{"id":121698,"date":"2025-02-04T09:46:00","date_gmt":"2025-02-04T07:46:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/uyazvimost-v-zagruzchike-mikrokoda-v-cpu-amd-pozvolyayushhaya-obojti-izolyacziyu-sev-snp"},"modified":"2025-02-04T09:46:00","modified_gmt":"2025-02-04T07:46:00","slug":"uyazvimost-v-zagruzchike-mikrokoda-v-cpu-amd-pozvolyayushhaya-obojti-izolyacziyu-sev-snp","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/uyazvimost-v-zagruzchike-mikrokoda-v-cpu-amd-pozvolyayushhaya-obojti-izolyacziyu-sev-snp","title":{"rendered":"Nj\u00eb dob\u00ebsi n\u00eb shfletuesin e mikro-kodit n\u00eb CPU-t\u00eb AMD, e cila lejon anashkalimin e izolimit SEV-SNP.","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

K\u00ebrkuesit e siguris\u00eb nga kompania Google publikuan informacion mbi nj\u00eb dob\u00ebsi (CVE-2024-56161) n\u00eb procesor\u00ebt AMD, q\u00eb preku shfletuesin e mikro-kodit dhe lejon anashkalimin e mekanizmit t\u00eb verifikimit t\u00eb n\u00ebnshkrimit dixhital gjat\u00eb azhurnimeve t\u00eb mikro-kodit. Ngarkimi i mikro-kodit t\u00eb modifikuar lejon komprometimin e mekanizmit AMD SEV (Virtualizimi i Kriptuar t\u00eb Sigurt), i p\u00ebrdorur n\u00eb sistemet e virtualizimit p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbrojtur makinat virtuale nga nd\u00ebrhyrja e hipervizorit ose administratorit t\u00eb host-it. <\/p>\n

Dob\u00ebsia shkaktohet nga p\u00ebrdorimi i nj\u00eb funksioni hash t\u00eb pasigurt n\u00eb kodin q\u00eb kryen verifikimin e n\u00ebnshkrimit dixhital pas ngarkimit t\u00eb mikro-kodit n\u00eb CPU. P\u00ebr t\u00eb realizuar sulmin, k\u00ebrkohet t\u00eb ket\u00eb t\u00eb drejtat e administratorit n\u00eb sistemin lokal (mund\u00ebsia p\u00ebr t\u00eb ekzekutuar kod n\u00eb nivelin e rrethit t\u00eb par\u00eb t\u00eb mbrojtjes (ring0), duke mos qen\u00eb n\u00eb makin\u00ebn virtuale). <\/p>\n

Gjat\u00eb sulmit, mund t\u00eb nd\u00ebrhyhet n\u00eb funksionimin e sistemeve nikoqire, t\u00eb mbrojtura nga zgjerimet AMD SEV (Virtualizimi i Kriptuar t\u00eb Sigurt) dhe SEV-SNP (P\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsimi i Sigurt i Ngujshm\u00ebris\u00eb), q\u00eb ofrojn\u00eb garanci p\u00ebr integritetin e memories. makinave virtuale<\/a>, t\u00eb izoluara regjistrat e procesor\u00ebve dhe garanton nj\u00eb funksionim t\u00eb sigurt me tabelat e brendshme t\u00eb faqeve t\u00eb memories. Mekanizmi AMD SEV \u00ebsht\u00eb krijuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar q\u00eb stafi i qendrave t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave dhe ofruesve t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimeve n\u00eb re t\u00eb mos mund t\u00eb ndryshoj\u00eb ose analizoj\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtjen e memories s\u00eb sistemeve t\u00eb mbrojtura, ashtu si edhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb distortuar llogaritjet. <\/p>\n

Hulumtuesit kan\u00eb p\u00ebrgatitur nj\u00eb prototip t\u00eb nj\u00eb eksploituesi q\u00eb lejon ngarkimin e mikrokodit t\u00eb rastit n\u00eb CPU, pa n\u00ebnshkrimin digjital. P\u00ebr t\u00eb demonstruar rrezikun e dob\u00ebsis\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb propozuar nj\u00eb p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsim i mikrokodit q\u00eb ndryshon logjik\u00ebn e funksionit RDRAND, i cili p\u00ebrdoret si nj\u00eb nga burimet e entropis\u00eb n\u00eb gjeneratoret e numrave t\u00eb rast\u00ebsish\u00ebm, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt p\u00ebrdoren gjat\u00eb formimit t\u00eb \u00e7el\u00ebsave, gjat\u00eb operacioneve kriptografike dhe p\u00ebr gjenerimin e identifikuesve t\u00eb rast\u00ebsish\u00ebm. <\/p>\n

