Wada shaqaynta Waqtiga Linux: NTP, Chrony iyo systemd-timesyncd

Dadka intiisa badan waxay la socdaan waqtiga. Waxaan u kacnaa waqtigii loogu talagalay si aan u dhamaystirno cibaadada subaxa oo aan u baxno shaqada, qaadashada fasaxa qadada, la kulanka waqtiga kama dambaysta ah ee mashruuca, u dabaaldego maalmaha dhalashada iyo ciidaha, fuulo diyaarad, iyo wixii la mid ah.

Waxaa intaa dheer: qaar naga mid ah ayaa waqti badan ku mashquulsan. Saacaddayda waxa ku shaqeeya tamarta qoraxda oo wakhti sax ah ka hesha Machadka Heerarka iyo Tignoolajiyada QarankaNIST) ilaa Fort Collins, Colorado iyada oo loo sii marayo raadiyaha mawjada dheer WWVB. Calaamadaha wakhtiga waxa la mid ah saacada atomiga, oo waliba ku taal Fort Collins. My Fitbit wuxuu la jaanqaadayaa teleefankayga kaas oo la shaqaynaya server-ka NTP, taasoo aakhirka la jaanqaadaysa saacadda atomiga.

Aaladaha sidoo kale waxay la socdaan waqtiga

Waxaa jira sababo badan oo ay qalabkayaga iyo kombiyuutarradu u baahan yihiin waqti sax ah. Tusaale ahaan, bangiyada, suuqyada saamiyada, iyo ganacsiyada kale ee maaliyadeed, wax kala iibsiga waa in loo fuliyaa hab sax ah, iyo waqtiyo sax ah ayaa muhiim u ah tan.

Taleefanadayada, tablet-yadayada, baabuurta, nidaamka GPS-ka iyo kombiyuutarada dhamaantood waxay u baahan yihiin waqti sax ah iyo habayn taariikheed. Waxaan rabaa in saacada miiska kombayutarkaygu ay tusto wakhtiga saxda ah. Waxaan rabaa in xasuusiyayaashu ay ka soo muuqdaan jadwalka deegaankayga wakhtiga saxda ah. Waqtiga saxda ah wuxuu sidoo kale hubinayaa in cron iyo shaqooyinka nidaamsan ay socdaan waqtiga saxda ah.

Taariikhda iyo waqtiga ayaa sidoo kale muhiim u ah geeddi-socodka, markaa way fududdahay in la helo qoraallo gaar ah oo ku salaysan taariikhda iyo wakhtiga. Tusaale ahaan, waxaan mar ka shaqeeyay DevOps (looma yeerin wakhtigaas) waxaanan dejinayay nidaamka emailka ee gobolka North Carolina. Waxaan samayn jirnay in ka badan 20 milyan oo iimayl maalintii. Ku raad-raaca iimaylka iyada oo loo marayo server-yo taxane ah, ama go'aaminta sida saxda ah ee dhacdooyinka loo isticmaalayo iyadoo la isticmaalayo faylalka log-ga ee martigeliyayaasha juqraafi ahaan kala firdhiyey, aad ayay u sahlanaan kartaa haddii kombuyuutarrada la midka ahi ay isla jaan-qaadaan waqtiga.

Hal mar - saacado badan

Martigaliyayaasha Linux waa inay xisaabta ku darsadaan inuu jiro waqti nidaam iyo waqti RTC ah. RTC (Real Time Clock) waa wax yar oo la yaab leh oo aan sax ahayn magaca saacadda qalabka.

Saacada qalabku si joogto ah ayey u shaqeysaa xitaa marka kombiyuuterku dansan yahay, iyadoo la isticmaalayo bateriga nidaamka Motherboard-ka. Shaqada ugu weyn ee RTC waa in ay kaydiso wakhtiga marka xidhiidhinta server wakhtigu aanu diyaar ahayn. Waagii ay suurtagal ahayn in lagu xidho server-ka wakhtiga intarneedka, kumbiyuutar kasta waxa uu lahaan jiray saacad gudaha ah oo sax ah. Nidaamyada hawlgalku waa inay galaan RTC wakhtiga boot-ka isticmaaluhuna waa inuu gacanta ku dejiyaa wakhtiga nidaamka isagoo isticmaalaya isku-xidhka qaabaynta qalabka BIOS si loo hubiyo inay sax tahay.

