Suurtagal ma tahay in aad kasbato shaqo ka badan injineernimo dal kale?

Tusmo:

Sideed u barbar dhigi kartaa wadamada marka loo eego qiimaha maciishada?
Ku saabsan sinnaanta awoodda wax iibsiga
Waa maxay sababta BIM (injineerada iyo iskuduwayaasha)
Gabagabo 1. Guud ahaan kala duwan - shabag siman
Gabagabo 2. Si kasta oo ay u yaraato, ayaa m² badanaysa
Xaggee xogta ka timid?
Habka xisaabinta tilmaamayaasha PPP

Inta badan, marka aan la hadlayno dadka ka yimid dalalka kale, waxaan bilownaa is barbar dhig heerarka mushaharka. Inkastoo dakhliga guud uu aad u kala duwanaan karo, awoodda wax iibsiga, waxay u badan tahay, waxay ahaan doontaa qiyaastii isla heerkii, taas oo si gaar ah uga muuqata suuqa guryaha.

Runtii cawsku ma ka "cagaaran yahay" dhanka kale?

Thanks to shabakada bulshada LinkedIn, - Waxaan la hadlay khubaro badan oo ku takhasusay warshadahayda kuwaas oo dalal kale ka shaqeeyaan, oo la ururiyay xogta mushaharka (xogta ayaa sidoo kale laga soo qaatay payscale.com) oo la xisaabiyo mushaharka sinnaanta (PPP). Magaalooyinka kale ee la xidhiidha mushaharka magaaladayda - St. Petersburg (xogta PPP oo laga soo qaatay Numbeo.com).

Sideed u barbar dhigi kartaa wadamada marka loo eego qiimaha maciishada?

Kor u kaca qiimaha joogtada ah on alaabta iyo adeegyada dunida, taas oo la xidhiidha dulsaarka hoose ee aduunka ilaa 1980kii, ma ogola qof maanta, u socdaa u guurto waddan kale, hel fikrad ah qiimaha nolosha iyo qiimaha adeegyada waddan shisheeye ah.

Jaantusku wuxuu muujinayaa heerka dulsaarka dhexdhexaadka ah ee adduunka 200 sano ee la soo dhaafay, kaas oo ahaa adduunka oo dhan ilaa 1980kii. heer dheeli tiran oo macquul ah: qiyaastii 4-6%:

Hoos u dhigista sicirka dulsaarka iyo hoos u dhigista doolarka ee heerka dahabka 1971 - dunida u horseeday sicir-bararkataasoo noqotay ifafaale qarnigii 21aad.

Dhacdo isku mid ah laga soo xigtay falanqeeyayaasha Jarmal ka Deutsche Bank.

Natiijadii dhacdooyinkan, dalalku waxay aasaaseen:

1. dan aan isku mid ahayn qiimaha bangiga dhexe

2. kala duwan sicir barar

3. kala duwan qiimaha guryaha

4. aan sinnayn heerarka qiimaha

5. kala duwan qiimaha nolosha

Sideen u barbar dhigi karnaa "Qiimaha Nolosha" ee dalal kala duwan oo adduunka ah?
Si loo qiimeeyo nolosha waddan kale, waxaan isticmaali karnaa fikradda - Iibka Awoodda Sinaanta (PPP, Ingiriisi - Sinaanta Awoodda Iibka: PPP)

Ku saabsan sinnaanta awoodda wax iibsiga (PPP)

Sinaanta awoodda wax iibsiga - saamiga laba ama in ka badan oo lacag ah, lacagaha dalal kala duwan, oo lagu aasaasay awoodooda wax iibsiga ee la xiriirta qayb gaar ah oo badeecado iyo adeegyo ah.
Akhriso inbadan: Sinaanta awoodda wax iibsiga

