{"id":30031,"date":"2019-10-31T21:33:20","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:33:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/linux-foundation-zajmetsya-open-source-chipami\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:33:20","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:33:20","slug":"linux-foundation-zajmetsya-open-source-chipami","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/linux-foundation-zajmetsya-open-source-chipami","title":{"rendered":"Fondacioni Linux do t\u00eb merret me \u00e7ipat open source","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Linux Foundation ka hap\u00ebn nj\u00eb drejtim t\u00eb ri \u2014 CHIPS Alliance. N\u00eb kuad\u00ebr t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj projekti, organizata do t\u00eb zhvilloj\u00eb nj\u00eb sistem t\u00eb hapur t\u00eb komandave RISC-V dhe teknologji p\u00ebr t\u00eb krijuar procesor\u00eb bazuar n\u00eb t\u00eb. Do t\u00eb flasim m\u00eb holl\u00ebsisht p\u00ebr at\u00eb q\u00eb po ndodh n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb fush\u00eb.<\/p>\n

\"Fondacioni<\/a><\/noindex><\/a><\/noindex>
\n\/ \u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e Gareth Halfacree<\/a><\/noindex> CC BY-SA<\/a><\/noindex><\/i><\/p>\n

Pse u shfaq CHIPS Alliance<\/h2>\n

\nPatch-et q\u00eb mbrojn\u00eb nga Meltdown dhe Spectre, n\u00eb disa raste redukojn\u00eb performanc\u00ebn<\/a><\/noindex> e server\u00ebve me 50%. N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb, ende shfaqen variacione t\u00eb reja t\u00eb dob\u00ebsive, t\u00eb lidhura me ekzekutimin spekullativ t\u00eb komandave. P\u00ebr nj\u00eb nga ato u b\u00eb e njohur n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb marsit<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 ekspert\u00ebt n\u00eb sigurin\u00eb e informacionit e quajt\u00ebn at\u00eb Spoiler. Kjo situat\u00eb ndikon n\u00eb diskutimi<\/a><\/noindex> nevoj\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u00eb rishikuar zgjidhjet aktuale t\u00eb harduerit dhe qasjet p\u00ebr zhvillimin e tyre. N\u00eb ve\u00e7anti, Intel po p\u00ebrgatit<\/a><\/noindex> nj\u00eb arkitektur\u00eb t\u00eb re p\u00ebr procesor\u00ebt e saj, t\u00eb paprekshme nga Meltdown dhe Spectre.<\/p>\n

Nuk kan\u00eb mbetur pas dhe n\u00eb Linux Foundation. Organizata ka nisur nism\u00ebn e saj \u2014 CHIPS Alliance \u2014 pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebsit e s\u00eb cil\u00ebs do t\u00eb angazhohen n\u00eb zhvillimin e procesor\u00ebve bazuar n\u00eb RISC-V.<\/p>\n

Cilat projekte po zhvillohen tashm\u00eb<\/h2>\n

<\/p>\n

N\u00eb list\u00ebn e pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebsve n\u00eb CHIPS Alliance jan\u00eb Google, Western Digital (WD) dhe SiFive. Secila prej tyre ka paraqitur zhvillimet e veta. Do t\u00eb flasim p\u00ebr disa prej tyre.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

<\/p>\n

RISCV-DV<\/h5>\n

\nGiganti i IT Google e kaloi n\u00eb open source platform\u00ebn p\u00ebr testimin e procesor\u00ebve t\u00eb bazuar n\u00eb RISC-V. Zgjidhja gjeneron rast\u00ebsisht komanda, q\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex> t\u00eb testojn\u00eb funksionalitetin e pajisjes: testojn\u00eb proceset e kalimit, stack-un e thirrjeve, lejojn\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex> CSR -regjistrat dhe t\u00eb tjer\u00eb.<\/a><\/noindex>k\u00ebtu \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb klas\u00eb<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr shembull, , e cila p\u00ebrgjigjet p\u00ebr kryerjen e nj\u00eb testi t\u00eb thjesht\u00eb t\u00eb instruktimeve aritmetike:<\/a><\/noindex>class riscv_arithmetic_basic_test extends riscv_instr_base_test;\n\n `uvm_component_utils(riscv_arithmetic_basic_test)\n `uvm_component_new\n\n virtual function void randomize_cfg();\n cfg.instr_cnt = 10000;\n cfg.num_of_sub_program = 0;\n cfg.no_fence = 1;\n cfg.no_data_page = 1'b1;\n cfg.no_branch_jump = 1'b1;\n `DV_CHECK_RANDOMIZE_WITH_FATAL(cfg,\n init_privileged_mode == MACHINE_MODE;\n max_nested_loop == 0;)\n `uvm_info(`gfn, $sformatf(\"riscv_instr_gen_config is randomized:n%0s\",\n cfg.sprint()), UVM_LOW)\n endfunction\n\nendclass<\/p>\n

