{"id":102190,"date":"2021-11-02T21:36:39","date_gmt":"2021-11-02T19:36:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/reliz-yadra-linux-5-15"},"modified":"2021-11-02T21:36:39","modified_gmt":"2021-11-02T19:36:39","slug":"reliz-yadra-linux-5-15","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/news\/reliz-yadra-linux-5-15","title":{"rendered":"\u00c7lirimi i b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs Linux 5.15","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Pas dy muaj zhvillimi, Linus Torvalds paraqiti l\u00ebshimin e b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs Linux 5.15. Nd\u00ebr ndryshimet m\u00eb t\u00eb dukshme: nj\u00eb driver NTFS me mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr shkruarje, moduli ksmbd me implementimin e serverit SMB, n\u00ebn-sistemi DAMON p\u00ebr monitorimin e aksesit n\u00eb memorie, primitiv\u00ebt e bllokimit p\u00ebr modulet n\u00eb koh\u00eb reale, mb\u00ebshtetje fs-verity n\u00eb Btrfs, thirja e sistemit process_mrelease p\u00ebr sistemet q\u00eb reagojn\u00eb ndaj munges\u00ebs s\u00eb memories, dhe moduli i atestimit t\u00eb larg\u00ebt dm-ima.        <\/p>\n<p>Versioni e reja p\u00ebrmban 13499 korrigjime nga 1888 zhvillues, madh\u00ebsia e patch-it \u00ebsht\u00eb 42 MB (ndryshimet p\u00ebrfshin\u00eb 10895 skeda, jan\u00eb shtuar 632522 rreshta kodi, jan\u00eb fshir\u00eb 299966 rreshta). Rreth 45% e t\u00eb gjitha ndryshimeve t\u00eb paraqitura n\u00eb 5.15 lidhen me drejtuesit e pajisjeve, rreth 14% e ndryshimeve kan\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb me p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimin e kodit specifik p\u00ebr arkitektur\u00ebn harduerike, 14% lidhen me stekun rrjetit, 6% me sisteme skedash dhe 3% me sistemet e brendshme t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs.      <\/p>\n<p>Novitetet kryesore:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Sistemi i disqeve, hyrja\/ dalje dhe sistemet e skedar\u00ebve<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb pranuar nj\u00eb implementim i ri i sistemit t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve NTFS, i hapur nga kompania Paragon Software. Driveri i ri mund t\u00eb punoj\u00eb n\u00eb modin e shkruarjes dhe mb\u00ebshtet t\u00eb gjitha mund\u00ebsit\u00eb e versionit aktual NTFS 3.1, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb atributet e zgjeruara t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve, listat e aksesit (ACL), modin e kompresimit t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, pun\u00ebn efikase me boshll\u00ebqet n\u00eb skedar\u00eb (sparse) dhe riprodhimin e ndryshimeve nga shqiponja p\u00ebr rikuperimin e integritetit pas d\u00ebshtimeve.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb sistemin e skedar\u00ebve Btrfs \u00ebsht\u00eb implementuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr mekanizmin fs-verity, i aplikuar p\u00ebr kontrollin e qart\u00eb t\u00eb integritetit dhe autenticitetit t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb sipas hash-eve apo \u00e7el\u00ebsave kriptografik\u00eb t\u00eb asociuar me skedar\u00ebt, t\u00eb ruajtur n\u00eb zonat e metadatat. M\u00eb par\u00eb, fs-verity ishte i disponuesh\u00ebm vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr sistemet e skedar\u00ebve Ext4 dhe F2fs.\n<p>N\u00eb Btrfs gjithashtu \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr mapimin e identifikuesve t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesve p\u00ebr sistemet e skedar\u00ebve t\u00eb montuara (m\u00eb par\u00eb ishte mb\u00ebshtetur p\u00ebr sistemet e skedar\u00ebve FAT, ext4 dhe XFS). Kjo mund\u00ebsi lejon lidhjen e skedar\u00ebve t\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesi n\u00eb nj\u00eb ndarje t\u00eb huaj t\u00eb montuar me nj\u00eb p\u00ebrdorues tjet\u00ebr n\u00eb sistemin aktual.   <\/p>\n<p>Nd\u00ebr ndryshimet e tjera n\u00eb Btrfs: p\u00ebrshpejtimi i shtimit t\u00eb \u00e7el\u00ebsave n\u00eb indeksin e dosjes p\u00ebr t\u00eb rritur performanc\u00ebn e krijimit t\u00eb skedave; mund\u00ebsia e pun\u00ebs raid0 me nj\u00eb pajisje, dhe raid10 me dy (p\u00ebr shembull, n\u00eb procesin e rirregullimit t\u00eb grupit); opsioni \u2018rescue=ibadroots\u2019 p\u00ebr t\u00eb injoruar pem\u00ebn e ekstent\u00ebve t\u00eb pap\u00ebrshtatsh\u00ebm; p\u00ebrshpejtimi i operacionit \u2018send\u2019; ulja e konflikteve t\u00eb bllokimeve gjat\u00eb operacioneve t\u00eb rinaming; mund\u00ebsia e p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb sektor\u00ebve 4K n\u00eb sisteme me madh\u00ebsin\u00eb e faqes s\u00eb memories 64K.        <\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb XFS \u00ebsht\u00eb stabilizuar mund\u00ebsia e p\u00ebrdorimit n\u00eb FS datave pas vitit 2038. \u00cbsht\u00eb zbatuar mekanizmi i deaktivizimit t\u00eb vonuar t\u00eb inode dhe mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr vendosjen dhe fshirjen e vonuar t\u00eb atributeve t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve. Me q\u00ebllim p\u00ebrjashtimin e problemeve, \u00ebsht\u00eb hequr mund\u00ebsia e \u00e7aktivizimit t\u00eb kuotave t\u00eb diskut p\u00ebr ndarjet q\u00eb jan\u00eb tashm\u00eb t\u00eb montuara (kuotat mund t\u00eb \u00e7aktivizohen me forc\u00eb, por llogaritja e lidhur do t\u00eb vazhdoj\u00eb, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb \u00e7aktivizim t\u00eb plot\u00eb k\u00ebrkohet rikmontim).\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb EXT4 \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb pun\u00eb p\u00ebr rritjen e performanc\u00ebs s\u00eb shkrimeve t\u00eb bufereve delalloc dhe p\u00ebrpunimin e skedar\u00ebve t\u00eb mbetur (orphan) q\u00eb vazhdojn\u00eb t\u00eb ekzistojn\u00eb p\u00ebr shkak se ato mbeten t\u00eb hapura, por pa lidhje me dosjen. P\u00ebrpunimi i operacioneve discard \u00ebsht\u00eb desplazhuar nga rrjedha jbd2 kthread p\u00ebr t\u00eb shmangur bllokimet e operacioneve me metadatat.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb F2FS \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar opsioni \u2018discard_unit=block|segment|section\u2019 p\u00ebr lidhjen e operacioneve t\u00eb discard (etiketimi i bllokave t\u00eb lir\u00eb q\u00eb nuk mund t\u00eb ruhen fizikisht m\u00eb) me rregullimin n\u00eb lidhje me bllokun, sektorin, segmentin ose seksionin. Shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr ndjekjen e ndryshimeve n\u00eb vonesat gjat\u00eb hyrjes\/daljes.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb sistemin e skedar\u00ebve EROFS (Sistemi i Skedar\u00ebve t\u00eb Zgjeruesh\u00ebm t\u00eb Lexuesh\u00ebm) \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr hyrje\/dalje t\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrdrejt\u00eb p\u00ebr skedar\u00ebt e ruajtur pa kompresim, si dhe mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr fiemap.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb OverlayFS \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar trajtimi korrekte i flamujve t\u00eb montimit \u2018immutable\u2019, \u2018append-only\u2019, \u2018sync\u2019 dhe \u2018noatime\u2019.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb NFS \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar p\u00ebrpunimi i situatave kur serveri NFS ka ndaluar s\u00eb p\u00ebrgjiguri. \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar mund\u00ebsia e montimit nga nj\u00eb adres\u00eb tjet\u00ebr rrjetore q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb tani e p\u00ebrdorur <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/server\/dts-los-angeles\/\"   title=\"server\u00eb\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"3763\">server\u00eb<\/a>, por e aksesueshme p\u00ebrmes nj\u00eb adrese tjet\u00ebr rrjetore.\n<li class=\"l\"> Ka filluar p\u00ebrgatitja p\u00ebr riprogramimin e n\u00ebn-sistemit FSCACHE.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr ndarjet EFI me vendosje jo-standard t\u00eb tabelave GPT.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb mekanizmin fanotify \u00ebsht\u00eb implementuar nj\u00eb flamur i ri FAN_REPORT_PIDFD, q\u00eb \u00e7on n\u00eb sh\u00ebnimin e pidfd n\u00eb mesin e metadatave t\u00eb kthimit. Pidfd ndihmon n\u00eb trajtimin e situatave me rip\u00ebrdorimin e PID p\u00ebr nj\u00eb identifikim m\u00eb t\u00eb sakt\u00eb t\u00eb proceseve q\u00eb i qasen skedar\u00ebve t\u00eb ndjekur (pidfd lidhet me nj\u00eb proces t\u00eb caktuar dhe nuk nd\u00ebrron, nd\u00ebrsa PID mund t\u00eb lidhet me nj\u00eb proces tjet\u00ebr pas p\u00ebrfundimit t\u00eb procesit aktual q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb asociuar me k\u00ebt\u00eb PID).\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb thirrjen sistemike move_mount() \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mund\u00ebsia e shtimit t\u00eb pikave t\u00eb montimit n\u00eb grupe ekzistuese t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebta, q\u00eb zgjidh problemet me ruajtjen dhe rikthimin e gjendjes s\u00eb proceseve n\u00eb mjetin CRIU n\u00eb prani t\u00eb disa hap\u00ebsirave t\u00eb montimit q\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren n\u00eb en\u00eb t\u00eb izoluara.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar mbrojtja nga gjendjet e fshehta t\u00eb gar\u00ebs, t\u00eb cilat potencialisht mund t\u00eb \u00e7onin n\u00eb d\u00ebmtimin e skedar\u00ebve gjat\u00eb leximit nga cache gjat\u00eb p\u00ebrpunimit t\u00eb boshll\u00ebqeve n\u00eb skedar.