{"id":100160,"date":"2021-05-13T16:22:58","date_gmt":"2021-05-13T14:22:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/dostupen-paketnyj-menedzher-gnu-guix-1-3-i-distributiv-na-ego-osnove"},"modified":"2021-05-13T16:22:58","modified_gmt":"2021-05-13T14:22:58","slug":"dostupen-paketnyj-menedzher-gnu-guix-1-3-i-distributiv-na-ego-osnove","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/dostupen-paketnyj-menedzher-gnu-guix-1-3-i-distributiv-na-ego-osnove","title":{"rendered":"Paketa menaxher GNU Guix 1.3 dhe distribucioni i bazuar n\u00eb t\u00eb jan\u00eb n\u00eb dispozicion","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>U lirua paketa menaxher GNU Guix 1.3 dhe distribucioni GNU\/Linux i nd\u00ebrtuar mbi t\u00eb. U krijuan imazhe p\u00ebr shkarkim p\u00ebr instalim n\u00eb USB Flash (610 MB) dhe p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdorim n\u00eb sistemet e virtualizimit (972 MB). Mb\u00ebshtetet puna n\u00eb arkitektur\u00ebn i686, x86_64, Power9, armv7 dhe aarch64.    <\/p>\n<p>Distribucioni lejon instalimin si nj\u00eb OS t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb n\u00eb sistemet e virtualizimit, n\u00eb kontejner\u00eb dhe n\u00eb pajisje t\u00eb zakonshme, si dhe fillimin n\u00eb distribucione t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb instaluara t\u00eb GNU\/Linux, duke sh\u00ebrbyer si nj\u00eb platform\u00eb p\u00ebr shp\u00ebrndarjen e aplikacioneve. P\u00ebrdoruesit ofrohen funksione si mbajtja e sh\u00ebnimeve t\u00eb var\u00ebsive, nd\u00ebrtimet e rip\u00ebrs\u00ebritura, puna pa root, rikthimi n\u00eb versionet e m\u00ebparshme n\u00eb rast problemesh, menaxhimi i konfigurimit, klonimi i mjediseve (krijimi i nj\u00eb kopjeje t\u00eb sakt\u00eb t\u00eb mjedisit t\u00eb aplikacioneve n\u00eb kompjuter\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb) dhe t\u00eb tjera.        <\/p>\n<p>T\u00eb rejat kryesore:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb realizuar mb\u00ebshtetje fillestare p\u00ebr arkitektur\u00ebn POWER9 (powerpc64le-linux).\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00c8 ofruar mund\u00ebsia e p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb modit deklarativ t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndarjes, ku n\u00eb vend t\u00eb nj\u00eb series komandash 'guix install' dhe 'guix remove' ekzekutohet nj\u00eb komand\u00eb e vetme 'guix package --manifest=manifest.scm' me p\u00ebrcaktimin n\u00eb skedarin manifest.scm t\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha aplikacioneve q\u00eb duhen instaluar. P\u00ebr krijimin e manifestit mbi baz\u00ebn e profilit t\u00eb instaluar, komanda 'guix package' ofron opsionet '--export-manifest' dhe '--export-channels'.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar opsioni p\u00ebr transformimin e paketave '--with-latest', i dobish\u00ebm p\u00ebr ata q\u00eb d\u00ebshirojn\u00eb t\u00eb ken\u00eb versionet m\u00eb t\u00eb reja t\u00eb aplikacioneve, edhe n\u00ebse p\u00ebr nj\u00eb aplikacion ende nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb krijuar nj\u00eb paket\u00eb e gatshme p\u00ebr Guix. Gjithashtu, \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar opsioni '--with-patch' p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrtimin e nj\u00eb serie paketash me aplikimin e nj\u00eb patch-i n\u00eb nj\u00eb ose disa prej tyre.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb komandat 'guix' \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar ndihma p\u00ebr rekomandime me propozime p\u00ebr z\u00ebvend\u00ebsime n\u00eb rast t\u00eb gabimeve ortografike ose kur ekzistojn\u00eb n\u00ebnkomanda alternative. $ guix package --export-manifests guix package: error: export-manifests: unrecognized option hint: Did you mean `export-manifest\u2019?\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb 'guix refresh' \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr shkarkimin e azhurnimeve nga host-i SourceForge, si dhe nj\u00eb sistem generic-html p\u00ebr marrjen e azhurnimeve nga faqja kryesore e projektit.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar nj\u00eb komand\u00eb e re 'guix import go' p\u00ebr importin rekurziv t\u00eb paketave n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn Go duke marr\u00eb parasysh var\u00ebsit\u00eb. N\u00eb komand\u00ebn 'guix import opam' \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr paketat Coq. N\u00eb 'guix import crate' \u00ebsht\u00eb siguruar p\u00ebrllogaritja e versioneve semantike n\u00eb modalitetin e shkarkimit rekurziv. Komanda 'guix import nix' \u00ebsht\u00eb hequr.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb optimizuar instalimi i paketave binare t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuara (substitute) dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrshpejtuar funksionimi i komand\u00ebs 'guix system init'.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb komand\u00ebn 'guix environment' \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar opsioni '--profile'.