Abuuritaanka kaabayaasha IT-ga khalad u-dulqaadan karo. Qaybta 2. Rakibaadda iyo habaynta kooxda oVirt 4.3

Maqaalkani waa mid sii socda kii hore - ”Abuuritaanka kaabayaasha IT-ga khalad u-dulqaadan karo. Qaybta 1 - diyaarinta in la geeyo kooxda oVirt 4.3".

Waxay dabooli doontaa habka rakibidda aasaasiga ah iyo qaabeynta kooxda oVirt 4.3 ee martigelinta mashiinnada farsamada gacanta ee aadka loo heli karo, iyadoo la tixgelinayo xaqiiqda ah in dhammaan tillaabooyinka hordhaca ah ee diyaarinta kaabayaasha horay loo dhammaystiray.

Hordhac

Ujeedada ugu weyn ee maqaalku waa in la bixiyo tilmaamo tallaabo-tallaabo ah sida "Next -> Haa -> Finish"sida loo tuso qaar ka mid ah sifooyinka marka la rakibayo iyo habaynta. Habka geynta kooxdaada waxaa laga yaabaa inaysan mar walba la mid noqon tan lagu sharraxay, sababtoo ah sifooyinka kaabayaasha iyo deegaanka, laakiin mabaadi'da guud waxay ahaan doonaan isku mid.

Marka laga eego dhinaca aragtida, oVirt 4.3 Shaqadiisu waxay la mid tahay nooca VMware vSphere 5.x, laakiin dabcan leh qaabaynteeda iyo astaamaha hawlgalka.

Kuwa xiiseynaya, dhammaan farqiga u dhexeeya RHEV (loo yaqaan oVirt) iyo VMware vSphere waxaa laga heli karaa internetka, tusaale ahaan. halkan, laakiin waxaan wali mararka qaarkood xusi doonaa qaar ay ku kala duwan yihiin ama ay iskaga mid yihiin marka maqaalku sii socdo.

Si gooni ah, waxaan jeclaan lahaa inaan isbarbardhigo in yar shaqada iyo shabakadaha mashiinnada farsamada. oVirt waxay fulisaa mabda'a la midka ah ee maaraynta shabakada ee mashiinada farsamada (oo hadda loo yaqaan VMs), sida VMware vSphere:

• iyadoo la isticmaalayo buundada Linux caadiga ah (VMware - Heerka vSwitch), ku shaqeeya martigaliyayaasha virtualization;
• Adigoo isticmaalaya Open vSwitch (OVS) ( gudaha VMware - vSwitch la qaybiyay) waa beddelaad toos ah oo la qaybiyey oo ka kooban laba qaybood oo waaweyn: server-ka dhexe ee OVN iyo kontaroolayaasha OVN ee martigeliyayaasha la maareeyey.

Waa in la ogaadaa in fududaynta fulinta awgeed, maqaalku wuxuu sharxi doonaa dejinta shabakadaha oVirt ee VM iyadoo la adeegsanayo buundada Linux caadiga ah, taas oo ah xulashada caadiga ah marka la isticmaalayo KVM hypervisor.

Marka tan la eego, waxaa jira dhowr xeerar oo aasaasi ah oo loogu talagalay la shaqeynta shabakadda ee koox-kooxeed, kuwaas oo ugu wanaagsan inaan lagu xadgudbin:

• Dhammaan goobaha shabakadaha ee martigeliyaha ka hor inta aan lagu darin oVirt waa inay ahaadaan isku mid, marka laga reebo cinwaannada IP-ga.
• Mar haddii martigeliyaha lagu qabto gacanta oVirt, laguma talinayo in wax kasta lagu beddelo gacanta ee goobaha shabakadda, iyada oo aan kalsooni buuxda lagu qabin ficilladaada, maadaama wakiilka oVirt uu si fudud ugu rogi doono kuwii hore ka dib marka uu dib u bilaabo martigeliyaha ama wakiil.
• Ku darista shabakad cusub oo loogu talagalay VM, iyo sidoo kale la shaqayntiisa, waa in laga sameeyaa oo keliya qalabka maaraynta oVirt.

Mid kale qoraal muhiim ah - deegaan aad xasaasi u ah (aad u xasaasi u ah khasaaraha lacageed), waxa wali lagu talinayaa in la isticmaalo taageerada iyo isticmaalka lacagta Soo Bandhigista Koofiyada Cas 4.3. Inta lagu jiro hawlgalka kooxda oVirt, arrimaha qaarkood ayaa laga yaabaa inay soo baxaan kuwaas oo lagu talinayo in lagu helo caawimo aqoon leh sida ugu dhakhsaha badan, halkii aad adigu la macaamili lahayd.

Iyo ugu dambeyntii waxaa lagu talinayaa Kahor intaadan geynin kooxda oVirt, is baro dukumeenti rasmi ah, si loo ogaado ugu yaraan fikradaha aasaasiga ah iyo qeexitaannada, haddii kale way yara adkaan doontaa in la akhriyo inta kale ee maqaalka.

Aasaaska fahamka maqaalka iyo mabaadi'da hawlgalka kooxda oVirt waa dukumentiyadan hagitaan:

• Hagaha Rakibaadda oVirt
• oVirt Hagaha Matoorka Is-Hogaamiyay
• Hagaha Maamulka oVirt
  

Mugga ma jiro mid aad u weyn, saacad ama laba saacadood waxaad si fiican u baran kartaa mabaadi'da aasaasiga ah, laakiin kuwa jecel faahfaahinta, waxaa lagu talinayaa in la akhriyo Dukumentiga Alaabta ee Koofiyadda Cas 4.3 - RHEV iyo oVirt asal ahaan waa isku shay.

Markaa, haddii dhammaan goobaha aasaasiga ah ee martigeliyaha, furayaasha iyo nidaamyada kaydinta la dhammeeyey, waxaan si toos ah ugu soconnaa geynta oVirt.

Qaybta 2. Rakibaadda iyo habaynta kooxda oVirt 4.3

Si loo fududeeyo hanuuninta, waxaan maqaalkan ku tixi doonaa qaybaha ugu muhiimsan, kuwaas oo ay tahay in mid mid loo dhammaystiro:

1. Ku rakibida server-ka maaraynta oVirt
2. Abuuritaanka xarun xogeed cusub
3. Abuuritaanka koox cusub
4. Ku rakibida martigaliyayaasha dheeraadka ah ee jawi is-martigeliyay
5. Abuuritaanka meel wax lagu kaydiyo ama Domains Kaydinta
6. Abuuritaanka iyo habaynta shabakadaha mashiinnada farsamada
7. Abuuritaanka sawirka rakibaadda si loo geeyo mashiinka farsamada
8. Samee mashiinka farsamada

Ku rakibida server-ka maaraynta oVirt

Maaraynta oVirt - tani waa qaybta ugu muhiimsan ee kaabayaasha oVirt, oo ah qaab mashiinka farsamada, martigeliyaha, ama aaladaha farsamada ee maamusha dhammaan kaabayaasha oVirt.

