzinza, mararamiro, basa uye zvatinofarira. Kune indasitiri yese yedata broker vanoita hupenyu hwavo kuongorora uye kuwedzera data nezve zvatiri - kushandisa data rekuongorora rakaunganidzwa nemarudzi ese emakambani anotengeswa kumabhuroka pasina ruzivo rwedu kana mvumo.

United States ine hombe-uye inenge isina kudzorwa zvachose-indasitiri yedata broker inotengeserana neruzivo rwedu. Aya ndiwo maitirwo anoita mari nemakambani makuru einternet seGoogle neFacebook. Hazvisi zvekungozivikanwa chete. Chinhu chikuru ndechekuti ivo vanokwanisa kugadzira akadzama profiles kune wese munhu, kuunganidza ruzivo nezvedu uye zvatinofarira uye nekuwedzera aya maprofile. Ichi ndicho chikonzero makambani mazhinji tenga rezinesi plate data kubva kuvakuru vehurumende. Ndicho chikonzero makambani kufanana neGoogle tenga marekodhi ekurapa, zvinova zvimwe chikonzero nei Google akatenga Fitbit pamwe chete nedata rayo rese.

Chinangwa chese chechirongwa ichi ndechekuti makambani – nehurumende – akwanise kusiyanisa vanhu nekuvabata zvakasiyana. Vanhu vanoratidzwa kushambadzira kwakasiyana paInternet uye vanopihwa mareti akasiyana emakadhi echikwereti. Smart zvikwangwani ratidza kushambadzira kwakasiyana zvichienderana neprofile yako. Mune ramangwana, tinogona kungozivikanwa patinopinda muchitoro, sezvatiri kuita iye zvino pakupinda webhusaiti.

Hazvina mhosva kuti teknolojia ipi inoshandiswa kuziva vanhu. Icho chokwadi chekuti dhatabhesi yakazara yekurova kwemoyo kana mafambiro haipo parizvino haiite kuti matekinoroji ekuunganidza data asashande. Uye kazhinji, kubatana pakati peID uye zita chairo hazvina basa. Zvakakosha kuti tigone kuzivikanwa nguva nenguva. Tinogona kunge tisingazivikanwe zvachose muhurongwa hwakadaro inopa mushandisi wega wega cookie yakasarudzika uye anoteedzera zviito zvake paInternet, asi izvi hazvikanganise maitiro akafanana ekugadzirisa uye kusarura. Ndizvo zvimwe chete nezviso. Unogona kutarisa mafambiro edu kuchitoro kana nzvimbo yekutengesa kunyangwe pasina kusungirirwa kune rimwe zita. Uye kusazivikanwa uku hakuna kusimba: kana tikangotenga chimwe chinhu nekadhi rebhangi, kamwe kamwe mazita edu chaiwo anonamirwa kune yaive isingazivikanwe yekutevera nhoroondo.

Kugadzirisa iyi sisitimu, ese matatu matanho ekutarisa maitiro anofanirwa kuverengerwa. Kurambidzwa kwekuzivikanwa kwechiso hakuzoite mutsauko kana masisitimu eCCTV achinja kune vanhu vanoshandisa smartphone MAC kero. Dambudziko nderekuti tiri kuzivikanwa pasina ruzivo rwedu kana kubvumirana, uye nzanga inoda mitemo yekuti izvi zvinotenderwa rinhi uye pazvisingatenderwi.

Saizvozvo, isu tinoda mitemo yekuti data redu rinogona kusanganiswa sei nemamwe data uye tozotengwa uye kutengeswa pasina ruzivo rwedu kana mvumo. Iyo data broker indasitiri inenge isina zvachose zvachose; pane mutemo mumwe chete-wapasiswa muVermont muna 2018-unoda kuti data broker vanyore uye vatsanangure muhuwandu hwemashoko avanounganidza. Makambani makuru ekutarisa internet akaita seFacebook neGoogle ane mafaera akadzama patiri kupfuura masangano ehungwaru echero nyika yemapurisa yezana ramakore rechi20. Mitemo ine mufungo ichabatsira kudzivirira kuipa kwakaipisisa kwekushungurudzwa kwavo.

Chekupedzisira, tinoda mitemo yakajeka yekuti makambani anogona kusarura riini uye sei. Rusarura runobva pamaitiro akadzivirirwa akadai serudzi nebonde rwakatove kunze kwemutemo, asi mitemo iyi haishande pakurwisa tekinoroji dzemazuva ano dzekuongorora nekudzora. Kana vanhu vachigona kuzivikanwa uye data ravo richienderana nekumhanya uye chiyero chisina kumboonekwa, tinoda mitemo mitsva.

Magadzirirwo ekuzivikanwa kwechiso atora dambudziko rekushoropodzwa nhasi, asi kuvarambidza kunopotsa pfungwa. Isu tinofanirwa kutaura zvakakomba nezve ese matekinoroji ekuzivikanwa, kuwirirana uye kusarura. Isu senzanga tinofanira kusarudza kana kusora kwakadaro kunoitwa nehurumende nemakambani kuchabvumirwa here—uye kuti tinoda kuti vapesvedzere sei upenyu hwedu.

Source: www.habr.com