{"id":31079,"date":"2019-10-31T21:39:19","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:39:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/tcp-steganografiya-ili-kak-skryt-peredachu-dannyh-v-internete\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:39:19","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:39:19","slug":"tcp-steganografiya-ili-kak-skryt-peredachu-dannyh-v-internete","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/tcp-steganografiya-ili-kak-skryt-peredachu-dannyh-v-internete","title":{"rendered":"Steganografia TCP ose si t\u00eb fshehim transmetimin e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave n\u00eb internet","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Steganografia
\n
\nK\u00ebrkuesit polak\u00eb kan\u00eb propozuar nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb re p\u00ebr steganografin\u00eb rrjetore t\u00eb bazuar n\u00eb karakteristikat e funksionimit t\u00eb protokollit t\u00eb transportit TCP, i cili \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb i p\u00ebrhapur. Autor\u00ebt e pun\u00ebs besojn\u00eb se skema e tyre mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret, p\u00ebr shembull, p\u00ebr d\u00ebrgimin e mesazheve t\u00eb fshehta n\u00eb vende totalitare q\u00eb aplikojn\u00eb censur\u00eb t\u00eb ashp\u00ebr n\u00eb internet. Le t\u00eb kuptojm\u00eb se \u00e7far\u00eb p\u00ebrfshin, n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, kjo novat\u00eb dhe sa e dobishme \u00ebsht\u00eb ajo.<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

S\u00eb pari, duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktojm\u00eb se \u00e7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb steganografia. Pra, steganografia \u00ebsht\u00eb shkenca e d\u00ebrgimit t\u00eb fsheht\u00eb t\u00eb mesazheve. K\u00ebshtu q\u00eb, duke p\u00ebrdorur metodat e saj, pal\u00ebt p\u00ebrpiqen t\u00eb fshehin vet\u00ebm faktin e d\u00ebrgimit<\/b>. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb ajo q\u00eb e dallon k\u00ebt\u00eb shkenc\u00eb nga kriptografia, e cila p\u00ebrpiqet t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb t\u00eb pamundshme leximin e p\u00ebrmbajtjes s\u00eb mesazhit<\/b>. Vlen t\u00eb theksohet se komuniteti profesional i kriptograf\u00ebve i qaset steganografis\u00eb me mosp\u00ebrfillje p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb af\u00ebrsis\u00eb s\u00eb ideologjis\u00eb s\u00eb saj me parimin \"Siguria p\u00ebrmes err\u00ebsir\u00ebs\". Ky parim, p\u00ebr shembull, p\u00ebrdoret n\u00eb kompanin\u00eb Skype Inc. - kodin burimor t\u00eb aplikacionit t\u00eb njohur t\u00eb thirrjeve e kan\u00eb t\u00eb mbyllur dhe askush nuk di sakt\u00ebsisht se si realizohet enkriptimi i t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave. Koh\u00ebt e fundit, p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb ka shprehur shqet\u00ebsim edhe NSA, p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilin nj\u00eb specialist i njohur, Bruce Schneier shkroi<\/a><\/noindex> e p\u00ebrmendi n\u00eb blogun e tij. <\/p>\n

Kur kthimi n\u00eb steganografi, le t'i p\u00ebrgjigjemi pyetjes se p\u00ebrse \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme, n\u00ebse ekziston kriptografia. N\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, mund t\u00eb kodoni nj\u00eb mesazh duke p\u00ebrdorur ndonj\u00eb algorit\u00ebm bashk\u00ebkohor, dhe me p\u00ebrdorimin e nj\u00eb \u00e7el\u00ebsi t\u00eb mjaftuesh\u00ebm t\u00eb gjat\u00eb, askush nuk do t\u00eb mund ta lexoj\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb mesazh, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 se n\u00ebse ju e d\u00ebshironi k\u00ebt\u00eb. Megjithat\u00eb, ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb e dobishme t\u00eb fshehni vet\u00eb faktin e d\u00ebrgimit t\u00eb fsheht\u00eb. P\u00ebr shembull, n\u00ebse autoritetet p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse kan\u00eb kapur mesazhin tuaj t\u00eb koduar, nuk mund ta zb\u00ebrthejn\u00eb, por e kan\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb informacione dhe kan\u00eb metodat e tyre p\u00ebr t\u00eb vepruar. D\u00ebgjohet si nj\u00eb dystopi, por pajtohuni se kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur n\u00eb parim. Prandaj, do t\u00eb ishte m\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebnte q\u00eb ata q\u00eb nuk kan\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00eb t\u00eb din\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb se ndodhi nj\u00eb d\u00ebrgese. K\u00ebrkuesit polak\u00eb kan\u00eb propozuar nj\u00eb metod\u00eb t\u00eb till\u00eb. Ata madje e propozojn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb p\u00ebrmes nj\u00eb protokolli q\u00eb \u00e7do p\u00ebrdorues i internetit e p\u00ebrdor mij\u00ebra her\u00eb n\u00eb dit\u00eb.<\/p>\n

