Hadda, REST API waxay noqotay halbeeg loogu talagalay horumarinta codsiga shabakadda, taasoo u oggolaanaysa horumarinta in loo qaybiyo qaybo madaxbannaan. Nidaamyo kala duwan oo caan ah sida Angular, React, Vue iyo kuwa kale ayaa hadda loo isticmaalaa UI. Soosaarayaasha dhabarka dambe waxay ka dooran karaan luuqado iyo qaabab kala duwan oo kala duwan. Maanta waxaan jeclaan lahaa inaan ka hadlo qaab-dhismeedka sida NestJS. Waxaan ku jirnaa TestMace Waxaan si firfircoon ugu isticmaalnaa mashaariicda gudaha. Isticmaalka buul iyo xirmo @nestjsx/crud, waxaan abuuri doonaa codsi fudud CRUD.

Waa maxay sababta NestJS

Dhawaanahan, qaab-dhismeedyo badan ayaa ka dhex muuqday bulshada JavaScript. Iyo haddii marka la eego shaqeynta ay bixiyaan awoodo la mid ah Nest, markaa hal shay ayaa hubaal ah inay ku guuleysato - kani waa dhismaha. Tilmaamaha soo socda ee NestJS waxay kuu oggolaanayaan inaad abuurto codsiyada warshadaha iyo kobcinta miisaanka kooxaha waaweyn:

• iyadoo la isticmaalayo TypeScript luqadda horumarinta ugu weyn. In kasta oo NestJS ay taageerto JavaScript, shaqaynta qaar ayaa laga yaabaa inaanay shaqayn, gaar ahaan haddii aan ka hadlayno xidhmooyinka qolo saddexaad;
• joogitaanka weelka DI, kaas oo kuu ogolaanaya inaad abuurto qaybo dabacsan oo isku xiran;
• Shaqeynta qaab-dhismeedka laftiisa ayaa loo qaybiyaa qaybo is-beddeli kara oo madaxbannaan. Tusaale ahaan, daboolka hoostiisa sida qaab-dhismeedka waxaa loo isticmaali karaa sida muujiyaan, iyo degdegin, si aad ula shaqeyso kaydka xogta, buulka ka baxay sanduuqa wuxuu bixiyaa xidhidhyo makiinadda, mongoose, taxan;
• NestJS waa agnostic madal waxayna taageertaa REST, GraphQL, Websockets, gRPC, iwm.

Qaab dhismeedka laftiisa waxaa dhiirigeliyay qaabka hore ee xagasha oo fikrad ahaan wax badan ayay wadaagaan.

Rakibaadda NestJS iyo Hawlgelinta Mashruuca

Buulka waxaa ku jira xirmo buulka/cli, kaas oo kuu ogolaanaya inaad si dhakhso ah u geyso qaabka codsiga aasaasiga ah. Aan u rakibno xirmadan si caalami ah:

npm install --global @nest/cli

Ka dib marka la rakibo, waxaan soo saari doonaa qaabka aasaasiga ah ee codsigayaga oo leh magaca buul-rest. Tan waxaa lagu sameeyaa iyadoo la adeegsanayo amarka nest new nest-rest.

buul-nasasho cusub

dmitrii@dmitrii-HP-ZBook-17-G3:~/projects $ nest new nest-rest
  We will scaffold your app in a few seconds..

CREATE /nest-rest/.prettierrc (51 bytes)
CREATE /nest-rest/README.md (3370 bytes)
CREATE /nest-rest/nest-cli.json (84 bytes)
CREATE /nest-rest/nodemon-debug.json (163 bytes)
CREATE /nest-rest/nodemon.json (67 bytes)
CREATE /nest-rest/package.json (1805 bytes)
CREATE /nest-rest/tsconfig.build.json (97 bytes)
CREATE /nest-rest/tsconfig.json (325 bytes)
CREATE /nest-rest/tslint.json (426 bytes)
CREATE /nest-rest/src/app.controller.spec.ts (617 bytes)
CREATE /nest-rest/src/app.controller.ts (274 bytes)
CREATE /nest-rest/src/app.module.ts (249 bytes)
CREATE /nest-rest/src/app.service.ts (142 bytes)
CREATE /nest-rest/src/main.ts (208 bytes)
CREATE /nest-rest/test/app.e2e-spec.ts (561 bytes)
CREATE /nest-rest/test/jest-e2e.json (183 bytes)

? Which package manager would you ️ to use? yarn
 Installation in progress... 

  Successfully created project nest-rest
  Get started with the following commands:

$ cd nest-rest
$ yarn run start

                          Thanks for installing Nest 
                 Please consider donating to our open collective
                        to help us maintain this package.

                 Donate: https://opencollective.com/nest

Waxaan u dooran doonaa dunta maareeyaha xirmadayada.
Halkaa marka ay marayso waxaad ku bilaabi kartaa serverka amarka npm start oo aado ciwaanka http://localhost:3000 waxaad arki kartaa bogga ugu weyn. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tani maaha sababta aan halkan isugu nimid oo aan u soconno.

Dejinta shaqada database-ka

Waxaan u doortay PostrgreSQL sida DBMS maqaalkan. Ma jiro wax khilaaf ah oo ku saabsan dhadhanka; fikradayda, tani waa DBMS ugu bisil, oo leh dhammaan awoodaha lagama maarmaanka ah. Sidaan horayba u soo sheegnay, Nest waxa ay ku siisaa is dhexgalka baakado kala duwan si ay ula shaqeyso xog-ururinta. Sababtoo ah Mar haddii doorashadaydu ku dhacday PostgreSQL, waxay noqon lahayd macquul in la doorto TypeORM ORM ahaan. Aan ku rakibno xirmooyinka lagama maarmaanka u ah la-dhexgalka xogta xogta:

yarn add typeorm @nestjs/typeorm pg

Sida ay u kala horreeyaan, baakidh kasta waxa loogu baahan yahay:

1. nooca nooca - xirmo si toos ah ORM laftiisa;
2. @nestjs/typeorm - Xidhmada TypeORM ee NestJS. Wuxuu ku daraa qaybo lagu soo dejiyo qaybaha mashruuca, iyo sidoo kale qayb ka mid ah qurxinta qurxinta;
3. pg - darawalka la shaqeeya PostgreSQL.

Hagaag, xirmooyinka waa la rakibay, hadda waxaad u baahan tahay inaad bilowdo kaydinta xogta lafteeda. Si loo geeyo xogta xogta, waxaan isticmaali doonaa docker-compose.yml oo wata waxyaabaha soo socda:

docker-compose.yml

version: '3.1'

services:
  db:
    image: postgres:11.2
    restart: always
    environment:
      POSTGRES_PASSWORD: example
    volumes:
      - ../db:/var/lib/postgresql/data
      - ./postgresql.conf:/etc/postgresql/postgresql.conf
    ports:
      - 5432:5432
  adminer:
    image: adminer
    restart: always
    ports:
      - 8080:8080

Sida aad arki karto, faylkani waxa uu habeeyaa soo saarista 2 weel:

1. db waa weel si toos ah ugu jira kaydka xogta. Xaaladeena, nooca postgresql 11.2 ayaa loo isticmaalaa;
2. maamulaha — maareeyaha kaydka xogta. Waxay bixisaa is-dhexgal shabakadeed oo loogu talagalay daawashada iyo maareynta xogta xogta.

