{"id":110888,"date":"2023-10-17T03:10:16","date_gmt":"2023-10-17T01:10:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/vypusk-openbsd-7-4"},"modified":"2023-10-17T03:10:16","modified_gmt":"2023-10-17T01:10:16","slug":"vypusk-openbsd-7-4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/news\/vypusk-openbsd-7-4","title":{"rendered":"L\u00ebshimi i OpenBSD 7.4","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Versioni e sistemit operativ UNIX me burim t\u00eb lir\u00eb OpenBSD 7.4 \u00ebsht\u00eb paraqitur. Projektin OpenBSD e themeloi Theo de Raadt n\u00eb vitin 1995 pas nj\u00eb konflikti me zhvilluesit e NetBSD, i cili rezultoi n\u00eb mbylljen e aksesit t\u00eb Theo n\u00eb depot CVS t\u00eb NetBSD. Pas k\u00ebsaj, Theo de Raadt s\u00eb bashku me nj\u00eb grup mb\u00ebshtet\u00ebsish krijuan nj\u00eb sistem t\u00eb ri operativ t\u00eb hapur bazuar n\u00eb pem\u00ebn e kodit burimor t\u00eb NetBSD, ku q\u00ebllimet kryesore t\u00eb zhvillimit p\u00ebrfshinin portabilitetin (mb\u00ebshtet 13 platforma harduerike), standardizimin, funksionimin e sakt\u00eb, sigurin\u00eb proaktive dhe mjetet e kriptografis\u00eb t\u00eb integruara. Madh\u00ebsia e imazhit t\u00eb plot\u00eb t\u00eb instalimit ISO t\u00eb sistemit baz\u00eb OpenBSD 7.4 \u00ebsht\u00eb 630 MB.       <\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebrve\u00e7 sistemit operativ, projekti OpenBSD \u00ebsht\u00eb i njohur p\u00ebr komponent\u00ebt e tij, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt jan\u00eb p\u00ebrhapur n\u00eb sisteme t\u00eb tjera dhe jan\u00eb treguar si disa nga zgjidhjet m\u00eb t\u00eb sigurta dhe cil\u00ebsore. Nd\u00ebr to jan\u00eb: LibreSSL (fork i OpenSSL), OpenSSH, filtri i paketave PF, demon\u00ebt e routing-ut OpenBGPD dhe OpenOSPFD, serveri NTP OpenNTPD, serveri i post\u00ebs OpenSMTPD, multiplexori i terminaleve tekstual (analogu i GNU screen) tmux, demon identd me zbatimin e protokollit IDENT, alternativa BSDL e paket\u00ebs GNU groff \u2014 mandoc, protokolli p\u00ebr organizimin e sistemeve t\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshme CARP (Common Address Redundancy Protocol), serveri i leht\u00eb http, dhe utilita p\u00ebr sinkronizimin e skedareve OpenRSYNC.          <\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimet kryesore:   <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebr arkitektur\u00ebn amd64 dhe i386 jan\u00eb shtuar komponent\u00ebt p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimin e mikrokodit p\u00ebr procesor\u00ebt AMD. Versionet e reja t\u00eb mikrokodit instalohen automatikisht gjat\u00eb ngarkimit. P\u00ebr shp\u00ebrndarjen e skedar\u00ebve binar\u00eb me mikrokod \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrgatitur porta \"ports\/sysutils\/firmware\/amd\". Instalimi i mikrokodit t\u00eb ri b\u00ebhet me ndihm\u00ebn e utilitarit standard fw_update. Mb\u00ebshtetje e ngjashme p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimin e mikrokodit p\u00ebr procesor\u00ebt Intel u realizua n\u00eb vitin 2018 dhe u ofrua n\u00eb l\u00ebshimin e OpenBSD 6.3.\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebr b\u00ebrtham\u00ebn dhe hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn e p\u00ebrdoruesit jan\u00eb p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb mekanizmat e mbrojtjes IBT (Indirekt Shk\u00ebputja e Ndihmonve, amd64) dhe BTI (Identifikimi i Q\u00ebllimit t\u00eb Shk\u00ebputjes, arm64), t\u00eb destinuara p\u00ebr t\u00eb bllokuar shkeljen e rendit normal t\u00eb ekzekutimit (kontrolli i fluksit) si rezultat i aplikimit t\u00eb eksploiteve q\u00eb ndryshojn\u00eb treguesit n\u00eb funksione q\u00eb ruhen n\u00eb memorie (mbrojtja e realizuar nuk lejon q\u00eb kodi keqdash\u00ebs t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb kalimin n\u00eb mes t\u00eb funksionit).