{"id":108052,"date":"2023-04-24T12:48:09","date_gmt":"2023-04-24T10:48:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/?p=108052"},"modified":"2023-04-24T16:01:33","modified_gmt":"2023-04-24T14:01:33","slug":"reliz-yadra-linux-6-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/news\/reliz-yadra-linux-6-3","title":{"rendered":"Publikimi i kernelit Linux 6.3","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Pas dy muajsh zhvillimi, Linus Torvalds prezantoi versionin e kernelit Linux 6.3. N\u00eb mesin e ndryshimeve m\u00eb t\u00eb dukshme jan\u00eb: pastrimi i platformave ARM t\u00eb vjetra dhe i shofer\u00ebve grafik\u00eb, vazhdimi i integrimit t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetjes p\u00ebr gjuh\u00ebn Rust, utilita hwnoise, mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr strukturat e pem\u00ebs red-black n\u00eb BPF, modaliteti BIG TCP p\u00ebr IPv4, testi i integruar t\u00eb performanc\u00ebs Dhrystone, mund\u00ebsia p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndaluar ekzekutimin n\u00eb memfd, mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr krijimin e shofer\u00ebve HID, dhe n\u00eb Btrfs u miratuan ndryshime p\u00ebr t\u00eb reduktuar fragmentimin e grupeve t\u00eb bllok\u00ebve.      <\/p>\n<p>Versioni e rejatez nga 15637 rregullime nga 2055 zhvillues; madh\u00ebsia e patch-it \u00ebsht\u00eb 76 MB (ndryshimet preknin 14296 skedar\u00eb, jan\u00eb shtuar 1023183 linja kodi, jan\u00eb fshir\u00eb 883103 linja). P\u00ebr krahasim, n\u00eb versionin e kaluar u propozuan 16843 rregullime nga 2178 zhvillues; madh\u00ebsia e patch-it ishte 62 MB. Rreth 39% e t\u00eb gjitha ndryshimeve t\u00eb paraqitura n\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebn 6.3 lidhen me pajisjet e drejtuesve, af\u00ebrsisht 15% e ndryshimeve kan\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb me p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimin e kodit t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb p\u00ebr arkitektur\u00ebn harduerike, 10% lidhen me grack\u00ebn e rrjetit, 5% me sistemet e skedave dhe 3% me sistemet e brendshme t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs.    <\/p>\n<p>Risi t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme n\u00eb kernelin 6.3:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Memorie dhe sh\u00ebrbime sistemike<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Kishte nj\u00eb pastrim t\u00eb konsideruesh\u00ebm t\u00eb kodit t\u00eb lidhur me platformat ARM t\u00eb vjetra dhe t\u00eb pap\u00ebrdorura, duke lejuar q\u00eb madh\u00ebsia e teksteve burimore t\u00eb kernelit t\u00eb reduktohet me 150 mij\u00eb rreshta. M\u00eb shum\u00eb se 40 platforma t\u00eb vjetra ARM u fshin\u00eb.\n<li class=\"l\"> U realizua mund\u00ebsia p\u00ebr t\u00eb krijuar shofer\u00eb p\u00ebr pajisjet e inputit me nd\u00ebrfaqen HID (Pajisja e Nd\u00ebrfaqes Njer\u00ebzore), e implementuar n\u00eb form\u00ebn e programeve BPF.\n<li class=\"l\"> Transferimi i funksionaliteteve shtes\u00eb nga dega Rust-for-Linux vazhdon lidhur me p\u00ebrdorimin e gjuh\u00ebs Rust si nj\u00eb gjuh\u00eb t\u00eb dyt\u00eb p\u00ebr zhvillimin e drejtuesve dhe moduleve t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs. Mb\u00ebshtetja p\u00ebr Rust nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb aktive si parazgjedhje dhe nuk \u00e7on n\u00eb aktivizimin e Rust si nj\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb detyrueshme p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrtimin e b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs. Funksionaliteti i propozuar n\u00eb versione t\u00eb m\u00ebparshme \u00ebsht\u00eb zgjeruar me mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr llojet Arc (implementimi i treguesve me num\u00ebrues referencash), ScopeGuard (realizimi i pastrimit kur del nga sfera e dukshm\u00ebris\u00eb) dhe ForeignOwnable (siguron transferimin e treguesve mes kodit n\u00eb C dhe Rust). Moduli 'borrow' \u00ebsht\u00eb hequr nga paketa 'alloc' (lloji 'Cow' dhe tipazhi 'ToOwned'). \u00cbsht\u00eb e dukshme se gjendja e mb\u00ebshtetjes s\u00eb Rust n\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb tashm\u00eb shum\u00eb af\u00ebr p\u00ebr t\u00eb filluar pranimin e moduleve t\u00eb para t\u00eb shkruara n\u00eb Rust.