Si aan ula shaqeeyo isku xirka tcp, waxaan ku daray qaabkan soo socda.

postgresql.conf

# -----------------------------
# PostgreSQL configuration file
# -----------------------------
#
# This file consists of lines of the form:
#
#   name = value
#
# (The "=" is optional.)  Whitespace may be used.  Comments are introduced with
# "#" anywhere on a line.  The complete list of parameter names and allowed
# values can be found in the PostgreSQL documentation.
#
# The commented-out settings shown in this file represent the default values.
# Re-commenting a setting is NOT sufficient to revert it to the default value;
# you need to reload the server.
#
# This file is read on server startup and when the server receives a SIGHUP
# signal.  If you edit the file on a running system, you have to SIGHUP the
# server for the changes to take effect, run "pg_ctl reload", or execute
# "SELECT pg_reload_conf()".  Some parameters, which are marked below,
# require a server shutdown and restart to take effect.
#
# Any parameter can also be given as a command-line option to the server, e.g.,
# "postgres -c log_connections=on".  Some parameters can be changed at run time
# with the "SET" SQL command.
#
# Memory units:  kB = kilobytes        Time units:  ms  = milliseconds
#                MB = megabytes                     s   = seconds
#                GB = gigabytes                     min = minutes
#                TB = terabytes                     h   = hours
#                                                   d   = days
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# FILE LOCATIONS
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# The default values of these variables are driven from the -D command-line
# option or PGDATA environment variable, represented here as ConfigDir.
#data_directory = 'ConfigDir'       # use data in another directory
# (change requires restart)
#hba_file = 'ConfigDir/pg_hba.conf' # host-based authentication file
# (change requires restart)
#ident_file = 'ConfigDir/pg_ident.conf' # ident configuration file
# (change requires restart)
# If external_pid_file is not explicitly set, no extra PID file is written.
#external_pid_file = ''         # write an extra PID file
# (change requires restart)
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# CONNECTIONS AND AUTHENTICATION
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# - Connection Settings -
listen_addresses = '*'
#listen_addresses = 'localhost'     # what IP address(es) to listen on;
# comma-separated list of addresses;
# defaults to 'localhost'; use '*' for all
# (change requires restart)
#port = 5432                # (change requires restart)
#max_connections = 100          # (change requires restart)
#superuser_reserved_connections = 3 # (change requires restart)
#unix_socket_directories = '/tmp'   # comma-separated list of directories
# (change requires restart)
#unix_socket_group = ''         # (change requires restart)
#unix_socket_permissions = 0777     # begin with 0 to use octal notation
# (change requires restart)
#bonjour = off              # advertise server via Bonjour
# (change requires restart)
#bonjour_name = ''          # defaults to the computer name
# (change requires restart)
# - TCP Keepalives -
# see "man 7 tcp" for details
#tcp_keepalives_idle = 0        # TCP_KEEPIDLE, in seconds;
# 0 selects the system default
#tcp_keepalives_interval = 0        # TCP_KEEPINTVL, in seconds;
# 0 selects the system default
#tcp_keepalives_count = 0       # TCP_KEEPCNT;
# 0 selects the system default
# - Authentication -
#authentication_timeout = 1min      # 1s-600s
#password_encryption = md5      # md5 or scram-sha-256
#db_user_namespace = off
# GSSAPI using Kerberos
#krb_server_keyfile = ''
#krb_caseins_users = off
# - SSL -
#ssl = off
#ssl_ca_file = ''
#ssl_cert_file = 'server.crt'
#ssl_crl_file = ''
#ssl_key_file = 'server.key'
#ssl_ciphers = 'HIGH:MEDIUM:+3DES:!aNULL' # allowed SSL ciphers
#ssl_prefer_server_ciphers = on
#ssl_ecdh_curve = 'prime256v1'
#ssl_min_protocol_version = 'TLSv1'
#ssl_max_protocol_version = ''
#ssl_dh_params_file = ''
#ssl_passphrase_command = ''
#ssl_passphrase_command_supports_reload = off
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# RESOURCE USAGE (except WAL)
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# - Memory -
#shared_buffers = 32MB          # min 128kB
# (change requires restart)
#huge_pages = try           # on, off, or try
# (change requires restart)
#temp_buffers = 8MB         # min 800kB
#max_prepared_transactions = 0      # zero disables the feature
# (change requires restart)
# Caution: it is not advisable to set max_prepared_transactions nonzero unless
# you actively intend to use prepared transactions.
#work_mem = 4MB             # min 64kB
#maintenance_work_mem = 64MB        # min 1MB
#autovacuum_work_mem = -1       # min 1MB, or -1 to use maintenance_work_mem
#max_stack_depth = 2MB          # min 100kB
#shared_memory_type = mmap      # the default is the first option
# supported by the operating system:
#   mmap
#   sysv
#   windows
# (change requires restart)
#dynamic_shared_memory_type = posix # the default is the first option
# supported by the operating system:
#   posix
#   sysv
#   windows
#   mmap
# (change requires restart)
# - Disk -
#temp_file_limit = -1           # limits per-process temp file space
# in kB, or -1 for no limit
# - Kernel Resources -
#max_files_per_process = 1000       # min 25
# (change requires restart)
# - Cost-Based Vacuum Delay -
#vacuum_cost_delay = 0          # 0-100 milliseconds (0 disables)
#vacuum_cost_page_hit = 1       # 0-10000 credits
#vacuum_cost_page_miss = 10     # 0-10000 credits
#vacuum_cost_page_dirty = 20        # 0-10000 credits
#vacuum_cost_limit = 200        # 1-10000 credits
# - Background Writer -
#bgwriter_delay = 200ms         # 10-10000ms between rounds
#bgwriter_lru_maxpages = 100        # max buffers written/round, 0 disables
#bgwriter_lru_multiplier = 2.0      # 0-10.0 multiplier on buffers scanned/round
#bgwriter_flush_after = 0       # measured in pages, 0 disables
# - Asynchronous Behavior -
#effective_io_concurrency = 1       # 1-1000; 0 disables prefetching
#max_worker_processes = 8       # (change requires restart)
#max_parallel_maintenance_workers = 2   # taken from max_parallel_workers
#max_parallel_workers_per_gather = 2    # taken from max_parallel_workers
#parallel_leader_participation = on
#max_parallel_workers = 8       # maximum number of max_worker_processes that
# can be used in parallel operations
#old_snapshot_threshold = -1        # 1min-60d; -1 disables; 0 is immediate
# (change requires restart)
#backend_flush_after = 0        # measured in pages, 0 disables
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# WRITE-AHEAD LOG
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# - Settings -
#wal_level = replica            # minimal, replica, or logical
# (change requires restart)
#fsync = on             # flush data to disk for crash safety
# (turning this off can cause
# unrecoverable data corruption)
#synchronous_commit = on        # synchronization level;
# off, local, remote_write, remote_apply, or on
#wal_sync_method = fsync        # the default is the first option
# supported by the operating system:
#   open_datasync
#   fdatasync (default on Linux)
#   fsync
#   fsync_writethrough
#   open_sync
#full_page_writes = on          # recover from partial page writes
#wal_compression = off          # enable compression of full-page writes
#wal_log_hints = off            # also do full page writes of non-critical updates
# (change requires restart)
#wal_buffers = -1           # min 32kB, -1 sets based on shared_buffers
# (change requires restart)
#wal_writer_delay = 200ms       # 1-10000 milliseconds
#wal_writer_flush_after = 1MB       # measured in pages, 0 disables
#commit_delay = 0           # range 0-100000, in microseconds
#commit_siblings = 5            # range 1-1000
# - Checkpoints -
#checkpoint_timeout = 5min      # range 30s-1d
#max_wal_size = 1GB
#min_wal_size = 80MB
#checkpoint_completion_target = 0.5 # checkpoint target duration, 0.0 - 1.0
#checkpoint_flush_after = 0     # measured in pages, 0 disables
#checkpoint_warning = 30s       # 0 disables
# - Archiving -
#archive_mode = off     # enables archiving; off, on, or always
# (change requires restart)
#archive_command = ''       # command to use to archive a logfile segment