\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb sistemet me arkitektur\u00eb arm64 \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb autentifikimi i treguesve (Pointer Authentication) p\u00ebr mbrojtjen e hap\u00ebsir\u00ebs s\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesit. Teknologjia lejon p\u00ebrdorimin e instruksioneve t\u00eb specializuara ARM64 p\u00ebr t\u00eb verifikuar adresat e rikthimit me an\u00eb t\u00eb n\u00ebnshkrimeve digjitale, t\u00eb cilat ruhen n\u00eb bit\u00ebt e sip\u00ebrm t\u00eb pavendosur t\u00eb treguesit t\u00eb vet.\n<li class=\"l\"> Cil\u00ebsimet e kompilatorit sistemik clang, si dhe clang dhe gcc nga portet, jan\u00eb ndryshuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb aplikuar mekanizmat e mbrojtjes t\u00eb p\u00ebrmendur m\u00eb sip\u00ebr, duke forcuar ndjesh\u00ebm mbrojtjen e t\u00eb gjitha aplikacioneve baz\u00eb dhe shumic\u00ebs s\u00eb aplikacioneve nga portet nga eksploit\u00ebt q\u00eb p\u00ebrdorin m\u00e9todoja t\u00eb programimit t\u00eb orientuar nga kthimi (ROP \u2014 Return-Oriented Programming). P\u00ebrdorimi i teknik\u00ebs ROP, sulmuesi nuk p\u00ebrpiqet t\u00eb vendos\u00eb kodin e tij n\u00eb memorie, por operon me t\u00eb tashm\u00ebm n\u00eb bibliotekat e ngarkuara copat e instruktimeve makinerike q\u00eb p\u00ebrfundojn\u00eb me instrukcione kthimi n\u00eb kontroll (zakonisht, k\u00ebto jan\u00eb p\u00ebrfundimet e funksioneve t\u00eb bibliotekave). Funksionimi i eksploitit reduktohet n\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimin e nj\u00eb zinxhiri thirrjesh t\u00eb kopjeve t\u00eb k\u00ebtij lloji (\"gadgets\") p\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb funksionalitetin e nevojsh\u00ebm.\n<li class=\"l\"> Jan\u00eb shtuar nj\u00eb thirrje e re sistemike kqueue1, e cila ndryshon nga kqueue n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn e transmetimit t\u00eb flak\u00ebve. Aktualisht n\u00eb kqueue1 mb\u00ebshtetet vet\u00ebm flaka O_CLOEXEC (close-on-exec) p\u00ebr mbylljen automatike t\u00eb descriptor\u00ebve t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve n\u00eb procesin e f\u00ebmij\u00ebs pas thirrjes exec().\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebr arkitekturat amd64 dhe i386, \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr pseudopajisjen dt p\u00ebr organizimin e ndjekjes dinamike t\u00eb sistemit dhe aplikacioneve. P\u00ebr t\u00eb futur regjistrime t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesve n\u00eb log ktrace \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar thirrja sistemike utrace.\n<li class=\"l\"> Jan\u00eb transferuar rregullimet nga FreeBSD q\u00eb eliminojn\u00eb sjelljen e pazakont\u00eb kur p\u00ebrdoren sistemet e skedar\u00ebve MS-DOS.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb \u00e7aktivizuar opsioni i montimit softdep, i aplikuar p\u00ebr shkrimin e grupuar t\u00eb vonuar t\u00eb metadatat.\n<li class=\"l\"> Programet e mbrojtura me thirrjen sistemike unveil lejohen t\u00eb ruajn\u00eb core-dumps n\u00eb katalogun aktual t\u00eb pun\u00ebs.\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebr arkitektur\u00ebn ARM64 \u00ebsht\u00eb aktivizuar mund\u00ebsia e kalimit n\u00eb streset e thella inactive (idle), t\u00eb disponueshme n\u00eb \u00e7ipat Apple M1\/M2, p\u00ebr kursimin e energjis\u00eb dhe realizimin e gjendjes s\u00eb pritjes.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar nj\u00eb mbrojtje anashkalimi ndaj dob\u00ebsis\u00eb Zenbleed n\u00eb procesor\u00ebt AMD.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar mb\u00ebshtetja p\u00ebr sistemet shum\u00ebp\u00ebrpunuese (SMP). \u00cbsht\u00eb eliminuar bllokimi i funksionit arprequest(), kodi i p\u00ebrpunimit t\u00eb paketave ARP hyr\u00ebse dhe implementimi i p\u00ebrcaktimit t\u00eb fqinj\u00ebve n\u00eb rrjetin IPv6.\n<li class=\"l\"> Interface i sinhronizimit t\u00eb tabelave t\u00eb filtrit t\u00eb paketave pfsync \u00ebsht\u00eb riparuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar funksionimin me bllokimet dhe pajtueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb me pun\u00ebn e ardhshme p\u00ebr paralelizimin e piles s\u00eb rrjetit.