Analoogyada u dhow ee ka imanaya adduunka wax-ku-oolka ah waa:

• VMware vSphere - vCenter Server
• Microsoft Hyper-V - Xarunta Nidaamka Maareynta Mashiinnada Farshaxanka (VMM).

Si loo rakibo server-ka maaraynta oVirt, waxaanu haynaa laba ikhtiyaar:

Doorashada 1
Soo dejinta server qaab VM gaar ah ama martigeliyaha.

Doorashadani si fiican ayey u shaqeysaa, laakiin waa haddii VM-ga noocaas ahi uu u shaqeeyo si ka madaxbanaan kooxda, i.e. kuma shaqeynayo koox kasta oo martigeliyaha ah sida mashiinka farsamada caadiga ah ee KVM socda.

Waa maxay sababta VM noocan oo kale ah loo dayn karin kooxda martida loo yahay?

Bilawga bilawga habka loo daadgureynayo server-ka maaraynta oVirt, waxaan leenahay laba daran - waxaan u baahanahay inaan ku rakibno maamulka VM, laakiin dhab ahaantii ma jiraan koox lafteeda weli, sidaas darteed maxaan la imaan karnaa duulista? Taasi waa sax - ku rakib KVM node mustaqbalka, ka dibna ku samee mashiinka farsamada, tusaale ahaan, CentOS OS oo geli mashiinka oVirt. Tan badanaa waxaa loo samayn karaa sababo la xidhiidha xakamaynta buuxda ee VM, laakiin tani waa ujeedo khaldan, sababtoo ah kiiskan, mustaqbalka waxaa jiri doona 100% dhibaatooyinka VM kantaroolka:

• laguma guuri karo oVirt console inta u dhaxaysa martigaliyayaasha (nodes) ee kooxda;
• marka loo guurayo iyadoo la isticmaalayo KVM virsh tahriib, VM-kan ma heli doono maamulka oVirt console.
• kooxda martida loo yahay laguma soo bandhigi karo Qaabka dayactirka (qaabka dayactirka), haddii aad ka guurto VM-gan martigeliyaha adigoo isticmaalaya virsh tahriib.

Markaa wax walba u samee sida sharcigu qabo - isticmaal mid ka mid ah martigeliyaha gaarka ah ee server-ka maaraynta oVirt, ama VM madax-bannaan oo ku shaqeeya, ama weli, samee sida ku qoran ikhtiyaarka labaad.

Doorashada 2
Ku-rakidda oVirt Engine Appliance ee kooxda martida loo yahay ee ay maamusho.

Waa doorashadan tan loo tixgelin doono in ka sii saxsan oo ku habboon kiiskeenna.
Shuruudaha VM noocan oo kale ah ayaa lagu sifeeyay hoosta; Halkan waxaan jeclaan lahaa in aan ku daro, sida aan horayba ugu qoray faallooyinka maqaalkii hore, marnaba ma awoodin inaan helo maskaxda kala go'a kutlada oVirt oo ka kooban laba martigaliyayaasha, oo awood u leh in ay ku socodsiiyaan matoorada VM-yada la habeeyay.

Ku Rakibaadda Qalabka Matoorka OVirt ee martigeliyaha ugu horreeya ee kooxda

Xidhiidhka dukumentiyada rasmiga ah - oVirt Hagaha Matoorka Is-Hogaamiyay, cutubka "Gelida Matoorka Is-Hogaamiyay Isticmaalka khadka taliska»

Dukumeentigu wuxuu qeexayaa shuruudaha ay tahay in la buuxiyo ka hor inta aan la dirin VM-matoorka la martigeliyay, sidoo kale wuxuu si faahfaahsan u qeexayaa habka rakibidda laftiisa, sidaas darteed waxaa jira dhibco yar oo lagu soo celinayo hadal ahaan, sidaas darteed waxaan diiradda saari doonaa faahfaahin muhiim ah.

• Kahor intaadan bilaabin dhammaan ficilada, hubso inaad karti u siiso taageerada farsamada ee goobaha BIOS ee martida loo yahay.
• Ku rakib xirmada rakibaha matoorka-matoorka ee martigeliyaha:

yum -y install http://resources.ovirt.org/pub/yum-repo/ovirt-release43.rpm 
yum -y install epel-release
yum install screen ovirt-hosted-engine-setup

• Waxaan bilaabeynaa habka loo geynayo oVirt Hosted Engine shaashadda martida loo yahay (waxaad ka bixi kartaa adigoo isticmaalaya Ctrl-A + D, ku dhow Ctrl-D):

screen
hosted-engine --deploy

Haddii aad rabto, waxaad ku socodsiin kartaa rakibaadda adigoo wata fayl jawaab ah oo horay loo sii diyaariyay:

hosted-engine --deploy --config-append=/var/lib/ovirt-hosted-engine-setup/answers/answers-ohe.conf

• Marka aan direyno matoorka-matoorka, waxaan qeexnaa dhammaan xuduudaha lagama maarmaanka ah:

- имя кластера
- количество vCPU и vRAM (рекомендуется 4 vCPU и 16 Гб)
- пароли
- тип хранилища для hosted engine ВМ – в нашем случае FC
- номер LUN для установки hosted engine
- где будет находиться база данных для hosted engine – рекомендую для простоты выбрать Local (это БД PostgreSQL работающая внутри этой ВМ)
и др. параметры. 

• Si loo rakibo VM si heer sare ah loo heli karo oo leh mishiin la martigeliyay, waxaanu hore u abuurnay LUN gaar ah oo ku saabsan nidaamka kaydinta, tirada 4 iyo 150 GB ee cabbirka, ka dibna loo soo bandhigay kooxda martida loo yahay - eeg maqaal hore.

Markii hore waxaan sidoo kale hubinnay muuqaalkeeda martida loo yahay:

multipath -ll
…
3600a098000e4b4b3000003c95d171065 dm-3 DELL    , MD38xxf
size=150G features='3 queue_if_no_path pg_init_retries 50' hwhandler='1 rdac' wp=rw
|-+- policy='service-time 0' prio=14 status=active
| `- 15:0:0:4  sdc 8:32  active ready running
`-+- policy='service-time 0' prio=9 status=enabled
  `- 18:0:0:4  sdj 8:144 active ready running

• Habka keenista matoorka-matoorka laftiisa ma aha mid adag; dhamaadka waa in aan helno wax sidan oo kale ah:

[ INFO  ] Generating answer file '/var/lib/ovirt-hosted-engine-setup/answers/answers-20191129131846.conf'
[ INFO  ] Generating answer file '/etc/ovirt-hosted-engine/answers.conf'
[ INFO  ] Stage: Pre-termination
[ INFO  ] Stage: Termination
[ INFO  ] Hosted Engine successfully deployed

Waxaan hubineynaa joogitaanka adeegyada oVirt ee martida loo yahay:

Haddii wax walba si sax ah loo sameeyay, ka dib markii rakibidda la dhammeeyo, isticmaal browserka shabakada si aad u tagto https://ovirt_hostname/ovirt-engine ka kombayutarka maamulka, oo guji [Xariirka Maamulka].