# placeholders: %p = path of file to archive
#               %f = file name only
# e.g. 'test ! -f /mnt/server/archivedir/%f && cp %p /mnt/server/archivedir/%f'
#archive_timeout = 0        # force a logfile segment switch after this
# number of seconds; 0 disables
# - Archive Recovery -
# These are only used in recovery mode.
#restore_command = ''       # command to use to restore an archived logfile segment
# placeholders: %p = path of file to restore
#               %f = file name only
# e.g. 'cp /mnt/server/archivedir/%f %p'
# (change requires restart)
#archive_cleanup_command = ''   # command to execute at every restartpoint
#recovery_end_command = ''  # command to execute at completion of recovery
# - Recovery Target -
# Set these only when performing a targeted recovery.
#recovery_target = ''       # 'immediate' to end recovery as soon as a
# consistent state is reached
# (change requires restart)
#recovery_target_name = ''  # the named restore point to which recovery will proceed
# (change requires restart)
#recovery_target_time = ''  # the time stamp up to which recovery will proceed
# (change requires restart)
#recovery_target_xid = ''   # the transaction ID up to which recovery will proceed
# (change requires restart)
#recovery_target_lsn = ''   # the WAL LSN up to which recovery will proceed
# (change requires restart)
#recovery_target_inclusive = on # Specifies whether to stop:
# just after the specified recovery target (on)
# just before the recovery target (off)
# (change requires restart)
#recovery_target_timeline = 'latest'    # 'current', 'latest', or timeline ID
# (change requires restart)
#recovery_target_action = 'pause'   # 'pause', 'promote', 'shutdown'
# (change requires restart)
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# REPLICATION
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# - Sending Servers -
# Set these on the master and on any standby that will send replication data.
#max_wal_senders = 10       # max number of walsender processes
# (change requires restart)
#wal_keep_segments = 0      # in logfile segments; 0 disables
#wal_sender_timeout = 60s   # in milliseconds; 0 disables
#max_replication_slots = 10 # max number of replication slots
# (change requires restart)
#track_commit_timestamp = off   # collect timestamp of transaction commit
# (change requires restart)
# - Master Server -
# These settings are ignored on a standby server.
#synchronous_standby_names = '' # standby servers that provide sync rep
# method to choose sync standbys, number of sync standbys,
# and comma-separated list of application_name
# from standby(s); '*' = all
#vacuum_defer_cleanup_age = 0   # number of xacts by which cleanup is delayed
# - Standby Servers -
# These settings are ignored on a master server.
#primary_conninfo = ''          # connection string to sending server
# (change requires restart)
#primary_slot_name = ''         # replication slot on sending server
# (change requires restart)
#promote_trigger_file = ''      # file name whose presence ends recovery
#hot_standby = on           # "off" disallows queries during recovery
# (change requires restart)
#max_standby_archive_delay = 30s    # max delay before canceling queries
# when reading WAL from archive;
# -1 allows indefinite delay
#max_standby_streaming_delay = 30s  # max delay before canceling queries
# when reading streaming WAL;
# -1 allows indefinite delay
#wal_receiver_status_interval = 10s # send replies at least this often
# 0 disables
#hot_standby_feedback = off     # send info from standby to prevent
# query conflicts
#wal_receiver_timeout = 60s     # time that receiver waits for
# communication from master
# in milliseconds; 0 disables
#wal_retrieve_retry_interval = 5s   # time to wait before retrying to
# retrieve WAL after a failed attempt
#recovery_min_apply_delay = 0       # minimum delay for applying changes during recovery
# - Subscribers -
# These settings are ignored on a publisher.
#max_logical_replication_workers = 4    # taken from max_worker_processes
# (change requires restart)
#max_sync_workers_per_subscription = 2  # taken from max_logical_replication_workers
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# QUERY TUNING
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# - Planner Method Configuration -
#enable_bitmapscan = on
#enable_hashagg = on
#enable_hashjoin = on
#enable_indexscan = on
#enable_indexonlyscan = on
#enable_material = on
#enable_mergejoin = on
#enable_nestloop = on
#enable_parallel_append = on
#enable_seqscan = on
#enable_sort = on
#enable_tidscan = on
#enable_partitionwise_join = off
#enable_partitionwise_aggregate = off
#enable_parallel_hash = on
#enable_partition_pruning = on
# - Planner Cost Constants -
#seq_page_cost = 1.0            # measured on an arbitrary scale
#random_page_cost = 4.0         # same scale as above
#cpu_tuple_cost = 0.01          # same scale as above
#cpu_index_tuple_cost = 0.005       # same scale as above
#cpu_operator_cost = 0.0025     # same scale as above
#parallel_tuple_cost = 0.1      # same scale as above
#parallel_setup_cost = 1000.0   # same scale as above
#jit_above_cost = 100000        # perform JIT compilation if available
# and query more expensive than this;
# -1 disables
#jit_inline_above_cost = 500000     # inline small functions if query is
# more expensive than this; -1 disables
#jit_optimize_above_cost = 500000   # use expensive JIT optimizations if
# query is more expensive than this;
# -1 disables
#min_parallel_table_scan_size = 8MB
#min_parallel_index_scan_size = 512kB
#effective_cache_size = 4GB
# - Genetic Query Optimizer -
#geqo = on
#geqo_threshold = 12
#geqo_effort = 5            # range 1-10
#geqo_pool_size = 0         # selects default based on effort
#geqo_generations = 0           # selects default based on effort
#geqo_selection_bias = 2.0      # range 1.5-2.0
#geqo_seed = 0.0            # range 0.0-1.0
# - Other Planner Options -
#default_statistics_target = 100    # range 1-10000
#constraint_exclusion = partition   # on, off, or partition
#cursor_tuple_fraction = 0.1        # range 0.0-1.0
#from_collapse_limit = 8
#join_collapse_limit = 8        # 1 disables collapsing of explicit
# JOIN clauses
#force_parallel_mode = off
#jit = on               # allow JIT compilation
#plan_cache_mode = auto         # auto, force_generic_plan or
# force_custom_plan
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# REPORTING AND LOGGING
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# - Where to Log -
#log_destination = 'stderr'     # Valid values are combinations of
# stderr, csvlog, syslog, and eventlog,
# depending on platform.  csvlog
# requires logging_collector to be on.
# This is used when logging to stderr:
#logging_collector = off        # Enable capturing of stderr and csvlog
# into log files. Required to be on for
# csvlogs.
# (change requires restart)
# These are only used if logging_collector is on:
#log_directory = 'log'          # directory where log files are written,
# can be absolute or relative to PGDATA
#log_filename = 'postgresql-%Y-%m-%d_%H%M%S.log'    # log file name pattern,
# can include strftime() escapes
#log_file_mode = 0600           # creation mode for log files,
# begin with 0 to use octal notation
#log_truncate_on_rotation = off     # If on, an existing log file with the
# same name as the new log file will be
# truncated rather than appended to.
# But such truncation only occurs on
# time-driven rotation, not on restarts
# or size-driven rotation.  Default is
# off, meaning append to existing files
# in all cases.
#log_rotation_age = 1d          # Automatic rotation of logfiles will
# happen after that time.  0 disables.
#log_rotation_size = 10MB       # Automatic rotation of logfiles will
# happen after that much log output.
# 0 disables.
# These are relevant when logging to syslog:
#syslog_facility = 'LOCAL0'
#syslog_ident = 'postgres'
#syslog_sequence_numbers = on
#syslog_split_messages = on
# This is only relevant when logging to eventlog (win32):
# (change requires restart)
#event_source = 'PostgreSQL'
# - When to Log -
#log_min_messages = warning     # values in order of decreasing detail:
#   debug5
#   debug4
#   debug3
#   debug2
#   debug1
#   info
#   notice
#   warning
#   error
#   log
#   fatal
#   panic
#log_min_error_statement = error    # values in order of decreasing detail:
