{"id":117814,"date":"2024-07-18T15:43:01","date_gmt":"2024-07-18T13:43:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/ataka-port-shadow-pozvolyayushhaya-perenapravlyat-soedineniya-drugih-polzovatelej-vpn-i-wi-fi"},"modified":"2024-07-18T15:43:01","modified_gmt":"2024-07-18T13:43:04","slug":"ataka-port-shadow-pozvolyayushhaya-perenapravlyat-soedineniya-drugih-polzovatelej-vpn-i-wi-fi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/ataka-port-shadow-pozvolyayushhaya-perenapravlyat-soedineniya-drugih-polzovatelej-vpn-i-wi-fi","title":{"rendered":"Sulmi Port Shadow, i cili lejon ridrejtimin e lidhjeve t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesve t\u00eb tjer\u00eb VPN dhe Wi-Fi","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Nj\u00eb grup studiuesish nga universitete kanadeze dhe amerikane ka zhvilluar nj\u00eb teknik\u00eb sulmi t\u00eb quajtur Port Shadow, e cila lejon manipulimin e tabelave t\u00eb p\u00ebrkthimit t\u00eb adresave n\u00eb an\u00ebn e serverit VPN p\u00ebr t\u00eb d\u00ebrguar p\u00ebrgjigjen e nj\u00eb k\u00ebrkese te nj\u00eb p\u00ebrdorues tjet\u00ebr q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb i lidhur n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin server VPN. Kjo metod\u00eb mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret p\u00ebr t\u00eb organizuar kapjen ose ridrejtimin e trafikut t\u00eb enkriptuar, p\u00ebr t\u00eb kryer skanime portesh dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb deanonimizuar p\u00ebrdoruesit e VPN. Si shembull, tregohet se si mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret metoda p\u00ebr t\u00eb ridrejtimi i k\u00ebrkesave DNS t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesit q\u00eb punon p\u00ebrmes serverit VPN, p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilin sulmuesi ka mund\u00ebsin\u00eb t\u00eb lidh\u00eb si klient. <\/p>\n

P\u00ebr t\u00eb kryer sulmin, sulmuesi duhet t\u00eb ket\u00eb mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e lidhjes me nj\u00eb VPN<\/a>-server me viktim\u00eb, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundshme, p\u00ebr shembull, duke p\u00ebrdorur operator\u00eb tipik\u00eb VPN dhe sh\u00ebrbime VPN publike q\u00eb ofrojn\u00eb akses p\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb. Vulnerabiliteti prek server\u00ebt VPN q\u00eb p\u00ebrdorin NAT p\u00ebr t\u00eb organizuar aksesin e klient\u00ebve n\u00eb burime t\u00eb jashtme, duke pasur parasysh q\u00eb p\u00ebr pranimin e trafik from clients dhe p\u00ebr d\u00ebrgimin e k\u00ebrkesave n\u00eb faqet e jashtme, serveri<\/a> duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret e nj\u00ebjta adres\u00eb IP. <\/p>\n

Sulmi bazohet n\u00eb d\u00ebrgimin e k\u00ebrkesave t\u00eb formuluara n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb, ku sulmuesi, i lidhur me t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin server VPN dhe duke p\u00ebrdorur NAT t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt, mund t\u00eb arrij\u00eb t\u00eb dekurajoj\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtjen e tabelave t\u00eb translacionit t\u00eb adresave. Kjo do t\u00eb \u00e7oj\u00eb n\u00eb d\u00ebrgimin e paketave, t\u00eb adresuara p\u00ebr nj\u00eb p\u00ebrdorues, tek nj\u00eb p\u00ebrdorues tjet\u00ebr. N\u00eb tabelat e translacionit t\u00eb adresave, informacioni p\u00ebr se cilit IP t\u00eb brendsh\u00ebm i \u00ebsht\u00eb asociuar k\u00ebrkesa e d\u00ebrguar p\u00ebrcaktohet nga numri i portit t\u00eb rrjetit t\u00eb origjin\u00ebs, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur gjat\u00eb d\u00ebrgimit t\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00ebs. Sulmuesi, duke d\u00ebrguar paketa t\u00eb caktuara SYN dhe ACK, dhe nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht manipulime nga lidhja e klientit me serverin VPN dhe nga nj\u00eb server t\u00eb jasht\u00ebm t\u00eb kontrolluar nga sulmuesi, mund t\u00eb arrij\u00eb nj\u00eb kolizion n\u00eb tabel\u00ebn NAT dhe t\u00eb shtoj\u00eb nj\u00eb regjistrim me t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin num\u00ebr porti t\u00eb origjin\u00ebs, por t\u00eb asociuar me adres\u00ebn e tij lokale, duke b\u00ebr\u00eb q\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigjet p\u00ebr k\u00ebrkesat e huaja t\u00eb kthehen n\u00eb adres\u00ebn e sulmuesit.