Saacadaha qalabku ma fahmaan fikradda aagagga wakhtiga; RTC waxa ay kaydisaa oo kaliya wakhtiga, ma kaydiso wakhtiga ama waxa ay kaydisaa UTC (Waqtiga Isku-xidhka Universal Time, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaano GMT ama Greenwich Mean Time). Waxaad ku rakibi kartaa RTC adigoo isticmaalaya qalab aan ku dabooli doono dambe ee maqaalkan.

Wakhtiga nidaamku waa wakhtiga uu OS-gu ku soo bandhigo saacada GUI ee miiskaaga, ee soo saarista amarka taariikhda, ee wakhtiga kaydka. Tani waxay sidoo kale khuseysaa marka faylasha la abuuro, wax laga beddelo, oo la furo.

Bogga nin u rtc waxaa jira sharaxaad buuxda oo ku saabsan RTC iyo saacada nidaamka.

Maxaa ka jira NTP?

Kumbuyuutarrada adduunka oo dhan waxay isticmaalaan NTP (Network Time Protocol) si ay waqtigooda ula mideeyaan saacadaha tixraaca ee intarneedka iyagoo isticmaalaya kala sareynta server-yada NTP. Adeegayaasha wakhtiga ugu muhiimsan waxay ku yaalaan lakabka 1 waxayna si toos ah ugu xidhan yihiin adeegyada wakhtiga qaranka ee kala duwan ee lakabka 0 iyaga oo isticmaalaya satalaytka, raadiyaha ama xataa modem-ka khadka telefoonka. Adeegyada wakhtiga lakabka 0 waxa ay noqon karaan saacada atomiga ah, qaataha raadiyaha ee ku dheggan calaamadaha ay gudbiyaan saacadaha atomikada, ama qaataha GPS-ka ee isticmaala calaamadaha saacadaha saxda ah ee ay gudbiyaan satalaytka GPS.

Inta badan adeegayaasha tixraaca waxay leeyihiin dhowr kun oo adeegayaal NTP stratum 2 oo dadweynaha u furan dadweynaha. Ururo iyo isticmaaleyaal badan (naftayda ayaa ku jira) oo leh martigeliyayaal badan oo u baahan server-ka NTP waxay doortaan inay dejiyaan server-kooda waqtigooda sidaas darteed hal marti-geliyaha maxalli ah oo kaliya ayaa galaya stratum 2 ama 3. Kadibna waxay dejiyaan noodhka soo haray ee shabakada si ay u isticmaalaan degaanka server waqti . Xaaladda shabakada gurigayga, tani waa lakabka 3 server.

Hirgelinta kala duwan ee NTP

Hirgelinta asalka ah ee NTP waa ntpd. Waxaa markaas ku biiray laba cusub, chronyd iyo systemd-timesyncd. Saddexduba waxay ku wada shaqeeyaan wakhtiga martida loo yahay ee NTP server. Adeegga systemd-timesyncd ma aha mid la isku halayn karo sida chronyd, laakiin waa ku filan yahay ujeedooyinka intooda badan. Haddii RTC-gu aanu shaqaynayn, waxa ay si tartiib tartiib ah u habayn kartaa wakhtiga nidaamka si ay ula midayso serferka NTP marka wakhtiga nidaamka deegaanku uu yara yara leexdo. Adeegga systemd-timesync looma isticmaali karo xilli adeege ahaan.

Daba-dheer waa hirgalinta NTP oo ka kooban laba barnaamij: Chronyd daemon iyo interface-line interface loo yaqaan chronyc. Chrony waxay leedahay astaamo laga maarmi karo xaalado badan:

• Chrony waxay la shaqayn kartaa server-ka wakhti aad uga dheereeya adeeggii hore ee ntpd. Tani waxay u fiican tahay laptops ama desktop-yada aan shaqaynayn mar walba.
• Waxay magdhow u noqon kartaa isbedbedelka saacada, sida marka qofka martida loo yahay uu seexdo ama uu galo qaabka hurdada, ama marka saacadu isbedesho sababtoo ah soo noqnoqoshada soo noqnoqda, taas oo hoos u dhigta saacadaha culeyska hooseeya.
• Waxay xallisaa dhibaatooyinka waqtiga ee la xiriira isku xirka shabakada aan degganeyn ama ciriiriga shabakadda.
• Waxay nidaamisaa dib u dhaca shabakada
• Kadib isku xidhka wakhtiga hore, Chrony waligii ma joogsado saacada. Tani waxay siisaa waqtiyo xasiloon oo joogto ah adeegyo nidaamyo iyo codsiyo badan.
• Chrony wuu shaqayn karaa xitaa iyada oo aan la helin xidhiidh shabakadeed Xaaladdan oo kale, martigeliyaha ama server-ka maxalliga ah ayaa lagu cusbooneysiin karaa gacanta.
• Chrony wuxuu u dhaqmi karaa sidii server NTP ah.