Sawirka sawirka "Xiriirka Maamulka"

Markaad geliso gelitaanka iyo erayga sirta ah (la dhigay inta lagu jiro habka rakibidda) daaqadda sida shaashadda, waxaan helnaa guddiga kontoroolka Furan ee Maareynta Virtualization, kaas oo aad ku fulin karto dhammaan tallaabooyinka kaabayaasha farsamada:

1. ku dar xarunta xogta
2. ku dar oo habee koox
3. ku dar oo maamul martigeliyaha
4. ku dar aagagga kaydinta ama Kaydinta Domains ee saxannada mashiinka farsamada
5. ku dar oo habee shabakadaha mashiinada farsamada
6. ku dar oo maamul mashiinnada farsamada gacanta, sawirada rakibaadda, qaab-dhismeedka VM

Dhammaan tallaabooyinkan ayaa si dheeraad ah looga wada hadli doonaa, qaar ayaa ku jira unugyo waaweyn, kuwa kale si faahfaahsan iyo nuances.
Laakiin marka hore waxaan kugula talin lahaa inaad akhrido wax-ku-darkan, taas oo laga yaabo inay faa'iido u leedahay qaar badan.

Isku dar

1) Mabda 'ahaan, haddii ay jirto baahi noocan oo kale ah, markaa ma jiraan wax kaa horjoogsanaya inaad ku rakibto KVM hypervisor ee qanjidhada cluster ka hor iyadoo la isticmaalayo baakado libvirt и qemu-kvm (ama qemu-kvm-ev) ee nooca la rabo, in kasta oo marka la gaynayo node-kutlada oVirt, iyadu way samayn kartaa tan lafteeda.

Laakiin haddii libvirt и qemu-kvm Haddii aadan rakibin nuqulkii ugu dambeeyay, waxaa laga yaabaa inaad hesho qaladka soo socda marka aad dirayso mishiinka la marti galiyay:

error: unsupported configuration: unknown CPU feature: md-clear

Kuwaas. waa in uu leeyahay version updated libvirt iyadoo laga ilaalinayo MDS, kaas oo taageeraya siyaasaddan:

<feature policy='require' name='md-clear'/>

Ku rakib libvirt v.4.5.0-10.el7_6.12, oo leh taageero md-cade:

yum-config-manager --disable mirror.centos.org_centos-7_7_virt_x86_64_libvirt-latest_

yum install centos-release-qemu-ev
yum update
yum install qemu-kvm qemu-img virt-manager libvirt libvirt-python libvirt-client virt-install virt-viewer libguestfs libguestfs-tools dejavu-lgc-sans-fonts virt-top libvirt libvirt-python libvirt-client

systemctl enable libvirtd
systemctl restart libvirtd && systemctl status libvirtd

Hubi taageerada 'md-cler':

virsh domcapabilities kvm | grep require
      <feature policy='require' name='ss'/>
      <feature policy='require' name='hypervisor'/>
      <feature policy='require' name='tsc_adjust'/>
      <feature policy='require' name='clflushopt'/>
      <feature policy='require' name='pku'/>
      <feature policy='require' name='md-clear'/>
      <feature policy='require' name='stibp'/>
      <feature policy='require' name='ssbd'/>
      <feature policy='require' name='invtsc'/>

Taas ka dib, waxaad sii wadi kartaa rakibidda mishiinka la martigeliyay.

2) Gudaha oVirt 4.3, joogitaanka iyo isticmaalka firewall-ka dab-damis waa shuruud waajib ah.

Haddii inta lagu jiro daabulidda VM ee matoorka la-qabtay waxaan helnaa qaladka soo socda:

[ ERROR ] fatal: [localhost]: FAILED! => {"changed": false, "msg": "firewalld is required to be enabled and active in order to correctly deploy hosted-engine. Please check, fix accordingly and re-deploy.n"}
[ ERROR ] Failed to execute stage 'Closing up': Failed executing ansible-playbook
[https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1608467

Markaa waxaad u baahan tahay inaad damiso dab-damis kale (haddii la isticmaalay), oo rakib oo socodsii dab-damis:

yum install firewalld
systemctl enable firewalld
systemctl start firewalld

firewall-cmd --state
firewall-cmd --get-default-zone
firewall-cmd --get-active-zones
firewall-cmd --get-zones

Ka dib, marka lagu rakibo wakiilka ovirt martigeliyaha cusub ee kooxda, waxay habayn doontaa dekedaha loo baahan yahay dab-damis si toos ah.

3) Dib-u-kicinta martigeliyaha leh VM-ga ku socda oo leh matoor la marti-geliyay.

Sida caadiga, isku xirka 1 и isku xirka 2 dukumentiyada maamulka.

Dhammaan maaraynta mishiinka VM ee la martigeliyay waxaa la sameeyaa oo keliya iyadoo la adeegsanayo amarka matoorka martigeliyay on martida loo yahay meesha ay ku socoto, ku saabsan barato waa in aan iloobin, iyo sidoo kale xaqiiqda ah in aad ku xiri karto VM-kan adigoo isticmaalaya SSH oo aad maamuli karto amarka "xiritaanka".

Habka gelinta VM qaabka dayactirka:

hosted-engine --set-maintenance --mode=global

hosted-engine --vm-status
!! Cluster is in GLOBAL MAINTENANCE mode !!
--== Host host1.test.local (id: 1) status ==--
conf_on_shared_storage             : True
Status up-to-date                  : True
Hostname                           : host1.test.local
Host ID                            : 1
Engine status                      : {"health": "good", "vm": "up", "detail": "Up"}
Score                              : 3400
stopped                            : False
Local maintenance                  : False
crc32                              : dee1a774
local_conf_timestamp               : 1821
Host timestamp                     : 1821
Extra metadata (valid at timestamp):
        metadata_parse_version=1
        metadata_feature_version=1
        timestamp=1821 (Sat Nov 29 14:25:19 2019)
        host-id=1
        score=3400
        vm_conf_refresh_time=1821 (Sat Nov 29 14:25:19 2019)
        conf_on_shared_storage=True
        maintenance=False
        state=GlobalMaintenance
        stopped=False

hosted-engine --vm-shutdown

Waxaan dib-u-billownay martigeliyaha wakiilka matoorka ee martida loo yahay waxaana ku samaynaa waxa aan u baahanahay.