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb nd\u00ebrprer\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetja p\u00ebr bllokimet e detyrueshme (mandatory) t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve, t\u00eb realizuara p\u00ebrmes bllokimeve t\u00eb thirrjeve sistemike q\u00eb \u00e7onin n\u00eb ndryshimin e skedarit. P\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb gjendjeve t\u00eb mundshme t\u00eb gar\u00ebs, k\u00ebto bllokime jan\u00eb konsideruar t\u00eb paq\u00ebndrueshme dhe shum\u00eb vite m\u00eb par\u00eb jan\u00eb shpallur t\u00eb vjetra.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb hequr n\u00ebn-sistemi LightNVM, i cili mund\u00ebsonte akses t\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrdrejt\u00eb n\u00eb SSD, duke e anashkaluar shtres\u00ebn e simulimit. LightNVM ka humbur r\u00ebnd\u00ebsin\u00eb e tij pas shfaqjes s\u00eb standardeve NVMe q\u00eb parashikojn\u00eb mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e zonimit (ZNS, Zoned Namespace).                      <\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Memorie dhe sh\u00ebrbime sistemike<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb realizuar n\u00ebn-sistemi DAMON (Data Access MONitor), i cili lejon t\u00eb monitorohet aktiviteti i lidhur me aksesin n\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat n\u00eb memorie, n\u00eb lidhje me procesin e zgjedhur q\u00eb punon n\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn e p\u00ebrdoruesit. N\u00ebn-sistemi lejon analizimin e cilave sakt\u00ebsisht zona t\u00eb memories iu qas procesi gjat\u00eb gjith\u00eb koh\u00ebs s\u00eb pun\u00ebs s\u00eb tij, dhe cilat zona t\u00eb memories mbet\u00ebn t\u00eb pap\u00ebrdorura. Nga karakteristikat e DAMON theksohet ngarkesa e ul\u00ebt n\u00eb CPU, konsum i vog\u00ebl i memories, sakt\u00ebsia e lart\u00eb dhe shpenzimet e p\u00ebrhershme t\u00eb parashikueshme, t\u00eb cilat nuk varen nga madh\u00ebsia. N\u00ebn-sistemi mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret si nga b\u00ebrthama p\u00ebr optimizimin e menaxhimit t\u00eb memories, ashtu edhe nga mjetet n\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn e p\u00ebrdoruesit p\u00ebr t\u00eb kuptuar se \u00e7far\u00eb b\u00ebn procesa dhe p\u00ebr optimizimin e p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb memories, p\u00ebr shembull, lirimin e memories s\u00eb tep\u00ebrt p\u00ebr sistemin.\n<li class=\"l\"> E \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar nj\u00eb thirrje sistemike process_mrelease, e cila lejon p\u00ebrshpejtimin e procesit t\u00eb lirimit t\u00eb memories nga nj\u00eb proces q\u00eb p\u00ebrfundon. N\u00eb kushte normale, lirimi i burimeve dhe p\u00ebrfundimi i procesit nuk kryhet menj\u00ebher\u00eb dhe p\u00ebr arsye t\u00eb ndryshme mund t\u00eb vonohet, gj\u00eb q\u00eb pengon funksionimin e sistemeve t\u00eb hershme t\u00eb reagimit n\u00eb munges\u00ebn e memories, si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb oomd (e ofruar n\u00eb systemd) dhe lmkd (p\u00ebrdoret n\u00eb Android). Me an\u00eb t\u00eb thirrjes process_mrelease, k\u00ebto sisteme mund t\u00eb fillojn\u00eb m\u00eb me parashikueshm\u00ebri kthimin e memories nga proceset q\u00eb p\u00ebrfundojn\u00eb me forc\u00eb.\n<li class=\"l\"> Nga dega e b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs PREEMPT_RT, ku zhvillohet mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr pun\u00ebn n\u00eb modin e realizimit n\u00eb koh\u00eb reale, jan\u00eb transferuar variantet e primitiveve p\u00ebr organizimin e bllokimeve mutex, ww_mutex, rw_semaphore, spinlock dhe rwlock, t\u00eb bazuara n\u00eb n\u00ebn-sistemin RT-Mutex. N\u00eb alokatorin SLUB slab jan\u00eb shtuar ndryshime q\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsojn\u00eb funksionimin n\u00eb modin PREEMPT_RT dhe reduktojn\u00eb ndikimin n\u00eb nd\u00ebrprerje.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb cgroup \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr atributin e planifikuesit t\u00eb detyrave SCHED_IDLE, duke lejuar q\u00eb ky atribut t\u00eb ofrohet menj\u00ebher\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjitha proceset e grupit q\u00eb p\u00ebrfshihen n\u00eb nj\u00eb cgroup t\u00eb caktuar. K\u00ebto procese do t\u00eb fillojn\u00eb vet\u00ebm kur n\u00eb sistem nuk ka detyra t\u00eb tjera q\u00eb presin p\u00ebr t'u kryer. Ndryshe nga vendosja e atributit SCHED_IDLE p\u00ebr secilin proces ve\u00e7 e ve\u00e7, lidhja e SCHED_IDLE me cgroup merr parasysh pesha relative e detyrave brenda grupit kur zgjedh nj\u00eb detyr\u00eb p\u00ebr t'u ekzekutuar.