Mar labaad, NTP waa hab-maamuus lagu hirgelin karo martigeliyaha Linux iyadoo la adeegsanayo Chrony ama systemd-timesyncd.

NTP, Chrony, iyo systemd-timesyncd RPMs ayaa laga heli karaa meelaha Fedora ee caadiga ah. Systemd-udev RPM waa maamulaha dhacdada kernel kaas oo si caadi ah loogu rakibay Fedora, laakiin waa ikhtiyaari.

Waxaad ku rakibi kartaa dhammaan seddexda oo kala beddelan kartaa dhexdooda, laakiin tani waxay abuuri doontaa madax-xanuun dheeraad ah. Markaa way fiicantahay in aan la yeelin. Siideynta casriga ah ee Fedora, CentOS, iyo RHEL waxay u guureen Chrony sidii dhaqan-gelinta caadiga ah, waxayna sidoo kale leeyihiin hab-timesyncd. Waxaan u arkaa Chrony inuu si fiican u shaqeeyo, bixiyo is-dhexgal ka wanaagsan adeegga NTP, bixiyo macluumaad badan iyo xakameyn, kaas oo maamulayaasha nidaamka ay runtii ku raaxaysan doonaan.

Deminta Adeegyada NTP

Adeegga NTP waxa laga yaabaa inuu mar horeba ku shaqaynayey martigeliyahaaga. Hadday sidaas tahay, waxaad u baahan tahay inaad damiso ka hor intaadan u wareegin wax kale. Waxaan lahaa chromyd orod markaa waxaan adeegsaday amarada soo socda si aan u joojiyo oo aan u joojiyo. Ku socodsii amarrada ku habboon daemon kasta oo NTP ah oo aad ku dhex waddo martidaada:

[root@testvm1 ~]# systemctl disable chronyd ; systemctl stop chronyd
Removed /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/chronyd.service.
[root@testvm1 ~]#

Hubi in adeega la joojiyay oo la joojiyay:

[root@testvm1 ~]# systemctl status chronyd
● chronyd.service - NTP client/server
     Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/chronyd.service; disabled; vendor preset: enabled)
     Active: inactive (dead)
       Docs: man:chronyd(8)
             man:chrony.conf(5)
[root@testvm1 ~]#

Hubinta heerka ka hor inta aan la bilaabin

Xaalada isku xidhka saacada nidaamka ayaa kuu ogolaanaysa inaad go'aamiso in adeega NTP uu shaqaynayo. Maadaama aadan weli bilaabin NTP, amarka timesync-status ayaa ka tilmaami doona tan:

[root@testvm1 ~]# timedatectl timesync-status
Failed to query server: Could not activate remote peer.

Codsiga heerka tooska ah wuxuu bixiyaa macluumaad muhiim ah. Tusaale ahaan, taliska timedatectl oo aan lahayn wax dood ah ama ikhtiyaari waxa uu ufuliyaa amar-hoosaadka si toos ah:

[root@testvm1 ~]# timedatectl status
           Local time: Fri 2020-05-15 08:43:10 EDT  
           Universal time: Fri 2020-05-15 12:43:10 UTC  
                 RTC time: Fri 2020-05-15 08:43:08      
                Time zone: America/New_York (EDT, -0400)
System clock synchronized: no                          
              NTP service: inactive                    
          RTC in local TZ: yes                    

Warning: The system is configured to read the RTC time in the local time zone.
         This mode cannot be fully supported. It will create various problems
         with time zone changes and daylight saving time adjustments. The RTC
         time is never updated, it relies on external facilities to maintain it.
         If at all possible, use RTC in UTC by calling
         'timedatectl set-local-rtc 0'.
[root@testvm1 ~]#

Tani waxay ku siin doontaa wakhtiga maxaliga ah ee martidaada, wakhtiga UTC, iyo wakhtiga RTC. Xaaladdan oo kale, waqtiga nidaamka waxaa loo dejiyay aagga waqtiga Ameerika / New_York (TZ), RTC waxaa loo dejiyay waqtiga aagga waqtiga maxalliga ah, adeegga NTP ma shaqeynayo. Waqtiga RTC wuxuu bilaabay inuu waxyar ka leexdo wakhtiga nidaamka. Tani waa wax caadi u ah nidaamyada aan saacadahooda la wada shaqayn. Qadarka ka-goynta martigeliyaha waxay ku xidhan tahay wakhtiga ka soo wareegay tan iyo markii nidaamku la mideeyay.