Ka dib dib-u-kicinta, hubi heerka VM ee matoorka la marti galiyay:

hosted-engine --vm-status

Haddii VM-kayaga leh mishiinka-matoorka aanu bilaabmin iyo haddii aanu ku aragno khaladaad la mid ah diiwaanka adeegga:

Cilad ku jirta diiwaanka adeega:

journalctl -u ovirt-ha-agent
...
Jun 29 14:34:44 host1 journal: ovirt-ha-agent ovirt_hosted_engine_ha.agent.hosted_engine.HostedEngine ERROR Failed to start necessary monitors
Jun 29 14:34:44 host1 journal: ovirt-ha-agent ovirt_hosted_engine_ha.agent.agent.Agent ERROR Traceback (most recent call last):#012  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/ovirt_hosted_engine_ha/agent/agent.py", line 131, in _run_agent#012    return action(he)#012  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/ovirt_hosted_engine_ha/agent/agent.py", line 55, in action_proper#012    return he.start_monitoring()#012  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/ovirt_hosted_engine_ha/agent/hosted_engine.py", line 413, in start_monitoring#012    self._initialize_broker()#012  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/ovirt_hosted_engine_ha/agent/hosted_engine.py", line 537, in _initialize_broker#012    m.get('options', {}))#012  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/ovirt_hosted_engine_ha/lib/brokerlink.py", line 86, in start_monitor#012    ).format(t=type, o=options, e=e)#012RequestError: brokerlink - failed to start monitor via ovirt-ha-broker: [Errno 2] No such file or directory, [monitor: 'ping', options: {'addr': '172.20.32.32'}]
Jun 29 14:34:44 host1 journal: ovirt-ha-agent ovirt_hosted_engine_ha.agent.agent.Agent ERROR Trying to restart agent

Kadibna waxaan isku xireynaa kaydinta oo dib u bilownay wakiilka:

hosted-engine --connect-storage
systemctl restart ovirt-ha-agent
systemctl status ovirt-ha-agent

hosted-engine --vm-start
hosted-engine --vm-status

Ka dib markii aan ku bilownay VM-ka matoorka la-qabtay, waxaan ka saareynaa habka dayactirka:

Habka looga saarayo VM qaabka dayactirka:

hosted-engine --check-liveliness
hosted-engine --set-maintenance --mode=none
hosted-engine --vm-status

--== Host host1.test.local (id: 1) status ==--

conf_on_shared_storage             : True
Status up-to-date                  : True
Hostname                           : host1.test.local
Host ID                            : 1
Engine status                      : {"health": "good", "vm": "up", "detail": "Up"}
Score                              : 3400
stopped                            : False
Local maintenance                  : False
crc32                              : 6d1eb25f
local_conf_timestamp               : 6222296
Host timestamp                     : 6222296
Extra metadata (valid at timestamp):
        metadata_parse_version=1
        metadata_feature_version=1
        timestamp=6222296 (Fri Jan 17 11:40:43 2020)
        host-id=1
        score=3400
        vm_conf_refresh_time=6222296 (Fri Jan 17 11:40:43 2020)
        conf_on_shared_storage=True
        maintenance=False
        state=EngineUp
        stopped=False

4) Ka saarida mishiinka la marti galiyay iyo wax kasta oo la xidhiidha.

Mararka qaarkood waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in si sax ah meesha looga saaro mishiin hore loo rakibay - ссылка dokumentiga hagida.

Kaliya ku socodsii amarka martida loo yahay:

/usr/sbin/ovirt-hosted-engine-cleanup

Marka xigta, waxaanu ka saarnaa baakadaha aan loo baahnayn, anagoo xoojinayna qaar ka mid ah qaababka tan ka hor, haddii loo baahdo:

yum autoremove ovirt* qemu* virt* libvirt* libguestfs 

Abuuritaanka xarun xogeed cusub

Dukumentiga tixraaca - Hagaha Maamulka oVirt. Cutubka 4aad: Xarumaha Xogta

Marka hore aan qeexno waxa ay tahay xarunta xogta (Waxaan ka soo xigtay caawimada) waa wax macquul ah oo qeexaya agabka loo isticmaalo deegaan gaar ah.

Xarunta xogtu waa nooc weel oo ka kooban:

• ilo macquul ah oo ah qaab kooxeedyo iyo martigeliyayaal
• Ilaha shabakada kooxda ee qaabka shabakadaha macquulka ah iyo adapters jirka ee martida loo yahay,
• agabka kaydinta (loogu talagalay saxanadaha VM-ka, moodooyinka, sawirada) ee qaabka meelaha kaydinta (Domains Kaydinta).

Xarunta xogta waxaa ku jiri kara rucubyo badan oo ka kooban martigeliyayaal badan oo leh mashiinno farsamo oo ku shaqeeya, waxayna sidoo kale yeelan kartaa meelo badan oo kaydin ah oo la xidhiidha.
Waxaa jiri kara dhowr xarumood oo xog ah; waxay u shaqeeyaan si madaxbannaan midba midka kale. Ovirt waxay leedahay kala soocida awoodaha door ahaan, waxaadna u habeyn kartaa rukhsadaha shaqsi ahaan, labadaba heerka xarunta xogta iyo walxaha macquulka ah ee shaqsiyadeed.

Xarunta xogta, ama xarumaha xogta haddii ay jiraan dhowr iyaga ka mid ah, waxaa laga maamulaa hal konsole ama portal maamul.

Si aad u abuurto xarun xog, aad bogga maamulka oo samee xarun xogeed cusub:
Xisaabi >> Xarumaha xogta >> New

Maadaama aan u isticmaalno kaydinta la wadaago nidaamka kaydinta, Nooca Kaydinta waa in la wadaagaa:

Sawir-qaadista Wizard Abuurista Xarunta Xogta

Marka la rakibayo mashiinka farsamada leh oo leh matoor la-qabtay, xarun xogeed ayaa loo abuuray si caadi ah - Xarunta Xogta1, ka dibna, haddii loo baahdo, waxaad bedeli kartaa Nooca Kaydinta mid kale.

Abuuritaanka xarun xogeed waa hawl fudud, iyada oo aan lahayn wax nuances ah, iyo dhammaan ficillada dheeraadka ah ee la socda ayaa lagu qeexay dukumeentiyada. Waxa kaliya ee aan xusi doono ayaa ah in hal marti-galiyeyaasha kaliya ee leh kaydinta maxalliga ah (disk) ee VM-yada aysan awoodi doonin inay galaan xarun xogeed oo leh Nooca Kaydinta - La wadaago ( laguma dari karo halkaas), iyaga waxaad u baahan tahay inaad abuurto xarun xogeed oo gooni ah - i.e. Martigeliyaha gaarka ah ee leh kaydinta maxalliga ah wuxuu u baahan yahay xarun xogeed oo gaar ah.

