Robhoti ndeimwe yeanonyanya kunakidza uye anovhiringa zviitiko zvechikoro. Anodzidzisa nzira yekunyora maalgorithms, anotamba maitiro edzidzo, uye anosuma vana kuhurongwa. Mune zvimwe zvikoro, kutanga kubva kugiredhi rekutanga, vanodzidza sainzi yekombuta, vanodzidza kuunganidza marobhoti uye kudhirowa machati. Kuti tibatsire vana kunzwisisa zviri nyore marobhoti uye kuronga uye kudzidza masvomhu nefizikisi zvakadzama muchikoro chesekondari, taburitsa itsva LEGO Dzidzo SPIKE Prime educational set. Tichakuudza zvimwe nezvazvo mune ino post.
LEGO Dzidzo SPIKE Prime yakagadzirirwa kudzidzisa vana vegiredhi 5-7 muzvikoro nemakirabhu emarobhoti. Iyo seti inobvumidza iwe kuvaka maalgorithms uchishandisa flowcharts uye kuyemura kuti mapikicha ari pachiratidziro anoshanduka kuita mafambiro nezviito. Kuvana vechikoro vemazuva ano, kuoneka uye WOW mhedzisiro yakakosha, uye SPIKE Prime chirauro chinogona kukwezva vana nehurongwa uye nesainzi chaiyo.
Seta muchidimbu
Iyo seti inouya mune minimalist yero uye chena epurasitiki bhokisi. Pasi pechivharo pane kadhibhodhi ine mirayiridzo yekutanga uye dhayagiramu yekuiswa kwezvikamu mumatireyi. Iyo kit yakagadzirirwa kuve nyore kutanga nayo uye inoda kushoma kwekuwedzera kudzidziswa kumudzidzisi.
Izvo zvikamu pachazvo zvakaputirwa mumabhegi ane nhamba dzinoenderana nenhamba dzemasero ari mumatireyi.
Iyo Core Set ine pamusoro pe500 LEGO zvinhu, kusanganisira zvitsva.
- Mafuremu akawanda matsva anoderedza nguva yeprototyping uye anobvumira mamodheru akakura kuvakwa.
- Nyowani 2x4 cube ine Technic axle gomba. Iyo inokutendera iwe kusanganisa Technic uye LEGO System zvinhu mune imwe purojekiti.
- Yakagadziridzwa base plate kubva kuTechnic range.
- Mavhiri matsva akamanikana anopa kutonga kwakaringana uye anowedzera kufambisa kwemamodheru.
- Itsva inotenderera vhiri muchimiro cherutsigiro chetsigiro.
- Zvitsva zvewaya, zvinowanikwa mune akati wandei mavara, zvinokutendera kuti uchengetedze zvakanaka tambo.
Kuwedzera kune zvikamu ivo pachavo, kune matatu mota mukati - hombe uye maviri epakati, pamwe nemasensa matatu: kureba, ruvara uye simba.
Iwo ma motors akabatana zvakananga kune hub uye ane kutenderera sensors nekurongeka kwe1 degree. Iyi ficha inopihwa kuwiriranisa mashandiro emotor kuitira kuti ikwanise kufamba panguva imwe chete nekumhanya kunoramba kuripo. Mukuwedzera, iyo sensor inogona kushandiswa kuyera kukurumidza uye chinhambwe chekufamba kwemuenzaniso.
Iyo sensor yemavara inosiyanisa anosvika 8 mavara uye inogona kushandiswa seyakajeka sensor. Iyo ine zvakare infrared sensor yakavakirwa mukati mayo inogona kuverenga maratidziro emwenje, semuenzaniso.
Iyo yekubata sensor inoziva anotevera mamiriro: bhatani rakadzvanywa, kudzvanywa, kudzvanywa zvine simba. Muchiitiko ichi, sensor inosarudza simba rekumanikidza muNewtons kana sechikamu.
Iyo IR sensor inoshandiswa kuona chinhambwe kubva parobhoti kuenda kune imwe nzvimbo kana kudzivirira kudhumhana. Inokwanisa kuyera chinhambwe muzvikamu, masendimita nemainji.
