{"id":153472,"date":"2026-01-09T11:12:29","date_gmt":"2026-01-09T09:12:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/vosstanovlen-kod-unixv4-pervoj-os-s-yadrom-na-yazyke-c-uyazvimost-v-unixv4"},"modified":"2026-01-09T11:12:29","modified_gmt":"2026-01-09T09:12:29","slug":"vosstanovlen-kod-unixv4-pervoj-os-s-yadrom-na-yazyke-c-uyazvimost-v-unixv4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/news\/vosstanovlen-kod-unixv4-pervoj-os-s-yadrom-na-yazyke-c-uyazvimost-v-unixv4","title":{"rendered":"Rikuperimi i kodit UNIXv4, sistemit t\u00eb par\u00eb operativ me b\u00ebrtham\u00eb n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn C. Vulnerabiliteti n\u00eb UNIXv4","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

N\u00eb fund t\u00eb vitit t\u00eb kaluar, gjat\u00eb pastrimit n\u00eb qendr\u00ebn e kompjuter\u00ebve t\u00eb Universitetit t\u00eb Jut\u00ebs, u zbulua nj\u00eb kaset\u00eb magnetike arkivare me kodin e sistemit operativ UNIXv4, i cili u zhvillua n\u00eb vitin 1973 p\u00ebr kompjuterin PDP-11\/45 dhe ishte konsideruar i humbur. UNIXv4 vazhdoi zhvillimin e sistemit operativ UNIXv3, i cili u publikua nj\u00eb vit m\u00eb par\u00eb, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin u p\u00ebrdor p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb gjuha C dhe kanalet e paem\u00ebruara. Nj\u00eb ve\u00e7ori e UNIXv4 ishte rishkrimi i b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs nga assembler n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn C. Kodi i b\u00ebrtham\u00ebs UNIXv4 u shkrua nga Ken Thompson, nd\u00ebrsa drejtuesit u shkruan nga Dennis Ritchie. <\/p>\n

N\u00eb fund t\u00eb dhjetorit 2025, punonj\u00ebsit e muzeut t\u00eb historis\u00eb s\u00eb teknologjis\u00eb kompjuterike arrit\u00ebn t\u00eb gjenin pajisjet e nevojshme dhe t\u00eb nxjerrin arkivin e ruajtur n\u00eb kaset\u00eb. P\u00ebr dixhitalizimin e sinjalit analog t\u00eb regjistruar n\u00eb kaset\u00eb u p\u00ebrdor mjeti readtape, ndersa p\u00ebr dekodimin e formatit t\u00eb arkivit u aktivizuan zhvillimet e krijuara gjat\u00eb procesit t\u00eb rikuperimit t\u00eb arkivit me realizimin e redaktorit Emacs nga James Gosling. <\/p>\n

P\u00ebrve\u00e7 kodit UNIXv4, n\u00eb kaset\u00eb u gjet\u00ebn gjithashtu tekstet burimore t\u00eb nj\u00eb nga kompilator\u00ebt e par\u00eb p\u00ebr gjuh\u00ebn C dhe interpretuesit t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs SNOBOL. M\u00eb von\u00eb, Kodi i UNIXv4 u p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsua dhe u publikua n\u00eb GitHub n\u00eb nj\u00eb form\u00eb q\u00eb ishte e mundshme p\u00ebr t'u nd\u00ebrtuar dhe ekzekutuar n\u00eb simulatorin PDP-11. Kodi UNIXv4 p\u00ebrfshin 61 mij\u00eb rreshta, prej t\u00eb cil\u00ebve 27 mij\u00eb jan\u00eb n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn C, 33 mij\u00eb n\u00eb assembler p\u00ebr PDP-11 dhe rreth nj\u00eb mij\u00eb jan\u00eb skedar\u00eb tituj.

\"Rikuperimi<\/center> <\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb nga studiuesit e siguris\u00eb vuri re utilitarin \u00absu\u00bb, i cili ishte i p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb n\u00eb UNIXv4. Ky utilitar p\u00ebrfshinte m\u00eb pak se 50 rreshta kodi, instalohej me flamurin setuid-root dhe lejonte t\u00eb ekzekutohej \/bin\/sh me t\u00eb drejtat root me hyrjen e nj\u00eb fjal\u00ebkalimi t\u00eb sakt\u00eb. Kodi p\u00ebrmbante nj\u00eb dob\u00ebsi q\u00eb \u00e7onte n\u00eb mbinxehje t\u00eb tamponit p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb kopjimit t\u00eb fjal\u00ebkalimit t\u00eb futur nga p\u00ebrdoruesi n\u00eb nj\u00eb varg fiks me 100 karaktere pa kontrollin e madh\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb futura. <\/p>\n

Problemin e identifikuar e komentoi Douglas McIlroy, 93 vje\u00e7, i cili ishte pjes\u00eb e ekipit t\u00eb zhvilluesve t\u00eb par\u00eb t\u00eb Unix n\u00eb Bell Labs, e cila propozoi konceptin e kanaleve t\u00eb paem\u00ebruara dhe krijoi utilitar\u00ebt si echo, spell, diff, sort, join dhe tr. Sipas Douglas, deri n\u00eb shfaqjen e virusit Morris n\u00eb vitin 1988, pak kush kishte v\u00ebn\u00eb re mbinxehjet e tamponit. Shtimi i kontrollit t\u00eb madh\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb futur manualisht konsiderohej si nj\u00eb shtes\u00eb e panevojshme e kodit, dhe p\u00ebrfundimi i papritur n\u00eb rast mbinxehjeje shikohej si nj\u00eb form\u00eb e paq\u00ebndrueshme reagimi ndaj t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb pap\u00ebrshtatshme. Me kalimin e koh\u00ebs, mbinxehjet q\u00eb ndodhnin gjat\u00eb trajtimit t\u00eb rreshtave t\u00eb gjeneruar automatikisht filluan t\u00eb rregulloheshin, por p\u00ebr hyrjen manuale logjika ishte n\u00eb nivelin \u00abkush mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb nevoj\u00eb t\u00eb fus\u00eb rreshta shum\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb manualisht\u00bb.
\n
Burimi: opennet.ru<\/a> <\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0412 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0443\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0435 \u0423\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u042e\u0442\u044b \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0433\u043d\u0438\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043b\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0441 \u043a\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b UNIXv4, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0432 1973 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u042d\u0412\u041c PDP-11\/45 \u0438 \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u0443\u0442\u0435\u0440\u044f\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439. UNIXv4 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0430\u043b \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430 \u0433\u043e\u0434 \u0434\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b UNIXv3, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a \u0421\u0438 \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044b. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":153473,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[702],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-153472","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Kodi UNIXv4 \u00ebsht\u00eb rikthyer, sistemi i par\u00eb operativ me kernel t\u00eb shkruar n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn C. 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