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb User-mode Linux (n\u00eb nisjen e b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs si nj\u00eb proces p\u00ebrdoruesi) n\u00eb sistemet x86-64 \u00ebsht\u00eb zbatuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr kodin e shkruar n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn Rust. \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrtimin e User-mode Linux duke p\u00ebrdorur clang me p\u00ebrfshirjen e optimizimeve n\u00eb faz\u00ebn e lidhjes (LTO).\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar utilitari hwnoise p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndjekur vonesat e shkaktuara nga karakteristikat e pun\u00ebs s\u00eb harduerit. P\u00ebrcaktohen devijime t\u00eb koh\u00ebs s\u00eb ekzekutimit t\u00eb operacioneve (jitter) kur p\u00ebrpunimi i nd\u00ebrprerjeve \u00ebsht\u00eb i \u00e7aktivizuar, t\u00eb cilat kalojn\u00eb nj\u00eb mikrosekond\u00eb n\u00eb 10 minuta llogaritjesh.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar moduli i b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs me implementimin e testit t\u00eb performanc\u00ebs Dhrystone, i cili mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret p\u00ebr vler\u00ebsimin e performanc\u00ebs s\u00eb CPU-s\u00eb n\u00eb konfigurime pa komponent\u00eb hap\u00ebsire p\u00ebrdoruesi (p.sh., n\u00eb faz\u00ebn e portimit p\u00ebr SoC t\u00eb rinj, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat implementohet vet\u00ebm ngarkimi i b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs).\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar nj\u00eb paramet\u00ebr i komand\u00ebs s\u00eb linj\u00ebs s\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs 'cgroup.memory=nobpf', i cili \u00e7aktivizon matjen e konsumit t\u00eb memories p\u00ebr programet BPF, gj\u00eb q\u00eb mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb e dobishme p\u00ebr sistemet me kontejner\u00eb t\u00eb izoluar.\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebr programet BPF \u00ebsht\u00eb propozuar realizimi i struktur\u00ebs s\u00eb dh\u00ebnash red-black tree, n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn p\u00ebrdoren kfunc + kptr (bpf_rbtree_add, bpf_rbtree_remove, bpf_rbtree_first) n\u00eb vend t\u00eb shtimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb tipi t\u00eb ri nd\u00ebrlidhjeje.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb mekanizmin e sekuencave t\u00eb rinisjes (rseq, restartable sequences) \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mund\u00ebsia e kalimit t\u00eb identifikuesve t\u00eb ekzekutimit t\u00eb paralel (memory-map concurrency ID) t\u00eb identifikuar me numrin e CPU-s\u00eb. Rseq ofron mjete p\u00ebr ekzekutimin e shpejt\u00eb dhe atomik t\u00eb operacioneve, t\u00eb cilat n\u00eb rast nd\u00ebrprerje nga nj\u00eb thread tjet\u00ebr pastrohen dhe zhvendosen p\u00ebr t\u00eb provuar p\u00ebrs\u00ebri ekzekutimin.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb procesor\u00ebt ARM \u00ebsht\u00eb siguruar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr instruktionet SME 2 (Scalable Matrix Extension).\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebr arkitektur\u00ebn s390x dhe RISC-V RV64 \u00ebsht\u00eb implementuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr mekanizmin 'BPF trampoline', i cili lejon minimizimin e kostove kur transmeton thirrje midis b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs dhe programeve BPF.