t\u00eb zhvilluesve, platforma dallohet nga homolog\u00ebt e saj p\u00ebr faktin se lejon kontrollin e t\u00eb gjitha komponenteve t\u00eb \u00e7ip-it, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb bllokun e memories.\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\nSipas fjal\u00ebve<\/a><\/noindex> Protokolli OmniXtend<\/p>\n
Ky \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb protokoll rrjetit nga WD, q\u00eb siguron koherenc\u00ebn e caches gjat\u00eb transmetimit t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave p\u00ebrmes Ethernet.<\/h5>\n
\nOmniXtend OmniXtend<\/a><\/noindex> lejon ndihmon n\u00eb shk\u00ebmbimin e mesazheve drejtp\u00ebrdrejt me cache-in e procesorit dhe p\u00ebrdoret p\u00ebr lidhje t\u00eb acelerator\u00ebve t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm: GPU ose FPGA. Ai gjithashtu \u00ebsht\u00eb i p\u00ebrshtatsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr krijimin e sistemeve t\u00eb bazuara n\u00eb disa \u00e7ipa RISC-V.<\/p>\n
Protokolli tashm\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetet nga \u00e7ipat SweRV<\/a><\/noindex>, t\u00eb orientuar n\u00eb p\u00ebrpunimin e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave n\u00eb qendrat t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash. SweRV \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb procesor superkalar 32-bit\u00ebsh me dy pipelines, i nd\u00ebrtuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb proces teknologjik prej 28 nanometrash. \u00c7do pipeline ka n\u00ebnt\u00eb nivele, duke lejuar ngarkimin dhe ekzekutimin e disa komande nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht. Pajisja punon me nj\u00eb frekuenc\u00eb prej 1.8 GHz.<\/p>\n
Giganti Rocket Chip<\/h5>\n
\nzgjidhje nga kompania SiFive, e cila \u00ebsht\u00eb themeluar nga zhvilluesit e teknologjis\u00eb RISC-V. Rocket Chip<\/a><\/noindex> \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb gjenerator i b\u00ebrthamave t\u00eb procesorit RISC-V n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn Chisel. Ai p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebson<\/a><\/noindex> \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb set parametrik librarish, t\u00eb cilat p\u00ebrdoren p\u00ebr krijimin SoC<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n
Sa i p\u00ebrket Chisel<\/a><\/noindex>, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb gjuh\u00eb p\u00ebrshkrimi i harduerit, e bazuar n\u00eb Scala. Ai gjeneron kod t\u00eb nivelit t\u00eb ul\u00ebt n\u00eb Verilog, i cili \u00ebsht\u00eb i p\u00ebrshtatsh\u00ebm<\/a><\/noindex> p\u00ebr p\u00ebrpunim n\u00eb ASIC dhe FPGA. K\u00ebshtu, ai lejon p\u00ebrdorimin e parimeve t\u00eb OOP n\u00eb zhvillimin RTL<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n
Perspektivat e aleanc\u00ebs<\/h2>\n
\nEkspert\u00ebt thon\u00eb se iniciativa e Fondacionit Linux do ta b\u00ebj\u00eb tregun e procesor\u00ebve m\u00eb demokratik dhe t\u00eb hapur p\u00ebr lojtar\u00eb t\u00eb rinj. N\u00eb IDC v\u00ebrehet<\/a><\/noindex>, rritja e popullaritetit t\u00eb projekteve t\u00eb tilla do t\u00eb ket\u00eb nj\u00eb efekt pozitiv n\u00eb zhvillimin e teknologjive t\u00eb m\u00ebsimit t\u00eb makinerive dhe sistemeve AI n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi.<\/p>\n
\"Fondacioni
\n\/ \u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e Fritzchens Fritz<\/a><\/noindex> PD<\/i><\/p>\n
Zhvillimi i procesor\u00ebve open source gjithashtu do t\u00eb ndihmoj\u00eb n\u00eb uljen e kostos s\u00eb projektimit t\u00eb \u00e7ipave t\u00eb personalizuar. Megjithat\u00eb, kjo do t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb vet\u00ebm n\u00ebse komuniteti i Fondacionit Linux arrin t\u00eb t\u00ebrheq\u00eb nj\u00eb num\u00ebr t\u00eb mjaftuesh\u00ebm zhvilluesish.<\/p>\n
Projekte t\u00eb ngjashme<\/h2>\n
\nZhvillimi i projekteve t\u00eb lidhura me harduerin e hapur po b\u00ebhet edhe nga organizata t\u00eb tjera. Nj\u00eb shembull mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb konsorciumi CXL, i cili prezantoi n\u00eb mes t\u00eb marsit standardin Compute Express Link. Kjo teknologji \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb analogi e OmniXtend dhe gjithashtu lidh CPU, GPU, FPGA. P\u00ebr shk\u00ebmbimin e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, standardi p\u00ebrdor shin\u00eb PCIe 5.0.<\/p>\n
Nj\u00eb projekt tjet\u00ebr, q\u00eb merret me zhvillimin e teknologjive t\u00eb procesor\u00ebve, \u00ebsht\u00eb MIPS Open, i cili u shfaq n\u00eb dhjetor 2018. Iniciativa u krijua nga start-upi Wave Computing. Zhvilluesit planifikojn\u00eb t\u00eb hapin<\/a><\/noindex> p\u00ebr komunitetin IT aksesin n\u00eb setet e fundit t\u00eb komandave 32- dhe 64-bit\u00ebshe MIPS. Nisma e projektit pritet<\/a><\/noindex> do t\u00eb nis\u00eb n\u00eb muajt n\u00eb vijim.<\/p>\n
N\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi, qasja open source po b\u00ebhet e pranuar jo vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr softuerin, por edhe p\u00ebr harduerin. Projekte t\u00eb tilla mb\u00ebshteten nga kompani t\u00eb m\u00ebdha. Prandaj, mund t\u00eb pritet q\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen e af\u00ebrt t\u00eb shqiptart\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb pajisje q\u00eb bazohen n\u00eb standarde t\u00eb hapura harduerike.<\/p>\n
\nPostime t\u00eb reja nga blogu yn\u00eb korporativ:<\/p>\n