Iwe unogona kuwedzera kugona kweiyo yekutanga seti uchishandisa zviwanikwa seti, iyo ine 603 zvikamu. Inosanganisira: imwe hombe seti uye mwenje sensor, mavhiri maviri mahombe, magiya mahombe ebevel anotendera iwe kuvaka mahombe ekutendeuka.
Hub
Iyo hubhu ine yakavakirwa-mukati gyroscope inokwanisa kuona nzvimbo yayo muchadenga: kutaridzika, kurerekera, roll, kusarudza kumucheto kubva kumusoro, mamiriro ehubhu inodonha, etc. Iyo yakavakirwa-mukati ndangariro inobvumidza iwe kutakura uye kuchengeta kusvika 20 mapurogiramu. Nhamba yechirongwa inoratidzwa pachiratidziro chepixel 5x5, apo mifananidzo yemushandisi uye mamiriro ekushanda ehubhu anoratidzwa zvakare.
Zvakare inowanikwa pahub:
- MicroUSB yekubatanidza yekuchaja bhatiri kana kubatanidza kuPC.
- Bhatani rekubatanidza Bluetooth, raunogona kumisikidza isina waya nePC kuronga hub.
- 6 ports (AF) yekuita mirairo kana kugamuchira ruzivo kubva kune sensors.
- Mabhatani matatu hub control.
- Built-in speaker.
Software
LEGO Dzidzo SPIKE software inowanikwa Windows, Mac OS, Android, iOS uye Chromebook uye inogona kutorwa . The Software nharaunda yakavakirwa vana programming mutauro Scratch. Iyo ine seti yemirairo, imwe neimwe iine graphic block yeimwe chimiro uye ruvara ine paramita inogona kuchinjwa nemaoko, semuenzaniso, kumhanya uye huwandu hwekufamba, kona yekutenderera, nezvimwe.
Panguva imwecheteyo, seti yemirairo yakabatana neakasiyana zvikamu zvemhinduro (motor, sensors, variables, operators, etc.) inoratidzirwa mumarudzi akasiyana-siyana, izvo zvinokubvumira kukurumidza intuitively kufunga kuti ungaronga sei zvaunoda.
Chishandiso pachacho chinewo zvirongwa zvezvidzidzo zvakawanda, pamwe nemirairo makumi matatu yakasiyana yekuunganidza modhi.
kutanga matanho
Mushure mekutangisa chishandiso uye kusarudza mutauro, matanho matatu ekutanga anopihwa ipapo:
1) Ronga iyo hub kuitira kuti chiso chinonyemwerera chionekwe pachiratidziri;
2) Ziva nekushanda kwemotor uye sensors;
3) Unganidza "Flea" modhi uye uigadzirise kuti ifambe.
Kusvika pakuziva SPIKE Prime kunotanga netsananguro yezvisarudzo zvekubatanidza (kuburikidza nemicroUSB kana Bluetooth) uye maitiro ekushanda nepixel skrini.
Kutanga iwe unofanirwa kuseta nhevedzano yemirairo inofanirwa kuitwa mushure mekutanga chirongwa, uye zvakare sarudza chaiyo pixels inovhenekera pane hub skrini.
Nhanho yechipiri inosanganisira kuunganidza uye kuronga mhinduro yemamotor kune akasiyana masaini kubva kuma sensors. Semuenzaniso, unogona kuronga mota kuti itange kutenderera kana iwe uchiunza ruoko rwako kana chero chinhu padhuze neicho chinhambwe.
Kuti tiite izvi, tinogadzira kutevedzana kwemirairo: kana chinhu chiri pedyo kupfuura n centimita kune sensor, ipapo motokari inotanga kushanda.
Nhanho yechitatu uye inonyanya kunakidza: unganidza robhoti nhata uye uigadzirise kuti isvetuke pakuraira. Kuti uite izvi, iwe unofanirwa kutanga waunganidza robhoti pachayo kubva kune zvikamu uye maviri motors.
