{"id":111523,"date":"2023-11-15T15:10:13","date_gmt":"2023-11-15T13:10:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/uyazvimost-v-cpu-amd-pozvolyayushhaya-obojti-mehanizm-zashhity-sev-secure-encrypted-virtualization"},"modified":"2023-11-15T15:10:13","modified_gmt":"2023-11-15T13:10:13","slug":"uyazvimost-v-cpu-amd-pozvolyayushhaya-obojti-mehanizm-zashhity-sev-secure-encrypted-virtualization","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/uyazvimost-v-cpu-amd-pozvolyayushhaya-obojti-mehanizm-zashhity-sev-secure-encrypted-virtualization","title":{"rendered":"Nj\u00eb dob\u00ebsi n\u00eb CPU-n\u00eb AMD, e cila lejon kalimin e mekanizmit t\u00eb mbrojtjes SEV (Virtualizimi i Enkriptuar t\u00eb Sigurt)","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Studjuesit e Qendr\u00ebs Helmholtz p\u00ebr Sigurin\u00eb e Informacionit (CISPA) publikuan nj\u00eb metod\u00eb t\u00eb re sulmi CacheWarp, e cila lejon kompromisimin e mekanizmit t\u00eb mbrojtjes AMD SEV (Virtualizimi i Enkriptuar t\u00eb Sigurt), i aplikuar n\u00eb sistemet e virtualizimit p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbrojtur makinat virtuale nga nd\u00ebrhyrja e hipervizorit ose administratorit t\u00eb sistemit host. Metoda e propozuar i lejon sulmuesit, q\u00eb ka akses n\u00eb hipervizor, t\u00eb arrij\u00eb ekzekutimin e kodit t\u00eb jasht\u00ebm dhe rritjen e privilegjeve n\u00eb nj\u00eb makin\u00eb virtuale t\u00eb mbrojtur me AMD SEV.        <\/p>\n<p>Sulmi bazohet n\u00eb shfryt\u00ebzimin e nj\u00eb dob\u00ebsie (CVE-2023-20592), e shkaktuar nga m\u00ebnyra e pap\u00ebrshtatshme e pun\u00ebs me cache gjat\u00eb ekzekutimit t\u00eb udh\u00ebzimit t\u00eb procesorit INVD, me t\u00eb cilin mund t\u00eb arrihet moskoordinimi i t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave n\u00eb memorie dhe cache, dhe t\u00eb kalohen mekanizmat e ruajtjes s\u00eb integritetit t\u00eb memories s\u00eb makinave virtuale, t\u00eb implementuar mbi baz\u00ebn e zgjerimeve SEV-ES dhe SEV-SNP. Kjo dob\u00ebsi prek procesor\u00ebt AMD EPYC nga brezi i par\u00eb deri n\u00eb t\u00eb tretin.       <\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebr procesor\u00ebt AMD EPYC t\u00eb brezit t\u00eb tret\u00eb (Zen 3), problemi \u00ebsht\u00eb zgjidhur n\u00eb p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimin e mikropro\u00e7esorit t\u00eb n\u00ebntorit, t\u00eb publikuar dje nga AMD (korrigjimi nuk shkakton r\u00ebnie t\u00eb performanc\u00ebs). P\u00ebr brezat e par\u00eb dhe t\u00eb dyt\u00eb t\u00eb AMD EPYC (Zen 1 dhe Zen 2) nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb parashikuar mbrojtja, pasi n\u00eb k\u00ebta CPU mungon mb\u00ebshtetja p\u00ebr zgjerimin SEV-SNP, i cili siguron kontrollin e integritetit. <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/vps\/\"   title=\"makinave virtuale\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"2102\">makinave virtuale<\/a>. Brezi t\u00eb kat\u00ebrt t\u00eb procesor\u00ebve AMD AMD EPYC \u00abGenoa\u00bb t\u00eb bazuar n\u00eb mikroarkitektur\u00ebn \u00abZen 4\u00bb nuk jan\u00eb t\u00eb preksh\u00ebm nga k\u00ebt\u00eb lloj cenimi.          <\/p>\n<p>Teknologjia AMD SEV aplikohet p\u00ebr izolimin e makinave virtuale nga ofrues t\u00eb till\u00eb si Amazon Web Services (AWS), Google Cloud, Microsoft Azure dhe Oracle Compute Infrastructure (OCI). Mbrojtja AMD SEV realizohet p\u00ebrmes enkriptimit n\u00eb nivelin e harduerit t\u00eb memories s\u00eb makinave virtuale. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, p\u00ebrmes zgjerimit SEV-ES (Status i Enkriptuar) realizohet mbrojtja e regjistrave t\u00eb CPU-s\u00eb. Qasja n\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e dekriptuara ka vet\u00ebm sistemi aktual mysafir, nd\u00ebrsa t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/vps\/abuzoustojchivye-vps\/\"   title=\"makinat virtuale\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"4223\">makinat virtuale<\/a> dhe hipervizori, gjat\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekjes p\u00ebr t\u00eb qassur k\u00ebt\u00eb memorie, marrin nj\u00eb grup t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash t\u00eb enkriptuara.       <\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb brezin e tret\u00eb t\u00eb procesor\u00ebve AMD EPYC \u00ebsht\u00eb implementuar nj\u00eb zgjerim shtes\u00eb SEV-SNP (Paginim i Sigurt t\u00eb Njeshtruar), i cili siguron nj\u00eb funksionim t\u00eb sigurt me tabelat e paginimit t\u00eb njeshtruar. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 enkriptimit t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm t\u00eb memories dhe izolimit t\u00eb regjistrave, n\u00eb SEV-SNP jan\u00eb implementuar mjete shtes\u00eb p\u00ebr mbrojtjen e integritetit t\u00eb memories, duke mos lejuar nd\u00ebrrimin e VM nga hipervizori. Menaxhimi i \u00e7el\u00ebsave t\u00eb enkriptimit realizohet nga nj\u00eb procesor i integruar n\u00eb \u00e7ip PSP (Platform Security Processor), i implementuar mbi baz\u00ebn e arkitektur\u00ebs ARM.     <\/p>\n<p>Thelbi i metod\u00ebs s\u00eb propozuar t\u00eb sulmit \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimi i instrukcionit INVD p\u00ebr t\u00eb anuluar blloqet (linjat) n\u00eb cache t\u00eb faqeve t\u00eb ndotura (dirty) pa resetuar t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e akumuluara n\u00eb cache n\u00eb memorie (write-back). K\u00ebshtu, metoda lejon q\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e modifikuara t\u00eb p\u00ebrzihen nga cache, pa ndryshuar gjendjen e memories. P\u00ebr t\u00eb realizuar sulmin, propozohet p\u00ebrdorimi i p\u00ebrjashtimeve programore (fault injection) p\u00ebr t\u00eb nd\u00ebrprer\u00eb funksionimin e makin\u00ebs virtuale n\u00eb dy vende: n\u00eb vendin e par\u00eb, sulmuesi th\u00ebrret instrukcionin \u00abwbnoinvd\u00bb p\u00ebr t\u00eb shkarkuar t\u00eb gjitha operacionet e akumuluara t\u00eb shkruara n\u00eb memorie, dhe n\u00eb vendin e dyt\u00eb th\u00ebrret instrukcionin \u00abinvd\u00bb p\u00ebr t\u00eb rikthyer operacionet e shkruara q\u00eb nuk jan\u00eb reflektuar n\u00eb memorie n\u00eb gjendjen e m\u00ebparshme.      <\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebr t\u00eb verifikuar sistemet e tyre p\u00ebr prani t\u00eb dob\u00ebsis\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb publikuar nj\u00eb prototip i eksploitit, i cili lejon realizimin e z\u00ebvend\u00ebsimit t\u00eb p\u00ebrjashtimit n\u00eb nj\u00eb makin\u00eb virtuale t\u00eb mbrojtur p\u00ebrmes AMD SEV, dhe rikthimin e ndryshimeve q\u00eb nuk jan\u00eb ruajtur n\u00eb memorie n\u00eb VM n\u00eb gjendjen e vjet\u00ebr. Rikthimi i ndryshim t\u00eb mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndryshuar rrjedh\u00ebn e ekzekutimit t\u00eb programit duke kthyer adres\u00ebn e vjet\u00ebr t\u00eb rikthimit n\u00eb stack, ose p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur parametra t\u00eb sesionit t\u00eb vjet\u00ebr, p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilin ishte realizuar m\u00eb par\u00eb autentifikimi, duke kthyer vler\u00ebn e shenj\u00ebs s\u00eb autentifikimit.      <\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebr shembull, studiuesit demonstruan mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e aplikimit t\u00eb metod\u00ebs CacheWarp p\u00ebr t\u00eb realizuar nj\u00eb sulm Bellcore mbi implementimin e algoritmit RSA-CRT n\u00eb bibliotek\u00ebn ipp-crypto, e cila leht\u00ebsoi rikthimin e \u00e7el\u00ebsit t\u00eb mbyllur p\u00ebrmes z\u00ebvend\u00ebsimit t\u00eb gabimeve gjat\u00eb llogaritjes s\u00eb n\u00ebnshkrimit digjital. Po ashtu, u tregua se si mund t\u00eb z\u00ebvend\u00ebsohen parametrat e kontrolleve t\u00eb sesionit n\u00eb OpenSSH gjat\u00eb lidhjes n\u00eb distanc\u00eb me sistemin mysafir, dhe m\u00eb pas t\u00eb ndryshohet gjendja e kontrollit gjat\u00eb ekzekutimit t\u00eb utilitarit sudo p\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb t\u00eb drejtat root n\u00eb Ubuntu 20.04. Funksionimi i eksploitit \u00ebsht\u00eb verifikuar n\u00eb sisteme me procesor\u00ebt AMD EPYC 7252, 7313P dhe 7443.<br \/>\n<br \/>Burimi: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=60118\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0418\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0426\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0413\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0446\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 (CISPA) \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438 CacheWarp, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u044b AMD SEV (Secure Encrypted Virtualization), \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u044b \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d \u043e\u0442 \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0448\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u043e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u044b \u0433\u0438\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442-\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b. \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u043b\u043e\u0443\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0443, \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0449\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u043a \u0433\u0438\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0440\u0443, \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u0432\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0435, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-111523","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-novosti-interneta"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.0.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0418\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0426\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0413\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0446\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 (CISPA) \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 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AMD, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u044b SEV (Secure Encrypted Virtualization) | ProHoster\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0418\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0426\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0413\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0446\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 (CISPA) \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438 CacheWarp, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 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