\"Sulmi<\/center> <\/p>\n

Gjat\u00eb studimit, u testuan sistemet e p\u00ebrkthimit t\u00eb adresave n\u00eb Linux dhe FreeBSD n\u00eb kombinim me VPN OpenVPN, OpenConnect dhe WireGuard. Platforma FreeBSD u tregua e paprekur nga metodat e sulmit p\u00ebr ridrejtimin e k\u00ebrkesave nga p\u00ebrdorues t\u00eb tjer\u00eb t\u00eb lidhur me t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin VPN. Z\u00ebvend\u00ebsimi n\u00eb tabelat NAT u arrit vet\u00ebm gjat\u00eb sulmit ATIP (Adjacent-to-In-Path), ku sulmuesi mund t\u00eb futet n\u00eb trafik midis p\u00ebrdoruesit dhe VPN-serverit (p.sh., kur p\u00ebrdoruesi lidhet me nj\u00eb rrjet Wi-Fi t\u00eb kontrolluar nga sulmuesi) ose midis VPN-serverit dhe faqes s\u00eb caktuar. Gjithashtu, NAT FreeBSD u ndikua nga sulmi q\u00eb lejon t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktohet fakti i lidhjes s\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesit me nj\u00eb faqe t\u00eb caktuar (Connection Inference). <\/p>\n

Sa i p\u00ebrket Linux, n\u00ebn\u00ebsistemi Netfilter doli se ishte i ekspozuar ndaj sulmeve p\u00ebr z\u00ebvend\u00ebsimin e regjistrimeve n\u00eb tabel\u00ebn e p\u00ebrkthimit t\u00eb adresave, duke lejuar ridrejtimin e paketave q\u00eb hyjn\u00eb te nj\u00eb p\u00ebrdorues tjet\u00ebr, d\u00ebrgimin e paketave p\u00ebrtej kanali t\u00eb enkriptuar VPN (Decapsulation) ose p\u00ebrcaktimin e portave t\u00eb hapura t\u00eb rrjetit n\u00eb an\u00ebn e klientit.

\"Sulmi<\/center> <\/p>\n

Si mas\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb bllokuar sulmin, ofruesve t\u00eb VPN rekomandohet t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorin metoda adekuate p\u00ebr t\u00eb randomizuar numrat e porteve origjinale n\u00eb NAT, t\u00eb kufizojn\u00eb numrin e lidhjeve t\u00eb lejuara t\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesi n\u00eb serverin VPN, si dhe t\u00eb bllokojn\u00eb mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e zgjedhjes s\u00eb portit nga ana e klientit p\u00ebr t\u00eb pranuar k\u00ebrkesat n\u00eb serverin VPN. <\/p>\n

Sipas nj\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesi t\u00eb kompanis\u00eb Proton AG, sulmi nuk prek sh\u00ebrbimet VPN q\u00eb p\u00ebrdorin IP t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta p\u00ebr k\u00ebrkesat hyr\u00ebse dhe dal\u00ebse. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, ka dyshime n\u00eb lidhje me mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e zbatimit t\u00eb sulmit ndaj sh\u00ebrbimeve reale VPN, pasi nj\u00eb sulm i suksessh\u00ebm deri tani \u00ebsht\u00eb demonstruar vet\u00ebm n\u00eb teste laboratorike dhe p\u00ebr ta realizuar at\u00eb k\u00ebrkohen kushte t\u00eb caktuara n\u00eb an\u00ebn e serverit VPN dhe klientit t\u00eb sulmuar. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, sulmi mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb i dobish\u00ebm vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr manipulimin e k\u00ebrkesave t\u00eb paenkriptuara, si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb referimi n\u00eb DNS, nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimi i TLS dhe HTTPS n\u00eb nivelin e aplikacioneve e b\u00ebn ridrejtimin e trafikut t\u00eb paefektsh\u00ebm. <\/p>\n