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb sistemet me procesor\u00eb t\u00eb bazuar n\u00eb arkitektur\u00ebn RISC-V \u00ebsht\u00eb implementuar p\u00ebrdorimi i instrukcioneve 'ZBB' p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrshpejtuar operacionet me vargje.\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebr sistemet t\u00eb bazuara n\u00eb arkitektur\u00ebn e setit t\u00eb komandave LoongArch (t\u00eb aplikuar n\u00eb procesor\u00ebt Loongson 3 5000 dhe q\u00eb implementon nj\u00eb RISC ISA t\u00eb ri, t\u00eb ngjash\u00ebm me MIPS dhe RISC-V) \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr randomizimin e hap\u00ebsir\u00ebs adresore t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs (KASLR), ndryshimin e vendosjes s\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs n\u00eb memorie (relocation), pikave ndihm\u00ebse harduerike dhe mekanizmit kprobe.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb mekanizmin DAMOS (Schema t\u00eb Operimit t\u00eb Bazeve t\u00eb Monitorimit t\u00eb Qasjes n\u00eb T\u6570\u636e), i cili lejon \u00e7lirimin e memories duke marr\u00eb parasysh frekuenc\u00ebn e qasjes n\u00eb memorie, \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr filtrat p\u00ebr p\u00ebrjashtimin nga p\u00ebrpunimi n\u00eb DAMOS t\u00eb caktuar zonave t\u00eb memories.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb bibliotek\u00ebn minimale standarde t\u00eb C Nolibc \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr arkitektur\u00ebn s390 dhe setin e instrukcioneve Arm Thumb1 (p\u00ebrve\u00e7 mb\u00ebshtetjes p\u00ebr ARM, AArch64, i386, x86_64, RISC-V dhe MIPS).\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb optimizuar objtool p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrshpejtuar nd\u00ebrtimin e b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb zvog\u00ebluar konsumin maksimal t\u00eb memories gjat\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimit (kur nd\u00ebrroni b\u00ebrtham\u00ebn me modalitetin 'allyesconfig' tani nuk ka probleme me p\u00ebrfundimin e detyrave n\u00eb sistemet me 32 GB RAM).\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb ndaluar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrtimin e b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs me kompajlerin Intel ICC, i cili kishte qen\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb gjendje jo funksionale p\u00ebr nj\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb dhe askush nuk kishte shprehur d\u00ebshir\u00ebn p\u00ebr ta rregulluar at\u00eb.              <\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Sistemi i disqeve, hyrja\/ dalje dhe sistemet e skedar\u00ebve<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb tmpfs \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr mapimin e identifikuesve t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesve t\u00eb sistemeve t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve t\u00eb montuara, t\u00eb aplikuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrputhur skedar\u00ebt e nj\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesi n\u00eb nj\u00eb ndarje t\u00eb huaj t\u00eb montuar me nj\u00eb p\u00ebrdorues tjet\u00ebr n\u00eb sistemin aktual.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb Btrfs p\u00ebr t\u00eb zvog\u00ebluar fragmentimin e grupeve t\u00eb bllokut \u00ebsht\u00eb siguruar ndarja e ekstent\u00ebve sipas madh\u00ebsis\u00eb gjat\u00eb alokimit t\u00eb bllok\u00ebve, dmth. \u00e7do grup bllokesh tani kufizohet n\u00eb ekstent\u00eb t\u00eb vegj\u00ebl (deri n\u00eb 128KB), t\u00eb mes\u00ebm (deri n\u00eb 8 MB) dhe t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenj. \u00cbsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb refaktorizimi i implementimit raid56. \u00cbsht\u00eb rishikuar kodi p\u00ebr verifikimin e shenja