{"id":138893,"date":"2025-07-09T23:11:55","date_gmt":"2025-07-09T21:11:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/ataka-tsa-privodyashhaya-k-utechke-informaczii-iz-mikroarhitekturnyh-struktur-cpu-amd"},"modified":"2025-07-09T23:11:55","modified_gmt":"2025-07-09T21:11:55","slug":"ataka-tsa-privodyashhaya-k-utechke-informaczii-iz-mikroarhitekturnyh-struktur-cpu-amd","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/ataka-tsa-privodyashhaya-k-utechke-informaczii-iz-mikroarhitekturnyh-struktur-cpu-amd","title":{"rendered":"Sulmi TSA, q\u00eb \u00e7on n\u00eb rrjedhje informacioni nga mikroarkitekturor\u00ebt e CPU AMD","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Kompania AMD zbuloi informacione mbi nj\u00eb klas t\u00eb ri t\u00eb sulmeve mikroarkitekturor\u00eb ndaj procesor\u00ebve t\u00eb saj \u2014 TSA (Sulmi i Programit T\u00ebkalues). Ky sulm e lejon nj\u00eb sulmues t\u00eb anashkaloj\u00eb mekanizmat e ndarjes s\u00eb CPU-s\u00eb dhe t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktoj\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat q\u00eb p\u00ebrpunohen n\u00eb kontekste t\u00eb tjera, p\u00ebr shembull, nga hap\u00ebsira e p\u00ebrdoruesit t\u00eb zbuloj\u00eb informacionin q\u00eb p\u00ebrpunoh\u00ebt n\u00eb nivelin e b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs, ose nga sistemi mik duke zbuluar t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e p\u00ebrdorura n\u00eb nj\u00eb sistem tjet\u00ebr mik.       <\/p>\n<p>Vulnerabilitetet u identifikuan gjat\u00eb zhvillimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb grupi mjetesh t\u00eb krijuara nga hulumtuesit e Microsoft dhe Shkoll\u00ebs s\u00eb Lart\u00eb Teknik t\u00eb Zvicr\u00ebs p\u00ebr testimin e stresit t\u00eb ndarjes mikroarkitekturale midis zonave t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb ndarjes s\u00eb aksesit, si b\u00ebrthama, makinat virtuale dhe proceset.        <\/p>\n<p>Metoda e sulmit bazohet n\u00eb var\u00ebsin\u00eb e koh\u00ebs s\u00eb ekzekutimit t\u00eb disa instruksioneve nga gjendja e strukturave mikroarkitekturale. Kur procesori pret p\u00ebr nj\u00eb p\u00ebrfundim t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb instruksioni q\u00eb lexon t\u00eb dh\u00ebna nga memoria (p\u00ebr shembull, duke menduar se t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat jan\u00eb n\u00eb cache-in L1), por nuk arrin t\u00eb merrni me sukses t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat, krijohet nj\u00eb gjendje \u00abp\u00ebrfundimi t\u00eb rrem\u00eb\u00bb t\u00eb instruksionit (false completion). N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast, procesori para se t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktoj\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb gjendje mund t\u00eb planifikoj\u00eb ekzekutimin spekulativ t\u00eb operacioneve t\u00eb tjera q\u00eb varen nga rezultati i ekzekutimit t\u00eb instruksionit t\u00eb ngarkes\u00ebs nga memoria.      <\/p>\n<p>Duke qen\u00eb se ngarkesa nuk u p\u00ebrfundua, t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e lidhura me t\u00eb njihen si t\u00eb pavlefshme nga procesori, dhe operacioni i ngarkes\u00ebs p\u00ebrs\u00ebritet m\u00eb von\u00eb. Operacionet e varura gjithashtu ekzekutohen p\u00ebrs\u00ebri pas gatishm\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb sakta. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast, shp\u00ebrthimi i tubacionit (pipeline flush) pas ekzekutimit t\u00eb instruksionit, p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilin \u00ebsht\u00eb regjistruar gjendja e \u00abp\u00ebrfundimit t\u00eb rrem\u00eb\u00bb, nuk b\u00ebhet, dhe t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e gabuara mund t\u00eb drejtohen n\u00eb operacionet e varura.     <\/p>\n<p>Ekzekutimi i operacioneve t\u00eb tilla nuk ndryshon gjendjen e cache-it dhe TLB (Translation Lookaside Buffer), dmth t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat nuk mund t\u00eb rikuperohen p\u00ebrmes metodave tradicionale t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktimit t\u00eb gjendjes s\u00eb cache-it. Por k\u00ebto t\u00eb dh\u00ebna ndikojn\u00eb n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e ekzekutimit t\u00eb instruksioneve t\u00eb tjera. Analiza e koh\u00ebs s\u00eb ekzekutimit mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret si burim rrjedhjeje informacioni nga strukturat mikroarkitekturale, mbetur pas ekzekutimit spekulativ t\u00eb operacioneve t\u00eb tjera.       <\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb burimit t\u00eb nxjerrjes s\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb mbetura jan\u00eb identifikuar dy vulnerabilitete:   <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li class=\"l\"> CVE-2024-36350 (TSA-SQ \u2014 TSA Store Queue) \u2014 rrjedhje nga buffer-i i p\u00ebrkohsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr operacionet e shkarkes\u00ebs (Store Queue), q\u00eb lejon t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktohet rezultati i ekzekutimit t\u00eb instruksioneve t\u00eb shkarkes\u00ebs n\u00eb memorie.\n<li class=\"l\"> CVE-2024-36357 (TSA-L1 \u2014 TSA L1 Data Cache) \u2014 rrjedhje p\u00ebrmes cache-it L1D.    <\/ul>\n<p>Vulnerabilitetet shfaqen n\u00eb familjen e procesor\u00ebve AMD (Fam19h) t\u00eb bazuar n\u00eb mikroarkitektur\u00ebn Zen 3 dhe Zen 4. P\u00ebr shembull, problemi \u00ebsht\u00eb prezent n\u00eb serit\u00eb e CPU AMD Ryzen 5000\/6000\/7000\/8000, AMD EPYC Milan\/Milan-X\/Genoa\/Genoa-X\/Bergamo\/Siena, AMD Instinct MI300A, AMD Ryzen Threadripper PRO 7000 WX, AMD EPYC Embedded 7003\/8004\/9004\/97X4, AMD Ryzen Embedded 5000\/7000\/V3000.     <\/p>\n<p>Ndryshimet e nevojshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb bllokuar vulnerabilitetet jan\u00eb p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimin e mikro kodit dhe PI-firmware (Platform Initialization) t\u00eb dh\u00ebna p\u00ebr prodhuesit OEM. Patch-\u00ebt p\u00ebr mbrojtjen nga vulnerabiliteti jan\u00eb d\u00ebrguar p\u00ebr t'u p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb n\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebn Linux (p\u00ebr t\u00eb \u00e7aktivizuar mbrojtjen q\u00eb ndikon negativisht n\u00eb performanc\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb parashikuar nj\u00eb opsion i linj\u00ebs s\u00eb komand\u00ebs s\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs \u2018tsa=off\u2019). Nj\u00eb rregullim \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar gjithashtu n\u00eb hipervizorin Xen. P\u00ebr t\u00eb bllokuar vulnerabilitetin k\u00ebrkohet si nj\u00eb p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsim i mikro kodit ashtu edhe nd\u00ebrlidhja e modit mbrojt\u00ebs n\u00eb nivelin e b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs ose hipervizorit.<br \/>\n<br \/>Burimi: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.opennet.ru\/opennews\/art.shtml?num=63557\">opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f AMD \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0440\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0435 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u044b &#8212; TSA (Transient Scheduler Attack). \u0410\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u043b\u043e\u0443\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0443 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u044b \u0438\u0437\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u0438 CPU \u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435, \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0432 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0445, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e, \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u0443\u044e \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430, \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0443\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0432 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435. \u0423\u044f\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0432 \u0445\u043e\u0434\u0435 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-138893","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-novosti-interneta"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 4.9.10 - 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TSA (Sulmi i Planifikuesit t\u00eb Kalimtar\u00ebve). 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