{"id":181741,"date":"2026-05-26T02:49:06","date_gmt":"2026-05-26T00:49:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/entuziasty-dizassemblirovali-mikrokod-i386-i-sozdali-otkrytyj-cpu-z386"},"modified":"2026-05-26T02:49:06","modified_gmt":"2026-05-26T00:49:06","slug":"entuziasty-dizassemblirovali-mikrokod-i386-i-sozdali-otkrytyj-cpu-z386","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/news\/entuziasty-dizassemblirovali-mikrokod-i386-i-sozdali-otkrytyj-cpu-z386","title":{"rendered":"Entuziast\u00ebt disasembleruan mikrokodin i386 dhe krijuan nj\u00eb CPU t\u00eb hapur z386","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

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Entuziast\u00ebt arrit\u00ebn<\/a> suksesssh\u00ebm t\u00eb nxjerr\u00eb dhe t\u00eb disasembloj\u00eb mikro kodin e procesorit Intel 80386, i cili p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb munges\u00ebs s\u00eb dokumentacionit ishte konsideruar si «kuti e zez\u00eb». Imazhi binar i mikro kodit u rind\u00ebrtua me ndihm\u00ebn e AI-s\u00eb duke u bazuar n\u00eb fotografit\u00eb e kristalit me zgjidhje t\u00eb lart\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa logjika e funksionit u analizua p\u00ebrmes gjurmimit t\u00eb lidhjeve n\u00eb kristal. Gradualisht u p\u00ebrcaktuan struktura e mikro komandave (\u03bc-ops), fushat, rendi i ekzekutimit dhe treguesit e fundit t\u00eb instruksioneve. Arritjet e projektit jan\u00eb publikuar<\/a> jan\u00eb publikuar n\u00eb GitHub si pron\u00eb publike.<\/p>\n

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U zbulua se n\u00eb CPU 80386 \u00e7do instruksion ekzekutohet plot\u00ebsisht p\u00ebrmes mikrokodit, nd\u00ebrsa te 8086 dhe procesor\u00ebt modern\u00eb nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e instruksioneve p\u00ebrpunohet drejtp\u00ebrdrejt. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, ndryshe nga procesor\u00ebt 8086, te 80386 mikrokodi nuk i zbaton algoritmet drejtp\u00ebrdrejt, por kryesisht konfiguron p\u00ebrshpejtuesit harduerik\u00eb (shum\u00ebzuesin, pjes\u00ebtuesin, shiftimin e shpejt\u00eb<\/a>, PTU (Protection Test Unit)).<\/p>\n

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Gjat\u00eb hulumtimit u zbulua gjithashtu nj\u00eb problem i mundsh\u00ebm sigurie n\u00eb p\u00ebrpunimin e hart\u00ebs bit t\u00eb lejeve t\u00eb aksesit n\u00eb hyrje\/dalje (IO permission bitmap): gjat\u00eb aksesit 4-bajt\u00ebsh te portat, kontrolloheshin bit\u00ebt e lejeve t\u00eb aksesit vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr 3 bajtet e para, nd\u00ebrsa aksesi te bajti i 4-t nuk kontrollohej, gj\u00eb q\u00eb teorikisht mund\u00ebsonte qasje n\u00eb regjistra harduerik\u00eb, qasja te t\u00eb cil\u00ebt duhej t\u00eb ishte e ndaluar.<\/p>\n

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N\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb mikrokodit t\u00eb publikuar \u00ebsht\u00eb zhvilluar<\/a> nj\u00eb CPU i hapur z386<\/a>, i implementuar n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn SystemVerilog dhe q\u00eb funksionon duke p\u00ebrdorur FPGA. N\u00eb vend t\u00eb implementimit t\u00eb \u00e7do instruksioni n\u00eb form\u00ebn e nj\u00eb RTL (wikipedia.org)<\/a> (Register-transfer level), n\u00eb z386 jan\u00eb implementuar struktura harduerike q\u00eb kontrollohen nga mikrokodi origjinal. Performanca e implementimit t\u00eb p\u00ebrgatitur i korrespondon nj\u00eb PC 386 t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb (~70MHz). N\u00ebn kontrollin e z386 u arrit t\u00eb nisen me sukses DOS 6\/7, DOS\/4GW, DOS\/32A dhe loj\u00ebra si Doom dhe Cannon Fodder.<\/p>\n

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Burimi: linux.org.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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