Abuuritaanka koox cusub

Isku xirka dukumentiyada - Hagaha Maamulka oVirt. Cutubka 5aad: Kooxaha

Iyadoo aan la helin faahfaahin aan loo baahnayn, kooxdu - tani waa koox-kooxeed macquul ah oo marti-geliyayaal ah oo leh meel kayd ah oo wadaag ah (oo ah qaabka la wadaago ee nidaamka kaydinta, sida kiiskeena). Waxa kale oo la jecel yahay in kooxda martida loo yahay ee kutlada ku jira ay isku mid noqdaan hardware-ga oo ay leeyihiin processor-ka noociisa ah (Intel ama AMD). Waxaa fiican, dabcan, in server-yada kooxdu ay gebi ahaanba isku mid yihiin.

Kooxdu waa qayb ka mid ah xarunta xogta (oo leh nooc gaar ah oo kaydinta - Maxaliga ah ama la wadaago), oo dhammaan martigaliyayaasha waa in ay ka tirsan yihiin nooc ka mid ah kutlada, iyada oo ku xidhan haddii ay kaydiyeen la wadaago iyo in kale.

Markaad ku rakiban tahay mashiinka farsamada gacanta oo leh matoor-matoorka martigeliyaha, xarun xogeed ayaa loo abuuray si caadi ah - Xarunta Xogta1, oo ay la socdaan kooxda - Kooxda1, mustaqbalkana waxaad habayn kartaa xuduudaheeda, awood u siin kartaa doorashooyin dheeraad ah, ku dar martigeliyayaasha, iwm.

Sida caadiga ah, faahfaahinta ku saabsan dhammaan goobaha kooxda, waxaa lagu talinayaa in la tixraaco dukumentiyada rasmiga ah. Qaar ka mid ah sifooyinka dejinta koox-kooxeed, waxaan kaliya ku dari doonaa marka la abuurayo, waa ku filan tahay in la habeeyo oo kaliya xuduudaha aasaasiga ah ee tabka General.

Waxaan xusi doonaa xuduudaha ugu muhiimsan:

• Nooca Processor -ka - waxaa lagu doortay iyadoo lagu saleynayo processor-rada lagu rakibay kooxda martida loo yahay, waa maxay saaraha ay ka yimaadeen, iyo processor-ka martigeliyayaasha ayaa ah kan ugu da'da weyn, si, taas ay ku xiran tahay, dhammaan tilmaamaha processor-ka la heli karo ee kutlada ayaa loo isticmaalaa.
• Nooca wareejinta - Kooxdayada waxaan kaliya u isticmaalnaa buundada Linux, waana sababta aan u dooranayno.
• Nooca Firewall - Wax walba halkan waa ku cad yihiin, kani waa dab-damis, kaas oo ay tahay in la awoodsiiyo oo lagu habeeyo martida loo yahay.

Sawir-qaadasho leh cabbirro kooxeed

Ku rakibida martigaliyayaasha dheeraadka ah ee jawi is-martigeliyay

link dukumentiyada.

Martigeliye dheeri ah oo loogu talagalay deegaanka is-martigeliyay ayaa lagu daraa si la mid ah martigeliyaha caadiga ah, iyadoo la raacayo tallaabada dheeriga ah ee geynta VM oo leh matoor la martigeliyay - Dooro ficil geynta mishiinka la marti galiyay >> diraysa. Maadaama martigeliyaha dheeraadka ah ay tahay in sidoo kale lagu soo bandhigo LUN loogu talagalay VM oo leh mishiinka la martigeliyay, tani waxay ka dhigan tahay in martida loo yahay, haddii loo baahdo, loo isticmaali karo in lagu martigeliyo VM oo leh mishiinka la martigeliyay.
Ujeedooyinka loo dulqaadan karo qaladka, waxaa aad loogu talinayaa in ay jiraan ugu yaraan laba martigeliyaha kuwaas oo la dhigay matoorka VM.

Martigeliyaha dheeraadka ah, dami iptables (haddii la kartiyeeyo), awood u geli firewalld

systemctl stop iptables
systemctl disable iptables

systemctl enable firewalld
systemctl start firewalld

Ku rakib nooca KVM ee loo baahan yahay (haddii loo baahdo):

yum-config-manager --disable mirror.centos.org_centos-7_7_virt_x86_64_libvirt-latest_

yum install centos-release-qemu-ev
yum update
yum install qemu-kvm qemu-img virt-manager libvirt libvirt-python libvirt-client virt-install virt-viewer libguestfs libguestfs-tools dejavu-lgc-sans-fonts virt-top libvirt libvirt-python libvirt-client

systemctl enable libvirtd
systemctl restart libvirtd && systemctl status libvirtd

virsh domcapabilities kvm | grep md-clear

Ku rakib bakhaarrada lagama maarmaanka ah iyo rakibaha mishiinka la marti galiyay:

yum -y install http://resources.ovirt.org/pub/yum-repo/ovirt-release43.rpm
yum -y install epel-release
yum update
yum install screen ovirt-hosted-engine-setup

Marka xigta, tag console-ka Furo Maamulaha Farsamaynta, ku dar martigeliyaha cusub, oo wax walba u samee talaabo talaabo, sida ku qoran dukumentiyo.

Natiijo ahaan, ka dib marka lagu daro martigeliyaha dheeraadka ah, waa inaan helnaa wax la mid ah sawirka konsole maamulka, sida shaashadda.

Sawir-qaadista bogga maamulka - martigeliyayaasha

Martigeliyaha uu matoorka-matoorka VM hadda ku shaqaynayaa waxa uu leeyahay taaj dahab ah iyo qoraal ah "Ku socodsiinta Matoorka Hosted VM", martigeliyaha kaas oo VM-kan lagu bilaabi karo haddii loo baahdo - qoraalka"Wuxuu socodsiin karaa Matoorka Hosted VM".

Haddii ay dhacdo guuldarro martigelinaysa taas oo "Ku socodsiinta Matoorka Hosted VM", waxay si toos ah dib ugu bilaabi doontaa martigeliyaha labaad. VM-gan waxa kale oo laga rari karaa martigeliyaha firfircoon una guuri kara martigeliyaha heeganka u ah dayactirkiisa.

Dejinta Maareynta Korontada / dayrka martigeliyayaasha oVirt

Xiriirinta dukumeentiyada:

• Farsamaynta Koofiyada Cas 4.3 -> Tixraaca Farsamada -> Cutubka 4. Maaraynta Awoodda
• Hagaha Maamulka oVirt -> Cutubka 7aad: Martigaliyayaasha

In kasta oo ay u ekaan karto inaad dhammaysay ku darista iyo habaynta martigeliyaha, taasi gabi ahaanba run maaha.
Hawlgalka caadiga ah ee martida loo yahay, iyo si loo aqoonsado/xalliyo guul-darrooyinka mid kasta oo iyaga ka mid ah, dejinta Maareynta Awoodda / daynta ayaa loo baahan yahay.

dayrka, ama dayrka, waa habka si ku meel gaadh ah looga saarayo martigaliyaha khaldan ama guuldaraystay kooxda, inta lagu guda jiro adeega oVirt ee ku yaal ama martigeliyaha laftiisa ayaa dib loo bilaabayaa.

