Dhawr sano ka hor waxaan bartay kantaroolayaasha Ruushka ee Milandr. Waxay ahayd 2013, markii injineerada ay si adag uga doodeen natiijooyinka ugu horreeya ee Barnaamijka Bartilmaameedka Federaalka "Horumarinta Saldhigga Qalabka elektiroonigga ah iyo qalabka raadiyaha" ee 2008-2015. Waqtigaas, kontaroolaha K1986BE9x (Cortex-M3 core) ayaa mar hore la sii daayay, iyo 1986BE1T kontaroolaha (Cortex-M1 core) ayaa hadda soo muuqday. Isaga, kiis caag ah oo LQFP-144 ah, wuxuu lahaa calaamadda K1986BE1QI ( duulista) ee dukumeentiga, iyo magacaabista MDR32F1QI ee chip laftiisa. Mareegta soo-saaraha, waxa ay leedahay daba-gal "hawo", maadaama ay leedahay is-dhexgalyo u gaar ah warshadaha diyaaradaha (ARINC 429, MIL_STD_1553).
Waxaa la yaab leh, markii la qaybinayay kontaroolayaashan, shirkadda Milander waxay diyaarisay xirmooyinka debug-ka iyo maktabadda subroutines si ay ula shaqeeyaan meelaha durugsan, "laakin iyada oo aan wax dammaanad ah iyo waajibaadyo dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan saxnaanta maktabadda." Maktabadu waxay la mid tahay Maktabada Dabeeciga ah ee STMicroelectronics. Guud ahaan, dhammaan kontaroolayaasha ARM ee lagu dhisay xudunta Cortex-M waxay leeyihiin wax badan oo ay wadaagaan. Sababtan awgeed, isbarashada kontaroolayaasha cusub ee Ruushka ayaa si degdeg ah u socday. Iyo kuwa iibsaday xirmooyinka cilladaha gaarka ah, taageero farsamo ayaa la siiyay inta lagu jiro isticmaalka.
Qalabka ciribtirka ee loogu talagalay microcontroller 1986BE1T, Β© Milandr
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waqti ka dib, "cudurada caruurnimada" ee chips iyo maktabadaha cusub ayaa bilaabay inay soo baxaan. Tusaalooyinka tijaabada ah ee firmware-ka ayaa shaqeeyay iyada oo aan lahayn dhibaatooyin muuqda, laakiin leh shilal wax-ka-beddel ah oo la taaban karo iyo khaladaad ayaa da'ay. "liqidda" ugu horraysa ee ku dhaqmataydu waxay ahayd guuldarrooyin aan la macnayn karin oo ku yimid kontaroolaha CAN. Hal sano ka dib, dhibaatada moduleka ayaa laga helay 1986BE1T (hawada) kontoroolka dib u eegis hore . Guud ahaan, dhammaan dib-u-eegisyada kuwan yar-koontaroolayaasha ilaa 2016 waxay ahaayeen isticmaal xaddidan. Waqti badan iyo neerfayaasha ayaa galay aqoonsiga dhibaatooyinkan, xaqiijinta taas oo hadda laga heli karo .
Muuqaal aan fiicneyn ayaa ahaa in ay lagama maarmaan tahay in la shaqeeyo oo wax laga qabto khaladaadka aan ku jirin looxyada debug, laakiin looxyada aaladaha prototype ee loo qorsheeyay wax soo saarka warshadda taxanaha ah. Marka lagu daro xiriiriyaha JTAG, inta badan ma jirin wax meeshaas yaal. Way adagtahay oo dhib yarayn in lagu xidho falanqeeye caqli-gal ah, oo badanaa ma jirin LED-yo iyo shaashado. Sababtan awgeed, fikradda ah abuurista guddiga qaladka ayaa ka muuqday madaxayga.
Dhinaca kale, waxaa jiray xirmooyinka cilladaha lagu calaamadeeyay suuqa, iyo sidoo kale looxyada cajiibka ah ee LDM-Systems ee Zelenograd. Dhanka kale, qiimaha alaabtan ayaa mid ka mid ah u horseedaya miyir-beel, iyo shaqeynta aasaasiga ah ee aan lahayn kaararka ballaarinta ma la kulmaan filashooyinka. Loox leh kontaroolo la iibiyay iyo biin madaxa wax dani iiguma jirto. Iyo looxyada xiisaha badan waa qaali.