Waxa kale oo aanu helnay digniin ku saabsan isticmaalka wakhtiga maxaliga ah ee RTC - tani waxay khusaysaa isbeddelada aagga wakhtiga iyo dejinta DST. Haddii kombuyuutarku dansan yahay marka isbeddellada loo baahan yahay in la sameeyo, RTC ma beddeli doono. Laakiin server-yada ama martigeliyaha kale ee shaqeeya saacad kasta, tani dhib kuma aha haba yaraatee. Intaa waxaa dheer, adeeg kasta oo bixiya isku-dubarid wakhtiga NTP wuxuu hagaajin doonaa wakhtiga martida loo yahay inta lagu jiro marxaladda bilawga ah, markaa wakhtigu wuxuu noqon doonaa sax mar labaad ka dib marka bilawga la dhammeeyo.

Dejinta aagga wakhtiga

Caadiyan, waxaad sheegtaa aagga wakhtiga inta lagu jiro nidaamka rakibida mana lihid hawsha aad u bedesho hadhow. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxaa jira waqtiyo aad u baahan tahay inaad bedesho aagga wakhtiga. Waxaa jira dhowr qalab oo ku caawin kara. Linux waxay isticmaashaa faylalka aaga-waqtiga si ay u go'aamiso aagga wakhtiga maxalliga ah ee martida loo yahay. Faylashani waxay ku jiraan hagaha /usr/share/zoneinfo. Sida caadiga ah, aaggayga wakhtiga, nidaamku waxa uu qorayaa tan: /etc/Localtime -> ../usr/share/zoneinfo/America/New_York. Laakin uma baahnid inaad ogaato khiyaanadan oo kale si aad u bedesho aagga wakhtiga.

Waxa ugu muhiimsan waa in la ogaado magaca aagga wakhtiga rasmiga ah ee goobtaada iyo amarka u dhigma. Aynu nidhaahno inaad rabto inaad beddesho aagga wakhtiga una beddesho Los Angeles:

[root@testvm2 ~]# timedatectl list-timezones | column
<SNIP>
America/La_Paz                  Europe/Budapest
America/Lima                    Europe/Chisinau
America/Los_Angeles             Europe/Copenhagen
America/Maceio                  Europe/Dublin
America/Managua                 Europe/Gibraltar
America/Manaus                  Europe/Helsinki
<SNIP>

Hadda waxaad dejin kartaa aagga wakhtiga. Waxaan isticmaalay amarka taariikhda si aan u eego isbeddelada, laakiin waxaad sidoo kale isticmaali kartaa timedatectl:

[root@testvm2 ~]# date
Tue 19 May 2020 04:47:49 PM EDT
[root@testvm2 ~]# timedatectl set-timezone America/Los_Angeles
[root@testvm2 ~]# date
Tue 19 May 2020 01:48:23 PM PDT
[root@testvm2 ~]#

Hadda waxaad bedeli kartaa aagga wakhtiga martidaada dib ugu noqo wakhtiga maxaliga ah.

systemd-timesyncd

Daemon timesync systemd waxa uu bixiyaa hirgalinta NTP oo ay fududahay in lagu maareeyo nidaamka habaysan. Waxaa si toos ah loogu rakibay Fedora iyo Ubuntu. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxay kaliya ku bilaabataa si toos ah Ubuntu. Ma hubo wax qaybinta kale. Waad iska hubin kartaa:

[root@testvm1 ~]# systemctl status systemd-timesyncd

Habaynta systemd-timesyncd

Faylka qaabeynta ee systemd-timesyncd waa /etc/systemd/timesyncd.conf. Kani waa fayl fudud oo leh xulashooyin ka yar adeegyadii hore ee NTP iyo chronyd. Waa kuwan waxa ku jira faylkan (iyada oo aan wax laga beddelin) ku yaal Fedora VM-gayga:

#  This file is part of systemd.
#
#  systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
#  under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
#  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
#  (at your option) any later version.
#
# Entries in this file show the compile time defaults.
# You can change settings by editing this file.
# Defaults can be restored by simply deleting this file.
#
# See timesyncd.conf(5) for details.

