{"id":29874,"date":"2019-10-31T21:32:25","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:32:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/primenenie-linux-i-spo-v-nashem-uchebnom-zavedenii-byt-ili-ne-byt\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:32:25","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:32:25","slug":"primenenie-linux-i-spo-v-nashem-uchebnom-zavedenii-byt-ili-ne-byt","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/primenenie-linux-i-spo-v-nashem-uchebnom-zavedenii-byt-ili-ne-byt","title":{"rendered":"P\u00ebrdorimi i Linux dhe softit t\u00eb hapur n\u00eb institucionin ton\u00eb arsimor: t\u00eb jesh apo t\u00eb mos jesh?","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

P\u00ebrsh\u00ebndetje, t\u00eb dashur Habr\u00ebv\u00e7an\u00eb. Koh\u00ebt e fundit, po m\u00eb shqet\u00ebson nj\u00eb pyetje: sa gjat\u00eb do t\u00eb vazhdoj\u00eb monopolizimi i kompanis\u00eb Microsoft n\u00eb sektorin e tregut q\u00eb furnizon soft me shum\u00eb institucione arsimore n\u00eb vendin ton\u00eb (n\u00eb fakt, ky sektor \u00ebsht\u00eb mbajtur nga korporata q\u00eb nga vitet '90<\/a><\/noindex>). <\/p>\n

Do t\u00eb jap nj\u00eb shembull konkret: po vizitoj nj\u00eb grup t\u00eb njohur IT p\u00ebr nx\u00ebn\u00ebsit e shkoll\u00ebs s\u00eb mesme n\u00eb universitetin lokal N (ky universitet \u00ebsht\u00eb mjaft prestigjioz n\u00eb qytetin tim), aty studiojm\u00eb disa disiplinat:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u00abBazat e informatik\u00ebs dhe teknologjis\u00eb s\u00eb informacionit\u00bb (t\u00eb p\u00ebrfunduara).<\/li>\n
  2. \u00abP\u00ebrb\u00ebrja\u2026 e kompjuter\u00ebve\u00bb: Sistemet operative, \u00abbrend\u00ebsit\u00eb\u00bb e PC (p\u00ebrfunduar).<\/li>\n
  3. \u00abPuna me kompjuterin personal\u00bb: bazat e Windows Explorer, CMD, MS Office (t\u00eb p\u00ebrfunduar tashm\u00eb).<\/li>\n
  4. \u00abBazat e programimit\u00bb: PascalABC.NET (fal\u00eb Zotit, q\u00eb t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb Turbo Pascal).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \nDhe tani kritika p\u00ebr shumic\u00ebn e pikave:<\/a><\/noindex>
    \n1. Ndoshta disiplina e vetme q\u00eb m\u00eb k\u00ebnaqi m\u00eb shum\u00eb. Sistemet e num\u00ebrimit, logjika binare, etj. K\u00ebtu u mor\u00ebm pa p\u00ebrdorimin e ndonj\u00eb sistemi operativ apo programi, prandaj nuk ka lidhje direkte me postimin tim.<\/p>\n

    2. K\u00ebtu fillon e gjith\u00eb ajo q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb interesante. S\u00eb pari, pothuajse gjith\u00e7ka q\u00eb kaluam ishte historia dhe mund\u00ebsit\u00eb e MS-DOS dhe Windows (t\u00eb gjitha versionet, megjithat\u00eb, p\u00ebr Windows XP, pasi prezantimi u b\u00eb n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb shekullit t\u00eb 21-t\u00eb), u p\u00ebrmend\u00ebn p\u00ebrshtypjet p\u00ebr sisteme t\u00eb tilla si GNU\/Linux, *nix dhe\u2026 aq. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb prezantim nuk pash\u00eb ndonj\u00eb histori dhe mund\u00ebsi t\u00eb kuptueshme p\u00ebr *nix. S\u00eb dyti, n\u00eb ligj\u00ebrat\u00eb, u diskutua gjat\u00eb mbi dallimet midis Windows 3.11 dhe 95 dhe 98; u p\u00ebrmend ekzistenca e modit IDE; u njoh\u00ebm me FAT12\/16\/32 dhe NTFS (ndon\u00ebse ligj\u00ebruesi nuk tha asgj\u00eb, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 se shpjegoi shkurtimisht kuptimin e akronimit 'NTFS'), por nuk d\u00ebgjova asnj\u00eb fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr EXT2\/3\/4, BTRFS, UDF, madje as p\u00ebr ndarjen e diskut \u2014 asnj\u00ebher\u00eb! E nj\u00ebjta situat\u00eb ishte p\u00ebr BSVV: shpjeguan funksionin e Legacy-BIOS, por harruan p\u00ebr UEFI, pa folur p\u00ebr Coreboot dhe realizimet e tjera t\u00eb BIOS-it. Po ashtu, m\u00ebsuesit na flisnin p\u00ebr 'fuqin\u00eb e re' t\u00eb Pentium 4 dhe DDR2, vjet\u00ebrsin\u00eb e disketave, dhe avantazhin e Windows XP mbi ME dhe 98 (p\u00ebrs\u00ebri nj\u00eb prezantim nga vitet 2003-2005).<\/p>\n

