N\u00eb p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimin e l\u00ebshuar t\u00eb mart\u00ebn nga Microsoft p\u00ebr sistemin operativ Windows, u identifikua nj\u00eb problem q\u00eb pengon ngarkimin e sistemeve Linux t\u00eb instaluara n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin kompjuter paralelisht me Windows. Shkaku i problemeve \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb rregullim q\u00eb kishte si q\u00ebllim t\u00eb eliminonte nj\u00eb vulnerab\u00ebl t\u00eb vjet\u00ebr (CVE-2022-2601) n\u00eb bootloader-in GRUB, e cila u rregullua n\u00eb vitin 2022. Microsoft ende nuk ka publikuar ndonj\u00eb deklarat\u00eb lidhur me k\u00ebt\u00eb defekt dhe nuk e ka komentuar ashtu si\u00e7 duhet. <\/p>\n
N\u00eb sh\u00ebnimin p\u00ebr ndryshimin u p\u00ebrmend se rregullimi q\u00eb siguron instalimin e politik\u00ebs s\u00eb re SBAT (UEFI Secure Boot Advanced Targeting) do t\u00eb aplikohet p\u00ebr sistemet q\u00eb p\u00ebrdorin vet\u00ebm Windows dhe nuk do t\u00eb prekin konfiguracionet me ngarkim t\u00eb dyfisht\u00eb (ndryshimi bllokoi mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb imazheve bootable me GRUB t\u00eb vjet\u00ebr p\u00ebr t\u00eb anashkaluar Secure Boot n\u00eb sistemet, ku \u00ebsht\u00eb instaluar vet\u00ebm Windows). U theksua gjithashtu se ndryshimi mund t\u00eb sjell\u00eb probleme me ngarkimin e imazheve iso t\u00eb sistemeve t\u00eb vjetra, t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndara me nj\u00eb version t\u00eb brisht\u00eb GRUB. N\u00eb praktik\u00eb, problemet u shfaq\u00ebn gjithashtu tek p\u00ebrdoruesit e sistemeve me ngarkim t\u00eb dyfisht\u00eb, q\u00eb p\u00ebrdorin distribucione t\u00eb reja Linux, si Ubuntu 24.04 dhe Debian 12.6, ku vulnerabiliteti n\u00eb GRUB \u00ebsht\u00eb korrigjuar prej koh\u00ebsh. <\/p>\n
Problemi shfaqet me ndalimin e procesit t\u00eb ngarkimit, duke paraqitur mesazhin \"Verifying shim SBAT data failed: Security Policy Violation. Something has gone seriously wrong: SBAT self-check failed: Security Policy Violation\". Si nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb rikthyer funksionimin e tij, rekomandohet t\u00eb hiqni t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat SBAT t\u00eb instaluara n\u00eb UEFI, p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilin mund t\u00eb \u00e7 aktivizoni Secure Boot n\u00eb firmware, ngarkoni nj\u00eb distribucion t\u00eb ri Linux me mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr UEFI Secure Boot, si Ubuntu, dhe ekzekutoni n\u00eb konsol\u00eb komand\u00ebn \"mokutil --set-sbat-policy delete\", pas s\u00eb cil\u00ebs duhet t\u00eb rindezni distribucionin Linux p\u00ebr t\u00eb vendosur politik\u00ebn e sakt\u00eb SBAT. Pas k\u00ebsaj, mund t\u00eb ktheni m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn Secure Boot n\u00eb firmware. <\/p>\n
Mekanizmi SBAT \u00ebsht\u00eb zhvilluar nga Red Hat n\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunim me Microsoft p\u00ebr t\u00eb bllokuar vulnerabilitetet n\u00eb ngarkuesin GRUB dhe layer-in shim pa anuluar n\u00ebnshkrimin digjital. SBAT n\u00ebnkupton shtimin e metadatatave t\u00eb tjera n\u00eb skedar\u00ebt ekzekutiv\u00eb t\u00eb komponent\u00ebve UEFI, t\u00eb cilat p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb informacion mbi prodhuesin, produktin, komponentin dhe versionin. K\u00ebto metadatat gjithashtu n\u00ebnshkruhen me nj\u00eb n\u00ebnshkrim digjital dhe mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshihen ve\u00e7mas n\u00eb listat e lejuara ose t\u00eb ndaluara t\u00eb komponent\u00ebve p\u00ebr UEFI Secure Boot. SBAT lejon bllokimin e p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb n\u00ebnshkrimit digjital p\u00ebr numra versioni t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb t\u00eb komponent\u00ebve pa nevoj\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u00eb anuluar \u00e7el\u00ebsat p\u00ebr Secure Boot. <\/p>\n
Bllokimi i vulnerabiliteteve p\u00ebrmes SBAT nuk k\u00ebrkon p\u00ebrdorimin e list\u00ebs s\u00eb certifikatave t\u00eb anuluara UEFI (dbx), dhe kryhet n\u00eb nivelin e z\u00ebvend\u00ebsimit t\u00eb \u00e7el\u00ebsit t\u00eb brendsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr formimin e n\u00ebnshkrimeve dhe p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimin e GRUB2, shim dhe artefakteve t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb ngarkes\u00ebs t\u00eb ofruara nga shp\u00ebrndarjet. Para zbatimit t\u00eb SBAT, p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimi i list\u00ebs s\u00eb certifikatave t\u00eb anuluara (dbx, UEFI Revocation List) ishte nj\u00eb kusht i domosdosh\u00ebm p\u00ebr bllokimin e plot\u00eb t\u00eb vulnerabilitetit, pasi nj\u00eb sulmues, pavar\u00ebsisht nga sistemi operativ i p\u00ebrdorur, mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorte nj\u00eb medium ngarkese me nj\u00eb version t\u00eb vjetruar vulnerab\u00ebl t\u00eb GRUB2, t\u00eb n\u00ebnshkruar digjitalisht, p\u00ebr t\u00eb kompromentuar UEFI Secure Boot. \u0412 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0439 Microsoft \u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043a \u041e\u0421 Windows \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0430\u044f \u043a \u043d\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 Linux-\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c, \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0436\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0441 Windows. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 (CVE-2022-2601) \u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0435 GRUB, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432 2022 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443. \u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f Microsoft \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0448\u0438\u043c \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0435\u043c \u0438 \u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043a \u0435\u0433\u043e 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Burimi: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"