Dhammaan faahfaahinta ku saabsan qeexitaannada iyo cabbirrada Maareynta Awoodda / deyrka ayaa lagu bixiyaa, sida caadiga ah, dukumeentiyada; Waxaan kaliya ku siin doonaa tusaale sida loo habeeyo cabbirkan muhiimka ah, sida lagu dabaqay server-yada Dell R640 ee leh iDRAC 9.

1. Aad bogga maamulka, guji Xisaabi >> Hawlwadeennada dooro martigeliyaha.
2. Waxaan riixnaa Edit.
3. Guji tab Maaraynta Awoodda.
4. Calaamadee sanduuqa ku xiga doorashada Daar Maamulka Korontada.
5. Calaamadee sanduuqa ku xiga doorashada Isku dhafka Kdumpsi looga ilaaliyo martida loo yahay inuu galo qaabka deyrka marka la duubayo qashinka kernel-ka.

Fiiro gaar ah.

Ka dib markii ay awood u siisay isku dhafka Kdump martigeliyaha hore u socday, waa in dib loo rakibaa iyadoo la raacayo nidaamka Hagaha Maamulka oVirt -> Cutubka 7aad: Martigaliyayaasha -> Dib-u-soo-celinta Martigeliyayaasha.

1. Ikhtiyaar ahaan, waxaad calaamadin kartaa sanduuqa Dami xakamaynta siyaasadda ee maamulka awoodda, haddii aynaan doonayn in maamulka awoodda martida loo yahay ay maamusho Siyaasadda Jadwalka kooxda.
2. Guji badhanka (+) si loogu daro qalab cusub oo maamulka awooda, daaqada wax ka beddelka guryaha wakiilka ayaa furmi doonta.
   Wixii iDRAC9 ah, buuxi meelaha:
   • Cinwaanka - ciwaanka iDRAC9
   • Magaca isticmaale / Password Login iyo erayga sirta ah si aad u gasho iDRAC9, siday u kala horreeyaan
   • nooca -dar5
   • Calaamadee Aamin
   • ku dar xulashooyinka soo socda: cmd_prompt=>, login_timeout=30

Sawir-qaadis leh "Maareynta Awoodda" cabbirrada guryaha martida loo yahay

Abuuritaanka meel wax lagu kaydiyo ama Domains Kaydinta

Isku xirka dukumentiyada - Hagaha Maamulka oVirt, Cutubka 8: Kaydinta.

Kaydinta Domain, ama aagga kaydinta, waa meel dhexe oo lagu kaydiyo saxanadaha mashiinka farsamada, sawirada rakibaadda, qaab-dhismeedka, iyo sawir-qaadista.

Goobaha kaydinta waxaa lagu xidhi karaa xarunta xogta iyadoo la isticmaalayo borotokoolo kala duwan, kutlada iyo nidaamka faylka shabakada.

oVirt waxay leedahay saddex nooc oo aagga kaydinta ah:

• Xogta Domain - si loo kaydiyo dhammaan xogta la xidhiidha mashiinnada farsamada (disks, templates). Domain-ka xogta lama wadaagi karo xarumaha xogta ee kala duwan.
• ISO Domain (nooca meesha kaydinta ee duugoobay) - si loo kaydiyo sawirada rakibaadda OS. Domain-ka ISO waxa lala wadaagi karaa xarumaha xogta ee kala duwan.
• Dhoofinta Domain (nooca meesha kaydinta ee duugoobay) - kaydinta ku meel gaadhka ah ee sawirada laga dhex guuray xarumaha xogta.

Xaaladeena gaarka ah, meel lagu kaydiyo oo leh nooca Data Domain waxay isticmaashaa Fiber Channel Protocol (FCP) si ay ugu xidho LUNs nidaamka kaydinta.

Marka la eego aragtida oVirt, marka la isticmaalayo nidaamyada kaydinta (FC ama iSCSI), disk kasta oo sawir leh, sawir ama template waa disk macquul ah.
Aaladaha xannibaadda waxaa la isugu geeyaa hal unug (kooxaha martida loo yahay) iyadoo la adeegsanayo Kooxda mugga ka dibna loo qaybiyay iyadoo la adeegsanayo LVM-ga tiro macquul ah, kuwaas oo loo isticmaalo disk-yada farsamada ee VM-yada.

Dhammaan kooxahan iyo tiro badan oo LVM ah ayaa lagu arki karaa kooxda martida loo yahay iyadoo la adeegsanayo amarrada iwm и lvs. Dabcan, dhammaan ficillada leh saxanadaha noocan oo kale ah waa in lagu sameeyaa oo keliya oVirt console, marka laga reebo xaalado gaar ah.

Saxannada Virtual-ka ee VM-yadu waxay noqon karaan laba nooc - QCOW2 ama RAW. discs waxaa laga yaabaa inay "dhuuban"ama"qaro weyn"Snapshots waxaa had iyo jeer loo abuuray sida"dhuuban".

Habka loo maareeyo xayndaabka Kaydinta, ama meelaha kaydinta ee laga galo FC, waa arrin macquul ah - disk kasta oo VM ah waxaa jira mug macquul ah oo gooni ah oo uu qori karo hal marti-geliyaha kaliya. Xidhiidhada FC, oVirt waxay isticmaashaa wax la mid ah LVM kooxaysan.

Mashiinnada casriga ah ee ku yaal isla aagga kaydinta ayaa loo kala guuri karaa inta u dhaxaysa martigaliyayaasha ka tirsan koox isku mid ah.

Sida aan ka arki karno sharraxaadda, koox ku jirta oVirt, sida kutlada ku jirta VMware vSphere ama Hyper-V, asal ahaan waxay ka dhigan tahay isla shay - waa koox-kooxeed macquul ah oo martigeliyayaal ah, oo doorbidaya isku mid ah halabuurka qalabka, iyo haysashada kaydinta guud ee farsamada casriga ah. saxanadaha mashiinka.

Aynu si toos ah ugu socono abuurista aag kaydinta xogta (VM disks), maadaama la'aanteed xarunta xogta aan la bilaabi doonin.
Aan ku xasuusiyo in dhammaan LUN-yada loo soo bandhigo kooxda martida loo yahay ee nidaamka kaydinta waa inay ku muuqdaan iyaga oo isticmaalaya amarka "multipath -ll".

Sida laga soo xigtay dukumentiyo, aad portal u tag kaydinta >> domains -> Domain Cusub oo raac tilmaamaha qaybta "Ku darista Kaydinta FCP".

