{"id":30030,"date":"2019-10-31T21:33:18","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:33:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/koe-chto-pro-raspredelyonnye-data-tsentry-dlya-biznesa\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:33:18","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:33:18","slug":"koe-chto-pro-raspredelyonnye-data-tsentry-dlya-biznesa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/koe-chto-pro-raspredelyonnye-data-tsentry-dlya-biznesa","title":{"rendered":"Disa gj\u00ebra rreth qendrave t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndara p\u00ebr biznesin","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Disa<\/a><\/noindex>
\nDisa m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 30 vjet, Interneti ka ndryshuar n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb dramatike. Gjat\u00eb k\u00ebtij koh\u00eb, nevojat informacion-dijital t\u00eb biznesit jan\u00eb rritur n\u00eb nj\u00eb shkall\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb, sa sot nuk flasim m\u00eb vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr servera korporat\u00eb apo p\u00ebr nevoj\u00ebn e akomodimit n\u00eb nj\u00eb qend\u00ebr t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, por p\u00ebr marrjen me qira t\u00eb nj\u00eb rrjeti t\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00eb qendrash t\u00eb p\u00ebrpunimit t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave me nj\u00eb paket\u00eb t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimeve p\u00ebrcjell\u00ebse. K\u00ebtu p\u00ebrfshihen jo vet\u00ebm projekte globale me t\u00eb dh\u00ebna t\u00eb m\u00ebdha (sepse gjigant\u00ebt kan\u00eb qendrat e tyre t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave), por edhe kompani t\u00eb mesme me nj\u00eb rinovim t\u00eb shpesht\u00eb t\u00eb pozita n\u00eb baz\u00ebn e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave (p\u00ebr shembull, dyqanet online) dhe sh\u00ebrbime me shk\u00ebmbim t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave me shpejt\u00ebsi t\u00eb lart\u00eb (p\u00ebr shembull, bankat).
\n<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Pse i nevojitet biznesit nj\u00eb sistem i qendrave t\u00eb p\u00ebrpunimit t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndara <\/h2>\n

\nKy sistem \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb kompleks IT, i shp\u00ebrndar\u00eb gjeografikisht me parimin: nj\u00eb Qend\u00ebr e P\u00ebrpunimit t\u00eb t\u00eb Dh\u00ebnave kryesore dhe qendra t\u00eb tjera rajonale. Ato jan\u00eb fillimisht t\u00eb ekipura duke marr\u00eb parasysh rrjedhat e mundshme informuese dhe proceset e biznesit t\u00eb kompanive moderne q\u00eb po zhvillohen dhe sigurojn\u00eb vazhdim\u00ebsin\u00eb e k\u00ebtyre rrjedhave dhe proceseve.<\/p>\n

\u258dPse t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndara? <\/h3>\n

\nS\u00eb pari, p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb rrezikut t\u00eb v\u00ebnies s\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha vez\u00ebve n\u00eb nj\u00eb tesht. Tani k\u00ebrkohen zgjidhje t\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshme, t\u00eb cilat mund t\u00eb garantojn\u00eb funksionimin e vazhduesh\u00ebm t\u00eb aplikacioneve korporat\u00eb, sh\u00ebrbimeve dhe faqeve n\u00eb \u00e7do kushte. Edhe n\u00eb rastin e nj\u00eb fundi t\u00eb bot\u00ebs. K\u00ebto infrastruktur\u00eb llogarit\u00ebse duhet jo vet\u00ebm t\u00eb ruajn\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat me cil\u00ebsi, por gjithashtu t\u00eb minimizojn\u00eb sa m\u00eb shum\u00eb koh\u00ebn e pezullimit t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimeve IT t\u00eb kompanis\u00eb (lexo: biznesit), si gjat\u00eb epidemive t\u00eb bllokimeve nga Roskomnadzor, ashtu edhe gjat\u00eb katastrofave natyrore, katastrofave teknologjike dhe n\u00eb \u00e7do rrethan\u00eb tjet\u00ebr forca majeure. Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb rast\u00ebsi q\u00eb k\u00ebto zgjidhje quhen rezistente ndaj katastrofave (Disaster Recovery). <\/p>\n