[Time]
#NTP=
#FallbackNTP=0.fedora.pool.ntp.org 1.fedora.pool.ntp.org 2.fedora.pool.ntp.org 3.fedora.pool.ntp.org
#RootDistanceMaxSec=5
#PollIntervalMinSec=32
#PollIntervalMaxSec=2048

Qaybta kaliya ee ay ka kooban tahay, faallooyinka ka sokow, waa [Waqtiga]. Dhammaan khadadka kale waa laga faallooday. Kuwani waa qiyamka caadiga ah mana aha in la beddelo (haddii aadan haysan sabab). Haddii aadan haysan server waqti NTP ah oo lagu qeexay khadka NTP=, Fedora waxay ku xiran tahay serverka waqtiga Fedora. Caadi ahaan waxaan ku daraa server-kayga wakhtiga:

NTP=myntpserver

Waqti-is-weydaarsiga

Waxaad bilaabi kartaa oo aad ka dhigi kartaa systemd-timesyncd mid u shaqeeya sida tan:

[root@testvm2 ~]# systemctl enable systemd-timesyncd.service
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.freedesktop.timesync1.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/systemd-timesyncd.service.
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/sysinit.target.wants/systemd-timesyncd.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/systemd-timesyncd.service.
[root@testvm2 ~]# systemctl start systemd-timesyncd.service
[root@testvm2 ~]#

Dejinta saacada qalabka

Waa kuwan sida xaaladdu u ekaato ka dib markii la orday timesyncd:

[root@testvm2 systemd]# timedatectl
               Local time: Sat 2020-05-16 14:34:54 EDT  
           Universal time: Sat 2020-05-16 18:34:54 UTC  
                 RTC time: Sat 2020-05-16 14:34:53      
                Time zone: America/New_York (EDT, -0400)
System clock synchronized: yes                          
              NTP service: active                      
          RTC in local TZ: no    

Ugu horrayn, farqiga u dhexeeya RTC iyo wakhtiga maxalliga ah (EDT) wuu ka yar yahay ilbiriqsi, farqiguna wuxuu kordhiyaa dhowr ilbiriqsi oo kale maalmaha soo socda. Maadaama aysan jirin fikradda aagagga waqtiga ee RTC, taliska timedatectl waa inuu sameeyaa isbarbardhigga si loo go'aamiyo aagga waqtiga saxda ah. Haddii wakhtiga RTC aanu si sax ah ugu dhigmin wakhtiga maxaliga ah, markaa lama mid aha aaga wakhtiga maxaliga ah sidoo kale.

Raadinta macluumaad dheeri ah, waxaan hubiyay heerka systemd-timesync oo waxaan helay tan:

[root@testvm2 systemd]# systemctl status systemd-timesyncd.service
● systemd-timesyncd.service - Network Time Synchronization
     Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/systemd-timesyncd.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
     Active: active (running) since Sat 2020-05-16 13:56:53 EDT; 18h ago
       Docs: man:systemd-timesyncd.service(8)
   Main PID: 822 (systemd-timesyn)
     Status: "Initial synchronization to time server 163.237.218.19:123 (2.fedora.pool.ntp.org)."
      Tasks: 2 (limit: 10365)
     Memory: 2.8M
        CPU: 476ms
     CGroup: /system.slice/systemd-timesyncd.service
             └─822 /usr/lib/systemd/systemd-timesyncd

May 16 09:57:24 testvm2.both.org systemd[1]: Starting Network Time Synchronization...
May 16 09:57:24 testvm2.both.org systemd-timesyncd[822]: System clock time unset or jumped backwards, restoring from recorded timestamp: Sat 2020-05-16 13:56:53 EDT
May 16 13:56:53 testvm2.both.org systemd[1]: Started Network Time Synchronization.
May 16 13:57:56 testvm2.both.org systemd-timesyncd[822]: Initial synchronization to time server 163.237.218.19:123 (2.fedora.pool.ntp.org).
[root@testvm2 systemd]#

U fiirso fariinta log ee odhanaysa wakhtiga nidaamka lama dejin ama dib baa loo dajiyay. Adeegga Timesync waxa uu dejiyaa nidaamka wakhtiga ku salaysan timestamp. Jadwalka wakhtiyada waxaa ilaaliyaa timesync daemon waxaana lagu abuuray isku xidh kasta oo guulaysta.

