{"id":138938,"date":"2025-07-14T11:11:58","date_gmt":"2025-07-14T09:11:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/gpuhammer-variant-ataki-rowhammer-na-pamyat-gpu"},"modified":"2025-07-14T11:11:58","modified_gmt":"2025-07-14T09:11:59","slug":"gpuhammer-variant-ataki-rowhammer-na-pamyat-gpu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/news\/gpuhammer-variant-ataki-rowhammer-na-pamyat-gpu","title":{"rendered":"GPUHammer \u2014 variant i sulmit Rowhammer p\u00ebr memorien GPU","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

K\u00ebrkuesit nga Universitete i Torontos prezantuan sulmin e par\u00eb t\u00eb klas\u00ebs Rowhammer, t\u00eb aplikuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndryshuar p\u00ebrmbajtjen e memorie t\u00eb videos. Mund\u00ebsia e kryerjes s\u00eb nj\u00eb sulmi q\u00eb shkakton z\u00ebvend\u00ebsimin e deri n\u00eb 8 bit\u00ebve t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave \u00ebsht\u00eb demonstruar n\u00eb GPU-n\u00eb diskrrete NVIDIA A6000 me memorie GDDR6. Si nj\u00eb shembull praktik, u tregua se si mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret nj\u00eb ndryshim i till\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb nd\u00ebrhyr\u00eb n\u00eb ekzekutimin e modeleve t\u00eb m\u00ebsimit t\u00eb mjeteve dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb reduktuar ndjesh\u00ebm (nga 80% n\u00eb 0.1%) sakt\u00ebsin\u00eb e rezultateve t\u00eb prodhuara kur nd\u00ebrlidhet vlera e vet\u00ebm nj\u00eb biti.

\"GPUHammer<\/center> <\/p>\n

Derisa, krijimi i sulmeve t\u00eb klas\u00ebs Rowhammer p\u00ebr memorie t\u00eb videos ka qen\u00eb i v\u00ebshtir\u00eb p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb kompleksitetit t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktimit t\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebrjes fizike t\u00eb memories n\u00eb \u00e7ipat GDDR, vonesave t\u00eb m\u00ebdha gjat\u00eb qasjes n\u00eb memorie (4 her\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb ngadalta) dhe frekuenc\u00ebs m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb rifreskimit t\u00eb memories. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, kryerjen e hulumtimeve e pengonte p\u00ebrdorimi i mekanizmave t\u00eb mbrojtjes nga manipulimi n\u00eb \u00e7ipat GDDR, q\u00eb shkaktonin humbje t\u00eb parakohshme t\u00eb ngarkes\u00ebs, p\u00ebr analiz\u00ebn e t\u00eb cilave nevojitej krijimi i standart\u00ebve t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb testues harduerik t\u00eb bazuar n\u00eb FPGA. <\/p>\n

P\u00ebr studimin e memories video, k\u00ebrkuesit krijuan nj\u00eb teknik\u00eb t\u00eb re t\u00eb inxhinieris\u00eb s\u00eb prapme p\u00ebr GDDR DRAM, dhe n\u00eb vet\u00eb sulmin ishin aplikuar optimizime n\u00eb qasjen n\u00eb memorie t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorura p\u00ebr organizimin e llogaritjeve paralele, t\u00eb cilat ishin p\u00ebrdorur si forcuese t\u00eb intensitetit t\u00eb qasjes n\u00eb qeliza t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta. P\u00ebr t\u00eb kryer sulmin n\u00eb GPU-n\u00eb NVIDIA u p\u00ebrdor kodi i nivelit t\u00eb ul\u00ebt CUDA. <\/p>\n

N\u00eb kodin e p\u00ebrdoruesit CUDA nuk ekziston qasje n\u00eb adresat fizike t\u00eb memories, por ne drivere-n NVIDIA b\u00ebhej reflektimi i memories virtuale n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn memorie fizike, gj\u00eb q\u00eb e shfryt\u00ebzuan k\u00ebrkuesit p\u00ebr t\u00eb llogaritur offset-in e memories virtuale dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar ndarjen e bankave t\u00eb memories. Njohja e qasjeve n\u00eb banka t\u00eb ndryshme memories u realizua p\u00ebrmes analiz\u00ebs s\u00eb vonesave, t\u00eb cilat ishin t\u00eb ndryshme kur aksesohej nj\u00eb bank\u00eb apo banka t\u00eb ndryshme memories. <\/p>\n