Guddiga horumarinta MILANDR LDM-HELPER-K1986BE1QI-FULL, Β© LDM Systems
Shirkadda "Milandr" waxay leedahay siyaasad qiimeed oo gaar ah iyo suuqgeyn. Marka, waa suurtagal in la helo muunado microcircuits ah oo bilaash ah, laakiin tan waxaa heli kara oo keliya hay'adaha sharciga ah waxayna la xiriirtaa raadinta xafiiseed. Guud ahaan, microcircuits ee xirmada dhoobada-birta ah ayaa dahab ahaan u ah dareenka dhabta ah iyo kuwa sawir-qaadista. Tusaale ahaan, qiimaha kontoroolka 1986BE1T ee Moscow laga bilaabo 14 ilaa 24 kun oo rubles. Chip xusuusta taagan ee 1645RU6U waa 15000 rubles. Oo kanu waa siday u kala horreeyaan qiimaha badeecadaha oo dhan. Natiijo ahaan, xitaa machadyada cilmi-baarista gaarka ah ee leh amarrada gobolka waxay badbaadiyaan lacag oo ka xishoodaan qiimahaas. Chips kiis caag ah oo loogu talagalay isticmaalka rayidka ayaa aad uga jaban, laakiin lagama helo alaab-qeybiyeyaal caan ah. Intaa waxaa dheer, tayada chips ee kiis caag ah, waxay iila muuqataa aniga, way ka xun tahay "dahab". Tusaale ahaan, ma awoodin in aan ku shaqeeyo kontaroolaha K1986BE1QI ee 128MHz aniga oo aan kordhinayn goobta daahitaanka. Isla mar ahaantaana, heerkulka xakamaynta ayaa kor u kacay ilaa 40-50C. Laakiin 1986BE1T ("dahab") kontaroolaha wuxuu ka bilaabmay 128 MHz iyada oo aan lahayn goobo dheeri ah oo uu ahaado qabow. Runtii wuu wanaagsan yahay.
"Gold" microcontroller 1986BE1T, (c) Milandr
Waxaan nasiib u yeeshay in microcontroller ee kiis caag ah weli laga iibsan karo tafaariiqda LDM Systems, iyo dhammaan looxyada wareegga si xor ah ayaa loo heli karaa. Waxyaabaha xun ayaa ah in goobta ku taal sawirka kantaroolaha, calaamad muujinaysa in tani ay tahay dib u eegista 4th ee 2014, i.e. cillado leh. Waxaan ku fikiray waqti dheer - inaan iibsado ama aan iibsan. Markaa dhowr sano ayaa ka soo wareegtay...
Fikradda samaynta guddida wax-ka-qabashada meelna ma lumin. Si tartiib ah ayaan u sameeyay dhammaan shuruudihii, waxaanan ka fikiray sidii aan waxan oo dhan ugu dhejin lahaa hal loox, si ay u noqoto mid cufan oo aan qaali ahayn. Si barbar socda, waxaan ka dalbaday qaybaha maqan ee Shiinaha. Kuma degdegin - wax walba waan u sameeyay naftayda. Alaab-qeybiyeyaasha Shiinaha waxay caan ku yihiin caajisnimo - Waxaan ku qasbanaa inaan wax la mid ah ka dalbado meelo kala duwan si aan u helo wax kasta oo aan u baahdo. Intaa waxaa dheer, qaar ka mid ah chips-yada xusuusta waxay noqdeen kuwo gacan labaad ah - oo si cad looga iibinayo aaladaha jaban. Tani waxay igu dhacday mar dambe.