P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb, platformat e komplekseve llogarit\u00ebse, q\u00eb punojn\u00eb p\u00ebr kompani, duhet t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb larguara nga nj\u00ebra-tjetra n\u00eb nj\u00eb distanc\u00eb t\u00eb sigurt sipas nj\u00eb skeme t\u00eb caktuar (shi tabel\u00ebn dhe iluztrimin m\u00eb posht\u00eb). N\u00eb rast nevoje p\u00ebrdoret plani i rim\u00ebk\u00ebmbjes emergjente (disaster recovery plan, DR-Plan) dhe transferimi automatik i sh\u00ebrbimeve t\u00eb klient\u00ebve n\u00eb nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr platform\u00eb t\u00eb rrjetit me ndihm\u00ebn e metodave t\u00eb besueshm\u00ebris\u00eb dhe zgjidhjeve software, optimale p\u00ebr \u00e7do rast konkret (replicimi i t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, kopjimi rezerv\u00eb etj.).<\/p>\n

S\u00eb dyti, p\u00ebr t\u00eb rritur performanc\u00ebn. N\u00eb mod t\u00eb zakonsh\u00ebm (jo forca majeure, por q\u00eb ka ngarkesa pik\u00ebsore) qendrat e shp\u00ebrndara t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave jan\u00eb t\u00eb destinuara p\u00ebr t\u00eb rritur produktivitetin e kompanis\u00eb dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb minimizuar humbjet informative (p\u00ebr shembull, gjat\u00eb sulmeve DDoS). K\u00ebtu aktivizohen komplekset e balancimit t\u00eb ngarkes\u00ebs midis nyjeve llogarit\u00ebse: ngarkesa shp\u00ebrndahet n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb barabart\u00eb, dhe n\u00eb rastin e d\u00ebshtimit t\u00eb nj\u00ebrit nga nyjet, funksionet e tij do t\u00eb marrin p\u00ebrsip\u00ebr nyjet e tjera t\u00eb kompleksit.<\/p>\n

S\u00eb treti, p\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar funksionimin efektiv t\u00eb deg\u00ebve t\u00eb larg\u00ebta. P\u00ebr kompanit\u00eb q\u00eb kan\u00eb shum\u00eb deg\u00eb, zgjidhjet e ruajtjes dhe p\u00ebrpunimit t\u00eb informacionit jan\u00eb t\u00eb centralizuara me replikim t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndar\u00eb gjeografikisht. \u00c7do deg\u00eb mund t\u00eb punoj\u00eb me volumet e saj t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, t\u00eb cilat do t\u00eb mblidhen n\u00eb nj\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb vetme n\u00eb zyr\u00ebn qendrore. N\u00eb k\u00ebmbim, ndryshimet n\u00eb baz\u00ebn qendrore reflektohen gjithashtu n\u00eb bazat e deg\u00ebve.<\/p>\n

\u258dStruktura e qendrave t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndara t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave<\/h3>\n

\nQendrat gjeografikisht t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndara t\u00eb p\u00ebrpunimit t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave ndahen n\u00eb kat\u00ebr lloje. P\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesin e jasht\u00ebm, ato duken si nj\u00eb sistem i vet\u00ebm: menaxhimi b\u00ebhet p\u00ebrmes nj\u00eb nd\u00ebrfaqe sh\u00ebrbimi dhe mb\u00ebshtetjeje. <\/p>\n

\"Disa<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

\"Disa
\nQendrat gjeografikisht t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndara t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave<\/i><\/p>\n

\u258dQ\u00ebllimet p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilat biznesi ka nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr Qendrat e Shp\u00ebrndara t\u00eb T\u00eb Dh\u00ebnave:<\/h3>\n