kontrolli. Jan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb optimizime t\u00eb performanc\u00ebs q\u00eb lejojn\u00eb deri n\u00eb 10 her\u00eb p\u00ebrshpejtim t\u00eb operacionit send p\u00ebrmes mbajtjes n\u00eb memorie t\u00eb utime p\u00ebr katalog\u00ebt dhe ekzekutimit t\u00eb komandave vet\u00ebm sipas nevoj\u00ebs. Ekzekutimi i operacioneve fiemap \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrshpejtuar tre her\u00eb p\u00ebrmes kalimit t\u00eb verifikimeve t\u00eb referenc\u00ebs p\u00ebr t\u00eb dh\u00ebna t\u00eb ndara (snapshot-e). Operacionet me metadata jan\u00eb p\u00ebrshpejtuar me 10% p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb optimizimit t\u00eb k\u00ebrkimit t\u00eb \u00e7el\u00ebsave n\u00eb strukturat e b-tree.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb rritur performanca e sistemit t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve ext4 p\u00ebrmes mund\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb ekzekutimit t\u00eb shum\u00eb proceseve n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebkohshme t\u00eb operacioneve t\u00eb hyrjes\/daljes direkte n\u00eb blloqet e paracaktuar, duke p\u00ebrdorur bllokime t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebta t\u00eb inode p\u00ebrpara bllokimit ekskluziv.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb f2fs \u00ebsht\u00eb punuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar lexueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e kodit. Jan\u00eb zgjidhur probleme t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme q\u00eb lidhen me shkrimin atomar dhe me caches t\u00eb reja t\u00eb ekstent\u00ebve.\n<li class=\"l\">  N\u00eb sistemin e skedar\u00ebve EROFS (Enhanced Read-Only File System), i destinuar p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdorim n\u00eb pjes\u00ebt e disponueshme n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr lexim, \u00ebsht\u00eb zbatuar mund\u00ebsia e lidhjes s\u00eb operacioneve t\u00eb shk\u00ebputjes s\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtjes s\u00eb kompresuar t\u00eb skedareve me CPU, p\u00ebr t\u00eb reduktuar vonesat n\u00eb qasjen n\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebna.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb planifikuesin e inputit\/nd\u00ebrlidhjes BFQ \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr pajisjet p\u00ebrparimtare me disqe n\u00eb rotacion, si ato q\u00eb p\u00ebrdorin disa drejtime t\u00eb kontrolluara ndaras (Multi Actuator).\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb realizimin e klientit dhe <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/server\/dts-los-angeles\/\"   title=\"server\u00eb\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"3909\">server\u00eb<\/a> NFS \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr enkriptimin e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave duke p\u00ebrdorur algoritmin AES-SHA2.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb n\u00ebn-sistemin FUSE (Filesystems In User Space) \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr mekanizmin e zgjerimit t\u00eb k\u00ebrkesave, q\u00eb lejon t\u00eb vendoset informacion shtes\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00eb. Bazuar n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb mund\u00ebsi, \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar shtimi i identifikuesve t\u00eb grupeve n\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00ebn e FS-s\u00eb, t\u00eb nevojsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb parasysh t\u00eb drejtat e aksesit gjat\u00eb krijimit t\u00eb objekteve n\u00eb FS (create, mkdir, symlink, mknod).                      <\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Virtualizimi dhe siguria<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb hipervizorin KVM p\u00ebr sistemet x86 \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr thirjet e p\u00ebrparuara t\u00eb hipervizorit Hyper-V dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb siguruar kalimi i tyre n\u00eb menaxherin q\u00eb punon n\u00eb ambientin e hostit n\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn e p\u00ebrdoruesit. Ky ndryshim ka lejuar realizimin e mb\u00ebshtetjes p\u00ebr nisjen e brendshme t\u00eb hipervizorit Hyper-V.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb KVM \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar kufizimi i qasjes s\u00eb sistemit mysafir n\u00eb ngjarjet PMU (Performance Monitor Unit) t\u00eb lidhura me matjen e performanc\u00ebs.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb mekanizmin memfd, q\u00eb lejon identifikimin e nj\u00eb zone t\u00eb memories p\u00ebrmes nj\u00eb filtri skedari q\u00eb transfert\u00eb midis proceseve, \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mund\u00ebsia e krijimit t\u00eb zonave ku ekzekutimi i kodit \u00ebsht\u00eb i ndaluar (memfd jo-ekzekutues) dhe ku nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur t\u00eb vendosen t\u00eb drejta p\u00ebr ekzekutim n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar nj\u00eb operacion i ri prctl- PR_SET_MDWE, q\u00eb bllokon p\u00ebrpjekjet p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb t\u00eb drejtat e aksesit n\u00eb memory, duke lejuar nj\u00ebherazi shkrimin dhe ekzekutimin.\n<li class=\"l\">  \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar dhe aktivizuar si parazgjedhje mbrojtja nga sulmet e klas\u00ebs Spectre, e zbatuar mbi baz\u00ebn e modalitetit automatik IBRS (Enhanced Indirect Branch Restricted Speculation) t\u00eb propozuar n\u00eb procesor\u00ebt AMD Zen 4, q\u00eb lejon t\u00eb lejoj\u00eb dhe ndaloj\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb adaptuese ekzekutimin spekulativ t\u00eb instruksioneve gjat\u00eb trajtimit t\u00eb nd\u00ebrprerjeve, thirrjeve sistemike dhe kalimeve t\u00eb kontekstit. Mbrojtja e propozuar \u00e7on n\u00eb m\u00eb pak shpenzime krahasuar me mbrojtjen Retpoline.\n<li class=\"l\"> Ura e cila p\u00ebrjashton mbrojtjen nga sulmet Spectre v2 gjat\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb teknologjis\u00eb s\u00eb shum\u00ebproc t\u00eb nj\u00ebkohshme (SMT ose Hyper-Threading) \u00ebsht\u00eb eliminuar dhe shkaktohet nga \u00e7aktivizimi i mekanizmit STIBP (Single Thread Indirect Branch Predictors) gjat\u00eb zgjedhjes s\u00eb modit t\u00eb mbrojtjes IBRS.\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebr sistemet e bazuara n\u00eb arkitektur\u00ebn ARM64, \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar nj\u00eb q\u00ebllim i ri nd\u00ebrtimi \"virtconfig\", i cili aktivizon vet\u00ebm grupin minimal t\u00eb komponent\u00ebve t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs t\u00eb nevojsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr ngarkes\u00ebn n\u00eb sistemet e virtualizimit.\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebr arkitektur\u00ebn m68k \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr filtrimin e thirrjeve sistemike duke p\u00ebrdorur mekanizmin seccomp.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr pajisjet CRB TPM2 (Command Response Buffer) t\u00eb integruar n\u00eb procesor\u00ebt AMD Ryzen, t\u00eb bazuara n\u00eb teknologjin\u00eb Microsoft Pluton.                  <\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Sistemi rrjetor<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar nd\u00ebrfaqja netlink p\u00ebr konfigurimin e n\u00ebn-shtres\u00ebs s\u00eb parandalimit t\u00eb kolizionet PLCA (Physical Layer Collision Avoidance), t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar n\u00eb specifikimin IEEE 802.3cg-2019 dhe e p\u00ebrdorur n\u00eb rrjetet Ethernet 802.3cg (10Base-T1S), t\u00eb optimizuara p\u00ebr lidhjen e pajisjeve t\u00eb internetit t\u00eb gj\u00ebrave dhe sistemeve industriale. P\u00ebrdorimi i PLCA mund t\u00eb rris\u00eb performanc\u00ebn n\u00eb rrjetet Ethernet me mjedis t\u00eb ndar\u00eb.