\n<li class=\"l\"> Implementimi i korniz\u00ebs drm (Direct Rendering Manager) \u00ebsht\u00eb sinkronizuar me b\u00ebrtham\u00ebn Linux 6.1.55 (n\u00eb l\u00ebshimin e kaluar \u2014 6.1.15). \u00cbsht\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar funksionimi n\u00eb sisteme me procesor\u00eb Intel t\u00eb bazuar n\u00eb mikroarkitektur\u00ebn Alder Lake dhe Raptor Lake.\n<li class=\"l\"> Jan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsime n\u00eb hipervizorin VMM. N\u00eb vmd \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar p\u00ebrkrahja e modelit shum\u00eb-procesor p\u00ebr pajisje virtio bllok dhe rrjetesh. N\u00eb pajisjen virtio bllok \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr hyrje\/ dalje vektoriale n\u00eb modalitetin zero-copy. \u00cbsht\u00eb kufizuar aksesin e sistemeve mikse n\u00eb modet p-state t\u00eb procesor\u00ebve AMD. Pronar\u00ebt <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/vps\/\"   title=\"makinat virtuale\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"2146\">makinat virtuale<\/a> lejohet q\u00eb p\u00ebrmes vmctl t\u00eb rip\u00ebrcaktojn\u00eb kernelin e ngarkimit.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar nj\u00eb skedar i ri p\u00ebrfshir\u00ebs uchar.h me tipet char32_t dhe char16_t, dhe funksionet c32rtomb(), mbrtoc32(), c16rtomb() dhe mbrtoc16(), t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuara n\u00eb standardin C11.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb funksionin malloc \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar opsioni \"D\" p\u00ebr t\u00eb identifikuar rrjedhjet e memories me ndihm\u00ebn e ktrace (\"MALLOC_OPTIONS=D ktrace -tu program\") dhe kdump (\"kdump -u malloc \u2026\").\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb utilitarin make \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr variabl\u00ebn ${.VARIABLES} p\u00ebr t\u00eb printuar emrat e t\u00eb gjitha variablave globale t\u00eb vendosura.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb utilitarin kdump \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar opsioni \"-u\" p\u00ebr t\u00eb zgjedhur pikat e gjurmimit utrace sipas nj\u00eb etikete t\u00eb caktuar.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb utilitarin openrsync jan\u00eb shtuar opsionet \"--size-only\" dhe \"--ignore-times.\"\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb cron dhe crontab \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr offsetet rast\u00ebsore kur jepen intervale vlerash me nj\u00eb hap t\u00eb caktuar, gj\u00eb q\u00eb lejon shmangien e k\u00ebrkes\u00ebs s\u00eb nj\u00ebkohshme t\u00eb burimeve nga makina t\u00eb ndryshme q\u00eb kan\u00eb rregulla t\u00eb nj\u00ebjta n\u00eb cron. P\u00ebr shembull, dh\u00ebnia e \"0~59\/30\" ose \"~\/30\" n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e minutave do t\u00eb sjell\u00eb ekzekutimin e komand\u00ebs dy her\u00eb n\u00eb or\u00eb p\u00ebrmes intervaleve t\u00eb zgjedhura rast\u00ebsisht t\u00eb pasueshme.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb utilitarin wsconsctl \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mund\u00ebsia e hartimit t\u00eb butonave p\u00ebr prekjet me dy ose tre gishta n\u00eb touchpad.\n<li class=\"l\"> Shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr pajisje t\u00eb reja dhe p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb n\u00eb grup ne driver-a t\u00eb rinj.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar instaluar n\u00eb sisteme me procesor\u00eb armv7 dhe arm64.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr ngarkimin e skedar\u00ebve nga ndarja EFI (EFI System Partition).\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb instalues \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr RAID softuerik (softraid). \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar mund\u00ebsia e vendosjes s\u00eb ndarjes rr\u00ebnj\u00ebsore n\u00eb softraid n\u00eb sistemet riscv64 dhe arm64. Softraid \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar n\u00eb ramdisk p\u00ebr arkitektur\u00ebn powerpc64. P\u00ebr arm64 \u00ebsht\u00eb realizuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr enkriptimin e disqeve (Guided Disk Encryption).