Manipulimet me tabelat e translacionit t\u00eb adresave t\u00eb sulmeve jan\u00eb t\u00eb aplikueshme jo vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr VPN, por edhe p\u00ebr rrjetet pa kabllo, ku NAT p\u00ebrdoret p\u00ebr t\u00eb organizuar lidhjen e p\u00ebrdoruesve me burime t\u00eb jashtme n\u00eb pik\u00ebn e qasjes. Muajin e kaluar jan\u00eb publikuar rezultatet e nj\u00eb studimi mbi mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e realizimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb sulmi t\u00eb ngjash\u00ebm p\u00ebr kapjen e TCP-koneksioneve t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesve t\u00eb tjer\u00eb n\u00eb rrjetin pa kabllo. Metoda e sulmit u zbulua se ishte e aplikueshme n\u00eb 24 nga 33 pik\u00ebt e qasjes pa kabllo q\u00eb u testuan.

\"Sulmi<\/center> <\/p>\n

Sulmi i propozuar p\u00ebr Wi-Fi rezultoi t\u00eb ishte ndjesh\u00ebm m\u00eb i leht\u00eb se metoda e p\u00ebrmendur m\u00eb lart p\u00ebr VPN, pasi p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb optimizimeve, shum\u00eb pika qasje nuk kontrollojn\u00eb sakt\u00ebsin\u00eb e numrave t\u00eb rendit n\u00eb paketat TCP. Si rezultat, p\u00ebr sulmin mjaftonte d\u00ebrgimi i nj\u00eb pakete RST t\u00eb rreme p\u00ebr t\u00eb pastruar regjistrin n\u00eb tabel\u00ebn e translacionit t\u00eb adresave dhe pastaj arritja e p\u00ebrgjigjes n\u00eb hostin e sulmuesit p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar numrat e rendit (SEQ) dhe konfirmimit (ACK) t\u00eb nevojsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr kapjen e TCP-koneksionit.

\"Sulmi<\/center>
\"Sulmi<\/center>
\n
Burimi: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0413\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0438 \u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0443 \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438 Port Shadow, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0443\u044e \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0441 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435 VPN-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044e, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043a \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0436\u0435 VPN-\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0443. \u041c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0445\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0448\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0430\u043d\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 VPN. \u0412 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":117815,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-117814","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-novosti-interneta"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Sulmi Port Shadow, q\u00eb lejon ridrejtimin e lidhjeve t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesve t\u00eb tjer\u00eb t\u00eb VPN dhe Wi-Fi | ProHoster","description":"Nj\u00eb grup hulumtuesish nga universitetet kanadeze dhe amerikane ka zhvilluar nj\u00eb teknik\u00eb sulmi t\u00eb quajtur Port Shadow, e cila lejon manipulimin e tabelave t\u00eb p\u00ebrkthimit t\u00eb adresave nga ana e serverit VPN p\u00ebr t\u00eb arritur d\u00ebrgimin e p\u00ebrgjigjes p\u00ebr nj\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00eb tjet\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesi q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb lidhur me t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin server VPN. Metoda mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret p\u00ebr t\u00eb organizuar kapjen ose ridrejtimin e trafikut t\u00eb enkriptuar, p\u00ebr t\u00eb kryer skanime portesh dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb deanonimizuar p\u00ebrdoruesit e VPN. Si shembull","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/ataka-port-shadow-pozvolyayushhaya-perenapravlyat-soedineniya-drugih-polzovatelej-vpn-i-wi-fi","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"sq_AL","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u0410\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0430 Port Shadow, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 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