Waa maxay PPP iyadoo la isticmaalayo qiimaha Big Mac tusaale ahaan?
Big Mac Price: p1
Berlin-4,70$ / New York-5,70$ / Saint Petersburg-2,10$
Big Mac ППС (Паритет покупательной способности) to Saint Petersburg: p2=p1/2,10
Berlin-2,2 / New York-2,70 / Saint Petersburg-1
Месячная зарплата = после налогов: p3
Berlin-2085$ / New York-3900$ / Saint Petersburg-1150$

ППС по Биг Маку - месячной зарплаты в городе
по отношению к зарплате в Санкт-Петербурге: p4=p3/p2
Berlin-940$ / New York-1470$ / Saint Petersburg-1150$

Macquul la mid ah ayaa loo xisaabin karaa alaabooyinka kale: laga bilaabo "jeans iyo ukunta" ilaa qiimaha baabuurta Toyota iyo adeegyada.

Arrintan awgeed on Numbeo.com kumanaan qof ayaa buuxiya xogta qiimaha alaabta iyo adeegyada magaaladooda (xogta kaliya ee 18 bilood ee la soo dhaafay, ka dib "kharashyadan" xisaab ahaan waa la isku celceliyaa). Intaa waxaa dheer, iskaa wax u qabso: xogta waxaa si gacanta lagu soo ururiyaa laga soo ururiyo ilo furan oo la dhisay iyo kharashyadan alaabta iyo adeegyada waxaa kaaba magaalada Laba jeer sannadkii.

Tusaale dhowr ah (marka la isku daro 50) alaabta kharashka St. Petersburg (tirada dadka buuxiyey xogta St. Petersburg 18 bilood ee la soo dhaafay waa 524):

Maqaalku wuxuu qaadanayaa PPP ee 50 shay oo kala duwan kharashaadka. Xogta saamiga qaraabo waa sida soo socota:

Qaabka
Local_Puchasing_Power_Index = (Average_Disposable_Salary(This_City) /
BasketConsumerPlusRent(This_City)) / (Average_Disposable_Salary(New_York) /

BasketConsumerPlusRent(New_York)) BasketConsumerPlusRent(City) =
sum_of (Price_in_the_city * (cost_of_living_factor + rent_factor))

Isbarbardhigga tusaale ahaan qiimaha nolosha ee Munich (Jarmalka) iyo St. Petersburg (Ruushka)

Isbarbardhigga qiimaha nolosha ee Rostov-on-Don iyo San Francisco (USA)

In aan mawduuc yar Daraasad - Waxaan u maleynayaa in tusmada qiimaha nolosha ee PPP loo qaatay celceliska kharashyada magaalada qoys afar ka kooban (xogta ka furan Numbeo.com). Maqaalku wuxuu ka hadlayaa xaalada marka qofka ku nool magaalada N uu maal galiyo oo uu isticmaalo lacag la kasbaday, isla magaalada N.

Waa maxay sababta BIM (injineerada iyo iskuduwayaasha)

Injineer BIM (khibrad 1-2 sano ah) - tani waa meesha laga bilaabayo urur dhisme (horey u ahaa injineerka BIM waxaa lagu magacaabi jiray "Naqshadeeye", hadda loo yaqaan injineer BIM). Maamulaha BIM (4-6 sano oo waayo-aragnimo ah) ayaa horeyba u ahaa qof khibrad leh oo ay tahay inuu awoodo inuu wax yar barnaamij sameeyo, laakiin mar dambe ma jiro.

Qayb ka mid ah kuwa la dhisayo iyadoo la isticmaalayo BIM, hantida ma guurtada ah ee mustaqbalka dhow waxay noqon doontaa 80% tirada guud ee la dhisayo alaabta guryaha. Isla mar ahaantaana, dhismaha ayaa ku xisaabtamaya qiyaastii 3% GDP-ga Ruushka (wadamada aduunka ilaa 12%). Injineerada BIM iyo isuduwayaasha ayaa ah injineeradii hore ee mashruuca dhismaha. Marka la eego kanaalka BIM ee telegramka (2000 ka qaybgalayaasha midkiiba) - tirada takhasuska ee booskan ee Russia hadda: laga bilaabo 10 ilaa 20 kun oo qof. Saamiga mushaharka ee waddan kasta - Injineer BIM / Iskuduwaha BIM / Maareeyaha BIM: 100% / 125% / 150%. Dhawaan, dhammaan injineerada ka shaqaynta qorshaynta waxay si uun ama si kale ula shaqayn doontaa tignoolajiyada BIM oo dhammaan injineerada ayaa codsan kara booskooda lifaaqa BIM.