\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb funksionin malloc \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar kontrolli i t\u00eb gjitha blloqeve n\u00eb list\u00ebn e \u00e7lirimit t\u00eb vonuar t\u00eb memories p\u00ebr t\u00eb identifikuar situatat e shkrimit n\u00eb zon\u00ebn e \u00e7liruar t\u00eb memories.\n<li class=\"l\"> P\u00ebr t\u00eb kryer komand\u00ebn shutdown tani k\u00ebrkohet q\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesi t\u00eb shtohet n\u00eb grupin &#171;_shutdown&#187;, i cili lejon ndarjen e kompetencave t\u00eb lidhura me p\u00ebrfundimin e pun\u00ebs dhe leximin direkt nga pajisjet disk.\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet thirrjes s\u00eb sistemit unveil, utilitari patch \u00ebsht\u00eb i kufizuar n\u00eb qasje vet\u00ebm n\u00eb katalogun aktual, katalogun e skedar\u00ebve p\u00ebrkoh\u00ebsor\u00eb dhe skedar\u00ebt e listuar n\u00eb komand\u00ebn e linj\u00ebs.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar sysctl net.inet6.icmp6.nd6_queued p\u00ebr t\u00eb treguar numrin e paketave q\u00eb presin p\u00ebrgjigje ND6 (n\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje me ARP).\n<li class=\"l\"> Gjat\u00eb konfigurimit t\u00eb adres\u00ebs IPv6 n\u00eb nd\u00ebrfaqen rrjet, \u00ebsht\u00eb siguruar d\u00ebrgimi i njoftimeve p\u00ebr routeur\u00ebt fqinj\u00eb p\u00ebr adres\u00ebn multicast.\n<li class=\"l\"> \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje fillestare p\u00ebr TSO (TCP Segmentation Offload) dhe LRO (TCP Large Receive Offload) p\u00ebr p\u00ebrpunimin e segmenteve dhe bashkimin e paketave n\u00eb an\u00ebn e kart\u00ebs rrjet.\n<li class=\"l\"> Ngarkesa nga b\u00ebrthama e rregullave t\u00eb filtrit t\u00eb paketave pf me utilitarin pfctl \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrshpejtuar. Procesimi i veprimeve &#171;keep state&#187; dhe &#171;nat-to&#187; p\u00ebr mesazhet e kthimit p\u00ebr ICMP t\u00eb gabimeve \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb.\n<li class=\"l\"> Jan\u00eb \u00e7aktivizuar llogaritjet e kontrollit t\u00eb shumave IP, TCP dhe UDP p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrfaqet loopback.\n<li class=\"l\"> Shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje fillestare p\u00ebr <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/vpn\/\"   title=\"VPN\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"243\">VPN<\/a> IPsec, t\u00eb varura nga routing (route-based).\n<li class=\"l\"> N\u00eb bgpd \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr Flowspec (RFC5575, aktualisht mb\u00ebshtetet vet\u00ebm shpallja e rregullave flowspec). Implementimi i ASPA (Autonomous System Provider Authorization) \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatur sipas specifikimeve draft-ietf-sidrops-aspa-verification-16 dhe draft-ietf-sidrops-aspa-profile-16, dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb kaluar n\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimin e tabelave t\u00eb k\u00ebrkimeve q\u00eb nuk varen nga AFI (Address Family Indicator).\n<li class=\"l\"> Performanca e rpki-client \u00ebsht\u00eb rritur me 30-50%. \u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr kompresimin gzip dhe deflate.\n<li class=\"l\"> Jan\u00eb p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsuar paketat LibreSSL dhe OpenSSH. Nj\u00eb pasqyr\u00eb e detajuar e p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimeve mund t\u00eb shikohet n\u00eb pasqyrat e LibreSSL 3.8.0, OpenSSH 9.4 dhe OpenSSH 9.5.