#   debug5
#   debug4
#   debug3
#   debug2
#   debug1
#   info
#   notice
#   warning
#   error
#   log
#   fatal
#   panic (effectively off)
#log_min_duration_statement = -1    # logs statements and their durations
# according to log_statement_sample_rate. -1 is disabled,
# 0 logs all statement, > 0 logs only statements running at
# least this number of milliseconds.
#log_statement_sample_rate = 1  # Fraction of logged statements over
# log_min_duration_statement. 1.0 logs all statements,
# 0 never logs.
# - What to Log -
#debug_print_parse = off
#debug_print_rewritten = off
#debug_print_plan = off
#debug_pretty_print = on
#log_checkpoints = off
#log_connections = off
#log_disconnections = off
#log_duration = off
#log_error_verbosity = default      # terse, default, or verbose messages
#log_hostname = off
#log_line_prefix = '%m [%p] '       # special values:
#   %a = application name
#   %u = user name
#   %d = database name
#   %r = remote host and port
#   %h = remote host
#   %p = process ID
#   %t = timestamp without milliseconds
#   %m = timestamp with milliseconds
#   %n = timestamp with milliseconds (as a Unix epoch)
#   %i = command tag
#   %e = SQL state
#   %c = session ID
#   %l = session line number
#   %s = session start timestamp
#   %v = virtual transaction ID
#   %x = transaction ID (0 if none)
#   %q = stop here in non-session
#        processes
#   %% = '%'
# e.g. '<%u%%%d> '
#log_lock_waits = off           # log lock waits >= deadlock_timeout
#log_statement = 'none'         # none, ddl, mod, all
#log_replication_commands = off
#log_temp_files = -1            # log temporary files equal or larger
# than the specified size in kilobytes;
# -1 disables, 0 logs all temp files
#log_timezone = 'GMT'
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# PROCESS TITLE
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#cluster_name = ''          # added to process titles if nonempty
# (change requires restart)
#update_process_title = on
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# STATISTICS
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# - Query and Index Statistics Collector -
#track_activities = on
#track_counts = on
#track_io_timing = off
#track_functions = none         # none, pl, all
#track_activity_query_size = 1024   # (change requires restart)
#stats_temp_directory = 'pg_stat_tmp'
# - Monitoring -
#log_parser_stats = off
#log_planner_stats = off
#log_executor_stats = off
#log_statement_stats = off
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# AUTOVACUUM
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#autovacuum = on            # Enable autovacuum subprocess?  'on'
# requires track_counts to also be on.
#log_autovacuum_min_duration = -1   # -1 disables, 0 logs all actions and
# their durations, > 0 logs only
# actions running at least this number
# of milliseconds.
#autovacuum_max_workers = 3     # max number of autovacuum subprocesses
# (change requires restart)
#autovacuum_naptime = 1min      # time between autovacuum runs
#autovacuum_vacuum_threshold = 50   # min number of row updates before
# vacuum
#autovacuum_analyze_threshold = 50  # min number of row updates before
# analyze
#autovacuum_vacuum_scale_factor = 0.2   # fraction of table size before vacuum
#autovacuum_analyze_scale_factor = 0.1  # fraction of table size before analyze
#autovacuum_freeze_max_age = 200000000  # maximum XID age before forced vacuum
# (change requires restart)
#autovacuum_multixact_freeze_max_age = 400000000    # maximum multixact age
# before forced vacuum
# (change requires restart)
#autovacuum_vacuum_cost_delay = 2ms # default vacuum cost delay for
# autovacuum, in milliseconds;
# -1 means use vacuum_cost_delay
#autovacuum_vacuum_cost_limit = -1  # default vacuum cost limit for
# autovacuum, -1 means use
# vacuum_cost_limit
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# CLIENT CONNECTION DEFAULTS
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# - Statement Behavior -
#client_min_messages = notice       # values in order of decreasing detail:
#   debug5
#   debug4
#   debug3
#   debug2
#   debug1
#   log
#   notice
#   warning
#   error
#search_path = '"$user", public'    # schema names
#row_security = on
#default_tablespace = ''        # a tablespace name, '' uses the default
#temp_tablespaces = ''          # a list of tablespace names, '' uses
# only default tablespace
#check_function_bodies = on
#default_transaction_isolation = 'read committed'
#default_transaction_read_only = off
#default_transaction_deferrable = off
#session_replication_role = 'origin'
#statement_timeout = 0          # in milliseconds, 0 is disabled
#lock_timeout = 0           # in milliseconds, 0 is disabled
#idle_in_transaction_session_timeout = 0    # in milliseconds, 0 is disabled
#vacuum_freeze_min_age = 50000000
#vacuum_freeze_table_age = 150000000
#vacuum_multixact_freeze_min_age = 5000000
#vacuum_multixact_freeze_table_age = 150000000
#vacuum_cleanup_index_scale_factor = 0.1    # fraction of total number of tuples
# before index cleanup, 0 always performs
# index cleanup
#bytea_output = 'hex'           # hex, escape
#xmlbinary = 'base64'
#xmloption = 'content'
#gin_fuzzy_search_limit = 0
#gin_pending_list_limit = 4MB
# - Locale and Formatting -
#datestyle = 'iso, mdy'
#intervalstyle = 'postgres'
#timezone = 'GMT'
#timezone_abbreviations = 'Default'     # Select the set of available time zone
# abbreviations.  Currently, there are
#   Default
#   Australia (historical usage)
#   India
# You can create your own file in
# share/timezonesets/.
#extra_float_digits = 1         # min -15, max 3; any value >0 actually
# selects precise output mode
#client_encoding = sql_ascii        # actually, defaults to database
# encoding
# These settings are initialized by initdb, but they can be changed.
#lc_messages = 'C'          # locale for system error message
# strings
#lc_monetary = 'C'          # locale for monetary formatting
#lc_numeric = 'C'           # locale for number formatting
#lc_time = 'C'              # locale for time formatting
# default configuration for text search
#default_text_search_config = 'pg_catalog.simple'
# - Shared Library Preloading -
#shared_preload_libraries = ''  # (change requires restart)
#local_preload_libraries = ''
#session_preload_libraries = ''
#jit_provider = 'llvmjit'       # JIT library to use
# - Other Defaults -
#dynamic_library_path = '$libdir'
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# LOCK MANAGEMENT
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#deadlock_timeout = 1s
#max_locks_per_transaction = 64     # min 10
# (change requires restart)
#max_pred_locks_per_transaction = 64    # min 10
# (change requires restart)
#max_pred_locks_per_relation = -2   # negative values mean
# (max_pred_locks_per_transaction
#  / -max_pred_locks_per_relation) - 1
#max_pred_locks_per_page = 2            # min 0
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# VERSION AND PLATFORM COMPATIBILITY
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# - Previous PostgreSQL Versions -
#array_nulls = on
#backslash_quote = safe_encoding    # on, off, or safe_encoding
#escape_string_warning = on
#lo_compat_privileges = off
#operator_precedence_warning = off
#quote_all_identifiers = off
#standard_conforming_strings = on
#synchronize_seqscans = on
# - Other Platforms and Clients -
#transform_null_equals = off
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# ERROR HANDLING
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#exit_on_error = off            # terminate session on any error?
#restart_after_crash = on       # reinitialize after backend crash?
#data_sync_retry = off          # retry or panic on failure to fsync
# data?
# (change requires restart)
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# CONFIG FILE INCLUDES
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# These options allow settings to be loaded from files other than the
# default postgresql.conf.
#include_dir = 'conf.d'         # include files ending in '.conf' from
# directory 'conf.d'
#include_if_exists = 'exists.conf'  # include file only if it exists
#include = 'special.conf'       # include file
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# CUSTOMIZED OPTIONS
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Add settings for extensions here