\n<li class=\"l\"> Mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr API \"wireless extensions\" p\u00ebr menaxhimin e nd\u00ebrfaqeve wireless WiFi 7 (802.11be) \u00ebsht\u00eb pezulluar, pasi ky API nuk mbulon t\u00eb gjitha cil\u00ebsimet e nevojshme. Kur p\u00ebrpiqeni t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorni API \"wireless extensions\", i cili vazhdon t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetet si nj\u00eb shtres\u00eb emuluese, tani do t\u00eb shfaqet nj\u00eb paralajm\u00ebrim p\u00ebr shumic\u00ebn e pajisjeve aktuale.\n<li class=\"l\"> Dokumentacioni i detajuar p\u00ebr API-n\u00eb netlink \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrgatitur (p\u00ebr zhvilluesit e b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs dhe p\u00ebr zhvilluesit e aplikacioneve n\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn e p\u00ebrdoruesit). \u00cbsht\u00eb realizuar utilita ynl-gen-c p\u00ebr gjenerimin e kodit n\u00eb C bazuar n\u00eb specifikimet YAML t\u00eb protokollit Netlink.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb soketat rrjeteve \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr opsionin IP_LOCAL_PORT_RANGE p\u00ebr t\u00eb thjeshtuar konfigurimin e lidhjeve q\u00eb dalin p\u00ebrmes transformuesve t\u00eb adresave pa p\u00ebrdorur SNAT. Kur p\u00ebrdoret nj\u00eb <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/lir\/ipv4\/\"   title=\"Adresa IP\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"716\">Adresa IP<\/a> n\u00eb disa hoste, IP_LOCAL_PORT_RANGE ofron mund\u00ebsin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur n\u00eb \u00e7do host grupin e vet t\u00eb porteve rrjet\u00ebs q\u00eb dalin, dhe n\u00eb kalimin e portave p\u00ebr t\u00eb rinisur paketet n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb numrave t\u00eb porteve.\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebr MPTCP (MultiPath TCP) \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar mund\u00ebsia e trajtimit t\u00eb rrjedhave t\u00eb p\u00ebrziera, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat p\u00ebrdoren protokollet IPv4 dhe IPv6. MPTCP \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb zgjerim i protokollit TCP p\u00ebr organizimin e funksionimit t\u00eb lidhjes TCP me d\u00ebrgimin e pacjeve n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebkohshme p\u00ebrmes disa rrug\u00ebve p\u00ebrmes nd\u00ebrfaqeve t\u00eb ndryshme rrjet\u00ebsore, t\u00eb lidhura me adresa t\u00eb ndryshme IP.\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebr IPv4, \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar mund\u00ebsia e p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb zgjerimit BIG TCP, i cili lejon t\u00eb rritet madh\u00ebsia maksimale e paket\u00ebs TCP deri n\u00eb 4GB p\u00ebr optimizimin e funksionimit t\u00eb rrjeteve t\u00eb brendshme me shpejt\u00ebsi t\u00eb lart\u00eb n\u00eb qendrat e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave. Nj\u00eb rritje e till\u00eb e madh\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb paket\u00ebs, me madh\u00ebsi 16-bit t\u00eb fushave n\u00eb kok\u00eb, arrihet p\u00ebrmes implementimit t\u00eb \"jumbo\"-paketave, ku madh\u00ebsia n\u00eb kok\u00ebn IP vendoset n\u00eb 0, nd\u00ebrsa madh\u00ebsia aktuale kalon n\u00eb nj\u00eb fush\u00eb t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb 32-bit n\u00eb nj\u00eb kok\u00eb t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb t\u00eb bashkangjitur.