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Qiimaynta kombuyuutarrada ugu wax qabadka sarreeya waxa u sarreeya koox ku salaysan ARM CPUs

la daabacay Arrinta 55aad qiimeynta 500 kombiyuutarada ugu waxqabadka sarreeya adduunka. Qiimaynta Juun waxaa ugu sarreeyay hoggaamiye cusub - kooxda Jabbaan Fugaku, oo caan ku ah isticmaalkeeda ARM Processor.

Kooxda Fugaku dhajiyay Machadka Cilmi-baarista Jirka iyo Kiimikada RIKEN waxayna bixisaa waxqabadka 415.5 petaflops, taas oo 2.8 ka badan hoggaamiyihii qiimeyntii hore, kaas oo lagu riixay booska labaad. Kooxda waxaa ku jira 158976 nood ku salaysan SoC Fujitsu A64FX, oo ku qalabaysan 48-core CPU Armv8.2-A SVE (512 bit SIMD) oo leh celcelis saacad ah 2.2GHz. Isku soo wada duuboo, kooxdu waxay leedahay in ka badan 7 milyan oo koofiyado processor ah (saddex jeer in ka badan hogaamiyaha qiimayntii hore), ku dhawaad ​​5 PB ee RAM iyo 150 PB ee kaydinta la wadaago ee ku salaysan Luster FS. Koofiyada Cas ee Linux waxaa loo isticmaalaa nidaamka hawlgalka.

Qiimaynta kombuyuutarrada ugu wax qabadka sarreeya waxa u sarreeya koox ku salaysan ARM CPUs

Kaalmaha labaad ilaa shanaad waxaa sugay madaxdii hore, kuwaas oo ku jiray kaalmaha koowaad ilaa afraad ee qiimayntii November:

  • Meesha labaad - kooxdu Shirwayne la geeyay by IBM at Oak Ridge Shaybaadhka Qaranka (USA). Kooxdu waxa ay waddaa Red Hat Enterprise Linux waxaana ku jira 2.4 milyan oo koofiyado processor ah (iyaga oo isticmaalaya 22-core IBM Power9 22C 3.07GHz CPUs iyo NVIDIA Tesla V100 accelerators), kuwaas oo bixiya waxqabadka 148 petaflops.
  • Kaalinta saddexaad - Kutlada Maraykanka Sierra, oo lagu rakibay Shaybaadhka Qaranka ee Livermore by IBM iyadoo lagu saleynayo madal la mid ah Summit iyo muujinta waxqabadka 94 petaflops (qiyaastii 1.5 milyan oo cores).
  • Kaalinta afraad - Kooxda Shiinaha Sunway TaihuLight, oo ka shaqeeya Xarunta Qaranka ee Supercomputing ee Shiinaha, oo ay ku jiraan in ka badan 10 milyan oo kombuyuutar ah oo muujinaya waxqabadka 93 petaflops. In kasta oo ay jiraan tilmaamayaasha waxqabadka la midka ah, kooxda Sierra waxay isticmaashaa kala badh tamar badan tan Sunway TaihuLight.
  • Kaalinta shanaad - Kooxda Shiinaha Tianhe-2A, oo ay ku jiraan ku dhawaad ​​5 milyan oo koor oo muujinaya waxqabadka 61 petaflops.

Kooxaha cusub waxay galeen kaalmaha lixaad iyo toddobaad HPC5 (Talyaani, Dell EMC, 35 petaflops, 669 kun oo koor) iyo Selene (USA, 27 petaflops, 277 kun cores), kaas oo bedelay kooxda Maraykanka Frontera (Dell EMC, 23 petaflops, 448 kun cores) ilaa kaalinta sideedaad. Kooxda cusub ee Talyaanigu waxay gashay kaalinta sagaalaad Marconi-100 (IBM, 21.6 petaflops, 347 kun oo koor), iyo tan tobnaad waa koox Swiss ah. piz daint (Cray/HPE, 21.2 petaflops, 387 kun cores), kaas oo galay kaalinta 6-aad ee qiimayntii hore.