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb guix-daemon \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar opsioni '--discover' p\u00ebr t\u00eb zbuluar n\u00eb rrjetin lokal <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/server\/\"   title=\"servera\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"1581\">servera<\/a>, duke ofruar paketat binare t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuara (substitute) duke p\u00ebrdorur protokollet mDNS\/DNS-SD. P\u00ebr d\u00ebrgimin e njoftimeve nga server\u00ebt, n\u00eb komand\u00ebn 'guix publish' \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar opsioni '--advertise'.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb realizuar mund\u00ebsia e p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb algoritmit Zstd p\u00ebr komprimimin e pakove.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb modalitetin '--verbosity=1' \u00ebsht\u00eb ndaluar shfaqja e URL-ve t\u00eb shkarkuara.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb vend t\u00eb n\u00ebnkomandave 'disk-image' dhe 'vm-image' \u00ebsht\u00eb propozuar nj\u00eb komand\u00eb e p\u00ebrgjithshme 'guix system image'.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb imazhin e distribucionit p\u00ebr <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/vps\/\"   title=\"makinave virtuale\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"2056\">makinave virtuale<\/a> u shtua mb\u00ebshtetja p\u00ebr protokollin SPICE.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb skriptin e instalimit \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar moda e instalimit automatik.\n<li class=\"l\"> Shtuar sh\u00ebrbimin lvm-device-mapping p\u00ebr mb\u00ebshtetje t\u00eb menaxherit t\u00eb volumeve LVM (Linux Logical Volume Manager).\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar nj\u00eb sistem 'guix system image -t rock64-raw' p\u00ebr gjenerimin e imazheve t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndarjes p\u00ebr pllakat Rock64.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb initrd p\u00ebr default \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr bcachefs.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb serverin e shtypjes CUPS, sh\u00ebrbimi 'brlaser' \u00ebsht\u00eb aktivizuar si default p\u00ebr mb\u00ebshtetje t\u00eb printuesve Brother.    <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\">  Shtuar sh\u00ebrbime t\u00eb reja sistemike agate, cuirass-remote-worker, ipfs, keepalived, laminar, radicale, syncthing, transmission-daemon, wireguard, xorg-server.        <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebrdit\u00ebsuar versionet e programeve n\u00eb 3100 paketa, shtuar 2009 paketa t\u00eb reja. P\u00ebrfshir\u00eb versionet e azhurnuara t\u00eb gcc 10.3.0, glibc 2.31, GNOME 3.34.5, gnupg 2.2.27, go 1.14.15, guile 3.0.5, icecat 78.10.0-guix0-preview1, icedtea 3.7.0, inkscape 1.0.2, julia 1.5.3, libreoffice 6.4.7.2, linux-libre 5.11.15, ocaml 4.11.1, octave 6.2.0, openjdk 14.0, python 3.8.2, racket 8.0, rust 1.51.0, r 4.0.4, sbcl 2.1.3, Xfce 4.16.0 dhe xorg-server 1.20.10.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb eliminuar nj\u00eb dob\u00ebsi CVE-2021-27851 n\u00eb guix-daemon, e cila lejonte nj\u00eb p\u00ebrdorues lokal t\u00eb rris\u00eb privilegjet e tij n\u00eb sistem. Problemi ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb me faktin se gjat\u00eb ekzekutimit t\u00eb komand\u00ebs 'guix build', direktori i nd\u00ebrtimit mbetej i aksesuesh\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb p\u00ebr shkrim dhe p\u00ebrdoruesi mund t\u00eb krijonte nj\u00eb lidhje t\u00eb fort\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb skedar q\u00eb i p\u00ebrkiste p\u00ebrdoruesit root dhe ndodhej jasht\u00eb direktoris\u00eb s\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimit, p\u00ebr shembull, '\/etc\/shadow'. N\u00ebse gjat\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimit ishte p\u00ebrcaktuar opsioni '--keep-failed', at\u00ebher\u00eb n\u00eb rast d\u00ebshtimi guix-daemon nd\u00ebrronte pronarin p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb pem\u00ebn e nd\u00ebrtimit n\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesin aktual, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb lidhjet e forta.      <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>T\u00eb kujtojm\u00eb se menaxheri i paketave GNU Guix bazohet n\u00eb pun\u00ebn e projektit Nix dhe, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 funksioneve tipike t\u00eb menaxhimit t\u00eb paketave, mb\u00ebshtet mund\u00ebsi t\u00eb tilla si p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsime transaksionale, mund\u00ebsia e rikthimit t\u00eb p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimeve, funksionimi pa nevoj\u00ebn p\u00ebr privilegje superuser, mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr profile t\u00eb lidhura me p\u00ebrdorues t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb, mund\u00ebsin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb instaluar nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht disa versione t\u00eb nj\u00eb programi, si dhe mjetet p\u00ebr pastrimin e plehrave (identifikimin dhe heqjen e versioneve t\u00eb pa p\u00ebrdorura t\u00eb paketave). P\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar skenar\u00ebt e nd\u00ebrtimit t\u00eb aplikacioneve dhe rregullat e formimit t\u00eb paketave, rekomandohet p\u00ebrdorimi i nj\u00eb gjuhe t\u00eb specializuar t\u00eb orientuar kah temat dhe komponent\u00ebt Guile Scheme API, t\u00eb cilat lejojn\u00eb kryerjen e t\u00eb gjitha operacioneve t\u00eb menaxhimit t\u00eb paketave n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn funksionale t\u00eb programimit Scheme.       <\/p>\n<p>Mb\u00ebshtetet p\u00ebrdorimi i paketave t\u00eb p\u00ebrgatitura p\u00ebr menaxherin e paketave Nix dhe q\u00eb jan\u00eb vendosur n\u00eb depot Nixpkgs. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 operacioneve me paketa, \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur t\u00eb krijoni skenar\u00eb p\u00ebr menaxhimin e konfiguracionit t\u00eb aplikacioneve. Gjat\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimit t\u00eb paket\u00ebs, t\u00eb gjitha var\u00ebsit\u00eb e lidhura ngarkohen dhe ndodhen automatikisht. \u00cbsht\u00eb e mundur si shkarkimi i paketave t\u00eb gatshme binare nga depoja, ashtu edhe nd\u00ebrtimi nga kodet burimore me t\u00eb gjitha var\u00ebsit\u00eb. Jan\u00eb implementuar mjete p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbajtur versionet e programeve t\u00eb instaluara n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsuar p\u00ebrmes organizimit t\u00eb instalimit t\u00eb p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimeve nga nj\u00eb depo e jashtme.     <\/p>\n<p>Mjedisi i nd\u00ebrtimit p\u00ebr paketat formohet si nj\u00eb kontenier q\u00eb p\u00ebrmban t\u00eb gjitha komponent\u00ebt e nevojsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr funksionimin e aplikacioneve, duke lejuar formimin e nj\u00eb seti paketash q\u00eb mund t\u00eb funksionojn\u00eb pa ia m\u00ebsyr\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtjes s\u00eb ambientit themelor t\u00eb sistemit operues t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndarjes, ku Guix p\u00ebrdoret si shtes\u00eb. Midis paketave Guix \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur p\u00ebrcaktimi i var\u00ebsive, nd\u00ebrsa p\u00ebr t\u00eb k\u00ebrkuar p\u00ebr var\u00ebsi t\u00eb instaluara tashm\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret skanimi i hash-id e identifikuesve n\u00eb direktorin\u00eb e paketave t\u00eb instaluara. Paketat instalohen n\u00eb nj\u00eb pem\u00eb t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb drejtorish ose n\u00ebn-drejtori n\u00eb katalogun e p\u00ebrdoruesit, duke lejuar q\u00eb ato t\u00eb bashk\u00ebekzistojn\u00eb paralelisht me menaxher\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb paketash dhe duke siguruar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr nj\u00eb gam\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00eb shp\u00ebrndarjesh ekzistuese. P\u00ebr shembull, nj\u00eb paket\u00eb instalohet si \/nix\/store\/452a5978f3b0b426064a2b64a0c6f41-firefox-88.0.0\/, ku '452a59...' \u00ebsht\u00eb identifikuesi unik i paket\u00ebs, i p\u00ebrdorur p\u00ebr kontrollin e var\u00ebsive.       <\/p>\n<p>Distribucioni p\u00ebrfshin vet\u00ebm komponente t\u00eb lira dhe shoq\u00ebrohet me kernelin GNU Linux-Libre, t\u00eb pastruar nga elemente t\u00eb huaja t\u00eb binar\u00ebve. P\u00ebr nd\u00ebrtimin e p\u00ebrdorur GCC 9.3. Si sistem iniciative p\u00ebrdoret menaxheri i sh\u00ebrbimeve GNU Shepherd (dikur dmd), i zhvilluar si nj\u00eb alternativ\u00eb ndaj SysV-init me mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr var\u00ebsi. Demon menaxhues dhe mjetet e Shepherd jan\u00eb t\u00eb shkruara n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn Guile (nj\u00eb nga realizimet e gjuh\u00ebs Scheme), e cila gjithashtu p\u00ebrdoret p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar parametrat e nisjes s\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimeve. Imazhi baz\u00eb mb\u00ebshtet pun\u00ebn n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb konsol\u00eb, por jan\u00eb p\u00ebrgatitur 17243 paketa t\u00eb gatshme p\u00ebr instalimin, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb komponentet e grumbullit grafik t\u00eb bazuar n\u00eb X.Org, menaxher\u00ebt e dritareve dwm dhe ratpoison, nd\u00ebrfaqen grafike Xfce, si dhe nj\u00eb koleksion aplikacionesh grafike.<br \/>\n<br \/>Burimi: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=55142\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0421\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0440\u0430 GNU Guix 1.3 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 GNU\/Linux. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u044b \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430 USB Flash (610 \u041c\u0411) \u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 (972 \u041c\u0411). \u041f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0445 i686, x86_64, Power9, armv7 \u0438 aarch64. \u0414\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0432 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442 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