{"id":29999,"date":"2019-10-31T21:33:07","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:33:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/kompakt-disku-40-let-i-on-myortv-li\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:33:07","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:33:07","slug":"kompakt-disku-40-let-i-on-myortv-li","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/kompakt-disku-40-let-i-on-myortv-li","title":{"rendered":"Disqet kompakt kan\u00eb 40 vjet, dhe a jan\u00eb t\u00eb vdekur (apo jo)?","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Disqet
\nPrototipi i lojtarit Philips, revista Elektuur nr. 188, qershor 1979, Shenja e domenit publik 1.0<\/a><\/noindex><\/i><\/p>\n

Disku kompakt ka 40 vjet, dhe p\u00ebr ata prej nesh q\u00eb e kujtojn\u00eb fillimin e tij, mbetet nj\u00eb arritje misteri e teknologjis\u00eb s\u00eb lart\u00eb edhe sot, kur ky medium \u00ebsht\u00eb detyruar t\u00eb sheshohet n\u00ebn presionin e sh\u00ebrbimeve t\u00eb streaming-ut.<\/p>\n

N\u00ebse synoni t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktoni momentin kur teknologjia digjitale filloi t\u00eb z\u00ebvend\u00ebsonte at\u00eb analoge n\u00eb elektronik\u00ebn p\u00ebr konsumator\u00ebt, mund ta konsideroni shfaqjen e CD-s\u00eb. N\u00eb mes t\u00eb viteve '70, pajisjet m\u00eb t\u00eb d\u00ebshiruara elektronike ishin videot e analogjis\u00eb dhe stacioni CB, por me daljen e kompjuter\u00ebve t\u00eb par\u00eb sht\u00ebpiak\u00eb dhe lojtar\u00ebve lazer, \u00ebndrrat e atyre q\u00eb d\u00ebshironin t\u00eb ishin 'n\u00eb maj t\u00eb val\u00ebs' u nd\u00ebrruan papritur. Lojtari CD doli t\u00eb ishte pajisja e par\u00eb elektronike sht\u00ebpiake q\u00eb kishte nj\u00eb lazer, edhe pse t\u00eb vog\u00ebl, por nj\u00eb lazer i v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, q\u00eb at\u00ebher\u00eb dukej si di\u00e7ka fantastike, thjesht e pabesueshme. Sot, teknologjit\u00eb e reja, kur del n\u00eb treg, nuk prodhojn\u00eb nj\u00eb efekt t\u00eb till\u00eb: ato shihen si di\u00e7ka q\u00eb shfaqet dhe zhduket 'n\u00eb rrug\u00ebn e vet'.<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Nga e ka filluar?<\/h1>\n

\n\u00abK\u00ebmb\u00ebt\u00bb e formatit rriten nga metodat m\u00eb t\u00eb reja t\u00eb regjistrimit t\u00eb videos p\u00ebr at\u00eb koh\u00eb, t\u00eb cilat zhvilluesit p\u00ebrpiqeshin t\u2019i p\u00ebrshtatin gjithashtu p\u00ebr regjistrimin e z\u00ebrit me cil\u00ebsi t\u00eb lart\u00eb. N\u00eb kompanin\u00eb Sony p\u00ebrpiqeshin t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatin nj\u00eb videomagnetofon p\u00ebr regjistrimin dixhital t\u00eb z\u00ebrit, nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb Philips, p\u00ebr t\u00eb regjistruar z\u00ebrin n\u00eb form\u00eb analogjike n\u00eb disqet optike, t\u00eb ngjashme me ato q\u00eb tashm\u00eb ishin p\u00ebrdorur p\u00ebr ruajtjen e videove. M\u00eb pas inxhinier\u00ebt e t\u00eb dyja korporatave arrit\u00ebn n\u00eb p\u00ebrfundimin se \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb regjistrohet n\u00eb disk optik, por n\u00eb form\u00eb dixhitale. Sot ky \u00abpor\u00bb duket e natyrshme, por at\u00ebher\u00eb nuk arrit\u00ebn menj\u00ebher\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb p\u00ebrfundim. Pas zhvillimit t\u00eb dy formateve t\u00eb papajtueshme, por shum\u00eb t\u00eb ngjashme, Sony dhe Philips filluan t\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunonin dhe deri n\u00eb vitin 1979 prezantuan prototipat e nj\u00eb d\u00ebgjuesi dhe disqit 120-milimet\u00ebr q\u00eb p\u00ebrmbante m\u00eb shum\u00eb se nj\u00eb or\u00eb z\u00eb stereofonik 16-bit me frekuenc\u00eb kampionimi prej 44,1 kHz. N\u00eb literatur\u00ebn shkencore-popullore dhe periodik t\u00eb teknologjis\u00eb s\u00eb re, i atribuan nj\u00eb futuriz\u00ebm t\u00eb mahnitsh\u00ebm, duke e ekzagjeruar kapacitetin e saj. N\u00eb emisionet televizive premtonin se k\u00ebto disqe do t\u00eb ishin \u00abt\u00eb pandjeshme\u00bb krahas disqeve t\u00eb vinilit, gj\u00eb q\u00eb p\u00ebrshpejtonte akoma m\u00eb shum\u00eb interesin p\u00ebr to. D\u00ebgjuesi Philips me trupin e saj t\u00eb ndritur argjendi dukej mahnitsh\u00ebm, por modelet e para t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre pajisjeve arrit\u00ebn n\u00eb dyqane vet\u00ebm n\u00eb vitin 1982.<\/p>\n