Iibsashada microcontroller Milandr K1986BE1QI ( duulista) ma aha hawl fudud. Isla dukaanka Chip iyo Dip, qaybta "Position to order", waxaan ka helay kaliya K1986BE92QI ee 740 rubles, laakiin aniga iguma haboona. Ikhtiyaarka kaliya ayaa ah inaad ka soo iibsato dib u eegis aan cusbayn LDM-Systems 2000 rubles. Maadaama aanan meel kale ka heli karin qof beddela, waxaan go'aansaday inaan soo iibiyo waxa ahaa. Si aan la yaabay, waxay iga iibiyeen kontorool cusub oo Diisambar 2018, dib u eegis 6+ (1820). Goobtuna wali waxay leedahay sawir hore, iyo wakhtiga qorista kontaroolaha lama heli karo ...
Microcontroller K1986BE1QI (viation) ee baakadaha tignoolajiyada, (c) Sawirka qoraaga
Tilmaamaha farsamada ugu muhiimsan ee guddiga horumarintayda MDB1986 soo socda:
- Ku-dhismay-barnaamijiyaha-debugger-ku-waafajinta J-Link iyo CMSIS-DAP;
- 4Mbit xusuusta taagan (256k x 16, 10 ns);
- chip xasuusta flash 64Mbit, Winbond 25Q64FVSIG;
- transceiver interface RS-232 oo leh khadadka RTS iyo CTS;
- isku xirka iyo isku xirka Ethernet, USB, CAN;
- 7-qaybta bandhiga kontoroolka MAX7221;
- Xidhiidhiyaha biinka ee la shaqaynta MCIO (MIL_STD_1553) iyo ARINC429;
- sawir qaade Everlight PT17-21C;
- shan midab leh oo LED ah, badhanka dib u habeynta iyo laba badhamada isticmaalaha;
- waxa ku shaqeeya deked USB ah oo ah 5 volts;
- cabbirrada guddiga wareegga daabacan 100 x 80, mm
Waxaan ka helay looxyada taxanaha STM-Discovery sababtoo ah waxay leeyihiin barnaamij-debugger-ku-dhismay - ST-Link. Lahaanshaha ST-Link wuxuu la shaqeeyaa kontaroolayaasha STMicroelectronics, laakiin dhowr sano ka hor waxaa suurtagal noqotay in la cusboonaysiiyo firmware-ka ST-Link oo la helo SEGGER J-Link OB (korka) Debugger. Sharci ahaan, waxaa jira xannibaad lagu isticmaalo cilladaha noocaas ah oo keliya looxyada STMicroelectronics, laakiin dhab ahaantii awooddu ma xaddidna. Markaa, haysashada J-Link OB, waxaad ku yeelan kartaa barnaamij-debugger-ku-dhismay sabuuradda cilladaha. Waxaan ogsoonahay in alaabada LDM-Systems ay isticmaalaan beddelaha CP2102 (Usb2Uart), kaas oo kaliya bilig kara.
STM32F103C8T6 microcontrollers, dhab ah oo aan sidaas ahayn, (c) Sawirka qoraagu
Marka, waxay ahayd lagama maarmaan in la iibsado STM32F103C8T6 asalka ah, maadaama firmware calaamadeysan uusan si sax ah ula shaqeyn doonin klon. Waan ka shakiyay qoraalkan oo waxaan go'aansaday inaan tijaabiyo CS32F103C8T6 kontaroolaha shirkadda Shiinaha ee CKS. Wax cabasho ah kama qabo maamulaha laftiisa, laakiin ST-Link firmware kamuu shaqaynin. J-Link ayaa qayb ahaan shaqeysay - aaladda USB-ga ayaa la ogaaday, laakiin barnaamij-sameeyaha ma uusan qaban shaqadiisa, wuxuuna si joogto ah u xasuusiyay inay ahayd "cilad".
Khalad markaad ku shaqaynayso cilladaha kontaroolaha aan asalka ahayn
Arrintaas kuma aan dejin oo marka hore waxaan qoray firmware-ka si uu u biligleeyo LED-ka, ka dibna waxaan hirgeliyay codsigii IDCODE anigoo isticmaalaya borotokoolka JTAG. Barnaamijka ST-Link ee aan ku lahaa Discovery board iyo barnaamijka ST-Link Utility wuxuu shidaa CS32F103C8T6 dhib la'aan.Natiijo ahaan, waxaan hubiyay in guddigaygu shaqeynayo. Anigoo ku faraxsanahay, kontaroolaha bartilmaameedka ee K1986BE1QI ( duulista) ayaa si farxad leh u soo saaray IDCODE-ga khadka TDO.
