{"id":103407,"date":"2022-02-22T03:36:42","date_gmt":"2022-02-22T01:36:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/vypusk-paketnogo-filtra-nftables-1-0-2"},"modified":"2022-02-22T03:36:42","modified_gmt":"2022-02-22T01:36:42","slug":"vypusk-paketnogo-filtra-nftables-1-0-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/vypusk-paketnogo-filtra-nftables-1-0-2","title":{"rendered":"Publikimi i filtrit t\u00eb paketave nftables 1.0.2","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u00cbsht\u00eb publikuar rasti i filtrit t\u00eb paketave nftables 1.0.2, i cili standardizon interfaces e filtrimit t\u00eb paketave p\u00ebr IPv4, IPv6, ARP dhe urat e rrjetit (i destinuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb z\u00ebvend\u00ebsuar iptables, ip6tables, arptables dhe ebtables). Ndryshimet e nevojshme p\u00ebr funksionimin e l\u00ebshimit t\u00eb nftables 1.0.2 jan\u00eb p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb n\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebn Linux 5.17-rc.      <\/p>\n<p>Paketat nftables p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb komponent\u00ebt e filtrit t\u00eb paketave q\u00eb punojn\u00eb n\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn e p\u00ebrdoruesit, nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb nivelin e b\u00ebrthamor, funksionin e realizon n\u00ebn-sistemi nf_tables, i pranish\u00ebm n\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebn Linux q\u00eb nga l\u00ebshimi 3.13. N\u00eb nivelin e b\u00ebrthamor ofrohet vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb nd\u00ebrfaqe e p\u00ebrgjithshme, e pavarur nga protokolli konkret dhe q\u00eb ofron funksione bazike p\u00ebr nxjerrjen e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave nga paketat, realizimin e operacioneve me t\u00eb dh\u00ebna dhe menaxhimin e fluksit.    <\/p>\n<p>Rregullat e filtrimit dhe trajtuesit specifik p\u00ebr protokollet kompilohet n\u00eb kodin e bytes n\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn e p\u00ebrdoruesit, pas s\u00eb cil\u00ebs ky kod bytes ngarkohet n\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00eb p\u00ebrmes nd\u00ebrfaqes Netlink dhe ekzekutohet n\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb mjedis t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb. <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/vps\/abuzoustojchivye-vps\/\"   title=\"makin\u00ebn virtuale\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"4319\">makin\u00ebn virtuale<\/a>, i ngjan Berkley Packet Filters (BPF). Qashtu, kjo qasje lejon t\u00eb reduktohet ndjesh\u00ebm madh\u00ebsia e kodit t\u00eb filtrimit q\u00eb funksionon n\u00eb nivelin e b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb nxirren t\u00eb gjitha funksionet e analiz\u00ebs s\u00eb rregullave dhe logjik\u00ebs s\u00eb pun\u00ebs me protokollet n\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn e p\u00ebrdoruesit.    <\/p>\n<p>T\u00eb rejat kryesore:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> \u0414\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c \u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b, \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439  \u043e\u043f\u0446\u0438\u0438 &#171;-o&#187; (&#171;&#8212;optimize&#187;), \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0443\u044e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441 \u043e\u043f\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 &#171;&#8212;check&#187; \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432  \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0435 \u0441 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438.  \u041e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430:          meta iifname eth1 ip saddr 1.1.1.1 ip daddr 2.2.2.3 accept        meta iifname eth1 ip saddr 1.1.1.2 ip daddr 2.2.2.5 accept        ip saddr 1.1.1.1 ip daddr 2.2.2.2 accept        ip saddr 2.2.2.2 ip daddr 3.3.3.3 drop\n<p>do t\u00eb bashkohen n\u00eb           meta iifname . ip saddr . ip daddr { eth1 . 1.1.1.1 . 2.2.2.3, eth1 .   1.1.1.2 . 2.2.2.5 } prano        ip saddr . ip daddr vmap { 1.1.1.1 . 2.2.2.2 : prano, 2.2.2.2 . 3.3.3.3   : hidhi }    <\/p>\n<p>Shembuj p\u00ebrdorimi:       # nft -c -o -f ruleset.test     Bashkimi:       ruleset.nft:16:3-37:  ip daddr 192.168.0.1 num\u00ebro prano       ruleset.nft:17:3-37:  ip daddr 192.168.0.2 num\u00ebro prano       ruleset.nft:18:3-37:  ip daddr 192.168.0.3 num\u00ebro prano     n\u00eb:       ip daddr { 192.168.0.1, 192.168.0.2, 192.168.0.3 } num\u00ebro paketa 0 byte 0 prano      <\/p>\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb listat e seteve \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar mund\u00ebsia e p\u00ebrcaktimit t\u00eb opsioneve ip dhe tcp, si dhe intere\u00e7ve sctp:            set s5 {                 lloji ip opsion ra vler\u00eb                 elementet = { 1, 1024 }          }            set s7 {                 lloji sctp intere\u00e7in inic num\u00ebr-fluksesh t\u00eb brendsh\u00ebm                 elementet = { 1, 4 }          }            zinxhir c5 {                 ip opsion ra vler\u00eb @s5 prano          }            zinxhir c7 {                 sctp intere\u00e7in inic num\u00ebr-fluksesh @s7 prano          }\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr opsionet TCP fastopen, md5sig dhe mptcp.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdorimin n\u00eb p\u00ebrputhjet e n\u00ebnllojit mp-tcp:            tcp opsion mptcp n\u00ebnlidhja 1\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar kodi i filtrimit, i cili funksionon n\u00eb an\u00ebn e b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs.\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebr flowtable \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar mb\u00ebshtetje e plot\u00eb p\u00ebr formatin JSON.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f &#171;reject&#187; \u0432 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f Ethernet-\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0432.            ether saddr aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff ip daddr 192.168.0.1 reject      <\/ul>\n<p>Burimi: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=56739\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430 nftables 1.0.2, \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044b \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0434\u043b\u044f IPv4, IPv6, ARP \u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432 (\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0443 iptables, ip6table, arptables \u0438 ebtables). \u041d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430 nftables 1.0.2 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux 5.17-rc. \u0412 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442 nftables \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430, \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f, \u0432 \u0442\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-103407","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-novosti-interneta"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.0.1 - 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content=\"\u041e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430 nftables 1.0.2, \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044b \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0434\u043b\u044f IPv4, IPv6, ARP \u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432 (\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0443 iptables, ip6table, arptables \u0438 ebtables). \u041d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430 nftables 1.0.2 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f 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