    3. K\u00ebtu gjith\u00e7ka \u00ebsht\u00eb mjaft e qart\u00eb: gjith\u00e7ka \u00ebsht\u00eb e vjetruar dhe\/apo proprietar. Nuk kam asnj\u00eb problem me karakteristikat e vet\u00eb PC-ve: 0.5-2 gigabyte RAM dhe Pentium 4\/D mjaftojn\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb kompjuter-klient, ashtu si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb Windows XP dhe serveri qendror i dosjeve, i cili pjes\u00ebrisht leht\u00ebson ngarkes\u00ebn n\u00eb HDD-n\u00eb sistemike. Por n\u00eb k\u00ebto PC arrita t\u00eb zbuloj vet\u00ebm disa programe t\u00eb lira nga qindra: Notepad++ dhe nj\u00eb version shum\u00eb t\u00eb vjet\u00ebr t\u00eb OpenOffice. Gjith\u00e7ka tjet\u00ebr: Google Chrome, MS Office 2007\/2010 (pa aktivizim), Adobe PDF Reader, antivirus\u00eb, kompilator\u00eb proprietar\u00eb, Turbo Pascal\u2026 P\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, n\u00eb disa (me jo m\u00eb pak se 1 GB RAM) \u00ebsht\u00eb instaluar Kubuntu 14.04.x, e cila nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsuar asnj\u00ebher\u00eb q\u00eb nga instalimi. Dhe sado q\u00eb ishte instaluar, e b\u00ebn\u00eb haptazi p\u00ebr nj\u00eb shenj\u00eb: nuk kam par\u00eb asnj\u00eb student q\u00eb ta p\u00ebrdorte Linux-in. Akoma m\u00eb shum\u00eb, ata q\u00eb instaluan distro-n nuk caktuan nj\u00eb fjal\u00ebkalim p\u00ebr root dhe ngarkuesin. <\/p>\n

    Prandaj, mund t\u00eb gjeni leht\u00ebsisht opcionin Rescue Mode n\u00eb GRUB2, t\u00eb merrni automatikisht privilegje root, t\u00eb rimontoni rr\u00ebnj\u00ebn n\u00eb read\/write dhe t\u00eb ekzekutoni passwd. N\u00eb fakt, k\u00ebt\u00eb e b\u00ebri dy her\u00eb sh\u00ebrb\u00ebtori juaj. Dhe gjith\u00eb (t\u00eb gjitha) OS \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb dispozitiven time t\u00eb plot\u00eb. \u00c7far\u00eb kuptimi ka t\u00eb vendos\u00ebsh fjal\u00ebkalim p\u00ebr Windows, t\u00eb vendos\u00ebsh antivirus\u00eb, t\u00eb konfigurosh proxy, n\u00ebse t\u00ebr\u00eb kjo \"mbrojtje\" nuk vlen as p\u00ebr nj\u00eb vez\u00eb t\u00eb prishur? Jo vet\u00ebm kaq, kur i tregova profesorin tim p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb dob\u00ebsi, ai m\u00eb tha se kjo \u00e7\u00ebshtje pak e intereson. Por si \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur? Her\u00eb i ndalojn\u00eb bellek\u00ebt USB pa skanimin e antivirusit, her\u00eb e injorojn\u00eb nj\u00eb problem q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb sip\u00ebrfaqe. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, n\u00eb k\u00ebto Kubuntu nuk ka praktikisht asnj\u00eb softuer. As gcc, as g++, as fpc, asgj\u00eb p\u00ebrve\u00e7 sistemit baz\u00eb.<\/p>\n

