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Daabacaaddii 60-aad ee qiimaynta kombuyuutarrada ugu waxqabadka sarreeya ayaa la daabacay

Waxaa la daabacay daabacadii 60-aad ee qiimeynta 500-ka kumbuyuutar ee ugu wax qabadka wanaagsan adduunka. Daabacaadda cusub, waxaa jira hal isbeddel oo keliya ee tobanka ugu sarreeya - kooxda Leonardo, oo ku taal xarunta cilmi-baarista cilmi-baarista Talyaaniga ee CINECA, ayaa gashay kaalinta 4-aad. Kutlada waxaa ku jira ku dhawaad ​​1.5 milyan kombuyuutarrada processor-ka (CPU Xeon Platinum 8358 32C 2.6GHz) waxayna siisaa waxqabadka 255.75 petaflops oo leh awood dhan 5610 kilowatts.

Saddexda ugu sarreeya, oo la mid ah 6 bilood ka hor, waxa ku jira kooxahan soo socda:

  • Frontier - Waxa lagu dejiyay Waaxda Tamarta ee Maraykanka ee Oak Ridge Shaybaadhka Qaranka. Kooxdu waxay leedahay ku dhawaad ​​​​9 milyan oo kombuyuutar processor ah (AMD EPYC 64C 2GHz CPU, AMD Instinct MI250X accelerator) waxayna bixisaa waxqabadka 1.102 exaflops, kaas oo ku dhawaad ​​seddex jeer ka badan kooxda booska labaad (halka isticmaalka awooda Frontier uu ka hooseeya 30%).
  • Fugaku - wuxuu ku nool yahay RIKEN Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (Japan). Kooxda waxaa la dhisay iyadoo la adeegsanayo soo-saareyaal ARM (158976 qanjidhada ku salaysan Fujitsu A64FX SoC, oo ku qalabaysan 48-core Armv8.2-A SVE 2.2GHz CPU). Fugaku wuxuu bixiyaa 442 petaflops oo waxqabad ah.
  • LUMI waxaa lagu martiqaaday Xarunta Supercomputing ee Yurub (EuroHPC) ee Finland waxayna bixisaa 151 petaflops oo waxqabad ah. Kooxdu waxay ku dhisan tahay isla HPE Cray EX235a madal uu yahay hogaamiyaha qiimaynta, laakiin waxa ku jira 1.1 milyan processor cores (AMD EPYC 64C 2GHz, AMD Instinct MI250X accelerator, Slingshot-11 network).

Marka la eego kombuyuutarrada waaweyn ee gudaha, kooxaha Chervonenkis, Galushkin iyo Lyapunov ee ay abuurtay Yandex ayaa hoos uga dhacay 22, 40 iyo 43 boos ilaa 25, ​​44 iyo 47. Kooxahan waxaa loogu talagalay inay xalliyaan mashaakilaadka barashada mashiinka oo ay bixiyaan waxqabadka 21.5, 16 iyo 12.8 petaflops, siday u kala horreeyaan. Kooxuhu waxay maamulaan Ubuntu 16.04 waxayna ku qalabaysan yihiin soo-saareyaal AMD EPYC 7xxx iyo NVIDIA A100 GPUs: Kooxda Chervonenkis waxay leedahay 199 noode (193 kun AMD EPYC 7702 64C 2GH cores iyo 1592 NVIDIA A100 80G GPUs (136) cores 134 7702C 64GH iyo 2 GPU NVIDIA A1088 100G), Lyapunov - 80 noodes (137 kun oo koor AMD EPYC 130 7662C 64GHz iyo 2 GPU NVIDIA A1096 100G).

Kooxda Christofari Neo ee uu geeyay Sberbank ayaa hoos uga dhacay kaalinta 46aad ilaa 50aad. Christofari Neo wuxuu wadaa NVIDIA DGX OS 5 (daabacaadda Ubuntu) wuxuuna muujiyaa waxqabadka 11.9 petaflops. Kooxdu waxay leedahay in ka badan 98 kun oo kombuyuutar oo ku salaysan AMD EPYC 7742 64C 2.25GHz CPU waxayna la socotaa NVIDIA A100 80GB GPU. Kooxda labaad ee Sberbank (Christofari) waxay ka soo guurtay 80th ilaa 87th kaalinta qiimeynta muddo lix bilood ah.

Laba kooxood oo kale oo gudaha ah ayaa sidoo kale ku jira darajada: Lomonosov 2 - waxay ka soo guurtay 262 ilaa 290 (2015, kooxda Lomonosov 2 waxay qaadatay 31 boos, kii ka horreeyay Lomonosov ee 2011 - 13) iyo MTS GROM - waxay ka guurtay 318 ilaa 352 meel . Haddaba, tirada kooxaha gudaha ee qiimayntu ismay beddelin oo, lix bilood ka hor, waa 7 nidaam (marka la barbardhigo, 2020 waxaa jiray 2 nidaam oo gudaha ah, 2017 - 5, iyo 2012 - 12).