Ka dib markaad bilowdo saaxir, buuxi meelaha loo baahan yahay:

• magaca - deji magaca kooxda
• Domain function -Xogta
• Nooca Kaydinta - Kanaalka Fiber
• Martigeliyaha loo Isticmaalo - dooro martigeliyaha kaas oo LUN aanu u baahanahay uu diyaar yahay

Liiska LUN-yada, calaamadee midka aan u baahanahay, guji Ku dar ka dibna OK. Haddii loo baahdo, waxaad hagaajin kartaa cabbirada dheeraadka ah ee aagga kaydinta adigoo gujinaya Heerka Sare.

Shaashadda saaxir ee ku darista "Deegaanka Kaydinta"

Iyada oo ku saleysan natiijooyinka saaxirku, waa in aan helnaa meel kaydinta cusub, xarunteena xogta waa in ay u gudubtaa heerka UP, ama la bilaabay:

Sawirada xarunta xogta iyo meelaha lagu kaydiyo:

Abuuritaanka iyo habaynta shabakadaha mashiinnada farsamada

Isku xirka dukumentiyada - Hagaha Maamulka oVirt, Cutubka 6: Shabakadaha macquulka ah

Shabakadaha, ama shabakadaha, waxay u adeegaan kooxda shabakadaha macquulka ah ee loo isticmaalo kaabayaasha farsamada ee oVirt.

Si loo dhexgalo adabtarada shabakadda ee mashiinka farsamada iyo adabtarada jireed ee martida loo yahay, interfaces macquul ah sida buundada Linux ayaa la isticmaalaa.

Si loo kooxeeyo oo loo qaybiyo taraafikada shabakadaha, VLAN-yada waxaa lagu habeeyaa furayaasha.

Marka la abuurayo shabakad macquul ah oo loogu talagalay mashiinnada farsamada ee oVirt, waa in loo qoondeeyaa aqoonsi u dhigma lambarka VLAN ee furaha si VM-yadu ay ula xiriiraan midba midka kale, xitaa haddii ay ku socdaan qanjidhada kala duwan ee kutlada.

Dejinta horudhaca ah ee adabtarada shabakada ee martigeliyayaasha ee isku xirka mashiinada farsamada waa in lagu sameeyaa gudaha maqaal hore - interface macquul ah habaysan dammaanad1, ka dib dhammaan goobaha shabakada waa in lagu sameeyaa oo kaliya iyada oo loo marayo marinka maamulka oVirt.

Ka dib markii la abuuray VM leh matoor la-qabtay, marka lagu daro abuurista tooska ah ee xarun xogeed iyo koox, shabakad macquul ah ayaa sidoo kale si toos ah loo abuuray si loo maareeyo kutladayada - ovritmgmt, kaas oo VM-kan ku xidhnaa.

Haddii loo baahdo, waxaad arki kartaa goobaha shabakada macquulka ah ovritmgmt oo hagaaji iyaga, laakiin waa inaad ka taxadartaa inaadan lumin xakamaynta kaabayaasha oVirt.

Dejinta shabakada macquulka ah ovritmgmt

Si aad u abuurto shabakad macquul ah oo cusub oo loogu talagalay VM-yada caadiga ah, bogga maamulka tag Network >> Shabakadaha >> New, iyo tabka General ku dar shabakad leh aqoonsiga VLAN ee la rabo, sidoo kale calaamadee sanduuqa ku xiga"Shabakadda VM", tani waxay ka dhigan tahay in loo isticmaali karo meelaynta VM.

Shaashada shabkada cusub ee VLAN32 ee macquulka ah

In tab KooxdaShabakaddan waxa aanu ku xidhnay kutladayada Kooxda1.

Intaa ka dib waxaan aadeynaa Xisaabi >> Hawlwadeennada, u tag martida kasta markeeda, tab Isku xirka shabakada, oo fur saaxirkii Dejinta shabakadaha martida loo yahay, in lagu xidho martigaliyayaasha shabakad macquul ah oo cusub.

Sawir-qaadista saaxiraha "Setup host networks".

Wakiilka oVirt wuxuu si toos ah u samayn doonaa dhammaan shabakadaha lagama maarmaanka u ah martigeliyaha - samee VLAN iyo BRIDGE.

Tusaalaha qaabeynta faylasha shabakadaha cusub ee martida loo yahay:

cat ifcfg-bond1
# Generated by VDSM version 4.30.17.1
DEVICE=bond1
BONDING_OPTS='mode=1 miimon=100'
MACADDR=00:50:56:82:57:52
ONBOOT=yes
MTU=1500
DEFROUTE=no
NM_CONTROLLED=no
IPV6INIT=no

cat ifcfg-bond1.432
# Generated by VDSM version 4.30.17.1
DEVICE=bond1.432
VLAN=yes
BRIDGE=ovirtvm-vlan432
ONBOOT=yes
MTU=1500
DEFROUTE=no
NM_CONTROLLED=no
IPV6INIT=no

cat ifcfg-ovirtvm-vlan432
# Generated by VDSM version 4.30.17.1
DEVICE=ovirtvm-vlan432
TYPE=Bridge
DELAY=0
STP=off
ONBOOT=yes
MTU=1500
DEFROUTE=no
NM_CONTROLLED=no
IPV6INIT=no

Aan ku xasuusiyo mar labaad taas kooxda martida loo yahay LOOMA BAAHNA Horay u samee is-dhexgalka shabakadaha gacanta ifcfg-bond1.432 и ifcfg-ovirtvm-vlan432.

Ka dib marka lagu daro shabakad macquul ah iyo hubinta xiriirka ka dhexeeya martigeliyaha iyo mashiinka la martigeliyay ee VM, waxaa loo isticmaali karaa mashiinka farsamada.

Abuuritaanka sawirka rakibaadda si loo geeyo mashiinka farsamada

Isku xirka dukumentiyada - Hagaha Maamulka oVirt, Cutubka 8: Kaydinta, qaybta U raritaanka Sawirrada Goobta Kaydinta Xogta.

La'aanteed sawirka rakibaadda OS, suurtagal ma noqon doonto in lagu rakibo mashiinka farsamada, inkastoo tani dabcan aysan dhibaato ahayn haddii, tusaale ahaan, lagu rakibo shabakada Kabare oo leh sawirro horay loo sameeyay.

Xaaladeena, tani suurtogal maaha, markaa waa inaad sawirkan soo gelisaa oVirt laftaadu. Markii hore, tani waxay u baahan tahay abuurista Domain ISO, laakiin nooca cusub ee oVirt waa laga saaray, sidaa darteed waxaad hadda si toos ah sawirrada ugu dhejin kartaa goobta Kaydinta ee marinka maamulka.

In portal maamulka tag kaydinta >> saxannada >> Upload >> Start
Waxaan ku darnaa sawirkayaga OS sida faylka ISO, buuxi dhammaan goobaha foomka, oo guji badhanka "Isku xirka tijaabi".

