{"id":148860,"date":"2025-11-19T17:11:54","date_gmt":"2025-11-19T15:11:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/vypusk-gipervizora-xen-4-21"},"modified":"2025-11-19T17:11:54","modified_gmt":"2025-11-19T15:11:54","slug":"vypusk-gipervizora-xen-4-21","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/news\/vypusk-gipervizora-xen-4-21","title":{"rendered":"L\u00ebshimi i hipervizorit Xen 4.21","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"
Pas 8 muaj zhvillimi, u publikua versioni i lir\u00eb i hipervizorit Xen 4.21. N\u00eb zhvillimin e versionit t\u00eb ri mor\u00ebn pjes\u00eb kompani t\u00eb tilla si Amazon, Arm, EPAM Systems dhe AMD. Kodi i projektit \u00ebsht\u00eb shkruar n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn C dhe shp\u00ebrndahet n\u00ebn licenc\u00ebn GPLv2+. Zhvillimi b\u00ebhet n\u00eb kuad\u00ebr t\u00eb organizat\u00ebs Linux Foundation. <\/p>\n
Ndryshimet kryesore n\u00eb Xen 4.21: <\/p>\n
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\u00cbsht\u00eb siguruar mb\u00ebshtetje e plot\u00eb p\u00ebr modelin e pajisjeve Linux stubdomain, duke mund\u00ebsuar ekzekutimin e komponent\u00ebve p\u00ebr simulimin e pajisjeve n\u00ebn nj\u00eb p\u00ebrdorues t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb pa privilegje. Modeli Linux stubomains \u00ebsht\u00eb zhvilluar nga projekti QUBES OS dhe mb\u00ebshtet p\u00ebrdorimin e shofer\u00ebve t\u00eb simulimit nga l\u00ebshimet m\u00eb t\u00eb fundit t\u00eb QEMU, si dhe mund\u00ebsit\u00eb e disponueshme n\u00eb QEMU p\u00ebr sistemet mikprit\u00ebse.\n
Ndryshimet p\u00ebr sistemet e bazuara n\u00eb arkitektur\u00ebn x86:\n
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\u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr algoritmin e ri t\u00eb kompresimit t\u00eb Struktur\u00ebs PDX (Page inDeX), duke p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar funksionimin e Xen n\u00eb procesor\u00ebt Intel Sierra Forest dhe Granite Rapids me hartimin jo-linear t\u00eb memories fizike (sparse memory map), q\u00eb lejon pranin\u00eb e zonave t\u00eb zbraz\u00ebta.\n
\u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar mund\u00ebsia p\u00ebr t\u00eb kontroluar atributin e memorizimit n\u00eb MTRR (Memory Type Range Registers) p\u00ebr regjistrin BAR (Base Address Register) t\u00eb pajisjeve baz\u00eb PCI t\u00eb platform\u00ebs Xen, t\u00eb cilat p\u00ebrdoren nga sistemet mikprit\u00ebse n\u00eb modalitetin HVM. N\u00eb parametrat e MTRR p\u00ebr memorien e reflektuar t\u00eb pajisjeve PCI, atribui UC (uncacheable) vendoset si parazgjedhje, q\u00eb ka kuptim p\u00ebr pajisjet reale PCI, por vet\u00ebm ul performanc\u00ebn e pajisjeve PCI t\u00eb platform\u00ebs Xen.\n
P\u00ebr procesor\u00ebt AMD \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar nj\u00eb shofer i ri amd-cppc\/amd-cppc-epp, q\u00eb menaxhon ndryshimin e frekuenc\u00ebs s\u00eb CPU p\u00ebr t\u00eb arritur performanc\u00eb optimale. N\u00eb shoferin \u00ebsht\u00eb aktivizuar mekanizmi CPPC (Collaborative Processor Performance Control), i cili, ndryshe nga acpi-cpufreq, nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb i kufizuar n\u00eb tre nivele performance dhe lejon nj\u00eb reagim m\u00eb t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb ndaj ndryshimit t\u00eb gjendjes.\n
N\u00eb variantin e shtres\u00ebs xenstore-stubdom, e p\u00ebrdorur p\u00ebr t\u00eb ekzekutuar xenstored pa privilegje Dom0, p\u00ebr ambientet paravirtualizuara n\u00eb modalitetin PVH \u00ebsht\u00eb implementuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimin live.\n
P\u00ebr Dom0 n\u00eb modalitetin PVH \u00ebsht\u00eb implementuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr teknologjin\u00eb Resizable BAR (Resizable Base Address Register), duke lejuar qasje t\u00eb menj\u00ebhershme n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb memorien e pajisjes PCI Express, jo vet\u00ebm n\u00eb lidhje me blloqet.\n
\u00cbsht\u00eb realizuar mund\u00ebsia e kalimit t\u00eb pajisjeve PCI n\u00eb mjedise domU n\u00eb modalitetin HVM (virtualizimi plot\u00ebsisht harduerik) n\u00eb konfigurime ku dom0 punon n\u00eb modalitetin PVH (virtualizim hibrid harduerik dhe paravirtualizim). <\/ul>\n
Ndryshimet p\u00ebr sistemet e bazuara n\u00eb arkitektur\u00ebn ARM:\n
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Shtylla e mekanizmit t\u00eb mbrojtjes s\u00eb skel\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb shtuar (nd\u00ebrtimi me flamurin «-fstack-protector»), i bazuar n\u00eb shtimin e etiketave kanarin\u00eb n\u00eb skel\u00eb - sekuenca t\u00eb rastit. N\u00eb rast t\u00eb mbivendosjes s\u00eb buferit gjat\u00eb shfryt\u00ebzimit t\u00eb dob\u00ebsis\u00eb, etiketa kanarin\u00eb p\u00ebson rishkrim nga t\u00eb dh\u00ebna t\u00eb tjera, duke \u00e7uar n\u00eb aktivizimin e kontrollit t\u00eb m\u00ebtejm\u00eb t\u00eb pandryshueshm\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb etiket\u00ebs dhe fillimin e mbylljes emergjente t\u00eb aplikacionit.\n
\u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr mekanizmin e eSPI (Extended Shared Peripheral Interrupts), i ofruar nga kontrollor\u00ebt e nd\u00ebrprerjeve GICv3.1.\n
\u00cbsht\u00eb implementuar p\u00ebrpunimi i SMMU (Nj\u00ebsia e Menaxhimit t\u00eb Memories s\u00eb Sistem\u00ebve) gjat\u00eb kalimit t\u00eb pajisjeve PCIe.\n
\u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr kontrollor\u00ebt e hostit PCI, t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur n\u00eb gjenerat\u00ebn e kat\u00ebrt t\u00eb SoC Renesas R-Car.\n
\u00cbsht\u00eb shtuar mb\u00ebshtetje fillestare p\u00ebr procesor\u00ebt Cortex-R52 dhe Cortex-R82 me MPU (Nj\u00ebsia e Mbrojtjes s\u00eb Memories). <\/ul>\n
E re q\u00eb vijon zbatimin e k\u00ebrkesave p\u00ebr zhvillimin e programeve t\u00eb sigurta dhe t\u00eb besueshme n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn C, t\u00eb formuluara n\u00eb specifikimet MISRA-C p\u00ebr sistemet kritike.\n
\u00cbsht\u00eb ndaluar mb\u00ebshtetje p\u00ebr versionet e vjetra GCC dhe Clang, tani k\u00ebrkohen t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn versionet GCC 5.1, Clang 11, Binutils 2.25 dhe GNU Make 3.80 p\u00ebr nd\u00ebrtim. <\/ul>\n