\n<li class=\"l\"> Mekanizmi i mbajtjes s\u00eb regjistrimeve t\u00eb konsumit t\u00eb memories n\u00eb cgroup \u00ebsht\u00eb zgjeruar me mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e monitorimit t\u00eb strukturave t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb ato q\u00eb krijohen p\u00ebr poll-im, trajtimin e sinjaleve dhe hap\u00ebsirat emr.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr planifikimin asimetrik t\u00eb lidhjes s\u00eb detyrave me b\u00ebrthamat e procesor\u00ebve n\u00eb arkitektur\u00eb, ku disa CPU lejojn\u00eb ekzekutimin e detyrave 32-bit, nd\u00ebrsa disa punojn\u00eb vet\u00ebm n\u00eb modin 64-bit (p.sh., ARM). Re\u017eimi i ri lejon q\u00eb gjat\u00eb planifikimit t\u00eb ekzekutimit t\u00eb detyrave 32-bit t\u00eb merren parasysh vet\u00ebm CPU-t\u00eb q\u00eb mb\u00ebshtesin detyrat 32-bit.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb nd\u00ebrfaqen e hyrjes\/izbrazjes asinkrone io_uring \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr hapjen e skedareve menj\u00ebher\u00eb n\u00eb tabel\u00ebn e indekseve fixed-file, pa p\u00ebrdorur nj\u00eb deshifrim skedari, gj\u00eb q\u00eb lejon nj\u00eb p\u00ebrshpejtim t\u00eb duksh\u00ebm t\u00eb disa llojeve t\u00eb operacioneve, por \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtim me procesin tradicional t\u00eb Unix p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdorimin e deshifrimeve t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve p\u00ebr hapjen e skedareve.\n<p>N\u00eb io_uring p\u00ebr n\u00ebnfundin BIO (Bllok I\/O Layer) \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar nj\u00eb mekaniz\u00ebm i ri riciklimit t\u00eb BIO-t, q\u00eb lejon uljen e shpenzimeve gjat\u00eb menaxhimit t\u00eb memorjes s\u00eb brendshme dhe rreth 10% rrit numrin e operacioneve t\u00eb hyrjes\/daljes n\u00eb sekond\u00eb. N\u00eb io_uring \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar gjithashtu mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr thirrjet sistemike mkdirat(), symlinkat() dhe linkat().    <\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebr programet BPF \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar mund\u00ebsia p\u00ebr t\u00eb k\u00ebrkuar dhe procesuar ngjarje t\u00eb or\u00ebs. \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar nj\u00eb iterues p\u00ebr soketet UNIX, si dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar mund\u00ebsia p\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb dhe vendosur opsione p\u00ebr soketet p\u00ebr setsockopt. N\u00eb BTF dumper \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr t\u00eb dh\u00ebna t\u00eb tipizuara.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb sistemet NUMA me lloje t\u00eb ndryshme memories, t\u00eb cilat ndryshojn\u00eb n\u00eb performanc\u00eb, n\u00eb situat\u00ebn e shterimit t\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00ebs s\u00eb lir\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar trasferimi i faqeve t\u00eb d\u00ebbuara t\u00eb memories nga memoria dinamike (DRAM) n\u00eb memorien m\u00eb t\u00eb ngadalshme t\u00eb p\u00ebrhershme (Persistent Memory) n\u00eb vend t\u00eb fshirjes s\u00eb k\u00ebtyre faqeve. Testet kan\u00eb treguar se nj\u00eb taktik\u00eb e till\u00eb zakonisht p\u00ebrmir\u00ebson performanc\u00ebn n\u00eb k\u00ebto sisteme. P\u00ebr NUMA gjithashtu \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar mund\u00ebsia e alokimit t\u00eb faqeve t\u00eb memories p\u00ebr procesin nga nj\u00eb grup i zgjedhur i nyjave NUMA.\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebr arkitektur\u00ebn ARC \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr tabela faqeje me tre dhe kat\u00ebr nivele, gj\u00eb q\u00eb m\u00eb von\u00eb do t\u00eb lejoj\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr procesor\u00ebt 64-bit ARC.\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebr arkitektur\u00ebn s390 \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar mund\u00ebsia e aplikimit t\u00eb mekanizmit KFENCE p\u00ebr zbulimin e gabimeve gjat\u00eb pun\u00ebs me memory, si dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr detektorin e gjendjeve t\u00eb gar\u00ebs KCSAN.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr indeksimin e list\u00ebs s\u00eb mesazheve q\u00eb nxirren p\u00ebrmes printk(), e cila lejon nxjerrjen e menj\u00ebhershme t\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebtyre mesazheve dhe ndjekjen e ndryshimeve n\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn e p\u00ebrdoruesit.