Nj\u00eb prej faktor\u00ebve q\u00eb aktivizoi parazgjedhjen e mb\u00ebshtetjes p\u00ebr ECH n\u00eb Firefox ishte aktivizimi disa dit\u00eb m\u00eb par\u00eb nga kompania Cloudflare i mb\u00ebshtetjes p\u00ebr ECH n\u00eb rrjetin e saj t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndarjes s\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtjes. Nga nj\u00eb k\u00ebndv\u00ebshtrim praktik, duke qen\u00eb se t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat mbi hostet e k\u00ebrkuara jan\u00eb t\u00eb fshehura nga analiza kur p\u00ebrdoret ECH, p\u00ebr filtrimin dhe bllokimin e faqeve t\u00eb pad\u00ebshiruara q\u00eb p\u00ebrdorin CDN Cloudflare, tani do t\u00eb k\u00ebrkohet bllokimi i t\u00eb gjith\u00eb rrjetit Cloudflare, bllokimi i t\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebrkesave me ECH ose organizimi i interceptimit t\u00eb HTTPS p\u00ebrmes certifikatave t\u00eb rrenjt\u00eb t\u00eb rr\u00ebnj\u00ebs n\u00eb sistemin e p\u00ebrdoruesit. <\/p>\n
Fillimisht, p\u00ebr t\u00eb organizuar funksionimin e disa faqeve HTTPS n\u00eb nj\u00eb adres\u00eb IP t\u00eb vetme, u p\u00ebrdor zgjerimi TLS SNI, ku emri i hostit t\u00eb k\u00ebrkuar u shfaq n\u00eb mesazhin ClientHello, i d\u00ebrguar para vendosjes s\u00eb kanali t\u00eb enkriptuar t\u00eb komunikimit. Ky ve\u00e7ori lejon t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndahen k\u00ebrkesat n\u00eb hostet virtual\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb faz\u00eb t\u00eb hershme t\u00eb p\u00ebrpunimit t\u00eb lidhjes, por gjithashtu i lejon ofruesit t\u00eb internetit t\u00eb filtroj\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb selektive trafikun HTTPS dhe t\u00eb analizohet se cilat faqe hapi p\u00ebrdoruesi, \u00e7ka nuk lejonte arritjen e privat\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb plot\u00eb gjat\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb HTTPS. <\/p>\n
P\u00ebr t\u00eb zgjidhur k\u00ebt\u00eb problem dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb parandaluar rrjedhjen e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave rreth faqes n\u00eb internet t\u00eb k\u00ebrkuar, m\u00eb von\u00eb u propozua nj\u00eb zgjerim i quajtur ESNI, q\u00eb realizon enkriptimin e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave me emrin e hostit. Gjat\u00eb implementimit t\u00eb ESNI, u zbulua se mekanizmi i propozuar nuk mbulon t\u00eb gjitha burimet e mundshme t\u00eb rrjedhjes s\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave rreth hostit dhe aplikimi i tij nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb i mjaftuesh\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar konfidencialitetin e plot\u00eb t\u00eb seancave HTTPS. Sidomos, gjat\u00eb rinovimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb seance t\u00eb m\u00ebparshme, emri i domainit n\u00eb form\u00eb t\u00eb hapur vazhdoi t\u00eb shfaqej n\u00eb mes t\u00eb parametrave t\u00eb zgjerimit TLS PSK (Pre-Shared Key). P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, p\u00ebrpjekjet p\u00ebr t\u00eb implementuar ESNI zbuluan probleme me keq\u00ebsi dhe shkall\u00ebzim, t\u00eb cilat penguan p\u00ebrhapjen universale t\u00eb ESNI. <\/p>\n
Duke marr\u00eb parasysh dob\u00ebsit\u00eb e identifikuara, ESNI \u00ebsht\u00eb zhvilluar nj\u00eb mekaniz\u00ebm t\u00eb ri universalisht ECH, q\u00eb lejon enkriptimin e parametrave t\u00eb \u00e7do zgjerimi TLS. Ndryshe nga ESNI, ECH kryen enkriptim t\u00eb gjith\u00eb mesazhit ClientHello n\u00eb nj\u00eb t\u00eb vetme. ECH n\u00ebnkupton ndarjen e ClientHello n\u00eb dy mesazhe t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta \u2014 mesazhi i enkriptuar ClientHelloInner (SNI Inner) dhe mesazhi bazik i pambrojtur ClientHelloOuter (SNI Outer). N\u00eb SNI Outer t\u00eb pambrojtur kalojn\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebna q\u00eb nuk prekin privat\u00ebsin\u00eb, si versioni i TLS dhe lista e cipherave t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur, si dhe emri i p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm i domainit, i cili nuk p\u00ebrputhet me emrin e sakt\u00eb t\u00eb domainit t\u00eb k\u00ebrkuar. P\u00ebr shembull, p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb klient\u00ebt e Cloudflare, n\u00eb SNI Outer t\u00eb pambrojtur jepet hosti i p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm \"cloudflare-ech.com\", nd\u00ebrsa emri i sakt\u00eb i hostit t\u00eb k\u00ebrkuar kalon n\u00eb SNI Inner t\u00eb enkriptuar dhe nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb i aksesuesh\u00ebm p\u00ebr analiz\u00eb.
![\"N\u00eb](\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/225939d0c0a33fb32a262a3e104079dc.png\")
<\/center> <\/p>\nECH gjithashtu p\u00ebrdor nj\u00eb skem\u00eb tjet\u00ebr p\u00ebr shp\u00ebrndarjen e \u00e7el\u00ebsit p\u00ebr enkriptim \u2014 informacioni mbi \u00e7el\u00ebsin publik d\u00ebrgohet n\u00eb regjistrin DNS HTTPSSVC, e jo n\u00eb at\u00eb me tipin TXT. P\u00ebr marrjen dhe enkriptimin e \u00e7el\u00ebsit, aplikohet enkriptimi i v\u00ebrtetuar i fundme me mekanizmin HPKE (Hybrid Public Key Encryption). ECH gjithashtu mb\u00ebshtet p\u00ebrcjelljen e sigurt t\u00eb \u00e7el\u00ebsit nga serveri, q\u00eb mund t\u00eb aplikohet n\u00eb rastin e rotacionit t\u00eb \u00e7el\u00ebsave. server<\/a> dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb zgjidhur problemet gjat\u00eb marrjes s\u00eb \u00e7el\u00ebsave t\u00eb vjetruar nga cache DNS. \u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Mozilla \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043e \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438 Firefox \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u043a\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0430 ECH (Encrypted Client Hello), \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438 ESNI (Encrypted Server Name Indication) \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043e \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0445 TLS-\u0441\u0435\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043e\u0432, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u044f. \u0418\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0441 ECH \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0432 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a Firefox 85, \u043d\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0451\u043d \u043f\u043e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e. \u0412 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":110432,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-110431","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Firefox dhe Cloudflare kan\u00eb aktivizuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr ECH p\u00ebr t\u00eb fshehur domainin n\u00eb trafik HTTPS | ProHoster","description":"Kompania Mozilla shpalli p\u00ebrfshirjen p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesit e deg\u00ebs stabile t\u00eb Firefox mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr mekanizmin ECH (Encrypted Client Hello), 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Burimi: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"