Isbeddellada ugu xiisaha badan:

  • Kooxda guriga SberCloud (6.6 petaflops, Ubuntu 18.04.01/2/8168, oo ay Sberbank ka dhistay madal NVIDIA DGX-24, waxay isticmaashaa Xeon Platinum 2.7 99600C 6GHz CPU waxayna leedahay 29 kombuyuutar) oo ka soo guuray 36th ilaa 2th booska darajada 107 bilood. Koox kale oo gudaha ah, Lomonosov 131, ayaa ka soo guurtay XNUMX ilaa XNUMX. Kooxda ku jirta Roshydromet, oo galay kaalinta 465aad, ayaa laga saaray darajada. Haddaba, tirada kooxaha gudaha ee qiimeynta muddo lix bilood ah ayaa hoos uga dhacday 3 ilaa 2 (2017 waxaa jiray 5 darajada nidaamyada gudaha, iyo 2012 - 12);

  • Qaybinta tirada kombuyuutarrada sare ee wadamo kala duwan:
    • Shiinaha: 226 (228 lix bilood ka hor). Wadar ahaan, kooxaha Shiinuhu waxay soo saaraan 45.2 wadarta guud ee wax soo saarka (lix bilood ka hor - 31.9%);
    • USA: 114 (117). Wadarta wax soo saarka ayaa lagu qiyaasay 22.8% (lix bilood ka hor - 37.8%);
    • Japan: 29 (29);
    • Faransiiska: 19 (18);
    • Jarmalka: 16 (16);
    • Netherlands: 15 (15);
    • Ireland: 14 (14);
    • Kanada 12 (9);
    • UK: 10 (11);
    • Talyaaniga: 7 (5);
    • Brazil: 4 (3);
    • Singapore 4 (4);
    • South Korea, Saudi Arabia, Norway: 3;
    • Russia, India, Australia, UAE, Switzerland, Sweden, Finland, Taiwan: 2.
  • Marka la eego qiimeynta nidaamyada hawlgalka ee loo isticmaalo kombuyuutarrada waaweyn, Linux kaliya ayaa hadhay saddex sano;
  • Qaybinta Linux (ku jira gunta - 6 bilood ka hor):
    • 54.4% (49.6%) ma faahfaahin qaybinta,
    • 24.6% (26.4%) waxay isticmaalaan CentOS,
    • 6.8% (6.8%) - Cray Linux,
    • 6% (4.8%) - RHEL,
    • 2.6% (3%) - SUSE,
    • 2.2% (2%) - Ubuntu;
    • 0.2% (0.4%) - Linux Sayniska ah
  • Heerka waxqabadka ugu yar ee gelitaanka Top500 ee 6 bilood wuxuu kordhay min 1142 ilaa 1230 teraflops (sanadkii la soo dhaafay, kaliya 272 kooxood ayaa muujiyay waxqabadka wax ka badan petaflop, laba sano ka hor - 138, saddex sano ka hor - 94). Top100, heerka gelitaanka wuxuu ka kordhay 2570 ilaa 2801 teraflops;
  • Wadarta guud ee waxqabadka dhammaan nidaamyada ee qiimayntu waxay korodhay sanadka 1.65 ilaa 2.23 exaflops (saddex sano ka hor waxay ahayd 749 petaflops). Nidaamkii soo xidhay darajada hadda la soo saaray waxa uu ahaa kaalinta 449-aad tirsigii u dambeeyay, iyo 348-aad ee sannadkii ka horreeyay;
  • Guud ahaan sida loo qaybiyay tirada supercomputer-yada ee meelo kala duwan oo aduunka ah waa sida soo socota.
    272 supercomputer ayaa ku yaal Aasiya (274 - lix bilood ka hor),
    126 Waqooyiga Ameerika (129) iyo 96 Yurub ah (94), 4 Koonfurta Ameerika iyo 2 ee Oceania (3);