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar nj\u00eb paramet\u00ebr i ri sysctl-default_rps_mask, p\u00ebrmes t\u00eb cilit mund t\u00eb caktohet konfigurimi i p\u00ebrdorur si parazgjedhje RPS (Receive Packet Steering), q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebs p\u00ebr shp\u00ebrndarjen e funksionimit t\u00eb trafikut t\u00eb ardhsh\u00ebm n\u00eb b\u00ebrthamat e CPU-s\u00eb n\u00eb nivelin e p\u00ebrpunuesve t\u00eb nd\u00ebrprerjeve.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb nd\u00ebrprer\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr disiplinat e p\u00ebrpunimit t\u00eb radh\u00ebve p\u00ebr kufizimin e trafikut CBQ (class-based queuing), ATM (ATP virtual circuits), dsmark (differentiated service marker), tcindex (traffic-control index) dhe RSVP (resource reservation protocol). K\u00ebto disiplinat kan\u00eb qen\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb t\u00eb braktisura dhe nuk ka pasur d\u00ebshir\u00eb p\u00ebr t'u vazhduar mb\u00ebshtetja e tyre.                            <\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> <b>Pajisje<\/b>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> T\u00eb gjitha ndihm\u00ebsit grafik\u00eb mbi baz\u00ebn e DRI1 jan\u00eb fshir\u00eb: i810 (kartat e vjetra t\u00eb integruara Intel 8xx), mga (GPU Matrox), r128 (GPU ATI Rage 128, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb kartat Rage Fury, XPERT 99 dhe XPERT 128), savage (GPU S3 Savage), sis (GPU Crusty SiS), tdfx (3dfx Voodoo) dhe via (VIA IGP), t\u00eb cilat u shpall\u00ebn t\u00eb vjetra n\u00eb vitin 2016 dhe nuk mb\u00ebshteten n\u00eb Mesa q\u00eb nga viti 2012.\n<li class=\"l\"> Jan\u00eb fshir\u00eb ndihm\u00ebsit e vjetruar t\u00eb framerbufarit (fbdev) omap1, s3c2410, tmiofb dhe w100fb.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar nj\u00eb driver DRM p\u00ebr blloqet VPU (Nj\u00ebsi e Procesimit t\u00eb Versatile) t\u00eb integruara n\u00eb CPU Intel Meteor Lake (gjenerata e 14-t\u00eb), q\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb destinuara p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrshpejtuar operacionet e lidhura me vizionin kompjuterik dhe m\u00ebsimin e makineris\u00eb. Driveri \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar me p\u00ebrdorimin e n\u00ebn-sistem\u00ebs \"accel\", e cila synon t\u00eb siguroj\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr akselerator\u00ebt e llogaritjeve q\u00eb mund t\u00eb ofrohen si n\u00eb form\u00ebn e ASIC-ve t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta ashtu edhe si blloqe IP brenda SoC dhe GPU.     <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb ndihm\u00ebsin i915 (Intel) \u00ebsht\u00eb zgjeruar mb\u00ebshtetja p\u00ebr kartat e vetme grafike Intel Arc (DG2\/Alchemist), \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar mb\u00ebshtetje paraprake p\u00ebr GPU Meteor Lake, dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr GPU Intel Xe HP 4tile.        <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb drayverin amdgpu \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr teknologjin\u00eb AdaptiveSync dhe mund\u00ebsia e p\u00ebrdorimit me disa ekrane t\u00eb nj\u00eb mode mbrojtjeje nga interceptimi i t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb paraqitura n\u00eb ekran (Secure Display). \u00cbsht\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar mb\u00ebshtetja p\u00ebr DCN 3.2 (Display Core Next), SR-IOV RAS, VCN RAS, SMU 13.x dhe DP 2.1.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb drayverin msm (GPU Qualcomm Adreno) \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr platformat SM8350, SM8450 SM8550, SDM845 dhe SC8280XP.    <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb drayverin Nouveau \u00ebsht\u00eb ndalur mb\u00ebshtetja p\u00ebr thirrjet e vjetra ioctl.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb drayverin etnaviv \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje eksperimentale p\u00ebr NPU VerSilicon (VeriSilicon Neural Network Processor).