\nVazhdim\u00ebsia e p\u00ebrpunimit t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave. Pjesa e pand\u00ebrprer\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb zgjidhur problemet teknike q\u00eb lindin pa ndalur proceset e biznesit edhe n\u00eb rastin e d\u00ebshtimeve n\u00eb disa kanale komunikimi dhe nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb sistemit. P\u00ebr t\u00eb th\u00ebn\u00eb, aft\u00ebsia e sistemit p\u00ebr t\u00eb kryer funksionet e tij p\u00ebr nj\u00eb periudh\u00eb t\u00eb planifikuar kohore duke marr\u00eb parasysh mesataren kohore t\u00eb funksionimit t\u00eb sigurt dhe afatet p\u00ebr rim\u00ebk\u00ebmbjen e funksionimit (Recovery Time Objective<\/a><\/noindex>) p\u00ebrcakton nivelin e besueshm\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb Qendrave t\u00eb P\u00ebrpunimit t\u00eb T\u00eb Dh\u00ebnave. Ekzistojn\u00eb gjithsej kat\u00ebr nivele: TIER1, TIER2, TIER3, TIER4; sa m\u00eb i lart\u00eb t\u00eb jet\u00eb treguesi, aq m\u00eb i besuesh\u00ebm \u00ebsht\u00eb pajisja e qendr\u00ebs dhe standardi i infrastruktur\u00ebs s\u00eb saj. <\/p>\n

Rritja e performanc\u00ebs, kapacitetit. N\u00eb rast nevoje (ngarkesa pik\u00ebsore) \u2014 mund\u00ebsia p\u00ebr t\u00eb rritur kapacitetet dhe p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar efikasitetin e qendrave t\u00eb rezerv\u00ebs t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave fal\u00eb efektit t\u00eb mas\u00ebs: shfryt\u00ebzimit maksimal t\u00eb burimeve llogarit\u00ebse t\u00eb gjith\u00eb sistemit t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndar\u00eb. Shkall\u00ebzueshm\u00ebria siguron mund\u00ebsi fleksib\u00ebl llogarit\u00ebse sipas k\u00ebrkes\u00ebs p\u00ebrmes konfigurimit dinamik.<\/p>\n

Katastrofoustit\u00eb. Sigurohet p\u00ebrmes rezervimit t\u00eb kapaciteteve kompjuterike n\u00eb nj\u00eb lokacion t\u00eb larg\u00ebt. Funksionaliteti i sistemit arrin p\u00ebrmes nj\u00eb konfigurimi t\u00eb caktuar t\u00eb pik\u00ebs s\u00eb rikuperimit RPO dhe koh\u00ebs s\u00eb rikuperimit RTO (n\u00eb var\u00ebsi t\u00eb planit, shkalla e siguris\u00eb dhe shpejt\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb rikuperimit jan\u00eb t\u00eb ndryshme).<\/p>\n

Sh\u00ebrbimet e shp\u00ebrndara. Burimet dhe sh\u00ebrbimet IT t\u00eb kompanis\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb ndara nga infrastruktura baz\u00eb dhe ofrohen n\u00eb nj\u00eb mjedis shum\u00eb-pal\u00ebsh sipas k\u00ebrkes\u00ebs dhe n\u00eb shkall\u00eb t\u00eb nevojshme.<\/p>\n

Lokalizimi gjeografik i sh\u00ebrbimeve. P\u00ebr t\u00eb zgjeruar audienc\u00ebn e mark\u00ebs dhe p\u00ebr t\u00eb hyr\u00eb n\u00eb tregje t\u00eb reja gjeografike.<\/p>\n

Optimizimi i shpenzimeve. Krijimi dhe mbajtja e nj\u00eb data qendre t\u00eb vet\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb e kushtueshme<\/a><\/noindex> . P\u00ebr shumic\u00ebn e kompanive, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht atyre q\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndara n\u00eb territor dhe atyre q\u00eb planifikojn\u00eb pika t\u00eb reja t\u00eb pranishme n\u00eb treg, transferimi i infrastruktur\u00ebs IT n\u00eb outsourcing do t\u00eb ndihmoj\u00eb n\u00eb kursimin e konsideruesh\u00ebm.<\/p>\n

Pse \u00ebsht\u00eb e dobishme p\u00ebr biznesin t\u00eb ket\u00eb nj\u00eb data qend\u00ebr \"n\u00eb an\u00eb\"<\/h2>\n