Isbeddellada ugu xiisaha badan:

  • Qaybinta tirada kombuyuutarrada sare ee wadamo kala duwan:
    • Shiinaha: 162 (173 - lix bilood ka hor). Wadar ahaan, kooxaha Shiinuhu waxay soo saaraan 10% dhammaan wax soo saarka (lix bilood ka hor - 12%);
    • USA: 127 (127). Wadarta wax soo saarka ayaa lagu qiyaasay 43.6% dhammaan wax soo saarka qiimaynta (lix bilood ka hor - 47.3%);
    • Jarmalka: 34 (31). Wadarta wax soo saarka - 4.5%;
    • Japan: 31 (34). Wadarta wax soo saarka - 12.8%;
    • Faransiiska: 24 (22). Wadarta wax soo saarka - 3.6%;
    • UK: 15 (12);
    • Kanada 10 (14);
    • Netherlands: 8 (6);
    • Kuuriyada Koonfureed 8 (6)
    • Brazil 8 (6);
    • Ruushka 7 (7);
    • Talyaaniga: 7 (6);
    • Sacuudi Carabiya 6 (6);
    • Sweden 6 (5);
    • Australia 5 (5);
    • Ireland 5;
    • Poland 5 (5);
    • Switzerland 4 (4);
    • Finland: 3 (4).
    • Singapore: 3;
    • Hindiya: 3;
    • Poland: 3;
    • Norway: 3.
  • Marka la eego qiimeynta nidaamyada hawlgalka ee loo isticmaalo kombuyuutarrada waaweyn, Linux kaliya ayaa hadhay lix sano;
  • Qaybinta Linux (ku jira gunta - 6 bilood ka hor):
    • 47.8% (47.8%) ma faahfaahin qaybinta;
    • 17.2% (18.2%) waxay isticmaalaan CentOS;
    • 9.6% (8.8%) - RHEL;
    • 9% (8%) - Cray Linux;
    • 5.4% (5.2%) - Ubuntu;
    • 3.8% (3.8%) - SUSE;
    • 0.8% (0.8%) - Alma Linux;
    • 0.8% (0.8%) - Rocky Linux;
    • 0.2% (0.2%) - Linux Sayniska ah.
  • Heerka ugu yar ee waxqabadka ee gelitaanka Top500 ee 6 bilood wuxuu ahaa 1.73 petaflops (lix bilood ka hor - 1.65 petaflops). Afar sano ka hor, kaliya 272 kooxood ayaa muujiyay waxqabad ka badan petaflop, shan sano ka hor - 138, lix sano ka hor - 94). Top100, heerka gelitaanka wuxuu ka kordhay 5.39 ilaa 9.22 petaflops;
  • Wadarta guud ee waxqabadka dhammaan nidaamyada ee qiimayntu waxay ka korodhay 6 ilaa 4.4 exaflops (saddex sano ka hor waxay ahayd 4.8 exaflops, iyo shan sano ka hor - 1.650 petaflops). Nidaamkii soo xiray darajada hadda jirta ayaa ku jirtay kaalinta 749-aad ee tirsigii u dambeeyay;
  • Guud ahaan tirada supercomputer-yada ee meelo kala duwan oo adduunka ah waa sida soo socota: 218 supercomputer ayaa ku yaal Aasiya (229 - lix bilood ka hor), 137 Waqooyiga Ameerika (141) iyo 131 Yurub (118), 8 Koonfurta Ameerika. (6), 5 ee Oceania (5) iyo 1 Afrika (1);
  • Sida saldhigga processor-ka, Intel CPUs ayaa hogaaminaya - 75.6% (lix bilood ka hor waxay ahayd 77.4%), AMD waxay ku jirtaa kaalinta labaad 20.2% (18.8%), IBM Power ayaa ku jirta kaalinta saddexaad - 1.4% (waxay ahayd 1.4). %)
  • 22.2% (lix bilood ka hor 20%) dhammaan processor-rada la isticmaalay waxay leeyihiin 24 kore, 15.8% (15%) - 64 cores, 14.2% (19.2%) - 20 cores, 8.4% (8.8%) - 16 cores, 7.6% 8.2%) - 18 koofiyado, 6% - 28 koofiyado, 5% (5.4%) - 12 koofiyadood.
  • 177 ka mid ah 500 oo nidaam (lix bilood ka hor - 167) waxa kale oo ay isticmaalaan dardargeliyayaasha ama coprocessors, halka 161 nidaam ay isticmaalaan NVIDIA chips, 9 - AMD, 2 - Intel Xeon Phi (laga bilaabo 5), 1 - PEZY (1), 1 - MN- Core, 1 - Matrix-2000;
  • Shirkadaha soo saarayaasha kooxda, Lenovo ayaa kaalinta koowaad ka gashay 32% (lix bilood ka hor 32%), Hewlett-Packard Enterprise ayaa gashay kaalinta labaad 20.2% (19.2%), Inspur ayaa gashay kaalinta saddexaad 10% (10%), waxaa ku xigay Atos - 8.6% (8.4%), Sugon 6.8% (7.2%), Dell EMC 3.6% (3.4%), NVIDIA 2.8% (2.8%), NEC 2.4% (2%), Fujitsu 2% (2.6%), MEGWARE 1.2 %, Penguin Computing - 1.2% (1.2%), IBM 1.2% (1.2%), Huawei 0.4% (1.4%).
  • Ethernet waxa loo isticmaalaa in lagu xidho qanjidhada 46.6% (lix bilood ka hor 45.4%) kooxaha, InfiniBand waxa loo isticmaalaa 38.8% (39.2%) ee kooxaha, Omnipath - 7.2% (7.8%). Marka la eego waxqabadka guud, nidaamyada ku salaysan InfiniBand waxay ku xisaabtamaan 33.6% (32.4%) ee waxqabadka guud ee Top500, halka Ethernet ay ka dhigan tahay 46.2% (45.1%).

Mustaqbalka dhow, daabacaadda daabacaadda cusub ee qiimeynta beddelka ah ee nidaamyada kutlada Graph 500, oo diiradda saaraya qiimeynta waxqabadka aaladaha kombuyuutarrada sare ee la xiriira jilitaanka hababka jireed iyo hawlaha habaynta xogta tirada badan ee caadiga ah ee nidaamyadan, ayaa la filayaa. Green500, HPCG (High-Performance Conjugate Gradient) iyo HPL-AI ayaa lagu daray Top500 waxayna ka muuqataa qiimeynta ugu weyn ee Top500.

Source: opennet.ru

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