Shaashada Sawirka Wizard Rakibaadda

Haddii aan helno qalad sidan oo kale ah:

Unable to upload image to disk d6d8fd10-c1e0-4f2d-af15-90f8e636dadc due to a network error. Ensure that ovirt-imageio-proxy service is installed and configured and that ovirt-engine's CA certificate is registered as a trusted CA in the browser. The certificate can be fetched from https://ovirt.test.local/ovirt-engine/services/pki-resource?resource=ca-certificate&format=X509-PEM-CA`

Markaa waxaad u baahan tahay inaad ku darto shahaadada oVirt "Root CAs oo la aamini karo"(Trusted Root CA) oo ku taal xarunta kantaroolka ee maamulka, meesha aan isku dayeyno inaan soo dejino sawirka.

Kadib markaad ku darto shahaadadda Root-ka Aaminsan ee CA, mar kale dhagsii"Isku xirka tijaabi", waa in la helaa:

Connection to ovirt-imageio-proxy was successful.

Kadib markaad dhamaystirto tallaabada ku darista shahaadada, waxaad isku dayi kartaa inaad sawirka ISO ku dhejiso Domain Kaydinta mar labaad.

Mabda 'ahaan, waxaad samayn kartaa Domain Kaydinta gaar ah oo leh nooca Xogta si aad u kaydiso sawirada iyo qaab-dhismeedka si gooni gooni ah saxannada VM-ga, ama xitaa waxaad ku kaydin kartaa Kaydinta Domain-ka matoorka martida loo yahay, laakiin tani waa go'aanka maamulaha.

Sawirka sawirada ISO ee ku jira Kaydinta Domain ee mishiinka la marti galiyay

Samee mashiinka farsamada

Xiriirinta dukumeentiyada:
oVir Virtual Machine Management Guide –> Cutubka 2: Rakibaadda Mashiinnada Virtual Linux
Ilaha Macaamiisha Console

Ka dib markaad ku dhejiso sawirka rakibaadda OS-ga oVirt, waxaad si toos ah ugu socon kartaa abuurista mashiinka farsamada. Shaqooyin badan ayaa la qabtay, laakiin waxaan mar hore joognay heerkii ugu dambeeyay, taas aawadood waxaas oo dhan la bilaabay - helitaanka kaabayaal u dulqaadasho leh oo loogu talagalay martigelinta mashiinnada farsamada gacanta ee aadka loo heli karo. Oo waxaas oo dhami gabi ahaanba waa bilaash - hal dinaar laguma kharash garaynin iibsashada shatiyada software-ka.

Si loo abuuro mishiinka farsamada ee CentOS 7, sawirka rakibaadda ee OS waa in la soo dejiyaa.

Waxaan tagnaa marinka maamulka, tag Xisaabi >> Mashiinnada Virtual, oo bilow saaxir abuurka VM. Buuxi dhammaan xuduudaha iyo goobaha oo guji OK. Wax walba aad bay u fudud yihiin haddii aad raacdo dukumeentiyada.

Tusaale ahaan, waxaan ku siin doonaa saldhigyada aasaasiga ah iyo kuwa dheeraadka ah ee VM aadka loo heli karo, oo leh disk la abuuray, oo ku xiran shabakada, iyo ka-bixitaanka sawirka rakibaadda:

Sawir-qaadasho leh goobo VM oo aad loo heli karo

Kadib marka aad dhammayso shaqada saaxirka, xidh, fur VM cusub oo ku rakib OS-ka.
Si tan loo sameeyo, u tag console-ka VM-kan iyada oo loo marayo marinka maamulka:

Shaashadda goobaha marinka maamulka ee ku xidhidhiyaha VM console

Si aad ugu xidho console-ka VM-ka, waa in aad marka hore ku habayso konsole-ga sifooyinka mishiinka farsamada.

Shaashadda goobaha VM, tab “Console”.

Si aad ugu xidho konsolka VM waxaad isticmaali kartaa tusaale ahaan, Daawiyaha Mashiinka Farshaxan.

Si aad si toos ah ugu xidho konsole VM daaqada browserka, goobaha isku xidhka ee loo maro konsole waa inay ahaadaan sida soo socota:

Ka dib markii lagu rakibo OS-ka VM, waxaa lagu talinayaa in la rakibo wakiilka martida oVirt:

yum -y install epel-release
yum install -y ovirt-guest-agent-common
systemctl enable ovirt-guest-agent.service && systemctl restart ovirt-guest-agent.service
systemctl status ovirt-guest-agent.service

Markaa, natiijada ficiladeena, VM-ga la abuuray ayaa si heersare ah loo heli doonaa, i.e. haddii qanjirada kooxda ee ay ku shaqaynayso ay guuldarreysato, oVirt waxay si toos ah dib ugu bilaabi doontaa noodhka labaad. VM-gan waxa kale oo loo haajiray inta u dhaxaysa kooxda martida loo yahay dayactirkooda ama ujeedooyin kale.

gunaanad

Waxaan rajeynayaa in maqaalkani uu ku guuleystey in uu gudbiyo in oVirt uu yahay qalab gebi ahaanba caadi ah oo lagu maareeyo kaabayaasha farsamada, taas oo aan aad u adagtahay in la geeyo - waxa ugu muhiimsan waa in la raaco sharciyada qaarkood iyo shuruudaha lagu qeexay labadaba maqaalka iyo dukumentiyada.

Maqaalka oo aad u balaadhnaa awgeed, ma suurtoobin in lagu daro waxyaabo badan, sida tallaabo-tallaabo fulinta saaxiriinta kala duwan oo leh dhammaan sharraxaad faahfaahsan iyo sawirro, gunaanad dheer oo amarrada qaarkood ah, iwm. Dhab ahaantii, tani waxay u baahan doontaa qorista buug dhan, kaas oo aan macno badan samaynayn sababtoo ah noocyada cusub ee software-ka oo si joogto ah ula muuqda hal-abuurnimo iyo isbeddello. Waxa ugu muhiimsan waa in la fahmo mabda'a sida ay dhammaantood u wada shaqeeyaan, iyo in la helo algorithm guud oo loogu talagalay abuurista madal u dulqaadan karta maaraynta mashiinnada farsamada.

In kasta oo aan abuurnay kaabayaal macmal ah, waxaan hadda u baahanahay inaan barno si ay ula falgalaan labadaba walxaha shakhsi ahaaneed: martigeliyayaasha, mashiinnada farsamada, shabakadaha gudaha, iyo adduunka dibadda.

Nidaamkani waa mid ka mid ah hawlaha ugu muhiimsan ee nidaamka ama maamulaha shabakada, kaas oo lagu dabooli doono maqaalka soo socda - oo ku saabsan isticmaalka VyOS router-yada farsamada ee kaabayaasha u dulqaadashada cilladaha ee ganacsigeena (sida aad qiyaastay, waxay u shaqeyn doonaan sidii wax-ku-ool ah. mishiinada ku jira kooxdayada oVirt).

Source: www.habr.com