\nP\u00ebr shum\u00eb sh\u00ebrbime moderne dhe aplikacione biznesi, shpejt\u00ebsia e qasjes n\u00eb lokacion mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb kritike. Kjo shpejt\u00ebsi varet, para s\u00eb gjithash, nga distanca midis lokacioneve t\u00eb sistemeve t\u00eb QKZ-ve t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndara. N\u00ebse \u00ebsht\u00eb e vog\u00ebl, at\u00ebher\u00eb komunikimet thjeshtohen dhe p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsohet performanca p\u00ebr shkak se zvog\u00eblohet vonesa e sinjalit (latency). Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme gjat\u00eb rezervimit. N\u00eb nj\u00eb kabllo fiber optike, vonesa e p\u00ebrhapjes s\u00eb drit\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb rreth 5 ms\/km. Latency ka ndikim mbi koh\u00ebn e ekzekutimit t\u00eb operacionit t\u00eb hyrjes dhe daljes, e cila \u00ebsht\u00eb rreth 5\u201410 ms. <\/p>\n

Duke qen\u00eb se sh\u00ebrbimet duhet t\u00eb funksionojn\u00eb vazhdimisht, ato duhet t\u00eb ken\u00eb nj\u00eb shkall\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb aksesueshm\u00ebris\u00eb dhe t\u00eb ken\u00eb minimumin e koh\u00ebs s\u00eb papun\u00ebsis\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb e dobishme p\u00ebr biznesin t\u00eb jap\u00eb me qira infrastruktur\u00ebn IT n\u00eb nj\u00eb af\u00ebrsi gjeografike me p\u00ebrdoruesit e tregjeve t\u00eb synuara.<\/p>\n

Shpejt\u00ebsia e qasjes n\u00eb lokacion gjithashtu varet nga pajisjet. P\u00ebr shembull, n\u00eb QK-n\u00eb ton\u00eb t\u00eb re n\u00eb \"IT Park\" n\u00eb Kazan, mund t\u00eb merrni p\u00ebr serverin tuaj virtual nj\u00eb kanal interneti 100 Mbit\/s me nj\u00eb qasje maksimalisht komode. <\/p>\n

Bizneset me nj\u00eb mbulueshm\u00ebri nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare t\u00eb gjer\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb mir\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorin lokacione nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare p\u00ebr vendosjen e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave me q\u00ebllim t\u00eb kursimit t\u00eb kostove t\u00eb trafikut dhe zvog\u00eblimin e koh\u00ebs s\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigjes s\u00eb faqeve t\u00eb internetit p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesit e huaj. Nj\u00eb koh\u00eb e gjat\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigjeje \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb arsye p\u00ebr renditjen e ul\u00ebt n\u00eb rezultatet e k\u00ebrkimit Google<\/a><\/noindex> dhe, m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishmja, nj\u00eb arsye p\u00ebr ikjen e audienc\u00ebs s\u00eb synuar nga faqet tuaja (n\u00eb nivel t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb pages\u00ebs, q\u00eb \u00e7on n\u00eb humbjen e lidershipit).<\/p>\n

Cilat jan\u00eb p\u00ebrfitimet e data qendrave rezerv\u00eb<\/h2>\n

\nDuke marr\u00eb parasysh shpesh situat\u00ebn e paq\u00ebndrueshme n\u00eb Rusi n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e siguris\u00eb informative (p\u00ebr shembull, blokimi i mas\u00ebs s\u00eb IP-ve nga Roskomnadzor, i cili ka ndikuar madje edhe n\u00eb faqe q\u00eb nuk kan\u00eb lidhje me Telegram-in), \u00ebsht\u00eb e dobishme q\u00eb nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e infrastruktur\u00ebs IT t\u00eb biznesit t\u00eb vendoset jasht\u00eb fush\u00ebs ligjore ruse. Duke marr\u00eb me qira server\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb QK n\u00eb Zvic\u00ebr, ju i n\u00ebnshtroheni ligjeve zvicerane p\u00ebr mbrojtjen e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, t\u00eb cilat jan\u00eb mjaft strikte. K\u00ebshtu, as strukturat qeveritare t\u00eb Zvicr\u00ebs (p\u00ebrve\u00e7 qeveris\u00eb n\u00eb raste t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta), as organet e zbatimit t\u00eb ligjit t\u00eb vendeve t\u00eb tjera nuk kan\u00eb qasje n\u00eb ndonj\u00eb informacion n\u00eb server\u00ebt \"zviceran\u00eb\". Pa dijenin\u00eb e klientit, t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat nuk mund t\u00eb k\u00ebrkohen nga qendrat e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave dhe ofruesit.<\/p>\n