Oscillogram ee khadka signalka TDO oo leh IDCODE jawaab celin sumadeysan, (c) Sawirka qoraaga
Markaa dekedda SWD ayaa ku anfacday in la saxo qaladka laftiisa iyo hubinta IDCODE
Waxaa jiray ikhtiyaar leh cilladaha . Dhisida mashruuc laga soo bilaabo ilaha ARM ma aha hawl fudud, waxaan ka soo qaatay mashruuca , ka dibna waxaan sidoo kale isku dayay DAP42. Nasiib darro, Keil uVision wuu xayiray mana uusan rabin inuu la shaqeeyo. Natiijo ahaan, waxaan ku beddelay chip-ka wax-ka-hortagga STM32F103C8T6 oo aan waligay ku soo noqon arrintan.
Hawlgalka guusha leh ee ku-dhismay cilladaha J-Link STLink V2
Markii dhammaan qaybaha muhiimka ah ee guddiga mustaqbalka ee cilladaha la heli karo, waxaan galay Eagle CAD oo waxaan ogaaday inaysan ku jirin maktabadda curiyeyaasha. Ma jirto meel aan aado - waa inaan aniga laftaydu sawiro. Isla mar ahaantaana, waxaan kuraas u sameeyay xusuusta, isku xirka HanRun ee Ethernet, oo waxaan ku daray fareemo loogu talagalay iska caabiyeyaasha iyo capacitors. Faylka mashruuca iyo maktabadda qaybta waa la heli karaa .
Jaantuska jaantuska ee guddiga cilladaha MDB1986
Boodhka waxaa ku shaqeeya il 5 volt DC ah oo ka timid dekedda USB. Boodhka waxaa ku yaal laba dekedood oo USB Type-B ah. Mid waxaa loogu talagalay barnaamijka, kan labaadna waxaa loogu talagalay kontaroolaha K1986BE1QI. Guddidu waxay ka shaqayn kartaa mid ka mid ah ilahan ama labadaba isku mar. Isku hagaajinta ugu fudud ee culeyska iyo ilaalinta xadhkaha korantada waxaa lagu hirgeliyaa Schottky diodes, gudaha D2 iyo D3 (SS24) wareegyada. Sidoo kale jaantuska waxaad ku arki kartaa fiyuusyada F1 iyo F2 oo iskood u soo celinaya oo gaaraya 500mA. Xadhkaha calaamadaha ee dekedda USB waxaa ilaaliya USBLC6-2SC6 diode shirka.
Wareegga ST-Link debugger-programmer waxaa yaqaan dad badan, waxaa laga heli karaa dukumentiyada looxyada STM32-Discovery iyo ilo kale. Qalabka aasaasiga ah ee ST-Link / J-Link-OB / DAP clone (ikhtiyaar), waxaan keenay SWDIO (PA13), SWCLK (PA14), khadadka GND. Kuwo badan ayaa UART u isticmaala firmware waxaana lagu qasbay inay jiidaan boodayaasha BOOT. Laakiin SWD aad ayey iigu habboon tahay, marka laga soo tago hab-maamuuskani waxa uu ogolaanayaa khaladka.
Ku dhowaad dhammaan qaybaha guddiga waxaa ku shaqeeya 3.3 volts, kuwaas oo ka yimid AMS1117-3.3 xakamaynta korantada. Si loo xakameeyo faragelinta korantada iyo kor u kaca hadda, filtarrada LC ee capacitors iyo chokes ee taxanaha BLM31PG ayaa la isticmaalaa.