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb mmap() \u00ebsht\u00eb nd\u00ebrprer\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetja p\u00ebr opsionin VM_DENYWRITE, dhe kodi i b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb \u00e7liruar nga p\u00ebrdorimi i modit MAP_DENYWRITE, duke reduktuar numrin e situatave q\u00eb \u00e7ojn\u00eb n\u00eb bllokimin e shkrimit n\u00eb skedarin me gabim ETXTBSY.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb n\u00ebnfundin e gjurmimit \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar nj\u00eb tip i ri kontrollesh \u2018Event probes\u2019, t\u00eb cilat mund t\u00eb bashk\u00ebngjiten me ngjarjet ekzistuese t\u00eb gjurmimit, duke p\u00ebrcaktuar formatin e vet t\u00eb daljes.\n<li class=\"l\"> Tani, kur nd\u00ebrroni b\u00ebrtham\u00ebn me p\u00ebrdorimin e kompiluesit Clang, assembler-i i integruar nga projekti LLVM aktivizohet si parazgjedhje.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb kuad\u00ebr t\u00eb projektit p\u00ebr t\u00eb hequr kodin nga b\u00ebrthama q\u00eb shkakton k\u00ebshilla nga kompilator\u00ebt, \u00ebsht\u00eb kryer nj\u00eb eksperiment p\u00ebr aktivizimin e m\u00ebnyr\u00ebs &#171;-Werror&#187; si opsion i paracaktuar, ku k\u00ebshillat e kompilatorit trajtohen si gabime. Gjat\u00eb p\u00ebrgatitjes s\u00eb versionit 5.15, Linusi filloi t\u00eb pranoj\u00eb vet\u00ebm ndryshime q\u00eb nuk shkaktojn\u00eb k\u00ebshilla gjat\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimit t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs dhe aktivizoi nd\u00ebrtimin me &#171;-Werror&#187;, por m\u00eb von\u00eb pranoi mendimin se kjo ishte para kohe dhe e shtyu aktivizimin e &#171;-Werror&#187; si opsion t\u00eb paracaktuar. Aktivizimi i flak\u00ebs &#171;-Werror&#187; gjat\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimit b\u00ebhet p\u00ebrmes parametrave WERROR, i cili sipas parazgjedhjes \u00ebsht\u00eb caktuar n\u00eb vler\u00ebn COMPILE_TEST, dometh\u00ebn\u00eb aktivizohet vet\u00ebm n\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimet testuese.                    <\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Virtualizimi dhe siguria<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb Device Mapper (DM) \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar nj\u00eb trajtues i ri dm-ima me implementimin e mekanizmit t\u00eb attestimit t\u00eb larg\u00ebt n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb n\u00ebn-sistemit IMA (Arkitektura e Matjes s\u00eb Integritetit), q\u00eb i lejon nj\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimi t\u00eb jasht\u00ebm t\u00eb verifikoj\u00eb gjendjen e n\u00ebn-sistemit t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs p\u00ebr t'u siguruar p\u00ebr autenticitetin e tyre. N\u00eb praktik\u00eb, dm-ima lejon krijimin e ruajtjeve lidhur me sistemet e jashtme t\u00eb cloud-it p\u00ebrmes Device Mapper, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat p\u00ebrmes IMA verifikohet besueshm\u00ebria e konfigurimeve t\u00eb aktivizuara DM target.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb prctl() \u00ebsht\u00eb implementuar nj\u00eb opsion i ri PR_SPEC_L1D_FLUSH, me aktivizimin e t\u00eb cilit b\u00ebrthama fillon t\u00eb pastronte p\u00ebrmbajtjen e caches t\u00eb nivelit t\u00eb par\u00eb (L1D) \u00e7do her\u00eb q\u00eb ndodh nj\u00eb nd\u00ebrrim konteksti. Ky mod lejon zbatim t\u00eb mbrojtjes shtes\u00eb se\u00e7 selektive p\u00ebr proceset m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme nga sulmet nga kanale t\u00eb jashtme, q\u00eb kryhen p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e vendosura n\u00eb cache si rezultat i vulnerabiliteteve t\u00eb shkaktuara nga ekzekutimi spekulativ i instrukcioneve n\u00eb CPU. \u00c7mimi i aktivizimit t\u00eb PR_SPEC_L1D_FLUSH (i cili nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb aktivizuar si parazgjedhje) \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb ulje e konsiderueshme e performanc\u00ebs.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb realizuar mund\u00ebsia e nd\u00ebrtimit t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs me shtimin e flamurit n\u00eb GCC &#171;-fzero-call-used-regs=used-gpr&#187;, q\u00eb siguron zerozimin e t\u00eb gjith\u00eb regjistrave para se t\u00eb kthehet kontrolli nga funksioni. Kjo mund\u00ebsi lejon mbrojtjen nga rrjedhja e informacionit nga funksionet dhe redukton numrin e blloqeve t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatshme p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrtimin e ROP-gadget\u00ebve (Return-Oriented Programming) n\u00eb eksploite me 20%.\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebrfshihet mund\u00ebsia e nd\u00ebrtimit t\u00eb b\u00ebrthamave p\u00ebr arkitektur\u00ebn ARM64 si klient\u00eb p\u00ebr hipervizorin Hyper-V.