N\u00eb sistemet q\u00eb ndajn\u00eb GPU-n\u00eb, si server\u00ebt<\/a> p\u00ebr t\u00eb realizuar modelet e m\u00ebsimit t\u00eb makinerive, sulmi lejon nj\u00eb p\u00ebrdorues t\u00eb ndryshoj\u00eb p\u00ebrmbajtjen e memorjes video me t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e nj\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesi tjet\u00ebr. Si nj\u00eb mas\u00eb mbrojt\u00ebse, kompania NVIDIA rekomandon aktivizimin e kodave t\u00eb korrigjimit t\u00eb gabimeve (ECC, Error Correction Codes) me komand\u00ebn «nvidia-smi -e 1» ose p\u00ebrdorimin e serive t\u00eb kartave grafike q\u00eb mb\u00ebshtesin OD-ECC (On-Die ECC), si GeForce RTX 50, RTX PRO, GB200, B200, B100, H100, H200, H20 dhe GH200. <\/p>\n

Sipas hulumtuesve, aktivizimi i ECC n\u00eb sistemet me GPU A6000 \u00e7on n\u00eb nj\u00eb reduktim t\u00eb performanc\u00ebs s\u00eb realizimit t\u00eb modeleve t\u00eb m\u00ebsimit t\u00eb makineris\u00eb prej rreth 10% dhe nj\u00eb ulje t\u00eb volumit t\u00eb memorjes prej 6.25%. Mjeti p\u00ebr kryerjen e sulmit dhe ekzekutimin e inxhinieris\u00eb s\u00eb prapme t\u00eb shtrirjes s\u00eb ul\u00ebt t\u00eb memorjes video n\u00eb sistemet me GPU NVIDIA \u00ebsht\u00eb publikuar n\u00eb GitHub. <\/p>\n

Sulmi RowHammer lejon shp\u00ebrputhjen e p\u00ebrmbajtjes s\u00eb biteve t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta t\u00eb memorjes DRAM p\u00ebrmes leximeve ciklike t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave nga qelizat p\u00ebrreth. Pasi memorja DRAM p\u00ebrb\u00ebhet nga nj\u00eb matric\u00eb dy-dimensionale e qelizave, secila nga t\u00eb cilat p\u00ebrb\u00ebhet nga nj\u00eb kondensator dhe nj\u00eb tranziistor, kryerja e leximeve t\u00eb vazhdueshme n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn zon\u00eb t\u00eb memories ndihmon n\u00eb fluktuacionin e tensionit dhe anomalit\u00eb q\u00eb shkaktojn\u00eb nj\u00eb humbje t\u00eb vog\u00ebl t\u00eb ngarkes\u00ebs n\u00eb qelizat p\u00ebrreth. N\u00ebse intensiteti i leximit \u00ebsht\u00eb i lart\u00eb, qeliza p\u00ebrreth mund t\u00eb humbas\u00eb nj\u00eb sasi t\u00eb konsiderueshme ngarkese dhe cikli i ardhsh\u00ebm i rikuperimit nuk arrin ta rikthej\u00eb gjendjen e saj fillestare, gj\u00eb q\u00eb do t\u00eb \u00e7oj\u00eb n\u00eb ndryshimin e vler\u00ebs s\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb ruajtur n\u00eb qeliz\u00eb. <\/p>\n

Metoda e sulmit Rowhammer u propozuar n\u00eb vitin 2014, pas s\u00eb cil\u00ebs filloi nj\u00eb loj\u00eb «macja-myshe» midis k\u00ebrkuesve t\u00eb siguris\u00eb dhe prodhuesve t\u00eb pajisjeve \u2014 prodhuesit e \u00e7ipave t\u00eb memories p\u00ebrpiqeshin t\u00eb bllokonin dob\u00ebsin\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa k\u00ebrkuesit gjenin m\u00ebnyra t\u00eb reja p\u00ebr ta anashkaluar. P\u00ebr shembull, p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbrojtur nga RowHammer, prodhuesit e \u00e7ipave shtuan mekanizmin TRR (Target Row Refresh), por u zbulua se ai bllokon deformimin e qelizave vet\u00ebm n\u00eb raste t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta, pa mbrojtur nga t\u00eb gjitha variacionet e mundshme t\u00eb sulmit. Metodat e sulmit jan\u00eb zhvilluar p\u00ebr \u00e7ipat DDR3, DDR4 dhe DDR5 n\u00eb sisteme me procesor\u00eb Intel, AMD dhe ARM. Gjithashtu, jan\u00eb gjetur m\u00ebnyra p\u00ebr t\u00eb anashkaluar korrigjimin e gabimeve ECC dhe jan\u00eb propozuar mund\u00ebsi p\u00ebr t\u00eb kryer sulme n\u00eb rrjet dhe p\u00ebrmes ekzekutimit t\u00eb kodit JavaScript n\u00eb shfletues.
\n
Burimi: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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