Brendan Gregg, nj\u00eb nga zhvilluesit e DTrace, tani duke avancuar mjete p\u00ebr analiz\u00ebn e performanc\u00ebs bazuar n\u00eb BPF n\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebn Linux, p\u00ebrmbledh p\u00ebrvoj\u00ebn q\u00eb u fitua gjat\u00eb zgjidhjes s\u00eb problemeve me performanc\u00ebn q\u00eb kompania Netflix p\u00ebrballi gjat\u00eb kalimit t\u00eb baz\u00ebs s\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave Cassandra nga CentOS n\u00eb Ubuntu n\u00eb ambientet q\u00eb funksiononin n\u00eb Amazon EC2 n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb Xen. Pas migrimit, ngarkesa n\u00eb CPU u rrit me 30% dhe nga aq sa ndodhi rritja e vonesave gjat\u00eb ekzekutimit t\u00eb operacioneve t\u00eb shkrimit. Si\u00e7 rezultoi, performanca e aplikacioneve q\u00eb k\u00ebrkonin informacion n\u00eb lidhje me koh\u00ebn varietet thell\u00ebsisht nga burimi i sakt\u00eb i koh\u00ebs i zgjedhur n\u00eb sistem. <\/p>\n
Fillimisht, shkaku i r\u00ebnies s\u00eb performanc\u00ebs nuk ishte i qart\u00eb dhe diagnostika filloi me ndjekjen e ndikimit t\u00eb mundsh\u00ebm t\u00eb proceseve sistemike q\u00eb konsumonin burime, t\u00eb cilat funksiononin vazhdimisht ose i fillonin sporadikisht, duke p\u00ebrdorur mjete si top dhe execsnoop. Por gjith\u00e7ka tregonte se konsumi i burimeve u rrit pik\u00ebrisht n\u00eb baz\u00ebn e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave Cassandra, e shkruar n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn Java. Krahasimi i treguesve t\u00eb profilizimit t\u00eb dy proceseve Cassandra, t\u00eb ekzekutuara paralelisht n\u00eb CentOS dhe Ubuntu dhe q\u00eb p\u00ebrpunonin t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtat k\u00ebrkesa, tregoi se rreth 32% e gjith\u00eb koh\u00ebs kalonte n\u00eb thirrjen e os::javaTimeMillis(), e cila p\u00ebrdoret p\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb informacion rreth koh\u00ebs aktuale. <\/p>\n
Pas k\u00ebsaj, u realizua nj\u00eb eksperiment, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin u shkrua nj\u00eb aplikacion i thjesht\u00eb n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn Java, i cili n\u00eb nj\u00eb cik\u00ebl th\u00ebrret nj\u00ebqind milion her\u00eb metod\u00ebn System.currentTimeMillis(). Nisja e aplikacionit tregoi se n\u00eb CentOS p\u00ebr ekzekutimin e tij nevojiteshin 13 sekonda, nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb Ubuntu \u2014 rreth 68 sekonda, dmth, pes\u00eb her\u00eb m\u00eb ngadal\u00eb. N\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn C u shkrua nj\u00eb program i ngjash\u00ebm, i cili nj\u00ebqind milion her\u00eb th\u00ebrret funksionin gettimeofday(), por gjat\u00eb ekzekutimit t\u00eb tij u mor\u00ebn rezultate t\u00eb ngjashme. <\/p>\n
Meqen\u00ebse u b\u00eb e qart\u00eb se burimi i problemit \u00ebsht\u00eb funksioni i kthimit t\u00eb koh\u00ebs aktuale, v\u00ebmendja u p\u00ebrqendrua n\u00eb ndryshimin e shenjuesve kur zgjidheshin burime t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb sakt\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb koh\u00ebs n\u00eb sistem. Sipas p\u00ebrmbajtjes s\u00eb \"\/sys\/devices\/system\/clocksource\/clocksource0\/current_clocksource\" me default, gjat\u00eb nisjes s\u00eb Linux n\u00eb sistemin mik, u p\u00ebrdor ora \"xen\". Pasi u ndryshua burimi i koh\u00ebs n\u00eb \"tsc\", koha e ekzekutimit t\u00eb aplikacionit t\u00eb testit n\u00eb Ubuntu u ul nga 68 n\u00eb 3.3 sekonda, dmth, u b\u00eb 20 her\u00eb m\u00eb e shpejt\u00eb. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, u krye nj\u00eb test i performanc\u00ebs s\u00eb burimit t\u00eb koh\u00ebs kvm-clock, i cili tregoi rritje t\u00eb vonesave prej 20%, krahasuar me TSC. $ cat \/sys\/devices\/system\/clocksource\/clocksource0\/available_clocksource xen tsc hpet acpi_pm $ cat \/sys\/devices\/system\/clocksource\/clocksource0\/current_clocksource xen $ time java TimeBench real 1m8.300s user 0m38.337s sys 0m29.875s $ echo tsc > \/sys\/devices\/system\/clocksource\/clocksource0\/current_clocksource $ time java TimeBench real 0m3.370s user 0m3.353s sys 0m0.026s <\/p>\n