Si ka duwan, waxaa mudan in la xuso MAX7 7221-qayb bandhig darawalka. Marka loo eego qeexitaanka, sahayda lagu taliyey waa 4 ilaa 5.5 volts, iyo heerka signalka sare (Logic one) waa mid aan ka yarayn 3.5V (0.7 x VCC), marka uu ku shaqeeyo 5V. Xakamaynta K1986BE1QI ( duulista), soosaarka cutubka macquulka ah wuxuu u dhigmaa danab ka socda 2.8 ilaa 3.3V. Sida iska cad, waxaa jira is-maan-dhaafin heerarka signalada oo carqaladayn kara hawlgalka caadiga ah. Waxaan go'aansaday inaan awood u yeesho MAX7221 4V oo aan hoos u dhigo heerarka calaamadaha 2.8V (0.7 x 4 = 2.8). Si taas loo sameeyo, diode D4 (RS1A ama FR103) ayaa si taxane ah loogu rakibay wareegga awoodda darawalka. Wadarta hoos u dhaca danabku waa 0.9V (0.3V Schottky diode iyo 0.6V diode), wax walbana way shaqeeyaan.
Inta badan dekedaha K1986BE1QI microcontroller ( duulista) waxay la jaan qaadayaan calaamadaha ilaa 5V. Sidaa darteed, isticmaalka MCP2551 CAN transceiver, kaas oo sidoo kale ka shaqeeya 5V, ma keeno dhibaatooyin. Jaantusku wuxuu muujinayaa chip MAX232 sida RS-3232 transceiver, laakiin dhab ahaantii waxaan isticmaalay SN65C3232D Texas Instruments, sababtoo ah Waxay ka shaqeysaa 3.3V waxayna bixisaa xawaare ilaa 1Mbit/s.
Waxaa jira 4 quartz resonators on guddiga - mid loogu talagalay debugger (8 MHz) iyo saddex loogu talagalay microcontroller bartilmaameedka K1986BE1QI (viation) oo leh qiyamka magaca ah 32.768 kHz, 16 MHz, 25 MHz. Kuwani waa qaybo lagama maarmaan ah, sababtoo ah. cabbirada koronto-dhaliyaha RC-ku-dhismay waxay ku jiraan tiro balaadhan oo ah 6 ilaa 10 MHz. Inta jeer ee 25 MHz ayaa looga baahan yahay hawlgalka kontaroolka ku dhex jira ee Ethernet. Sababo qaar ka mid ah, website-ka Milandra (malaha si qalad ah) ayaa sheegaya in aysan jirin wax Ethernet ah oo ku jira kiiska caagga ah. Laakiin waxaan ku tiirsanaan doonaa qeexitaanka iyo xaqiiqooyinka.
Dhiirigelinta muhiimka ah ee abuurista guddiga khaladaadkaaga ayaa ah fursadda aad kula shaqaynayso nidaamka baska dibadda ee EBC (xakamaynta baska dibadda), kaas oo asal ahaan ah deked barbar socota. K1986BE1QI microcontroller (viation) wuxuu kuu ogolaanayaa inaad ku xidho oo aad la shaqeyso chips xusuusta dibadda ah iyo qalabka durugsan, sida ADC, FPGA, iwm. Suurtagalnimada baska nidaamka dibadda aad ayay u badan yihiin - waxaad ku shaqayn kartaa 8-bit, 16-bit iyo 32-bit static RAM, ROM iyo NAND Flash. Akhrinta/qorista xogta 32-bit, koontarooluhu wuxuu si toos ah u fulin karaa 2 hawlgal oo u dhigma 16-bit microcircuits, iyo 8 hawlgal oo kuwa 4-bit ah. Sida cad, hawlgalka I/O ee 32-bit ah ayaa noqon doona kan ugu dhaqsaha badan oo wata baska xogta 32-bit ah. Khasaaraha jira waxaa ka mid ah baahida loo qabo in barnaamijka uu ku shaqeeyo xogta 32-bit, iyo guddiga waa inay dhigaan 32 raadad.
Chips SRAM, oo la isticmaalay (ka fikir midkee cilladaysan)
Xalka dheellitiran waa in la isticmaalo 16-bit chips xasuusta. Waxaan ku dhameeyay Integrated Silicon Solutions Inc. chips. (ISSI IS61LV25616AL, 16x256k, 10ns, 3.3V). Dabcan, shirkadda "Milandr" waxay leedahay chips xusuusta taagan u gaar ah laakiin aad bay qaali u yihiin oo lama heli karo. Haddii kale, waxaa jira Samsung K6R4016V1D pin-ku habboon. Waxaan horay u sheegay in IC-yadu ay ahaayeen kuwo gacan labaad ah oo nuqulkii aan rakibay uu markii hore sii liicayay oo khalkhalsanaa khadka xogta 15th. Waxay qaadatay dhowr maalmood in la helo khaladaadka hardware-ka, waxaana sii weynaada dareenka ku qanacsanaanta markaan beddelo jajabkii waxyeelloobay mid shaqeynaya. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, xawaaraha ku shaqeynta xusuusta dibadda ayaa ka tagaysa wax badan oo la rabo.