Taasi waa dhan, waxaad ku bilaabi kartaa weelasha amarka docker-compose up -d. Ama ku jira console gaar ah oo leh amarka docker-compose up.

Markaa, baakadaha waa la rakibay, kaydka xogta ayaa la bilaabay, waxa hadhay oo dhan waa in la saaxiibo. Si tan loo sameeyo, waxaad u baahan tahay inaad ku darto faylka soo socda xididka mashruuca: ormconfig.js:

ormconfig.js

const process = require('process');
const username = process.env.POSTGRES_USER || "postgres";
const password = process.env.POSTGRES_PASSWORD || "example";
module.exports = {
"type": "postgres",
"host": "localhost",
"port": 5432,
username,
password,
"database": "postgres",
"synchronize": true,
"dropSchema": false,
"logging": true,
"entities": [__dirname + "/src/**/*.entity.ts", __dirname + "/dist/**/*.entity.js"],
"migrations": ["migrations/**/*.ts"],
"subscribers": ["subscriber/**/*.ts", "dist/subscriber/**/.js"],
"cli": {
"entitiesDir": "src",
"migrationsDir": "migrations",
"subscribersDir": "subscriber"
}
}

Qaabayntan waxa loo isticmaali doona cli typeorm

Aynu si faahfaahsan u eegno qaabayntan. Sadarka 3 iyo 4 waxaan ka helnaa magaca isticmaale iyo erayga sirta ah doorsoomayaasha deegaanka. Tani waxay ku habboon tahay markaad leedahay dhowr deegaan (dev, stage, prod, iwm). Sida caadiga ah, username waa postgres iyo erayga sirta ah waa tusaale. Inta soo hartay ee qaabeynta waa wax yar, markaa waxaan diiradda saari doonaa oo kaliya xuduudaha ugu xiisaha badan:

• synchronize - Waxay tuseysaa in schema database ay tahay in si toos ah loo abuuro marka codsigu bilaabmo. Ka taxaddar doorashadan oo ha u isticmaalin wax soo saarka, haddii kale waxaad lumin doontaa xogta. Doorashadani waa ku habboon tahay marka la samaynayo oo la tirtirayo codsiga. Beddelka doorashadan, waxaad isticmaali kartaa amarka schema:sync ka CLI TypeORM.
• dropSchema - dib u deji schema mar kasta oo xidhiidh la sameeyo. Si la mid ah kii hore, doorashadan waa in la isticmaalo oo kaliya inta lagu jiro horumarinta iyo ciribtirka codsiga.
• hay'adaha - waa kuwee waddooyinka si ay u raadiyaan sharaxaadda moodooyinka. Fadlan ogow in raadinta maaskaro la taageeray.
• cli.entitiesDir waa hagaha halka moodooyinka laga sameeyay TypeORM CLI ay tahay in lagu kaydiyo si caadi ah.

