{"id":121246,"date":"2025-01-06T15:46:02","date_gmt":"2025-01-06T13:46:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/skrytaya-komandnaya-obolochka-v-sintezatore-yamaha-pozvolivshaya-vypolnit-kod-cherez-midi"},"modified":"2025-01-06T15:46:02","modified_gmt":"2025-01-06T13:46:04","slug":"skrytaya-komandnaya-obolochka-v-sintezatore-yamaha-pozvolivshaya-vypolnit-kod-cherez-midi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/skrytaya-komandnaya-obolochka-v-sintezatore-yamaha-pozvolivshaya-vypolnit-kod-cherez-midi","title":{"rendered":"Nj\u00eb shell e fsheht\u00eb n\u00eb sintetizuesin Yamaha, q\u00eb lejonte ekzekutimin e kodit p\u00ebrmes MIDI.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Anna Antonenko, nj\u00eb zhvillues i sistemeve t\u00eb integruara dhe nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht punon p\u00ebr zhvillimin e nj\u00eb sistemi operativ BOSS (BEAM-based Operating System with Security), publikoi rezultatet e inxhinieris\u00eb s\u00eb prapme t\u00eb sintetizatorit muzikor Yamaha PSR-E433. Gjat\u00eb pun\u00ebs s\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb, n\u00eb sintetizator u identifikua nj\u00eb nd\u00ebrfaqe shell e obfuscatuar, e cila lejonte ekzekutimin e kodit n\u00eb nivelin e firmware-it. Qasja n\u00eb nd\u00ebrfaqen shell b\u00ebhet p\u00ebrmes d\u00ebrgimit t\u00eb paketimeve MIDI me mesazhe SysEx, t\u00eb cilat mund t\u00eb d\u00ebrgohen kur sintetizatori \u00ebsht\u00eb i lidhur p\u00ebrmes portit USB. T\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e mbledhura gjat\u00eb inxhinieris\u00eb s\u00eb prapme mbi \u00e7ipin dhe firmware-et, si dhe shembujt e kodit dhe dump-et e shqyrtimit jan\u00eb publikuar n\u00eb GitHub. <\/p>\n

Interesi p\u00ebr inxhinierin\u00eb e prapme lindi disa vite m\u00eb par\u00eb, pasi Anna vendosi t\u00eb pastroj\u00eb brend\u00ebsin\u00eb e sintetizatorit nga pluhuri dhe nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht t\u00eb k\u00ebnaq\u00eb kuriozitetin e saj lidhur me d\u00ebshir\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u00eb par\u00eb brendin\u00eb e pajisjes. N\u00eb pllak\u00ebn e saj ndodhej \u00e7ipi YAMAHA SWL01U, p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilin nuk ishte e mundur t\u00eb gjendej informacion i detajuar n\u00eb internet. Disa muaj m\u00eb par\u00eb, Anna zbuloi nj\u00eb udh\u00ebzues p\u00ebr nj\u00eb model t\u00eb ngjash\u00ebm sintetik, ku kishte p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb pinout-in e k\u00ebtij \u00e7ipi. Anna e \u00e7montoi p\u00ebrs\u00ebri pajisjen dhe filloi eksperimentet, duke shfryt\u00ebzuar daljet e disponueshme n\u00eb pllak\u00eb p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrfaqen e shqyrtimit JTAG dhe portin UART.

\"Nj\u00eb<\/center> <\/p>\n

N\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet debugger-it OpenOCD, lidhjes me JTAG dhe eksperimenteve u zbulua se n\u00eb pllak\u00eb p\u00ebrdorej nj\u00eb \u00e7ip me b\u00ebrtham\u00eb procesori ARM7TDMI. Pas shqyrtimit t\u00eb renditjes s\u00eb memories n\u00eb debugger, arriti t\u00eb eksportoj\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtjen e firmware-eve q\u00eb ndodheshin n\u00eb ROM dhe Flash-memory. Pas k\u00ebsaj, imazhet e firmware-it u analizuan n\u00eb paket\u00ebn p\u00ebr inxhinierin\u00eb e prapme Ghidra. <\/p>\n

\u0412 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a («help, «info», «ver», «logout» \u0438 \u0442.\u043f.), \u043d\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438. \u0418\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043b\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0434, \u0432\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043e\u0431\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0443. \u0422\u0430\u043a \u0436\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430 «login», \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0443\u044e \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c «#0000». void shell_run_command(char* command_input) { if (shell_login_state == 0) { if (shell_compare_command(command_input, «login») == 0) { shell_ask_passwd(); \/\/ prints «passwd? » shell_login_state = 1; } } else if (shell_login_state == 1) { if (shell_compare_command(command_input, «#0000») == 0) { shell_login_ok(); \/\/ prints «login OK» shell_login_state = 2; } else { shell_print(«Passwd Error\r»); shell_login_state = 0; } } else { \/\/ actually run the command } } <\/p>\n