Gabagabo:

1. Wadarta mushaharka sannadlaha ah (sida caadiga ah waxaa looga hadlaa Galbeedka) aad u kala duwan hadba dalka, halka mushaharka saafiga ah ee bishii, loo tarjumay awoodda wax iibsiga, ku dhawaad ​​isku mid.

Tusaale ahaan, wadarta mushaharka sanadlaha ah Kyiv vs San Francisco waxay leedahay farqi u dhow 8 jeer, halka nadiif ah Mushaharka bisha ayaa farqi u yeelan doona oo kaliya Xnumx times.

2. Marka uu hoos u dhaco dakhligaaga sanadlaha ah, m² ayaa ka weyn waxaad ka iibsan kartaa 10 sano magaaladaada.

Lacagta aad kasbato (marka aad u malaynayso in aad kaydisay kala badh mushaharkaaga in ka badan 10 sano) lacag caddaan ah (adoon isticmaalin deyn deyn ah), waad iibsan kartaa M² 46 hantida maguurtada ah ee Kyiv iyo M² 31 ee San Francisco.

Waddamadii xisaabaadka lagu xisaabtamay – qiyaas ahaan siman xagga badbaadada, tayada waxbarashada iyo caafimaadka. Mid kasta oo ka mid ah dhinacyadan ayaa leh faa'iidooyin iyo faa'iidooyin u gaar ah mid kasta oo ka mid ah dalalkaas.

Dhinacyadan adag tahay in la falanqeeyo, oo ka soo horjeeda qiimaha alaabta iyo adeegyada.

Hadda, si aad u gasho 10% ugu sareysa dadka ugu mushaharka badan adduunka - waxaad u baahan tahay inaad haysato dakhliga sanadka oo dhan $14

.


Jadwalka ugu dambeeya waxaad barbar dhigi kartaa waxa le'eg mushaharka guud ee sanadlaha ah ee St. Petersburg $15,800 sanadkii (mushaharka saafiga ah bishii $1,150 ama 71,000 rubles). Iyada oo ku saleysan sinnaanta, haddii lagu siiyo $47,000 guud ahaan sannadkii Boston ama Dublin, qiyaas in tani ay tahay qiyaastii. u dhiganta mushaharka 71,000 rubles. net bishiiba St. Petersburg.


Inkastoo tani Aragti hoosaad, waxaan filayaa inay khusayso.
Waan ku farxi doonaa inaan arko dhaleeceyntaada.

Maqaalkayga asalka ah ee LinkedIn (Ingiriis).
Ma ka heli doontaa Mushahar dheeraad ah waddan kale? Runtii maaha… Mushaharka Injineerinka Adduunka oo dhan.

Ku dar naftaada LinkedIn, waan ku farxi doonaa inaan sameeyo xiriiro cusub: Artem Boiko

Dhammaan macnayaasha - oo leh qalad ± 10%

Isku xirka xaashida faafinta (Google Spreadsheet)

Mushaharka BIM vs PPP

Xaggee xogta ka timid?

Doodda mushaharka ayaa la qabtay (mahadsanid kuwa ka qaybqaatay) kooxda "BIM Russia Exats" ee LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/groups/8834618/
Mushaharka guud ee sanadlaha ah: https://www.payscale.com/research
Heerka canshuurta: https://neuvoo.com/tax-calculator/
Qiimaha halkii m² iibsi: https://www.numbeo.com/property-investment/
Sinaanta awoodda wax iibsiga (PPP) ilaa St. Petersburg: https://www.numbeo.com/cost-of-living/comparison.jsp

Source: www.habr.com