Si aan ugu awoodno inaan u isticmaalno dhammaan astaamaha TypeORM ee ku jira codsigayaga Nest, waxaan u baahanahay inaan soo dejino cutubka TypeOrmModule в AppModule. Kuwaas. kaaga AppModule waxay u ekaan doontaa sidan:

app.module.ts

import { Module } from '@nestjs/common';
import { AppController } from './app.controller';
import { AppService } from './app.service';
import { TypeOrmModule } from '@nestjs/typeorm';
import * as process from "process";
const username = process.env.POSTGRES_USER || 'postgres';
const password = process.env.POSTGRES_PASSWORD || 'example';
@Module({
imports: [
TypeOrmModule.forRoot({
type: 'postgres',
host: 'localhost',
port: 5432,
username,
password,
database: 'postgres',
entities: [__dirname + '/**/*.entity{.ts,.js}'],
synchronize: true,
}),
],
controllers: [AppController],
providers: [AppService],
})
export class AppModule {}

Sida laga yaabo inaad dareentay, habka forRoot isla qaabaynta la shaqaynta xogta xogta ayaa loo wareejiyaa sida faylka ormconfig.ts

Taabashada kama dambaysta ah ayaa hadhaysa - ku dar dhawr hawlood si aad ula shaqeyso TypeORM ee ku jira pack.json. Xaqiiqdu waxay tahay in CLI ay ku qoran tahay javascript oo ay ku shaqeyso deegaanka nodejs. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dhammaan moodelladayada iyo guuritaankayada waxa lagu qori doonaa qoraal ahaan. Sidaa darteed, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la beddelo socdaalkayada iyo moodooyinkayaga ka hor inta aan la isticmaalin CLI. Tan waxaan u baahanahay xirmada ts-node:

yarn add -D ts-node

Intaa ka dib, ku dar amarrada lagama maarmaanka ah pack.json:

"typeorm": "ts-node -r tsconfig-paths/register ./node_modules/typeorm/cli.js",
"migration:generate": "yarn run typeorm migration:generate -n",
"migration:create": "yarn run typeorm migration:create -n",
"migration:run": "yarn run typeorm migration:run"

Amarka ugu horeeya, typeorm, wuxuu ku darayaa duubka ts-node si uu u maamulo TypeORM cli. Awaamiirta soo hadhay waa habab gaagaaban oo habboon oo adiga, horumariye ahaan, aad isticmaali doonto ku dhawaad ​​maalin kasta:
migration:generate - abuurista guuritaan ku salaysan isbeddelada moodooyinkaaga.
migration:create - abuurista hayaanka maran.
migration:run - bilaabista socdaalka.
Hagaag, taasi waa hadda, waxaan ku darnay xirmooyinka lagama maarmaanka ah, waxaan u habeynay arjiga si uu ula shaqeeyo xogta labadaba cli iyo arjiga laftiisa, waxaana sidoo kale bilaabay DBMS. Waa waqtigii lagu dari lahaa macquulka codsigayaga.

Ku rakibida baakadaha abuurista CRUD

Adigoo isticmaalaya Nest kaliya, waxaad abuuri kartaa API kaas oo kuu ogolaanaya inaad abuurto, akhrido, cusboonaysiiso, oo aad tirtirto cidda. Xalkani wuxuu noqon doonaa mid dabacsan intii suurtagal ah, laakiin xaaladaha qaarkood waxay noqon doontaa mid aan loo baahnayn. Tusaale ahaan, haddii aad u baahan tahay inaad si dhakhso ah u abuurto tusaale, waxaad inta badan u huri kartaa dabacsanaanta xawaaraha horumarka. Qaab-dhismeedyo badan ayaa bixiya shaqeynta abuuritaanka CRUD iyagoo sifeynaya qaabka xogta ee hay'ad gaar ah. Oo Nest ma aha mid ka reeban! Shaqadan waxaa bixiya xirmada @nestjsx/crud. Awoodeeda ayaa aad u xiiso badan:

• rakibidda fudud iyo qaabeynta;
• Madaxbanaanida DBMS;
• Luuqad su'aal oo xoog badan leh oo awood u leh shaandhaynta, kala saarista, kala-soocidda, xidhidhka xidhidhiyaha iyo qaybaha buulka leh, kaydinta, iwm.;
• xirmo loogu talagalay abuurista codsiyada xagga hore;
• si sahlan looga takhaluso hababka xakamaynta;
• qaabeynta yar;
• taageero dukumentiyada swagger.

Shaqaynta waxa loo qaybiyaa dhawr xidhmo:

• @nestjsx/crud - xirmada aasaasiga ah ee qurxintu ay bixiso Crud() Jid-abuurka, qaabaynta iyo ansixinta;
• @nestjsx/codsi-crud - xirmo bixisa weydiinta wax-dhisaha/qalabeeyaha si loogu isticmaalo dhinaca hore;
• @nestjsx/crud-typeorm - xirmo loogu talagalay la-qabsashada TypeORM, oo siinaya adeegga aasaasiga ah ee adeegga TypeOrmCrudService hababka CRUD ee la shaqeynta hay'adaha ku jira xogta.

Casharradan waxaan u baahan doonaa baakado buulkajsx/crud iyo buulkajsx/typeorm-crud. Marka hore, aan dhigno

yarn add @nestjsx/crud class-transformer class-validator

Baakado fasalka-transformer и fasalka-xaqiijiye Codsigan waxa looga baahan yahay sifaynta caddaynta xeerarka beddelka tusaalaha iyo ansixinta codsiyada soo socda, siday u kala horreeyaan. Xirmooyinkani waxay ka yimaaddeen isla qoraaga, markaa is-dhexgalyadu waa isku mid.

Hirgelinta tooska ah ee CRUD

Waxaan u qaadan doonaa liiska isticmaalayaasha tusaale tusaale. Isticmaalayaashu waxay yeelan doonaan meelaha soo socda: id, username, displayName, email. id - beerta is-kordhinta, email и username - beero gaar ah. Way fududahay! Waxa hadhay oo dhan waa in la hirgaliyo fikradayada qaabka codsiga Nest.
Marka hore waxaad u baahan tahay inaad abuurto module users, yaa masuul ka noqon doona la shaqaynta isticmaalayaasha. Aan isticmaalno cli ka NestJS oo aan ku fulino amarka xididka tusaha mashruucayaga nest g module users.

isticmaalayaasha buulka g moduleka

dmitrii@dmitrii-HP-ZBook-17-G3:~/projects/nest-rest git:(master*)$ nest g module users
CREATE /src/users/users.module.ts (82 bytes)
UPDATE /src/app.module.ts (312 bytes)

Qaybtan waxaan ku dari doonaa gal hay'ado, halkaas oo aan ku yeelan doono moodooyinka cutubkan. Gaar ahaan, aan ku darno halkan faylka user.entity.ts oo leh sharraxa qaabka isticmaalaha:

user.entity.ts

import { Column, Entity, PrimaryGeneratedColumn } from 'typeorm';
@Entity()
export class User {
@PrimaryGeneratedColumn()
id: string;
@Column({unique: true})
email: string;
@Column({unique: true})
username: string;
@Column({nullable: true})
displayName: string;
}

Si qaabkan loo arko "loo arko" codsigayaga, waa lagama maarmaan in moduleka UsersModule soo dejinta TypeOrmModule nuxurka soo socda:

isticmaalayaasha.module.ts

import { Module } from '@nestjs/common';
import { UsersController } from './controllers/users/users.controller';
import { UsersService } from './services/users/users.service';
import { TypeOrmModule } from '@nestjs/typeorm';
import { User } from './entities/user.entity';
@Module({
controllers: [UsersController],
providers: [UsersService],
imports: [
TypeOrmModule.forFeature([User])
]
})
export class UsersModule {}

Taasi waa, halkan waxaan soo dejineynaa TypeOrmModule, halkaas oo sida habbeegtida forFeature Waxaan tusin liiska moodooyinka la xidhiidha cutubkan.