Zvadaro tinotanga purogiramu. Kuti tiite izvi, tinoisa algorithm inotevera: kana purogiramu yakavhurwa, "nhata" inofanira kusvetukira mberi kaviri, saka mamotor maviri anofanira kuita kutenderera kuzere panguva imwe chete. Tichaisa kasi yekutenderera kusvika ku50% kuitira kuti robot irege kusvetuka zvakanyanya.
Mhedzisiro irobhoti diki rinosvetuka kumberi kana chirongwa chatanga. Runako!
Robhoti renhata rakakurumidza kumhanya kumberi ndokuwana munhu waro wekutanga, asi pane chakakanganisika.
Mushure mekunge kudzidziswa uku kwapera, unogona kutanga mapurojekiti akaomarara: mukushandisa kune anopfuura makumi matanhatu e block diagrams ezvikamu zvakasiyana zveseti (motor, hub, sensors, etc.) Uyezve, dhayagiramu yega yega inogona kushandurwa zvishoma uchishandisa parameters . Zvakare mukati mesoftware pane kugona kugadzira zvinoshanduka uye yako wega flowcharts.
Kune vadzidzisi
Inosanganisirwa neseti ndeye kuvadzidzisi. Zvinosanganisira curricula, mabasa ane akagadzirira-akagadziriswa mhinduro, uye mabasa pasina mhinduro uye iwe unofanirwa kuuya neyakagadziriswa mhinduro. Izvi zvinokutendera kuti utange nekukurumidza kushanda nekutora uye kuvaka zvirongwa zvekudzidzisa.
Pakazara, 4 makosi akagadzirira pane saiti. "Inventor squad" ikosi yezvidzidzo zvetekinoroji inosimbisa kunzwisisa kwevadzidzi maitiro ekuita mabasa eprojekiti. Makosi maviri ane hukama nesainzi yekombuta. "Kutanga Bhizinesi" inopa hunyanzvi hwekugadzira uye algorithmic hunyanzvi, uye "Useful Devices" inosuma iyo misimboti yeInternet yezvinhu. Kosi yechina - "Kugadzirira Makwikwi" - yakagadzirirwa kugadzirira makwikwi uye inoda zvese zvakakosha uye zviwanikwa seti.
Kosi yega yega ine zvidzidzo zvishanu kusvika zvisere, izvo zvinosanganisira yakagadzirira-yakagadzirwa nzira mhinduro inogona kuitwa muhurongwa hwekudzidzisa kubatanidza hunyanzvi hweSTEAM.
Enzanisa nemamwe seti
LEGO Dzidzo SPIKE Prime chikamu cheLEGO Dzidzo marobhoti mutsara, iyo inosanganisira seti yevana vezera rakasiyana:
- Express "Young Programmer" yekudzidzira chikoro.
- WeDo 2.0 yechikoro chepuraimari.
- LEGO Dzidzo SPIKE Prime yeMiddle School.
- LEGO MINDSTORMS Dzidzo EV3 yechikoro chesekondari uye gore rekutanga vadzidzi.
SPIKE Prime's performance inopindirana neLEGO WeDo 2.0, iyo ine Scratch rutsigiro kutanga gore rino. Asi kusiyana neWeD0 2.0, iyo inokutendera kuti utevedzere zviedzo zvemuviri, SPIKE Prime inonyanya kukodzera kugadzira marobhoti. Yakagadzirirwa kusuma vadzidzi kumarobhoti mumagiredhi 5-7.
Nerubatsiro rwemhinduro iyi, vana vechikoro vanozogona kugona misimboti yealgorithmization, kukudziridza hunyanzvi hwekugadzirisa matambudziko, uye kujairana neiyo yekutanga marobhoti nenzira yekutamba. Mushure meSPIKE Prime, unogona kuenda kuLEGO MINDSTORMS Dzidzo EV3, ine MycroPython hunyanzvi uye inokodzera kudzidza mamwe marobhoti epamberi uye hurongwa hwekuronga.
PS Hapana marobhoti kana huskies akakuvadzwa panguva yekunyorwa kwechinyorwa ichi.
Source: www.habr.com