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb propozuar nj\u00eb korniz\u00eb e re p\u00ebr zhvillimin e drejtp\u00ebrdrejt\u00ebve &#171;VDUSE&#187;, e cila lejon realizimin e pajisjeve virtuale t\u00eb bllokut n\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn e p\u00ebrdoruesit dhe p\u00ebrdorimin e Virtio si transport p\u00ebr aksesin nga sistemet mysafire.\n<li class=\"l\"> Shtohet nj\u00eb driver Virtio p\u00ebr autobusin I2C, i cili mund\u00ebson emulimin e kontrollor\u00ebve I2C n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn e paravirualizimit duke p\u00ebrdorur backend t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb.\n<li class=\"l\"> Shtohet driveri Virtio gpio-virtio, i cili lejon sistemet mysafir t\u00eb ken\u00eb akses n\u00eb vijat GPIO, t\u00eb ofruara nga sistemi host.\n<li class=\"l\"> Shtohet mund\u00ebsia e kufizimit t\u00eb aksesit n\u00eb faqet e memories p\u00ebr drivere t\u00eb pajisjeve me mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr DMA n\u00eb sisteme pa I\/O MMU (nj\u00ebsin\u00eb e menaxhimit t\u00eb memories).\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb hipervizorin KVM implementohet mund\u00ebsia e nxjerrjes s\u00eb statistikave n\u00eb form\u00ebn e histogram\u00ebve linear\u00eb dhe logarizmik\u00eb.          <\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Sistemi rrjetor<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebrje t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar moduli ksmbd me realizimin e nj\u00eb serveri t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve q\u00eb p\u00ebrdor protokollin SMB3. Ky modul plot\u00ebson realizimin e m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm t\u00eb klientit SMB n\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00eb dhe, n\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtim me serverin SMB q\u00eb punon n\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn e p\u00ebrdoruesit, \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb efikas nga pik\u00ebpamja e performanc\u00ebs, konsumit t\u00eb memories dhe integrimit me funksionalitetet e avancuara t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs. Ksmbd paraqitet si nj\u00eb zgjidhje me performanc\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb dhe e gatshme p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdorim n\u00eb pajisje t\u00eb integruara, e cila, kur \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme, mund t\u00eb integrohet me mjetet dhe bibliotekat Samba. Nj\u00eb nga mund\u00ebsit\u00eb e ksmbd \u00ebsht\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetje e p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar p\u00ebr teknologjin\u00eb e shp\u00ebrndarjes s\u00eb integruar t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve (SMB leases) n\u00eb sistemet lokale, e cila lejon nj\u00eb reduktim t\u00eb konsideruesh\u00ebm t\u00eb trafikut. N\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen planifikohet shtimi i mb\u00ebshtetjes p\u00ebr RDMA (&#171;smbdirect&#187;) dhe zgjerimeve t\u00eb protokollit q\u00eb lidhen me p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimin e q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb enkriptimit dhe verifikimit p\u00ebrmes n\u00ebnshkrimeve digjitale.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb klientin CIFS ndalet mb\u00ebshtetja p\u00ebr NTLM dhe algoritmet e autentikimit m\u00eb pak t\u00eb besuesh\u00ebm, t\u00eb bazuar n\u00eb algoritmin DES dhe t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur n\u00eb protokollin SMB1.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb realizimin e urave rrjet\u00ebrore p\u00ebr vlan \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb e mundur mb\u00ebshtetje e multicast.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb driverin bonding, i p\u00ebrdorur p\u00ebr aggregimin e nd\u00ebrfaqeve rrjet\u00ebrore, \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr n\u00ebnshkall\u00ebn XDP (eXpress Data Path), q\u00eb lejon manipulimin e paketave rrjet\u00ebrore n\u00eb faz\u00ebn para p\u00ebrpunimit nga staku rrjetor i b\u00ebrthamor Linux.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb stakun e paqart\u00eb mac80211 \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr 6GHZ STA (Autorizim t\u00eb P\u00ebrkohsh\u00ebm Specifik) n\u00eb modulet LPI, SP dhe VLP, si dhe mund\u00ebsia p\u00ebr t\u00eb vendosur TWT (Koha e Zgjimit t\u00eb Destinuar) t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta n\u00eb modalitetin e pik\u00ebs s\u00eb qasjes.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr protokollin MCTP (Management Component Transport Protocol), i p\u00ebrdorur p\u00ebr interaksionin e kontrolluesve menaxher dhe pajisjeve p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse (procesor\u00eb host, pajisje periferike, etj.).