{"id":116505,"date":"2024-06-12T18:05:44","date_gmt":"2024-06-12T16:05:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/v-yadre-linux-poyavitsya-vozmozhnost-ispolzovaniya-ebpf-dlya-sozdaniya-planirovshhikov-zadach"},"modified":"2024-06-12T18:05:44","modified_gmt":"2024-06-12T16:05:44","slug":"v-yadre-linux-poyavitsya-vozmozhnost-ispolzovaniya-ebpf-dlya-sozdaniya-planirovshhikov-zadach","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/v-yadre-linux-poyavitsya-vozmozhnost-ispolzovaniya-ebpf-dlya-sozdaniya-planirovshhikov-zadach","title":{"rendered":"N\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebn e Linux do t\u00eb ket\u00eb mund\u00ebsi p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdorimin e eBPF p\u00ebr t\u00eb krijuar planifikues detyrash","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"
Linus Torvalds ka shprehur gatishm\u00ebrin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb pranuar n\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebn Linux 6.11, e cila pritet t\u00eb dal\u00eb n\u00eb fund t\u00eb shtatorit, patches me implementimin e mekanizmit 'sched_ext' (SCX), q\u00eb lejon p\u00ebrdorimin e eBPF p\u00ebr krijimin e planifikuesve t\u00eb CPU, q\u00eb mbulojn\u00eb praktikisht t\u00eb gjitha aspektet e planifikimit t\u00eb ekzekutimit t\u00eb detyrave dhe shp\u00ebrndarjes s\u00eb burimeve t\u00eb CPU. Planifikues t\u00eb till\u00eb mund t\u00eb ngarkohen dinamikisht dhe t\u00eb ekzekutohen brenda b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs Linux n\u00eb nj\u00eb makin\u00eb virtuale eBPF, ku, p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb kompilimit JIT, bytecode translohohet n\u00eb instruksione makinerie dhe ekzekutohet me performanc\u00ebn e kodit t\u00eb p\u00ebrkompiluara.<\/p>\n
Patch-\u00ebt e propozuara zbatojn\u00eb nj\u00eb klas\u00eb t\u00eb re planifikimi SCHED_EXT, p\u00ebr t\u00eb cil\u00ebn ndalohet p\u00ebrpar\u00ebsia e thirrjes nga b\u00ebrthama midis klasave SCHED_IDLE dhe SCHED_NORMAL. Kjo nuk lejon q\u00eb proceset BPF t\u00eb lidhura me SCHED_EXT t\u00eb ndikojn\u00eb n\u00eb detyrat q\u00eb tashm\u00eb jan\u00eb lidhur me planifikuesin e detyrave standard (SCHED_NORMAL), por ofron mund\u00ebsin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb lidhur detyra t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta me SCHED_EXT ose p\u00ebr t\u00eb zhvendosur p\u00ebrpunimin e t\u00eb gjitha proceseve q\u00eb kan\u00eb p\u00ebrpar\u00ebsi m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt se ekzekutimi n\u00eb koh\u00eb reale. N\u00ebse nuk jan\u00eb t\u00eb lidhura proceset BPF me SCHED_EXT, t\u00eb gjitha proceset e zhvendosura n\u00eb klas\u00ebn SCHED_EXT do t\u00eb p\u00ebrpunohen me planifikuesin SCHED_NORMAL. Puna e proces\u00ebve BPF p\u00ebrfshin analizimin e rreshtave t\u00eb detyrave q\u00eb presin p\u00ebr tu ekzekutuar n\u00eb CPU (nj\u00eb rresht global dhe nga nj\u00eb rresht p\u00ebr secil\u00ebn b\u00ebrtham\u00eb CPU), dhe zgjedhjen e detyr\u00ebs q\u00eb duhet t'i jepet burimeve t\u00eb CPU kur \u00e7lirohet nj\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00eb CPU.<\/p>\n
Mekanizmi sched_ext e thjeshton krijimin e planifikuesve specifik\u00eb p\u00ebr detyra t\u00eb caktuara, duke ofruar mund\u00ebsin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb eksperimentuar me teknika dhe strategji t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb planifikimit, si dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb krijuar shpejt prototipa funksional\u00eb dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb z\u00ebvend\u00ebsuar planifikuesit n\u00eb koh\u00eb reale n\u00eb infrastrukturat e pun\u00ebs. P\u00ebr shembull, me ndihm\u00ebn e sched_ext mund t\u00eb krijoni nj\u00eb planifikues q\u00eb merr parasysh specifikat e nj\u00eb aplikacioni t\u00eb caktuar dhe nd\u00ebrron dinamikisht strategjin\u00eb e planifikimit t\u00eb ekzekutimit t\u00eb tij n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb gjendjes s\u00eb sistemit dhe faktor\u00ebve t\u00eb tjer\u00eb shtes\u00eb. <\/p>\n
Aktualisht, po zhvillohen rreth nj\u00eb duzin\u00eb planifikuesish n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb sched_ext, logjika e planifikimit t\u00eb detyrave t\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebve p\u00ebrcaktohet n\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn e p\u00ebrdoruesit dhe ngarkohet n\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00eb n\u00eb form\u00ebn e programeve BPF:<\/p>\n
\n