\n<li class=\"l\"> Numri i porteve p\u00ebr arkitektur\u00ebn AMD64 arriti n\u00eb 11845 (ishte 11764), p\u00ebr aarch64 &#8212; 11508 (ishte 11561), p\u00ebr i386 &#8212; 10603 (ishte 10572). Nd\u00ebr versionet e aplikacioneve n\u00eb porte:\n<ul>\n<li>Asterisk 16.30.1, 18.19.0, 20.4.0      <\/li>\n<li>Audacity 3.3.3      <\/li>\n<li>CMake 3.27.5      <\/li>\n<li>Chromium 117.0.5938.149      <\/li>\n<li>Emacs 29.1      <\/li>\n<li>FFmpeg 4.4.4      <\/li>\n<li>GCC 8.4.0 dhe 11.2.0      <\/li>\n<li>GHC 9.2.7      <\/li>\n<li>GNOME 44      <\/li>\n<li>Go 1.21.1      <\/li>\n<li>JDK 8u382, 11.0.20 dhe 17.0.8      <\/li>\n<li>KDE Applications 23.08.0      <\/li>\n<li>KDE Frameworks 5.110.0      <\/li>\n<li>Krita 5.1.5      <\/li>\n<li>LLVM\/Clang 13.0.0 dhe 16.0.6      <\/li>\n<li>LibreOffice 7.6.2.1      <\/li>\n<li>Lua 5.1.5, 5.2.4, 5.3.6 dhe 5.4.6      <\/li>\n<li>MariaDB 10.9.6      <\/li>\n<li>Mono 6.12.0.199      <\/li>\n<li>Mozilla Firefox 118.0.1 dhe ESR 115.3.1      <\/li>\n<li>Mozilla Thunderbird 115.3.1      <\/li>\n<li>Mutt 2.2.12 dhe NeoMutt 20230517      <\/li>\n<li>Node.js 18.18.0      <\/li>\n<li>OpenLDAP 2.6.6      <\/li>\n<li>PHP 7.4.33, 8.0.30, 8.1.24 dhe 8.2.11      <\/li>\n<li>Postfix 3.7.3      <\/li>\n<li>PostgreSQL 15.4      <\/li>\n<li>Python 2.7.18, 3.9.18, 3.10.13 dhe 3.11.5      <\/li>\n<li>Qt 5.15.10 dhe 6.5.2      <\/li>\n<li>R 4.2.3      <\/li>\n<li>Ruby 3.0.6, 3.1.4 dhe 3.2.2      <\/li>\n<li>Rust 1.72.1      <\/li>\n<li>SQLite 3.42.0      <\/li>\n<li>Shotcut 23.07.29      <\/li>\n<li>Sudo 1.9.14.2      <\/li>\n<li>Suricata 6.0.12      <\/li>\n<li>Tcl\/Tk 8.5.19 dhe 8.6.13      <\/li>\n<li>TeX Live 2022      <\/li>\n<li>Vim 9.0.1897 dhe Neovim 0.9.1      <\/li>\n<li>Xfce 4.18    <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Komponent\u00ebt e zhvilluesve t\u00eb tret\u00eb q\u00eb p\u00ebrfshihen n\u00eb OpenBSD 7.3 jan\u00eb p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsuar:\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> Stoku grafik Xenocara i bazuar n\u00eb X.Org 7.7 me xserver 21.1.8 + patch, freetype 2.13.0, fontconfig 2.14.2, Mesa 22.3.7, xterm 378, xkeyboard-config 2.20, fonttosfnt 1.2.2.  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\">    LLVM\/Clang 13.0.0 (+ patch)  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\">    GCC 4.2.1 (+ patch) dhe 3.3.6 (+ patch)  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\">    Perl 5.36.1 (+ patches)  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\">    NSD 4.7.0  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\">    Unbound 1.18  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\">    Ncurses 5.7  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\">    Binutils 2.17 (+ patch)  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\">  Gdb 6.3 (+ patch)  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\">  Awk 12.9.2023  <\/li>\n<li class=\"l\">  Expat 2.5.0.  <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Burimi: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=59942\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 UNIX-\u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b OpenBSD 7.4. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 OpenBSD \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0422\u044d\u043e \u0434\u0435 \u0420\u0430\u0430\u0434\u0442\u043e\u043c (Theo de Raadt) \u0432 1995 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u0441 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 NetBSD, \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0422\u044d\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u043a CVS \u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044e NetBSD. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0422\u044d\u043e \u0434\u0435 \u0420\u0430\u0430\u0434\u0442 \u0441 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u043e\u0439 \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043b \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432 NetBSD \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u0443\u044e [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-110888","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.2.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a 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