\n<li class=\"l\"> Integrimi n\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebn MPTCP (MultiPath TCP) \u00ebsht\u00eb vazhduar, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb zgjerim i protokollit TCP p\u00ebr t\u00eb organizuar funksionimin e lidhjes TCP me d\u00ebrgimin e paketave nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht p\u00ebrmes disa rrug\u00ebve p\u00ebrmes nd\u00ebrfaqeve t\u00eb ndryshme rrjet\u00ebrore, t\u00eb lidhura me adresa IP t\u00eb ndryshme. N\u00eb l\u00ebshimin e ri \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr adresat n\u00eb modalitetin fullmesh.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb netfilter jan\u00eb shtuar p\u00ebrpunues t\u00eb rrjedhave rrjet\u00ebrore, t\u00eb inkapsuluara n\u00eb protokollin SRv6 (Segment Routing IPv6).\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr sockmap p\u00ebr soket\u00ebt Unix rrjedhor.              <\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Pajisje<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb drivin amdgpu \u00ebsht\u00eb implementuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr APU Cyan Skillfish (t\u00eb pajisur me GPU Navi 1x). P\u00ebr APU Yellow Carp \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr videokodek\u00ebt. \u00cbsht\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar mb\u00ebshtetja p\u00ebr GPU Aldebaran. Jan\u00eb shtuar identifikues t\u00eb rinj p\u00ebr kartat bazuar n\u00eb GPU Navi 24 \"Beige Goby\" dhe RDNA2. \u00cbsht\u00eb propozuar nj\u00eb implementim i p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar i ekran\u00ebve virtual\u00eb (VKMS). \u00cbsht\u00eb realizuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr monitorimin e temperatur\u00ebs s\u00eb \u00e7ipave AMD Zen 3.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb driverin amdkfd (p\u00ebr GPU diskrete, si\u00e7 jan\u00eb Polaris) \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar menaxheri i memorjes virtuale t\u00eb ndar\u00eb (SVM, shared virtual memory) mbi baz\u00ebn e n\u00ebnshkall\u00ebs HMM (Heterogeneous memory management), q\u00eb lejon p\u00ebrdorimin e pajisjeve me blloqe p\u00ebr menaxhimin e memorjes (MMU, memory management unit), t\u00eb cilat mund t\u00eb ken\u00eb akses n\u00eb memorjen kryesore. Po ashtu, me ndihm\u00ebn e HMM mund t\u00eb organizohet nj\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00eb adresash e p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt midis GPU dhe CPU, n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn GPU mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb akses n\u00eb memorjen kryesore t\u00eb procesit.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb driverin i915 p\u00ebr kartat grafike Intel \u00ebsht\u00eb zgjeruar p\u00ebrdorimi i menaxherit t\u00eb menaxhimit t\u00eb memorjes video TTM dhe jan\u00eb p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb mund\u00ebsit\u00eb e menaxhimit t\u00eb konsumit t\u00eb energjis\u00eb mbi baz\u00ebn e GuC (Graphics micro Controller). Ka filluar p\u00ebrgatitja p\u00ebr implementimin e mb\u00ebshtetjes p\u00ebr kart\u00ebn grafike Intel ARC Alchemist dhe GPU Intel Xe-HP.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb drajverin nouveau \u00ebsht\u00eb implementuar menaxhimi i ndri\u00e7imit t\u00eb paneleve eDP p\u00ebrmes DPCD (T\u00eb Dh\u00ebnat e Konfigurimit t\u00eb DisplayPort).\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb drajverin msm \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr GPU Adreno 7c Gen 3 dhe Adreno 680.\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebr \u00e7ipin Apple M1 \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar drajveri IOMMU.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar nj\u00eb drajver audio p\u00ebr sistemet q\u00eb bazohen n\u00eb APU AMD Van Gogh.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb deg\u00ebn staging \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar drajveri Realtek R8188EU, i cili ka z\u00ebvend\u00ebsuar versionin e vjet\u00ebr t\u00eb drajverit (rtl8188eu) p\u00ebr \u00e7ipat wireless Realtek RTL8188EU 802.11 b\/g\/n.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebrje \u00ebsht\u00eb pranuar drajveri ocp_pt p\u00ebr kart\u00ebn PCIe t\u00eb zhvilluar nga kompania Meta (Facebook) me implementimin e or\u00ebve atomike miniatur\u00eb dhe nj\u00eb recepatori GNSS, t\u00eb cilat mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren p\u00ebr organizimin e pun\u00ebs s\u00eb ve\u00e7uar t\u00eb <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/server\/\"   title=\"server\u00ebsh\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"1616\">server\u00ebsh<\/a> sinkronizimit t\u00eb sakt\u00eb t\u00eb koh\u00ebs.