P\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb koh\u00ebn duke zgjedhur burimin TSC, p\u00ebrdoret instruksioni i procesorit RDTSC, ekzekutimi i t\u00eb cilit nuk k\u00ebrkon kryerjen e nj\u00eb thirrjeje t\u00eb sistemit (instruksioni nuk k\u00ebrkon privilegje t\u00eb larta dhe jep nj\u00eb vler\u00eb nga num\u00ebruesi i koh\u00ebs t\u00eb integruar n\u00eb CPU). N\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb default, TSC nuk aktivizohet pasi n\u00eb t\u00eb kaluar\u00ebn ky burim nuk p\u00ebrjashtonte drifti gradual t\u00eb koh\u00ebs, i cili n\u00eb trajtues t\u00eb tjer\u00eb korrigjohet n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb softuerike p\u00ebr t\u00eb arritur lexime m\u00eb t\u00eb sakta. Sipas nj\u00eb inxhinieri q\u00eb specializohet n\u00eb zhvillimin e procesor\u00ebve, shqet\u00ebsimet mbi shkarjet e koh\u00ebs duke p\u00ebrdorur TSC p\u00ebr nj\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb nuk jan\u00eb m\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje me realitetin dhe procesor\u00ebt modern\u00eb<\/a> ky burim mund t\u00eb jap\u00eb tregues t\u00eb q\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm p\u00ebr vite me radh\u00eb. <\/p>\n P\u00ebrkthimi i pun\u00ebs server\u00ebsh<\/a> n\u00eb Netflix, kalimi n\u00eb burimin TSC \u00e7oi n\u00eb uljen e vonesave gjat\u00eb shkrimit me 43% dhe arritjen e rezultateve, duke p\u00ebrdorur Ubuntu, q\u00eb tejkalonin kat\u00ebr her\u00eb konfigurimin me CentOS me burimin e koh\u00ebs \"xen\". Rezultatet e k\u00ebrkimit t\u00eb kryer iu transmetuan kompanis\u00eb Amazon, e cila rekomandoi zyrtarisht n\u00eb ambientet AWS EC2 t\u00eb bazuara n\u00eb hipervizorin Xen p\u00ebrdorimin si burim t\u00eb koh\u00ebs TSC me default (n\u00eb ambientet e bazuara n\u00eb hipervizorin Nitro vijon t\u00eb rekomandohet kvm-clock). \u0411\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0430\u043d \u0413\u0440\u0435\u0433 (Brendan Gregg), \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0438\u0437 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 DTrace, \u043d\u044b\u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0435 BPF \u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0435 Linux, \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0438\u043b \u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432 \u0445\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e, \u0441 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Netflix \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043a\u043d\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u0421\u0423\u0411\u0414 Cassandra c CentOS \u043d\u0430 Ubuntu \u0432 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445, \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u043a\u0435 Amazon EC2 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0435 Xen. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043c\u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0430 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-101444","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47 Analiza e ndikimeve n\u00eb performanc\u00ebn e burimit t\u00eb zgjedhur t\u00eb koh\u00ebs n\u00eb sistem | ProHoster","description":"Brendan Gregg, nj\u00eb nga zhvilluesit e DTrace, tani po zhvillon mjete p\u00ebr analiz\u00ebn e performanc\u00ebs bazuar n\u00eb BPF n\u00eb kernin Linux, p\u00ebrmbledh p\u00ebrvoj\u00ebn e fituar gjat\u00eb analiz\u00ebs s\u00eb problemeve me 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Burimi: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"