Baska Dibadda iyo Qaabka Kelida ahK1986BE1QI microcontroller (viation) waxa uu leeyahay hab u gaar ah StandAlone, kaas oo loogu talagalay in si toos ah dibadda u galaan Ethernet iyo kontaroolayaasha MCIO (MIL_STD_1553) iyada oo baska dibadda ah, halka ubucda ah waa in xaaladda dib u dejinta, i.e. aan la isticmaalin. Habkani wuxuu faa'iido u leeyahay soo-saareyaasha iyo FPGA-yada aan lahayn Ethernet iyo/ama MCIO.
Jaantusku waa sida soo socota:
- xogta baska MCU(D0-D15) => SRAM(I/O0-I/O15),
- cinwaanka baska MCU(A1-A18) => SRAM(A0-A17),
- MCU control(nWR,nRD,PortC2) => SRAM (WE,OE,CE),
- SRAM (UB, LB) waxay ku xiran yihiin ama la jiidayaa dhulka iyada oo loo marayo resistor.
Xariiqda CE waxaa kor loogu soo jiidaa iyada oo loo marayo iska caabin, MCU byte fetch biinanka (BE0-BE3) lama isticmaalo. Qaswada hoosteeda waxaan ku siinayaa koodka bilowga dekedaha iyo kantaroolka baska dibadda.
Bilaabidda dekedaha iyo kontaroolaha EBC (xakameeyaha baska dibadda)
void SRAM_Init (void)
{
EBC_InitTypeDef EBC_InitStruct = { 0 };
EBC_MemRegionInitTypeDef EBC_MemRegionInitStruct = { 0 };
PORT_InitTypeDef initStruct = { 0 };
RST_CLK_PCLKcmd (RST_CLK_PCLK_EBC, ENABLE);
PORT_StructInit (&initStruct);
//--------------------------------------------//
// DATA PA0..PA15 (D0..D15) //
//--------------------------------------------//
initStruct.PORT_MODE = PORT_MODE_DIGITAL;
initStruct.PORT_PD_SHM = PORT_PD_SHM_ON;
initStruct.PORT_SPEED = PORT_SPEED_FAST;
initStruct.PORT_FUNC = PORT_FUNC_MAIN;
initStruct.PORT_Pin = PORT_Pin_All;
PORT_Init (MDR_PORTA, &initStruct);
//--------------------------------------------//
// Address PF3-PF15 (A0..A12), A0 - not used. //
//--------------------------------------------//
initStruct.PORT_FUNC = PORT_FUNC_ALTER;
initStruct.PORT_Pin = PORT_Pin_4 | PORT_Pin_5 |
PORT_Pin_6 | PORT_Pin_7 |
PORT_Pin_8 | PORT_Pin_9 |
PORT_Pin_10 | PORT_Pin_11 |
PORT_Pin_12 | PORT_Pin_13 |
PORT_Pin_14 | PORT_Pin_15;
PORT_Init (MDR_PORTF, &initStruct);
//--------------------------------------------//
// Address PD3..PD0 (A13..A16) //
//--------------------------------------------//
initStruct.PORT_FUNC = PORT_FUNC_OVERRID;
initStruct.PORT_Pin = PORT_Pin_0 | PORT_Pin_1 |
PORT_Pin_2 | PORT_Pin_3;
PORT_Init (MDR_PORTD, &initStruct);
//--------------------------------------------//
// Address PE3, PE4 (A17, A18) //
//--------------------------------------------//
initStruct.PORT_FUNC = PORT_FUNC_ALTER;
initStruct.PORT_Pin = PORT_Pin_3 | PORT_Pin_4;
PORT_Init (MDR_PORTE, &initStruct);
//--------------------------------------------//
// Control PC0,PC1 (nWE,nOE) //
//--------------------------------------------//