Waxa hadhay oo dhan waa in la abuuro cidda u dhiganta kaydka xogta. Habka socdaalka ayaa u adeega ujeedooyinkan. Si aad u abuurto guuritaan ku salaysan isbeddelada moodooyinka, waxaad u baahan tahay inaad socodsiiso amarka npm run migration:generate -- CreateUserTable:

magaca qaswadayaasha

$ npm run migration:generate -- CreateUserTable
Migration /home/dmitrii/projects/nest-rest/migrations/1563346135367-CreateUserTable.ts has been generated successfully.
Done in 1.96s.

Ma ahayn inaan tahriibka gacanta ku qorno, wax walba waxay ku dhaceen sixir. Miyaanay tani mucjiso ahayn! Si kastaba ha ahaatee, taasi maahan. Aan eegno faylka socdaalka la abuuray:

1563346135367-CreateUserTable.ts

import {MigrationInterface, QueryRunner} from "typeorm";
export class CreateUserTable1563346816726 implements MigrationInterface {
public async up(queryRunner: QueryRunner): Promise<any> {
await queryRunner.query(`CREATE TABLE "user" ("id" SERIAL NOT NULL, "email" character varying NOT NULL, "username" character varying NOT NULL, "displayName" character varying, CONSTRAINT "UQ_e12875dfb3b1d92d7d7c5377e22" UNIQUE ("email"), CONSTRAINT "UQ_78a916df40e02a9deb1c4b75edb" UNIQUE ("username"), CONSTRAINT "PK_cace4a159ff9f2512dd42373760" PRIMARY KEY ("id"))`);
}
public async down(queryRunner: QueryRunner): Promise<any> {
await queryRunner.query(`DROP TABLE "user"`);
}
}

Sida aad arki karto, ma aha oo kaliya habka loo bilaabo socdaalka si toos ah ayaa loo sameeyay, laakiin sidoo kale habka dib loogu rogo. Fantastic!
Waxa hadhay oo dhan waa in la soo rogo socdaalkan. Tan waxaa lagu sameeyaa amarka soo socda:

npm run migration:run.

Taasi waa ta, hadda isbeddellada schema waxay u guureen kaydka xogta.
Marka xigta, waxaan abuuri doonaa adeeg mas'uul ka noqon doona la shaqeynta isticmaalayaasha oo laga dhaxlo TypeOrmCrudService. Kaydka cidda ay danaynayso waa in loo gudbiyaa cabbirka dhisaha waalidka, xaaladdeenna User kayd.

isticmaalayaasha.adeegga.ts

import { Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
import { TypeOrmCrudService } from '@nestjsx/crud-typeorm';
import { User } from '../../entities/user.entity';
import { InjectRepository } from '@nestjs/typeorm';
import { Repository } from 'typeorm';
@Injectable()
export class UsersService extends TypeOrmCrudService<User>{
constructor(@InjectRepository(User) usersRepository: Repository<User>){
super(usersRepository);
}
}

Waxaan u baahan doonaa adeegan kontoroolka users. Si aad u abuurto kontaroole, ku qor console-ka nest g controller users/controllers/users

Isticmaalayaasha/koontaroolayaasha/isticmaalka buulka g kantaroolayaasha

dmitrii@dmitrii-HP-ZBook-17-G3:~/projects/nest-rest git:(master*)$ nest g controller users/controllers/users
CREATE /src/users/controllers/users/users.controller.spec.ts (486 bytes)
CREATE /src/users/controllers/users/users.controller.ts (99 bytes)
UPDATE /src/users/users.module.ts (188 bytes)

Aan furno kantaroolaha oo aan tafatirno si aan ugu darno sixir yar buulkajsx/cuud. Fasal kasta UsersController Aan ku darno qurxinta sida tan:

@Crud({
model: {
type: User
}
})

Crud waa qurxin ku daraya kantaroolaha hababka lagama maarmaanka u ah la shaqeynta qaabka. Nooca moodeelka ayaa lagu tilmaamay goobta model.type qaabaynta qurxinta.
Talaabada labaad waa in la fuliyo interface ah CrudController<User>. Koodhka xakamaynta "Assembled" wuxuu u eg yahay sidan:

import { Controller } from '@nestjs/common';
import { Crud, CrudController } from '@nestjsx/crud';
import { User } from '../../entities/user.entity';
import { UsersService } from '../../services/users/users.service';
@Crud({
model: {
type: User
}
})
@Controller('users')
export class UsersController implements CrudController<User>{
constructor(public service: UsersService){}
}

Waana dhan! Hadda koontarooluhu wuxuu ku taageerayaa dhammaan hawlgallada qaabka! Ha i rumaysan? Aynu isku dayno codsigayaga ficil ahaan!

Abuuritaanka qoraalka weydiimaha ee TestMace

Si aan u tijaabino adeegeena waxaan isticmaali doonaa IDE si aan ula shaqayno API-ga TestMace. Waa maxay sababta TestMace? Marka la barbardhigo alaabada la midka ah, waxay leedahay faa'iidooyinka soo socda:

• shaqo awood leh doorsoomayaal. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, waxaa jira dhowr nooc oo doorsoomayaal ah, kuwaas oo mid kastaa uu leeyahay door gaar ah: doorsoomayaal la dhisay, doorsoomayaal firfircoon, doorsoomayaasha deegaanka. Doorsoome kastaa wuxuu iska leeyahay noodhka taageerada habka dhaxalka;
• Si fudud u samee qoraallo bilaa barnaamij ah. Tan ayaa hoos looga hadli doonaa;
• qaabka aadanaha-akhrisan karo oo kuu ogolaanaya inaad ku badbaadiso mashruuca hababka xakamaynta version;
• dhammaystirka, muujinta syntax, muujinta qiimaha doorsooma;
• Taageerada sharaxaadda API ee awoodda laga soo dejiyo Swagger.