Ndryshimi \u00e7on n\u00eb kthimin e numrit 4 nga instrukcioni RDRAND, n\u00eb vend t\u00eb nj\u00eb sekuenc\u00eb t\u00eb rast\u00ebsishme. P\u00ebr t\u00eb parandaluar kryerjen e sulmeve reale n\u00eb sistemet e llogaritjeve konfidenciale, mikrokodi i ndryshuar zero flag CF (carry flag), duke e sh\u00ebnuar vler\u00ebn e dh\u00ebn\u00eb si t\u00eb gabuar. Detaje t\u00eb tjera dhe mjete p\u00ebr gjenerimin e mikrokodit t\u00eb ndryshuar priten t\u00eb publikohen m\u00eb 5 mars, p\u00ebr t\u00eb lejuar p\u00ebrdoruesit t\u00eb ken\u00eb koh\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb instaluar rregullimin n\u00eb sistemet e tyre. Nj\u00eb shembull i suksessh\u00ebm i sulmit \u00ebsht\u00eb demonstruar p\u00ebr server\u00ebve<\/a> me procesor\u00ebt AMD EPYC 7B13 (Milan) dhe AMD Ryzen 9 7940HS (Phoenix). <\/p>\n

N\u00eb raportin e kompanis\u00eb AMD p\u00ebrmendet se vulnerabiliteti shfaqet n\u00eb procesor\u00ebt AMD t\u00eb bazuar n\u00eb mikroarkitektur\u00ebn Zen t\u00eb gjeneratave 1-4. P\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimi i mikrokodit p\u00ebr eliminimin e vulnerabilitetit u publikua m\u00eb 13 dhjetor 2024 p\u00ebr procesor\u00ebt e serive AMD EPYC 7001, 7002 dhe 7003 (Naples, Rome, Milan dhe Milan-X), nd\u00ebrsa m\u00eb 16 dhjetor p\u00ebr procesor\u00ebt e seris\u00eb AMD EPYC 9004 (Genoa, Genoa-X dhe Bergamo\/Siena). P\u00ebr t\u00eb eliminuar vulnerabilitetin n\u00eb sistemet q\u00eb p\u00ebrdorin atestimin SEV-SNP, nevojitet gjithashtu p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimi i firmware-it AMD SEV (i ofruar s\u00eb bashku me p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimet e BIOS nga prodhuesit e pajisjeve). <\/p>\n

Raportohet gjithashtu p\u00ebr nj\u00eb nd\u00ebrhyrje tjet\u00ebr n\u00eb procesor\u00ebt AMD, e cila lejon kryerjen e sulmeve p\u00ebrmes kanaleve an\u00ebsore p\u00ebr t\u00eb nxjerr\u00eb informacion mbi llogarit\u00eb n\u00eb sistemet mysafire, t\u00eb mbrojtura me mekanizmin AMD SEV. Problemi prek procesor\u00ebt AMD EPYC t\u00eb brezit 1-4 dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb i lidhur me mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e nxjerrjes nga cache-i i procesorit t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave q\u00eb mbeten gjat\u00eb funksionimit t\u00eb sistemeve mysafire t\u00eb mbrojtura. P\u00ebr analizimin e p\u00ebrmbajtjes s\u00eb cache-it mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret metoda Prime+Probe, e cila p\u00ebrfshin mbushjen e cache-it me nj\u00eb set referencash dhe p\u00ebrcaktimin e ndryshimeve duke matur koh\u00ebn e qasjes gjat\u00eb ribushjes. Theksohet se p\u00ebr bllokimin e sulmit jan\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatshme metodat e propozuara m\u00eb par\u00eb p\u00ebr mbrojtjen nga sulmet e klas\u00ebs Spectre.
\n
Burimi: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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Ngarkimi i mikrokodit t\u00eb ndryshuar lejon kompromitimin e mekanizmit AMD SEV (Secure Encrypted Virtualization), i p\u00ebrdorur n\u00eb sistemet e virtualizimit p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbrojtur makinat virtuale nga nd\u00ebrhyrjet nga hipervizori ose administratori i sistemit prit\u00ebs. Dob\u00ebsia shkaktohet","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/uyazvimost-v-zagruzchike-mikrokoda-v-cpu-amd-pozvolyayushhaya-obojti-izolyacziyu-sev-snp","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"sq_AL","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u0423\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 CPU AMD, \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u044e SEV-SNP | ProHoster","og:description":"\u0418\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 Google \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043e\u0431 \u0443\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 (CVE-2024-56161) \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0445 AMD, \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c 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