Deployment i nj\u00eb data qendre rezerv\u00eb (ose hosting) n\u00eb nj\u00eb lokacion t\u00eb larg\u00ebt (t\u00eb huaj<\/a><\/noindex>) justifikohet strategjikisht dhe n\u00eb rast nevoje p\u00ebr migrim pa dhimbje t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimeve kritike p\u00ebr biznesin p\u00ebr funksionimin e tyre pa nd\u00ebrprerje. <\/p>\n

Pak m\u00eb shum\u00eb p\u00ebr QK-n\u00eb e Kazanit<\/h2>\n

\nDuke folur p\u00ebr data qendr\u00ebn n\u00eb Kazan, le t\u00eb lejojm\u00eb nj\u00eb bllok t\u00eb vog\u00ebl reklamimi. \"IT Park\", ku ndodhet QK-ja \u2014 \u00ebsht\u00eb parku m\u00eb i madh teknologjik n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e teknologjive t\u00eb larta n\u00eb Tatarstan. Ky \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb data qend\u00ebr me nj\u00eb sip\u00ebrfaqe prej nj\u00eb kilometri katror t\u00eb nivelit TIER3 me kapacitet prej 2.5 MW dhe mund\u00ebsin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb vendosur m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 300 stative. <\/p>\n

\"Disa
\nSiguria n\u00eb nivel fizik \u00ebsht\u00eb e siguruar nga dy kulla t\u00eb mbrojtura me arm\u00eb, kamera n\u00eb perimeter, nj\u00eb sistem t\u00eb hyrjes me pasaport\u00eb, nj\u00eb sistem biometrik t\u00eb kontrollit t\u00eb hyrjes (gisht\u00ebrinj) n\u00eb sall\u00ebn e makinave dhe madje nj\u00eb kod veshje p\u00ebr vizitor\u00ebt (mantilla, k\u00ebpuc\u00eb speciale me automatik p\u00ebr veshje).<\/p>\n

\"Disa
\nT\u00eb gjitha ambientet teknike dhe sallat e server\u00ebve jan\u00eb t\u00eb pajisura me nj\u00eb sistem automatik t\u00eb gasit p\u00ebr shuarjen e zjarrit me detektor\u00eb tymi, q\u00eb lejon eliminimin e burimit t\u00eb zjarrit pa d\u00ebmtuar pajisjet e larta teknologjike. Sistemet e ruajtjes s\u00eb energjis\u00eb, ftohjes dhe ventilimit jan\u00eb realizuar n\u00eb nivelin m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb, dhe elementet kryesore t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre sistemeve jan\u00eb t\u00eb vendosura n\u00eb ambiente t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta.<\/p>\n

\"Disa
\nKemi v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb funksion nj\u00eb zon\u00eb t\u00eb mbytur n\u00eb qendr\u00ebn e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave \"IT Park\". Qendra e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave ka SLA prej 99.982%, q\u00eb do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se plot\u00ebson plot\u00ebsisht k\u00ebrkesat e larta nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare p\u00ebr q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb operuese t\u00eb qendrave t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave. Ka licenca nga FSTEK dhe FSB, si dhe certifikat\u00ebn PCI-DSS, e cila lejon vendosjen e pajisjeve t\u00eb organizatave q\u00eb punojn\u00eb me t\u00eb dh\u00ebna personale (bankat dhe t\u00eb tjera). Dhe, si gjithmon\u00eb, \u00e7mimet p\u00ebr \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u00ebt virtual\u00eb nga ofruesi i hostingut RUVDS n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb qend\u00ebr t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave nuk ndryshojn\u00eb nga \u00e7mimet n\u00eb VPS<\/a><\/noindex> t\u00eb tjerat qendra tona t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave n\u00eb Mosk\u00eb, Sh\u00ebn Petersburg, Lond\u00ebr, Zyrih.<\/p>\n

\"Disa<\/a><\/noindex>
\n
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