initStruct.PORT_FUNC = PORT_FUNC_MAIN;
initStruct.PORT_Pin = PORT_Pin_0 | PORT_Pin_1;
PORT_Init (MDR_PORTC, &initStruct);
//--------------------------------------------//
// Control PC2 (nCE) //
//--------------------------------------------//
initStruct.PORT_PD = PORT_PD_DRIVER;
initStruct.PORT_OE = PORT_OE_OUT;
initStruct.PORT_FUNC = PORT_FUNC_PORT;
initStruct.PORT_Pin = MDB_SRAM_CE;
PORT_Init (MDR_PORTC, &initStruct);
//--------------------------------------------//
// Initialize EBC controler //
//--------------------------------------------//
EBC_DeInit();
EBC_StructInit(&EBC_InitStruct);
EBC_InitStruct.EBC_Mode = EBC_MODE_RAM;
EBC_InitStruct.EBC_WaitState = EBC_WAIT_STATE_3HCLK;
EBC_InitStruct.EBC_DataAlignment = EBC_EBC_DATA_ALIGNMENT_16;
EBC_Init(&EBC_InitStruct);
EBC_MemRegionStructInit(&EBC_MemRegionInitStruct);
EBC_MemRegionInitStruct.WS_Active = 2;
EBC_MemRegionInitStruct.WS_Setup = EBC_WS_SETUP_CYCLE_1HCLK;
EBC_MemRegionInitStruct.WS_Hold = EBC_WS_HOLD_CYCLE_1HCLK;
EBC_MemRegionInitStruct.Enable_Tune = ENABLE;
EBC_MemRegionInit (&EBC_MemRegionInitStruct, EBC_MEM_REGION_60000000);
EBC_MemRegionCMD(EBC_MEM_REGION_60000000, ENABLE);
// Turn ON RAM (nCE)
PORT_ResetBits (MDR_PORTC, MDB_SRAM_CE);
}
Kantaroolka yar-yar ee ku jira xirmada LQFP-144 iyo xusuusta ku jirta xirmada TSOP-44 waxay leeyihiin biinno badan oo isku xiran waxayna qaadanayaan boos badan oo PCB ah. Anigoo khibrad u leh xallinta dhibaatooyinka hagaajinta ee dhinaca dhaqaalaha, waxaa ii muuqatay in microcircuits-yadaas la dhigo guddiga marka hore. Illo kala duwan, waxaan la kulmay faallooyin ammaan ah oo ku saabsan . Waxaan soo dejiyey nooca tijaabada waxaana awooday inaan mashruucayga ka dhoofiyo Eagle CAD halkaas oo kaliya markii aan ka saaray dhammaan qaybaha. Nasiib darro, barnaamijka TopoR igama caawinin in aan dhigo xitaa 10 walxood oo looxa. Marka hore, dhammaan qaybaha ayaa lagu dhejiyay gees, ka dibna lagu hagaajiyay cidhifka. Doorashadani ima qancin, waxaanan wakhti dheer ku qaatay raadinta guddiga gacanta ee deegaanka Eagle CAD ee la yaqaan.
Daabacaadda shaashadda waa shay muhiim ah oo ka mid ah guddiga wareegga daabacan. Saxiixa saxiixyada, kaliya maaha inay jiraan saxeexyada qaybaha elektaroonigga ah, laakiin dhammaan xidhayaasha waa in la saxeexo. Dhinaca dambe ee guddiga, waxaan dhigay miisaska-xusuusinta leh hawlaha dekedaha koontaroolayaasha (ugu weyn, beddelka, la dhaafo, dhabta ah). Waxaan amar ku bixiyay in la sameeyo loox wareeg ah oo daabacan gudaha Shiinaha oo ku yaal xafiiska PCBWay ee caanka ah. Ma ammaani doono, sababtoo ah tayada ayaa wanaagsan. Waxay ku fiicnaan karaan dulqaad yar, laakiin .
