James Bottomley nga IBM Research, i cili mbik\u00ebqyr subsystemet SCSI dhe PA-RISC n\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebn Linux dhe m\u00eb par\u00eb ka drejtuar komitetin teknik t\u00eb Fondacionit Linux, ka propozuar nj\u00eb zgjidhje p\u00ebr problemin e mundsh\u00ebm t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb zhvilluesve t\u00eb kodit t\u00eb hapur p\u00ebr gabimet n\u00eb kod ose p\u00ebr mir\u00ebmbajtjen e pap\u00ebrshtatshme t\u00eb dob\u00ebsive. <\/p>\n
Ideja \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb transferohet p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsia ligjore p\u00ebr gabimet n\u00eb kodin burimor nga zhvilluesit e projekteve t\u00eb hapura te ofruesit e produkteve komerciale p\u00ebrfundimtare t\u00eb bazuar n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb kod, pra t\u00eb zhvendoset p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsia nga ai q\u00eb zhvillon kodin te ai q\u00eb fiton nga ky kod. P\u00ebr shembull, n\u00ebse nj\u00eb kompani p\u00ebrdor kod t\u00eb hapur t\u00eb jasht\u00ebm n\u00eb produktin e saj dhe nj\u00eb gabim\/dob\u00ebsi n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb kod shkakton d\u00ebm p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesin, at\u00ebher\u00eb prodhuesi i produktit komercial t\u00eb transmetuar p\u00ebrdoruesit duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigjet dhe t\u00eb kompensoj\u00eb d\u00ebmin, jo zhvilluesi i bibliotek\u00ebs s\u00eb hapur. <\/p>\n
Propozimi p\u00ebr transfert\u00ebn e p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsis\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb realizohet p\u00ebrmes nj\u00eb klauzole t\u00eb bashkangjitur me licenc\u00ebn, e cila do t\u00eb tregoj\u00eb se pajtohet t\u00eb kompensoj\u00eb humbjet dhe t\u00eb mbroj\u00eb pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebsit n\u00eb zhvillim nga \u00e7do pretendim juridik n\u00eb rastin e p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb plot\u00eb ose t\u00eb pjessh\u00ebm t\u00eb kodit burimor t\u00eb ofruar n\u00ebn k\u00ebt\u00eb licenc\u00eb si nj\u00eb komponent ose produkt n\u00eb juridiksionet q\u00eb vendosin detyrime shtes\u00eb p\u00ebr mb\u00ebshtetje t\u00eb produkteve software. <\/p>\n
N\u00eb praktik\u00ebn e tanishme, p\u00ebr t\u00eb eliminuar rreziqet juridike, mjafton t\u00eb ket\u00eb nj\u00eb paralajm\u00ebrim \"AS IS\" n\u00eb licenc\u00eb, ku shpallet se zhvilluesi nuk merr p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsi p\u00ebr gabimet, nuk jep garanci p\u00ebr funksionalitetin e kodit dhe nuk pranon detyrime p\u00ebr zgjidhjen e problemeve, nd\u00ebrsa konsumatori pranon t\u00eb p\u00ebrdor\u00eb kodin me rrezik t\u00eb vet. Mungesa e garancive nga zhvilluesit nxiti zhvillimin e nj\u00eb modeli biznesi me baz\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetje teknike t\u00eb paguar, i cili dominoi n\u00eb faz\u00ebn e hershme t\u00eb formimit t\u00eb ekosistemit t\u00eb softuerit me burim t\u00eb hapur. <\/p>\n
Me p\u00ebrhapjen e kodit t\u00eb hapur n\u00eb industri dhe rritjen e interesit t\u00eb korporatave p\u00ebr ta p\u00ebrdorur, koncepti i ndikimit n\u00eb zhvillim p\u00ebrmes fondeve jofitimprur\u00ebse filloi t\u00eb zhvillohej - n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb projekti t\u00eb madh, krijohet nj\u00eb fond q\u00eb merr financim p\u00ebr zhvillimin nga kompani t\u00eb m\u00ebdha, t\u00eb cil\u00ebve n\u00eb k\u00ebmbim u ofrohet mund\u00ebsia p\u00ebr t'u angazhuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb bord teknik mbik\u00ebqyr\u00ebs dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb pjes\u00eb n\u00eb vendimmarrjen kolegjiale mbi zhvillimin e m\u00ebtejsh\u00ebm. Shfaqja e fondeve transformoi perceptimin e projekteve t\u00eb hapura, t\u00eb cilat tani po perceptoheshin