Si funksionon ai?<\/h1>\n

\nMegjith\u00ebse p\u00ebrdoruesit mendonin se parimi i veprimit t\u00eb CD-playerit \u00ebsht\u00eb tep\u00ebr i nd\u00ebrlikuar dhe i pap\u00ebrshkruesh\u00ebm, n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb gjith\u00e7ka \u00ebsht\u00eb befasuesh\u00ebm e thjesht\u00eb dhe e qart\u00eb. Sidomos n\u00eb krahasim me videomagnetofon\u00ebt analog\u00eb, pran\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebve q\u00ebndronin shum\u00eb prej k\u00ebtyre pajisjeve. N\u00eb fund t\u00eb viteve '80, me rastin e pajisjes PCD, madje shpjegonin temat m\u00eb t\u00eb ndryshme p\u00ebr inxhinier\u00ebt e ardhsh\u00ebm elektronik\u00eb. At\u00ebher\u00eb shumica e njer\u00ebzve e dinin \u00e7far\u00eb ishte ky format, por jo t\u00eb gjith\u00eb mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrballonin blerjen e nj\u00eb CD-playeri t\u00eb till\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Kreu i lexuesit t\u00eb CD-s\u00eb p\u00ebrmban jasht\u00ebzakonisht pak pjes\u00eb l\u00ebviz\u00ebse. Nj\u00eb moduli, q\u00eb p\u00ebrfshin si burimin ashtu edhe marr\u00ebsin e rrezatimit, l\u00ebviz me nj\u00eb motor elektrik t\u00eb vog\u00ebl p\u00ebrmes nj\u00eb transmetimi \u00e7erm\u00eb. Nj\u00eb lazer IR ndri\u00e7on n\u00eb nj\u00eb priz\u00ebm q\u00eb reflekton rrezet n\u00ebn k\u00ebndin 90\u00b0. Objektivi e fokusohet at\u00eb, dhe pastaj, pasi reflektohet nga disku, kalon p\u00ebrs\u00ebri n\u00eb priz\u00ebm p\u00ebrmes t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtit objektiv, por k\u00ebt\u00eb her\u00eb nuk e ndryshon drejtimin e tij dhe arrin n\u00eb nj\u00eb grumbull prej kat\u00ebr fotodiodesh. Mekanizmi i fokusimit p\u00ebrb\u00ebhet nga nj\u00eb magnet dhe bobina. N\u00ebse ndjekja dhe fokusimi jan\u00eb t\u00eb sakta, intensiteti m\u00eb i lart\u00eb i rrezatimit arrihet n\u00eb qend\u00ebr t\u00eb grumbullit, ndalimi i ndjekjes shkakton zhvendosje t\u00eb njoll\u00ebs, nd\u00ebrsa ndalimi i fokusimit shkakton zgjerim t\u00eb saj. Automatizimi rregullon pozicionin e kreut t\u00eb leximit, fokusimin dhe numrin e rrotullimeve, q\u00eb n\u00eb daljen t\u00eb rezultoj\u00eb nj\u00eb sinjal analog, nga i cili mund t\u00eb nxirren t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat digjitale q\u00eb vijn\u00eb me shpejt\u00ebsin\u00eb e k\u00ebrkuar.<\/p>\n