Amarka timedatectl ma laha dariiqo uu uga qaato qiimaha saacada qalabka saacada nidaamka. Waxa kaliya oo ay dejin kartaa wakhtiga iyo taariikhda laga soo bilaabo qiimaha lagu soo geliyey khadka taliska. Waxaad u dejin kartaa RTC isla qiimaha wakhtiga nidaamka adoo isticmaalaya amarka hwclock:

[root@testvm2 ~]# /sbin/hwclock --systohc --localtime
[root@testvm2 ~]# timedatectl
               Local time: Mon 2020-05-18 13:56:46 EDT  
           Universal time: Mon 2020-05-18 17:56:46 UTC  
                 RTC time: Mon 2020-05-18 13:56:46      
                Time zone: America/New_York (EDT, -0400)
System clock synchronized: yes                          
              NTP service: active                      
          RTC in local TZ: yes

Xulashada --Localtime waxay u sheegaysaa saacadda qalabka si ay u muujiso wakhtiga maxalliga ah, ma aha UTC.

Maxaad ugu baahan tahay RTC gabi ahaanba?

Hirgelin kasta oo NTP ah ayaa dejin doonta saacadda nidaamka waqtiga bilowga. Oo maxaa markaa RTC? Tani gabi ahaanba run maaha: tani waxay dhici doontaa oo kaliya haddii aad leedahay isku xirka server-ka wakhtiga. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, nidaamyo badan ayaan had iyo jeer marin u helin isku xirka shabakada, sidaas darteed saacadda qalabka ayaa faa'iido u leh Linux si ay u isticmaasho si ay u dejiso wakhtiga nidaamka. Tani way ka fiican tahay inaad wakhtiga gacanta ku dejiso, inkastoo laga yaabo inay ka leexato wakhtiga dhabta ah.

gunaanad

Maqaalkani waxa uu dib u eegay qaar ka mid ah qalabyada lagu maamulayo taariikhda, wakhtiga, iyo wakhtiga aagagga. Qalabka systemd-timesyncd waxa uu bixiyaa macmiilka NTP kaas oo la jaanqaadi kara wakhtiga goobta martida loo yahay ee serverka NTP. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, systemd-timesyncd ma bixiso adeeg adeeg, markaa haddii aad u baahan tahay server-ka NTP ee shabakadaada, waa inaad isticmaashaa wax kale, sida Chrony, si aad ugu shaqeyso sidii server.

Waxaan doorbidayaa in aan hal meel ka hirgeliyo adeeg kasta oo shabakadayda ah, sidaa darteed waxaan isticmaalaa Chrony. Haddii aadan u baahnayn server-ka NTP-ga maxalliga ah, ama haddii aadan dhib ku qabin inaad Chrony u isticmaasho serfer ahaan iyo systemd-timesyncd sida macmiilka SNTP. Ka dib oo dhan, looma baahna in loo isticmaalo sifooyinka dheeraadka ah ee Chrony macmiil ahaan haddii aad ku qanacsan tahay shaqeynta systemd-timesyncd.

Qoraal kale: Looma baahna inaad isticmaasho qalabka habaysan si aad u hirgeliso NTP. Waxaad isticmaali kartaa nooc duug ah oo ntpd ah, Chrony, ama hirgalin kale oo NTP ah. Ka dib oo dhan, systemd wuxuu ka kooban yahay tiro badan oo adeegyo ah; qaar badan oo ka mid ah waa ikhtiyaari, markaa waad dami kartaa oo waxaad isticmaali kartaa wax kale. Kani maaha bahal keli keli ah oo weyn. Waxaa laga yaabaa inaadan jecleyn systemd ama qaybo ka mid ah, laakiin waa inaad sameysaa go'aan xog ogaal ah.

Waxaan jeclahay nidaamka NTP ee nidaamka, laakiin waxaan doorbidayaa Chrony sababtoo ah waxay si ka wanaagsan ugu habboon tahay baahiyahayga. Waa Linux, ilmaha -)

Iidheh ahaan

VDSina waxay bixisaa adeegayaal hawl kasta, Doorasho weyn oo ah nidaamyada hawlgalka ee si toos ah loo rakibo, waxaa suurtagal ah in lagu rakibo OS kasta oo adiga kuu gaar ah ISO, raaxo leh gudida xakamaynta horumarinta gaarka ah iyo lacag-bixinta maalinlaha ah. Xusuusnow in aan haysano server-yada weligeed ah kuwaas oo hubaal aan waqti lahayn 😉

Source: www.habr.com