si nj\u00eb mjet p\u00ebr zhvillimin e industris\u00eb teknologjike, dhe jo si nj\u00eb streh\u00eb t\u00eb \u00e7rregullt p\u00ebr vullnetar\u00ebt. Ndryshoi gjithashtu perceptimi i p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsis\u00eb p\u00ebr problemet n\u00eb kodin e hapur - n\u00eb vend t\u00eb mbrojtjes s\u00eb individ\u00ebve zhvillues, pika mbi munges\u00ebn e detyrimeve filloi t\u00eb perceptohej si nj\u00eb mund\u00ebsi p\u00ebr t'u shmangur p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsis\u00eb nga kompanit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha q\u00eb krijojn\u00eb produkte t\u00eb hapura. <\/p>\n
Situata me heqjen e obligimeve mund t\u00eb ndryshoj\u00eb n\u00eb rast se miratohet n\u00eb Bashkimin Evropian projekti i ligjit t\u00eb Cyber Resilience Act, i cili ngarkon nj\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsi t\u00eb caktuar p\u00ebr prodhuesit e softuerit q\u00eb nuk kujdesen si\u00e7 duhet p\u00ebr sigurin\u00eb dhe nuk rregullojn\u00eb menj\u00ebher\u00eb vulnerabilitetet gjat\u00eb ciklit t\u00eb jet\u00ebs s\u00eb produktit. Ky projektligj prek prodhuesit e softuerit komercial dhe, sipas pun\u00ebs s\u00eb kryer, do t\u00eb ofroj\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrjashtim t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb p\u00ebr softuerin n\u00ebn licencat e hapura, por nuk ka asnj\u00eb garanci se n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen diku nuk do t\u00eb miratohet nj\u00eb ligj i ngjash\u00ebm pa p\u00ebrjashtime t\u00eb tilla. <\/p>\n
Si nj\u00eb shembull i rreziqeve t\u00eb lidhura me p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsin\u00eb e zhvilluesve, p\u00ebrmendet gjithashtu nj\u00eb padi e iniciuar n\u00eb Mbret\u00ebrin\u00eb e Bashkuar, n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn kompania Tulip Trading, e cila humbi rreth 4 miliard dollar\u00eb n\u00eb bitcoin gjat\u00eb nj\u00eb sulmi kibernetik, po k\u00ebrkon nga zhvilluesit e sistemit Bitcoin q\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb ndryshime n\u00eb kodin e blockchain p\u00ebr t\u00eb rikuperuar shum\u00ebn e humbur. Padi \u00ebsht\u00eb ngritur kund\u00ebr zhvilluesve t\u00eb kodit t\u00eb mjeteve, dhe jo ndaj operator\u00ebve t\u00eb rrjetit Bitcoin. Gjykata e shkall\u00ebs s\u00eb par\u00eb e refuzoi k\u00ebrkes\u00ebn bazuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb klauzol\u00eb t\u00eb licenc\u00ebs p\u00ebr shp\u00eblarjen nga p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsia, por shqyrtimi u vazhdua n\u00eb gjykat\u00ebn e apelit, e cila duket se gjithashtu do ta refuzoj\u00eb padin\u00eb, por k\u00ebt\u00eb her\u00eb p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb paaft\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb kompanis\u00eb Tulip Trading p\u00ebr t\u00eb provuar pron\u00ebsin\u00eb e bitcoin-\u00ebve p\u00ebr shum\u00ebn e pretenduar. \u0414\u0436\u0435\u0439\u043c\u0441 \u0411\u043e\u0442\u0442\u043e\u043c\u043b\u0438 (James Bottomley) \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f IBM Research, \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b SCSI \u0438 PA-RISC \u0432 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0435 Linux \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442 Linux Foundation, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u043b \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0441 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043a \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0434\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439. \u0418\u0434\u0435\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0442\u044c \u044e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c 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Burimi: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"