Looxyada wareegyada daabacan ee la soo saaray MDB1986, (c) Sawirka qoraaga
Waxaan ku qasbanahay inaan ku iibiyo qaybaha "jilbahayga" birta alxanka ah ee 40-watt ah iyo alxanka POS-61, sababtoo ah marar dhif ah ayaan iibiyaa, 1-2 jeer sannadkii, iyo koollada alxanka ayaa engegay. Waxaan sidoo kale ku qasbanaaday inaan beddelo kontoroolka Shiinaha CS32F103 STM32F103 asalka ah, ka dibna sidoo kale beddelo xusuusta. Guud ahaan, hadda si buuxda ayaan ugu qanacsanahay natiijada, inkastoo aanan weli hubin hawlgalka RS-232 iyo CAN.
Gudida wax ka saarida MDB1986 oo shaqaynaya - iftiimaya oo diirinaya, (Ρ) Sawirka qoraagu
Bogga "Milandra" waxaad ka heli kartaa wax kugu filan 1986BE9 taxane (Cortex-M3 core), laakiin loogu talagalay K1986BE1QI ( duulista) microcontroller, waxba halkaas kuma arko. Ka dib markaan dib u eego agabyada lagu daabacay halkaas, buug-gacmeedyada iyo shaqada shaybaarka ee jaamacadaha, waxaan ku faraxsanahay in shaqaalaha lagu tababaro dalka oo dhan si ay ula shaqeeyaan kontaroolayaasha Ruushka. Inta badan agabka tababarka waxaa loo diyaariyey inay la shaqeeyaan I/O dekedaha, saacada, ADC, DAC, SPI, UART. IDE-ga kala duwan ayaa la adeegsadaa (Keil, IAR, CodeMaster). Meel ay ku barnaamijeeyaan iyagoo isticmaalaya diiwaanka CMSIS, iyo meel ay isticmaalaan Maktabadda MDR. Kheyraadka waa in la xusaa , kaas oo ka kooban maqaallo badan oo ka yimid barmaamijiyeyaasha xirfadlayaasha ah. Dabcan, waa in aynaan iloobin .
Ka fikirida MilandraMicroelectronics ee Russia ayaa soo koraya, iyo shirkadda "Milandr" ayaa door muhiim ah ka ciyaara habkan. Microcontrollers cusub oo xiiso leh ayaa u muuqda, tusaale ahaan, 1986BE81T iyo Elektrosila oo leh SpaceWire iyo MKIO interfaces (la mid ah 1986BE1 iyo, laga yaabo, dhibaatooyin isku mid ah), iwm. Laakiin ardayda caadiga ah, macalimiinta iyo injineerada madaniga ah, maahan wax macquul ah in la iibsado microcircuits. Tani waxay ka dhigan tahay in bulshada injineernimada aysan awoodi doonin inay si degdeg ah u gartaan khaladaadka iyo dhibaatooyinka chip-kan. Waxay ila tahay in marka hore ay lagama maarmaan tahay in la soo saaro microcircuits kiis caag ah, loo qaybiyo dhammaan dhinacyada xiiseynaya, oo kaliya ka dib ansixinta (Latin approbatio - ansixinta, aqoonsiga) khabiiro takhasus leh ayaa diyaarin kara dib u eegis ku saabsan kiis dhoobo-bir ah oo leh ilaalinta dhammaan arrimaha laga cabsado. Waxaan rajeynayaa in mustaqbalka dhow aan dhammaanteen ku farxi doono mashaariicda cusub ee lagu dhawaaqay bandhigyada.
Qof kastaa wuu ku celin karaa, wax ka beddeli karaa oo isticmaali karaa guddiga khaladka ah ee aan ku sameeyay habka waxbarashada. Marka hore, waxaan sameeyay loox naftayda ah, laakiin si fiican ayay u noqotay .
K1986BE1QI (hawada) waa maamule aad u xiiso badan oo leh isdhexgalyo gaar ah oo loo isticmaali karo jaamacadaha wax lagu baro ardayda. Waxaan u maleynayaa in ka dib markii la saxo khaladaadka lagu aqoonsaday kontaroolaha iyo gudbinta imtixaanada shahaado, kontarooluhu wuxuu u duuli doonaa macnaha ugu dhabta ah ee ereyga!
Source: www.habr.com