    N\u00ebse flasim p\u00ebr zyr\u00ebn, p\u00ebrdorimi im i LibreOffice dhe standardeve t\u00eb hapura t\u00eb dokumenteve, ka b\u00ebr\u00eb q\u00eb shumica e skedar\u00ebve .odt t\u00eb hapen gabim n\u00eb produktin e kompanis\u00eb Microsoft, ndarja \u00ebsht\u00eb e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb gjithashtu. Edhe pse MS Office (IMHO) \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb produkt shum\u00eb i p\u00ebrshtatsh\u00ebm, LibreOffice, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht si nj\u00eb projekt falas, \u00ebsht\u00eb gjithashtu i mir\u00eb. N\u00eb parim, n\u00ebse nuk do t\u00eb ishte pron\u00ebsia dhe mbyllja e MS Office, kuptimi i ekzistenc\u00ebs s\u00eb alternativave t\u00eb tij do t\u00eb ishte minimizuar (s\u00ebrish, sipas mendimit tim modest). <\/p>\n

    Megjithat\u00eb, jam dakord me A.V. Stolyarov<\/a><\/noindex>, kam kam kuptoj q\u00eb disa softuer\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm ekzistojn\u00eb vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr Windows dhe n\u00eb vitet n\u00eb vijim kjo sistem do t\u00eb z\u00ebvend\u00ebsohet me siguri n\u00eb k\u00ebto fusha (p\u00ebr shembull, nga programimi i disa mikro-kontrollor\u00ebve n\u00eb funksionimin e softuer\u00ebve p\u00ebr menaxhimin e stendave t\u00eb shp\u00ebrdorimit), por \u00e7do vit ky softuer po b\u00ebhet gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb i pakt\u00eb. Ashtu si ashtu, k\u00ebto jan\u00eb drejtime mjaft t\u00eb rralla, dhe *nix nuk jan\u00eb pa arsye sistemi t\u00eb mir\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb studiuar bazat e programimit.<\/p>\n

    Moral i k\u00ebtij tregimi Konkluzion: fatkeq\u00ebsisht, konstatova se n\u00eb universitetin lokal (me siguri jo vet\u00ebm n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb) preferohet produkteve proprietar\u00eb dhe t\u00eb mbyllura, edhe kur p\u00ebrdoren ilegalisht. Softueri tjet\u00ebr shpesh injorohet, pasi nuk ka stimuj p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar as njohurit\u00eb e tij reale, as njohurit\u00eb e student\u00ebve, pasi profesor\u00ebt nuk duan t\u00eb m\u00ebsojn\u00eb (\"M\u00ebsuesit nuk duan t\u00eb m\u00ebsohen\"). Vijn\u00eb fjal\u00ebt se, n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi, softueri i lir\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb i gatsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesit, por vet\u00eb p\u00ebrdoruesit nuk duan ta p\u00ebrdorin dhe\/apo t\u00eb zhvillojn\u00eb vetveten, n\u00ebse \"\u00ebsht\u00eb mjaftuesh\u00ebm\".<\/p>\n

    P.S.:UNIX n\u00eb BRSS<\/b> Deda im m\u00eb tregonte se gjat\u00eb viteve 1986-1988, ai si drejtues i organizat\u00ebs UPRCENTRZAPCHAT, s\u00eb bashku me koleg\u00ebt e tij vendosi t\u00eb transferoj\u00eb personelin n\u00eb baz\u00ebn e tyre n\u00eb Stolbc\u00eb dhe Tashkent n\u00eb Mini-IBM \"Robotron\" dhe disa t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb prodhimit ton\u00eb, me nj\u00eb server central. Sipas p\u00ebrshkrimeve t\u00eb tij dhe Wikipedia, n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb server ishte instaluar Unix, dhe n\u00eb disa prej tyre, redaksia sovjetike.<sarkaz\u00ebm> Prandaj, si\u00e7 duket, potenciali p\u00ebr studimin e *nix mbeti.<\/sarkaz\u00ebm> <\/p>\n

    Burimi: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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