\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb implementuar drayveri pata_parport p\u00ebr pajisjet IDE q\u00eb lidhen p\u00ebrmes port\u00ebs paralele. Drayveri i shtuar lejoi heqjen e drayverit t\u00eb vjet\u00ebr PARIDE nga b\u00ebrthama dhe modernizimin e n\u00ebnstruktur\u00ebs ATA. Nj\u00eb kufizim i drayverit t\u00eb ri \u00ebsht\u00eb pamund\u00ebsia e lidhjes s\u00eb nj\u00eb printeri dhe nj\u00eb disku n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb p\u00ebrmes port\u00ebs paralele.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar drayveri ath12k p\u00ebr kartat wireless me \u00e7ipet Qualcomm me mb\u00ebshtetje Wi-Fi 7. \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr kartat wireless me \u00e7ipet RealTek RTL8188EU.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr 46 pllakata me procesor\u00eb t\u00eb bazuar n\u00eb arkitektur\u00ebn ARM64, nd\u00ebr to Samsung Galaxy tab A (2015), Samsung Galaxy S5, BananaPi R3, Debix Model A, EmbedFire LubanCat 1\/2, Facebook Greatlakes, Orange Pi R1 Plus, Tesla FSD, si dhe pajisje t\u00eb bazuara n\u00eb SoC Qualcomm MSM8953 (Snapdragon 610), SM8550 (Snapdragon 8 Gen 2), SDM450 dhe SDM632, kutin\u00eb e televizionit Rockchips RK3128, RV1126 Vision, RK3588, RK3568, RK3566, RK3588 dhe RK3328, TI K3 (AM642\/AM654\/AM68\/AM69).       <\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<p>N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb, Fondi i Liris\u00eb s\u00eb Software-it p\u00ebr Amerik\u00ebn Latine ka formuar nj\u00eb variant plot\u00ebsisht t\u00eb lir\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs 6.3 \u2014 Linux-libre 6.3-gnu, t\u00eb pastruar nga element\u00ebt e firmware-it dhe drivers q\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajn\u00eb komponent\u00eb ose kode t\u00eb pavendosur, t\u00eb cilat kufizohen nga prodhuesi. N\u00eb shitjen 6.3 \u00ebsht\u00eb kryer pastrimi i blob-eve n\u00eb drivers t\u00eb rinj ath12k, aw88395 dhe peb2466, si dhe n\u00eb skedar\u00ebt e rinj devicetree p\u00ebr pajisje qcom t\u00eb bazuara n\u00eb arkitektur\u00ebn AArch64. Kodi i pastrimit t\u00eb blob-eve n\u00eb driver\u00ebt dhe n\u00ebn-sistemat amdgpu, xhci-rcar, qcom-q6v5-pas, sp8870, av7110 \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar gjithashtu, si dhe n\u00eb driver\u00ebt p\u00ebr kartat DVB me dekodim programor dhe n\u00eb skedar\u00ebt BPF t\u00eb parakompiluar. Pastrimi i driver\u00ebve mga, r128, tm6000, cpia2 dhe r8188eu \u00ebsht\u00eb pezulluar, pasi ato jan\u00eb eliminuar nga b\u00ebrthama. Pastrimi nga blob-et e driverit i915 \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar.<br \/>\n<br \/>Burimi: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=59022\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u041b\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441 \u0422\u043e\u0440\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0434\u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430 Linux 6.3. \u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439: \u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0445 ARM-\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c \u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0438 \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430 Rust, \u0443\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0430 hwnoise, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440 red-black \u0432 BPF, \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c BIG TCP \u0434\u043b\u044f IPv4, \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 Dhrystone, \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 memfd, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f HID-\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044f BPF, \u0432 Btrfs [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-108052","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435\u0432 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