Studimi i m\u00ebtejm\u00eb i firmware-it tregoi se komandat p\u00ebrpunoheshin n\u00eb paketa, q\u00eb gjithmon\u00eb fillonin me t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtat 8 byte t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash dhe p\u00ebrfundonin me kodin 0xf7. Duke qen\u00eb se nd\u00ebrveprimi i jasht\u00ebm me sintetizatorin b\u00ebhej vet\u00ebm p\u00ebrmes MIDI, dhe n\u00eb specifikimin MIDI ishte parashikuar nj\u00eb lloj mesazhi t\u00eb infrastruktur\u00ebs SysEx, u supozua se ai mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorej p\u00ebr d\u00ebrgimin e komandave. Dyshimi gjithashtu u p\u00ebrforcua nga fakti se mesazhet SysEx dhe paketat q\u00eb analizoheshin nga shell-i fillonin me kodin 0xf0, i ndjekur nga identifikuesi i prodhuesit 0x43 (Yamaha). <\/p>\n

\u0414\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u0433\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0437\u044b \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d Python-\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0442, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b \u0432\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430 MIDI. \u0418 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043b: login passwd? #0000 login OK > help logout help ? info ver stack perf-on perf-off perf-disp d dp d xxxxx d\/s xxxxx m ADDRESS DATA m\/b ADDRESS DATA m\/w ADDRESS DATA m\/l ADDRESS DATA > info DevelopName PSR-E433 DevelopNumber #3341 Main DevelopNumber #3341 Make data & time MAY 16 2012 19:00:57 J\/E Select English > <\/p>\n

\u0412 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u043a\u0435, \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b «help», \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438. \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u0432 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0432 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0435, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b. \u0412 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0432 \u043d\u0435\u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0430\u0441\u0441\u0435\u043c\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 «HeloWrld» \u0432 8-\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0416\u041a-\u0434\u0438\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0435\u044f. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e MIDI-\u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e.

\"Nj\u00eb<\/center> <\/p>\n

Pas k\u00ebsaj, filloi puna p\u00ebr t\u00eb studiuar ve\u00e7orit\u00eb e shfaqjes s\u00eb grafik\u00ebs n\u00eb LCD, kulminacioni i t\u00eb cil\u00ebs ishte p\u00ebrgatitja e kodit q\u00eb shfaqte p\u00ebrmbajtje pikseli t\u00eb rastit n\u00eb zon\u00ebn simbolike, sinkron me rikthimin e videos Bad Apple n\u00eb nj\u00eb pajisje t\u00eb jashtme (video e demostrimit).

\"Nj\u00eb<\/center>
\r\n \"Luaj\r\n
<\/div>\r\n <\/div><\/center>
\n
Burimi: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0410\u043d\u043d\u0430 \u0410\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e, \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 BOSS (BEAM-based Operating System with Security), \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044b \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0436\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0430 \u043c\u0443\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 Yamaha PSR-E433. \u0412 \u0445\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0451\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u043e\u0431\u0444\u0443\u0441\u0446\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 shell-\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0438\u0432\u043a\u0438. \u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u043a shell-\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0443 \u043e\u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438 MIDI-\u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 SysEx, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":121247,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-121246","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-novosti-interneta"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Nd\u00ebrfaqja e fsheht\u00eb e komandave n\u00eb sintetizuesin Yamaha, q\u00eb lejoi ekzekutimin e kodit p\u00ebrmes MIDI | ProHoster","description":"Anna Antonenko, e cila merret me zhvillimin e sistemeve t\u00eb integruara dhe n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e saj t\u00eb lir\u00eb zhvillon sistemin operativ BOSS (BEAM-based Operating System with Security), publikoi rezultatet e inxhinieris\u00eb s\u00eb reversit p\u00ebr sintetizuesin muzikor Yamaha PSR-E433. Gjat\u00eb pun\u00ebs q\u00eb u b\u00eb, u zbulua nj\u00eb nd\u00ebrfaqe shell e obfuskatuar n\u00eb sintetizues, e cila mund\u00ebsoi ekzekutimin e kodit t\u00eb saj n\u00eb nivelin e firmware-it. 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