  • Sida saldhigga processor-ka, Intel CPUs ayaa hogaaminaya - 93.8% (lix bilood ka hor waxay ahayd 94%), kaalinta labaadna IBM Power - 2.6% (oo ka yimid 2.8%), kaalinta saddexaad AMD - 2.2% (0.6% ), kaalinta afraad waa ARM (Marvell ThunderX2 iyo Fujitsu A64FX) - 0.8%, kaalinta shanaad SPARC64 - 0.2% (0.6%). Markii ugu horeysay ee qiimeynta, koox ku saleysan processor-yada ARM ayaa la soo bandhigay, taasoo isla markiiba gashay kaalinta koowaad.
  • 37.4% (35.6 bilood ka hor 20%) dhammaan processor-yaasha la isticmaalay waxay leeyihiin 12.2 kore, 13.8% (16%) - 10.6 cores, 24% - XNUMX cores,
    10.4% (11%) - 18 kore, 9.8% (11.2%) - 12 koor, 7% (7.8%) - 14 koor;

  • 145 ka mid ah 500 oo nidaam (lix bilood ka hor - 144) waxa kale oo ay isticmaalaan dardargeliyayaasha ama coprocessors, halka 135 nidaam ay isticmaalaan NVIDIA chips (lix bilood ka hor waxaa jiray 135), 6 - Intel Xeon Phi (waxaa jiray 5), 1 - PEZY (1) , 1 waxay isticmaashaa xalalka isku-dhafka ah (horey 1), 1 waxay isticmaashaa Matrix-2000 (1), 1 GPU AMD Vega (1);
  • Shirkadaha soo saarayaasha, Lenovo ayaa gashay kaalinta koowaad - 36% (34.8 bilood ka hor XNUMX%), kaalinta labaad
    Sugon 13.6% (14.2%), kaalinta saddexaad ee Inspur - 12.8% (13.2%), kaalinta afraad waxa ku jira Hewlett-Packard - 7.6% (7%), waxa ku xiga Cray 7.2%, Atos - 5.2% (4.6%) , Fujitsu 2.6% (2.6%), IBM 2.4 (2.6%), Dell EMC 2% (2.2%), NVIDIA 1.4% (1.2%), Huawei 1.4% (2%),
    Xisaabinta Penguin - 1.2% (2.2%). Saddex sano ka hor, qaybinta u dhaxaysa warshadeeyayaasha waxay ahayd sidan soo socota: Hewlett-Packard 28.6% (22.4%), kaalinta labaad waa Lenovo 17% (18.4%), kaalinta saddexaadna waa Cray 11.4% (11.2%), kaalinta afraadna waa Sugon 9.2% (9.4%), kaalinta shanaad waa IBM 5.4% (6.6%).

  • Ethernet waxa loo isticmaalaa in lagu xidho qanjidhada 52.6% ee kooxaha (52 bilood ka hor 30.4%), InfiniBand - 28% (9.8%), Omnipath - 10% (52.6%). Haddii aan tixgelinno wadarta guud ee waxqabadka, markaa nidaamyada ku saleysan Ethernet waxay daboolayaan 29% (500%) wadarta guud ee waxqabadka Top30.4, InfiniBand - 40% (9.8%), Omnipath - XNUMX%.

Isla mar ahaantaana, siideynta cusub ee qiimeynta beddelka ee nidaamyada kutlada ayaa diyaar ah Sawirka 500, diiradda saaraya qiimaynta waxqabadka aaladaha kombuyuutarrada sare ee la xidhiidha jilitaanka hababka jireed iyo hawlaha habaynta xogta tirada badan ee caadiga ah ee nidaamyadan. Qiimaynta Green500 si gooni gooni ah dheeraad ah lama sii dayn oo lagu daray Top500, maadaama waxtarka tamarta hadda yahay ka tarjumaysa qiimeynta ugu weyn ee Top500 (saamiga LINPACK FLOPS iyo isticmaalka tamarta ee watts ayaa lagu xisaabtamayaa).

Source: opennet.ru

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