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr smartphone-t Sony Xperia 10II (Snapdragon 665), Xiaomi Redmi 2 (Snapdragon MSM8916), Samsung Galaxy S3 (Snapdragon MSM8226), Samsung Gavini\/Codina\/Kyle.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr ARM SoC dhe platformat NVIDIA Jetson TX2 NX Developer Kit, Sancloud BBE Lite, PicoITX, DRC02, SolidRun SolidSense, SKOV i.MX6, Nitrogen8, Traverse Ten64, GW7902, Microchip SAMA7, Qualcomm Snapdragon SDM636\/SM8150, Renesas R-Car H3e-2G\/M3e-2G, Marvell CN913x, ASpeed AST2600 (platformat server Facebook Cloudripper, Elbert dhe Fuji), 4KOpen STiH418-b2264.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr panelet LCD Gopher 2b, EDT ETM0350G0DH6\/ETMV570G2DHU, LOGIC Technologies LTTD800480070-L6WH-RT, Multi-Innotechnology MI1010AIT-1CP1, Innolux EJ030NA 3.0, ilitek ili9341, E Ink VB3300-KCA, Samsung ATNA33XC20, Samsung DB7430, WideChips WS2401.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar drajveri LiteETH me mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr kontrolluesit Ethernet q\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren n\u00eb SoC programore LiteX (p\u00ebr FPGA).\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb drajverin usb-audio \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar opsioni lowlatency p\u00ebr menaxhimin e aktivizimit t\u00eb pun\u00ebs n\u00eb modin me vonesa minimale. Po ashtu \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar opsioni quirk_flags p\u00ebr t\u00eb transmetuar cil\u00ebsimet specifike p\u00ebr pajisjen.      <\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<p>N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb, Fondi latinoamerikan i Softuerit t\u00eb Lir\u00eb formoi nj\u00eb variant t\u00eb plot\u00eb t\u00eb lir\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs 5.15 \u2014 Linux-libre 5.15-gnu, t\u00eb past\u00ebr nga elementet e firmware-it dhe drivereve q\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajn\u00eb komponente ose pjes\u00eb kodi t\u00eb pambrojtura, t\u00eb cilat jan\u00eb t\u00eb kufizuara nga prodhuesi. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb version t\u00eb ri \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar dalja e nj\u00eb mesazhi n\u00eb log p\u00ebr p\u00ebrfundimin e pastrimit. Jan\u00eb eliminuar problemet gjat\u00eb formimit t\u00eb paketave duke p\u00ebrdorur mkspec, \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar mb\u00ebshtetja p\u00ebr paketat snap. Jan\u00eb hequr disa paralajm\u00ebrime q\u00eb dalin gjat\u00eb p\u00ebrpunimit t\u00eb skedarit t\u00eb titullit firmware.h. \u00cbsht\u00eb lejuar dalja e disa llojeve paralajm\u00ebrimesh (\"format-extra-args\", komente, funksione dhe variabla t\u00eb pap\u00ebrdorura) gjat\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimit n\u00eb modalitetin \"-Werror\". \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar pastrimi i driver-it gehc-achc. \u00cbsht\u00eb p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsuar kodi i pastrimit t\u00eb blob-ve n\u00eb driverat dhe n\u00eb n\u00ebn-sistemet adreno, btusb, btintel, brcmfmac, aarch64 qcom. \u00cbsht\u00eb nd\u00ebrprer\u00eb pastrimi i driver\u00ebve prism54 (i fshir\u00eb) dhe rtl8188eu (z\u00ebvend\u00ebsuar me r8188eu).<br \/>\n<br \/>Burimi: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=56079\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 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\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430 \u043a \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u044b \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043a \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 fs-verity \u0432 Btrfs, \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u043e\u0432 process_mrelease \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0440\u0435\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0445\u0432\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438, \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u044c \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u0442\u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-102190","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u041b\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441 \u0422\u043e\u0440\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0434\u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux 5.15.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri 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