Aan ku bilowno server-kayaga amarka npm start iskuna day inaad gasho liiska isticmaalayaasha. Liiska isticmaalayaasha, adoo ku xukumaya qaabeynta kontaroolahayaga, waxaa laga heli karaa url localhost:3000/users. Aan codsi u dirno url kan.
Kadib socodsiinta TestMace waxaad arki kartaa interface sidan oo kale ah:

Xagga sare ee bidix waxa ku yaal geed mashruuc leh oo xidid xidid ah Project. Aan isku dayno inaan abuurno codsiga ugu horeeya si aan u helno liiska isticmaalayaasha. Tan waxaan u abuuri doonaa Codsiga Tallaabada noodh Tan waxa lagu sameeyaa liiska macnaha guud ee noodhka Mashruuca Ku dar noode -> Talaabada Codsiga.

Gudaha URL, ku dheji localhost:3000/users oo socodsii codsiga. Waxaan heli doonaa koodka 200 oo leh hannaan madhan oo ku dhex jira jidhka jawaabta. Waa wax la fahmi karo, weli cidna kuma aannu darin.
Aynu abuurno qoraal ay ku jiraan tallaabooyinka soo socda:

1. abuurista isticmaale;
2. codsiga aqoonsiga isticmaalaha cusub ee la abuuray;
3. Tirtirka aqoonsiga isticmaalaha ee lagu sameeyay tallaabada 1.

Markaa, aan tagno. Si ay ugu habboonaato, aan u abuurno noode sida folder. Asal ahaan, kani waa uun gal aan ku kaydin doono qoraalka oo dhan. Si aad u abuurto node Folder, ka dooro Project menu-ka macnaha guud ee noodhka Ku dar noode -> Folder. Aan u yeerno noodhka jeeg-abuur. Gudaheed meel jeeg-abuur Aan abuurno codsigeena koowaad si aan u abuurno isticmaale. Aan u yeerno noodhka cusub ee la abuuray isticmaale-abuure. Taasi waa, wakhtigan kala sarreynta node waxay u ekaan doontaa sidan:

Aan tagno tab furan isticmaale-abuure noodh. Aynu galno cabbirada soo socda ee codsiga:

• Nooca codsiga - POST
• URL - localhost:3000/users
• Jidhka - JSON oo qiimo leh {"email": "[email protected]", "displayName": "New user", "username": "user"}

Aan fulino codsigan. Codsigayagu wuxuu sheegayaa in diiwaanka la sameeyay.

Hagaag, aynu eegno xaqiiqadan. Si loogu shaqeeyo aqoonsiga isticmaalaha la sameeyay ee talaabooyinka xiga, waa in la kaydiyaa xadkan. Farsamaynta ayaa tan ku habboon. doorsoomayaal firfircoon. Aan isticmaalno tusaalaheena si aan u eegno sida loola shaqeeyo iyaga. Shayga la kala soocay ee jawaabta, oo ku xiga noodhka id ee menu-ka macnaha guud, door shayga U qoondee doorsoomayaasha. Sanduuqa wada hadalka dhexdiisa waa inaad dejisaa cabirrada soo socda:

• noode - Waa kuwee awoowayaasha si ay u abuuraan doorsoome firfircoon. Aan doorano jeeg-abuur
• Magaca la beddeli karo - magaca doorsoomahan. Aan wacno userId.

Waa kan sida habka abuurista doorsoome firfircoon u eg yahay:

Hadda, mar kasta oo su'aashan la fuliyo, qiimaha doorsoomaha firfircoon waa la cusboonaysiin doonaa. Iyo sababta doorsoomayaasha firfircooni waxay taageeraan habka dhaxalka kala sareynta, doorsoomayaasha userId waxaa laga heli doonaa faraca jeeg-abuur noodhka heer kasta oo buul ah.
Doorsoomiyahani waxa uu anaga anfacayaa codsiga soo socda. Magac ahaan, waxaan codsan doonaa isticmaalaha cusub ee la abuuray. Sida ilmo node ah jeeg-abuur waxaan abuuri doonaa codsi hubi haddii ay jiraan oo leh halbeeg url siman localhost:3000/users/${$dynamicVar.userId}. Eeg naqshadeynta ${variable_name} tani waxay helaysaa qiimaha doorsoomayaasha. Sababtoo ah Waxaan leenahay doorsoome firfircoon, si aad u hesho waxaad u baahan tahay inaad gasho shayga $dynamicVar, tusaale ahaan si buuxda u gelitaanka doorsoome firfircoon userId waxay u ekaan doontaa sidan ${$dynamicVar.userId}. Aan fulino codsiga oo aan hubinno in xogta si sax ah loo codsado.
Talaabada u dambaysa ee hadhay waa in aad codsato tirtirid. Waxaan u baahanahay ma aha oo kaliya in la hubiyo hawlgalka tirtirka, laakiin sidoo kale, si aad u hadasho, si aad u nadiifiso nafteena database, sababtoo ah. Goobaha iimaylka iyo magaca isticmaaluhu waa kuwo gaar ah. Marka, jeeg-abuur node waxaan ku abuuri doonaa codsiga tirtirka-user oo leh xuduudaha soo socda

• Nooca codsiga - DELETE
• URL - localhost:3000/users/${$dynamicVar.userId}

Aan bilowno. Waanu sugaynaa. Waanu ku faraxsanahay natiijada)

Hagaag, hadda waxaan socodsiin karnaa qoraalkan oo dhan wakhti kasta. Si aad u socodsiiso qoraalka waxaad u baahan tahay inaad ka doorato macnaha guud jeeg-abuur shayga noodhka Run.

Noodlada qoraalka ku jira ayaa midba midka kale loo fulin doonaa
Waxaad ku kaydin kartaa qoraalkan mashruucaaga adiga oo ordaya Faylka -> Kaydi mashruuca.

gunaanad

Dhammaan sifooyinka qalabka loo isticmaalo si fudud kuma qabsan karaan qaabka maqaalkan. Sida dambiilaha ugu weyn - xirmada buulkajsx/crud - mawduucyada soo socda ayaa weli daaha laga qaaday:

• ansaxinta caadada iyo isbeddelka moodooyinka;
• Luuqad su'aal oo xoog badan iyo isticmaal ku habboon xagga hore;
• dib u qeexida iyo ku darista habab cusub kontaroolayaasha cayriin;
• taageerada swagger;
• maaraynta kaydinta.

Si kastaba ha noqotee, xitaa waxa lagu qeexay maqaalku waa ku filan yahay in la fahmo in xitaa qaabka ganacsiga sida NestJS uu leeyahay qalab loogu talagalay prototying codsi degdeg ah. Iyo sida IDE qabow sida TestMace wuxuu kuu ogolaanayaa inaad ilaaliso xawaaraha la siiyay.

Koodhka isha ee maqaalkan, oo ay weheliso mashruuca TestMace, laga heli karo kaydka https://github.com/TestMace/nest-rest. Si loo furo mashruuc TestMace kaliya ku samee app-ka Faylka -> Mashruuc fur.

Source: www.habr.com