\"Disqet
\nDispositivi i lexuesit me shpjegime, CC BY-SA 3.0<\/a><\/noindex><\/i><\/p>\n

Bit\u00ebt bashkohen n\u00eb kadra, t\u00eb cilave gjat\u00eb regjistrimit u aplikohet modifikimi EFM (modulimi tet\u00eb p\u00ebr kat\u00ebrmb\u00ebdhjet\u00eb)<\/a><\/noindex>, i cili lejon evitimin e zeroj\u00ebve dhe nj\u00ebve t\u00eb vetme, p\u00ebr shembull, sekuenca 000100010010000100 shnd\u00ebrrohet n\u00eb 111000011100000111. Pasi kadrot kalojn\u00eb p\u00ebrmes nj\u00eb tabele k\u00ebrkimi, rezulton nj\u00eb rrjedha 16-bit\u00ebsh t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash, e cila kalon korrigjimin e Reed-Solomon dhe i d\u00ebrgohet DAC-it. Edhe pse prodhues t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm gjat\u00eb viteve kan\u00eb sjell\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsime t\u00eb ndryshme n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb sistem, pjesa kryesore e dispozitivin ka mbetur nj\u00eb modul optiko-elektronik shum\u00eb i thjesht\u00eb.<\/p>\n

\u00c7far\u00eb ndodhi me t\u00eb m\u00eb pas?<\/h1>\n

\nN\u00eb vitet '90, formati kaloi nga nj\u00eb gj\u00eb fantastike dhe prestigjioze n\u00eb nj\u00eb masiv. Pajisjet shkuan shum\u00eb posht\u00eb \u00e7mimit, dhe n\u00eb treg dol\u00ebn modelet portative. M\u00ebk\u00ebmb\u00ebsit e diskove filluan t\u00eb z\u00ebvend\u00ebsonin kasetat nga xhepat. E nj\u00ebjta ndodhi edhe me CD-ROM, dhe gjysm\u00ebn e dyt\u00eb t\u00eb viteve '90 ishte e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb imagjinoje nj\u00eb PC t\u00eb ri pa drive CD dhe nj\u00eb enciklopedi multimedia n\u00eb paket\u00eb. As Vist 1000HM nuk b\u00ebri p\u00ebrjashtim \u2014 nj\u00eb kompjuter stilistik me altoparlant\u00eb t\u00eb integruar n\u00eb monitor, nj\u00eb recepator FM dhe nj\u00eb tastier\u00eb kompakte IR me nj\u00eb joystick t\u00eb integruar, q\u00eb kujtonte nj\u00eb telekomand\u00eb t\u00eb madhe muzikore. N\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi, ai me pamjen e tij b\u00ebri thirrje q\u00eb vendi i tij nuk ishte n\u00eb zyr\u00eb, por n\u00eb ambientin e jetes\u00ebs, dhe pretendonte p\u00ebr nj\u00eb vend q\u00eb zakonisht i p\u00ebrkiste nj\u00eb sistemi muzikor. N\u00eb paketim vinte nj\u00eb disk i grupit 'Nautilus Pompilius' me kompozita n\u00eb formate WAV monofonike 4-bit, t\u00eb cilat merrnin pak hap\u00ebsir\u00eb. Kishte gjithashtu pajisje m\u00eb t\u00eb specializuara q\u00eb p\u00ebrdornin CD si medium t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash, p\u00ebr shembull, Philips CD-i dhe Commodore Amiga CDTV, si dhe luaj\u00ebs Video CD, pajisja Sega Mega CD p\u00ebr konsolat Mega Drive\/Genesis, konsolat 3DO dhe Play Station (e para)...<\/p>\n

\"Disqet
\nCommodore Amiga CDTV, CC BY-SA 3.0<\/a><\/noindex><\/i><\/p>\n

\"Disqet
\nKompjuteri Vist Black Jack II, i cili nga jasht\u00ebsia nuk dallohet nga Vist 1000HM, itWeek, (163)39`1998<\/a><\/noindex><\/i><\/p>\n

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