scx_layered \u2014 nj\u00eb planifikues hibrid detyrash, q\u00eb ndan detyrat n\u00eb shtresa, p\u00ebr secil\u00ebn prej t\u00eb cilave p\u00ebrdoret nj\u00eb strategji planifikimi e ve\u00e7ant\u00eb. P\u00ebr shembull, scx_layered lejon ndarjen n\u00eb nj\u00eb shtres\u00eb t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb disa detyra, p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilat do t\u00eb ofrohen burime t\u00eb garantuara t\u00eb CPU, ose t\u00eb rritet prioriteti i aplikacioneve t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta. Planifikuesi po zhvillohet nga kompania Meta. Logjika e gjenerimit t\u00eb BPF q\u00eb punon n\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn e p\u00ebrdoruesit \u00ebsht\u00eb shkruar n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn Rust.\n
scx_rustland \u2014 nj\u00eb planifikues i optimizuar p\u00ebr rritjen e prioritetit t\u00eb detyrave interaktive n\u00eb sfondin e detyrave q\u00eb ngarkohet intensivisht CPU. P\u00ebr shembull, n\u00eb testin e nisjes s\u00eb aplikacionit loj\u00ebrave Terraria nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht me nd\u00ebrtimin e b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs, planifikuesi scx_rustland arriti t\u00eb siguroj\u00eb nj\u00eb FPS m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb n\u00eb loj\u00eb se sa duke p\u00ebrdorur planifikuesin standard EEVDF. Projekti po zhvillohet nga nj\u00eb punonj\u00ebs i kompanis\u00eb Canonical. Logjika e gjenerimit t\u00eb BPF q\u00eb punon n\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn e p\u00ebrdoruesit \u00ebsht\u00eb shkruar n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn Rust.\n
scx_lavd \u2014 implementimi i algoritmit t\u00eb planifikimit t\u00eb detyrave LAVD (Latency-criticality Aware Virtual Deadline), i cili merr parasysh r\u00ebnd\u00ebsin\u00eb e p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimit t\u00eb vonesave p\u00ebr detyra t\u00eb specifikuara dhe p\u00ebrdor informacionin mbi p\u00ebrparimin e procesit p\u00ebr t\u00eb marr\u00eb vendime mbi shp\u00ebrndarjen e burimeve t\u00eb CPU. Planifikuesi po zhvillohet nga kompanit\u00eb Igalia dhe Valve p\u00ebr t\u00eb reduktuar vonesat n\u00eb loj\u00ebrat kompjuterike dhe detyrat interaktive. Logjika e gjenerimit t\u00eb BPF q\u00eb punon n\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn e p\u00ebrdoruesit \u00ebsht\u00eb shkruar n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn Rust.\n
scx_rusty, scx_rlfifo, scx_mitosis \u2014 shembuj planifikuesish me komponent\u00eb n\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn e p\u00ebrdoruesit n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn Rust, q\u00eb zbatojn\u00eb balancimin midis grupeve t\u00eb detyrave n\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje me ngarkes\u00ebn, nj\u00eb planifikues FIFO m\u00eb t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb dhe nj\u00eb planifikues p\u00ebr lidhjen e grupeve t\u00eb detyrave me b\u00ebrthamat e CPU.\n
scx_central, scx_flatcg, scx_nest, scx_pair, scx_qmap, scx_simple, scx_userland \u2014 shembuj planifikuesish me komponent\u00eb n\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn e p\u00ebrdoruesit n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn C, q\u00eb ilustrojn\u00eb mund\u00ebsi t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb sched-ext.\n<\/ul>\n
Fillimi, mekanizmi sched_ext u propozua p\u00ebr shqyrtim nga zhvilluesit e kernit n\u00eb vitin 2022, pas s\u00eb cil\u00ebs u publikuan gjasht\u00eb redaktime t\u00eb patch-it. Pavar\u00ebsisht munges\u00ebs s\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetjes n\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebn kryesore, p\u00ebr shp\u00ebrndarjet Ubuntu, Arch Linux, Fedora dhe NixOS ofrohet mund\u00ebsia e instalimit t\u00eb sched_ext p\u00ebrmes paketave shtes\u00eb. Kompania Canonical po shqyrton mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e p\u00ebrfshirjes s\u00eb komponent\u00ebve sched-ext n\u00eb Ubuntu 24.10, nd\u00ebrsa kompania Valve po punon p\u00ebr integrimin e sched_ext n\u00eb Steam Deck. N\u00eb kompanin\u00eb Meta, planifikuesi i bazuar n\u00eb sched_ext \u00ebsht\u00eb tashm\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrdorim n\u00eb infrastruktur\u00ebn e saj operative. <\/p>\n
Kompania Google po eksperimenton me p\u00ebrdorimin e korniz\u00ebs s\u00eb saj ghOSt, e cila lejon ndikimin n\u00eb vendimet e planifikuesit t\u00eb detyrave p\u00ebrmes programeve BPF. Aktualisht ka filluar puna p\u00ebr portimin e ghOSt n\u00eb sched_ext. Google gjithashtu po zhvillon portin e sched_ext p\u00ebr ChromeOS me q\u00ebllimin p\u00ebr ta p\u00ebrdorur p\u00ebr aktivizimin e planifikuesit hibrid scx_layered p\u00ebr t\u00eb reduktuar vonesat pa p\u00ebrdorur zgjatje p\u00ebr funksionimin n\u00eb koh\u00eb reale. Kompania Oculus po zhvillon portin e sched_ext p\u00ebr Android. \n Burimi: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"