K\u00ebtu ne u afruam ngusht\u00eb me Protokollin e Kontrollit t\u00eb Transmitimit (TCP). T\u00eb shpjegosh t\u00eb gjitha detajet e tij, natyrisht, nuk ka kuptim - \u00ebsht\u00eb e gjat\u00eb, e m\u00ebrzitshme, ata q\u00eb kan\u00eb nevoj\u00eb e din\u00eb tashm\u00eb. N\u00eb p\u00ebrmbledhje, mund t\u00eb themi se TCP \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb protokoll i nivelit transportues (dmth. punon \"mbi\" IP dhe \"posht\u00eb\" protokolleve t\u00eb nivelit aplikativ, si p.sh. HTTP, FTP ose SMTP), i cili siguron dor\u00ebzimin e besuesh\u00ebm t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave nga d\u00ebrguesi te prij\u00ebsi. Dor\u00ebzimi i besuesh\u00ebm do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se n\u00ebse ndonj\u00eb paket\u00eb humbet ose arrin me ndryshime, TCP do t\u00eb kujdeset p\u00ebr d\u00ebrgimin e s\u00ebrish t\u00eb asaj pakete. Vlen t\u00eb p\u00ebrmendet se n\u00ebn ndryshimet n\u00eb paket\u00eb n\u00ebnkuptojm\u00eb jo shtremb\u00ebrimin e q\u00ebllimsh\u00ebm t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, por gabimet n\u00eb transmetim q\u00eb ndodhin n\u00eb nivelin fizik. P\u00ebr shembull, nd\u00ebrsa paketa kalonte p\u00ebrmes telave t\u00eb bakrit, disa bit\u00eb nd\u00ebrruan vler\u00ebn e tyre n\u00eb t\u00eb kund\u00ebrt\u00ebn ose humb\u00ebn mes zhurm\u00ebs (sidomos p\u00ebr Ethernet, vlera e Shkall\u00ebs s\u00eb Gabimeve t\u00eb Bit\u00ebve pranohet zakonisht rreth 10-8). Humbja e paketeve n\u00eb rrug\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb gjithashtu nj\u00eb fenomen relativisht i zakonsh\u00ebm n\u00eb internet. Ajo mund t\u00eb ndodh\u00eb, p\u00ebr shembull, p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb ngarkes\u00ebs s\u00eb router\u00ebve, e cila shpien n\u00eb mbutshje t\u00eb tampon\u00ebve dhe si pasoj\u00eb t\u00eb hedhjes s\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha paketeve t\u00eb reja q\u00eb mb\u00ebrrijn\u00eb. Zakonisht, pjesa e paketeve t\u00eb humbura p\u00ebrb\u00ebn rreth 0.1%, dhe n\u00ebse arrin n\u00eb disa p\u00ebrqindje, TCP n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb mbetet i penguar - p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesin do t\u00eb ket\u00eb ngadal\u00ebsim t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Pra, ne shohim se d\u00ebrgimi (ritransmisioni) i paketeve \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb fenomen i zakonsh\u00ebm dhe n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi i nevojsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr TCP. Pse t\u00eb mos e p\u00ebrdorim at\u00eb p\u00ebr nevojat e steganografis\u00eb, duke pasur parasysh se TCP, si\u00e7 u p\u00ebrmend m\u00eb sip\u00ebr, p\u00ebrdoret kudo (sipaccording to estimates, sot pjesa e TCP n\u00eb internet arrin 80-95%). Thelbi i metod\u00ebs s\u00eb propozuar q\u00ebndron n\u00eb faktin se n\u00eb mesazhin e d\u00ebrguar d\u00ebrgojm\u00eb jo at\u00eb q\u00eb ishte n\u00eb paket\u00ebn fillestare, por ato t\u00eb dh\u00ebna q\u00eb p\u00ebrpiqemi t'i fshehim. N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb, zbulimi i nj\u00eb z\u00ebvend\u00ebsimi t\u00eb till\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb aq e leht\u00eb. N\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, duhet t\u00eb dish se ku t\u00eb shikosh - numri i lidhjeve TCP t\u00eb nj\u00ebkohshme q\u00eb kalojn\u00eb p\u00ebrmes ofruesit \u00ebsht\u00eb thjesht i madh. N\u00ebse dihet niveli i p\u00ebraf\u00ebrt i ritransmetimit n\u00eb rrjet, at\u00ebher\u00eb mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatet mekanizmi i d\u00ebrgimit steganografik n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb lidhja juaj t\u00eb mos dalloj\u00eb nga t\u00eb tjerat. <\/p>\n

Sigurisht, ky metod nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb pa mang\u00ebsi. P\u00ebr shembull, nga nj\u00eb pik\u00ebpamje praktike, implementimi i tij nuk do t\u00eb jet\u00eb aq i leht\u00eb \u2014 do t\u00eb k\u00ebrkoj\u00eb ndryshimin e arkitektur\u00ebs s\u00eb rrjetit n\u00eb sistemet operative, megjith\u00ebse nuk ka asgj\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonisht t\u00eb komplikuar n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, me nj\u00eb sasi t\u00eb mjaftueshme burimesh, mund t\u00eb zbulohet ende paketa \"sekrete\", p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb duhet t\u00eb shqyrtohet dhe analizohet \u00e7do paket\u00eb n\u00eb rrjet. Por zakonisht kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb praktikisht e pamundur, prandaj zakonisht k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb paketa dhe lidhje q\u00eb duken ndryshe, dhe metoda e propozuar e b\u00ebn lidhjen tuaj t\u00eb duket krejt\u00ebsisht e zakonshme. Gjithashtu, askush nuk ju ndalon t\u00eb enkriptoni t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat sekrete p\u00ebr \u00e7do rast. N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb, lidhja vet\u00eb mund t\u00eb mbetet e paenkriptuar p\u00ebr t\u00eb shkaktuar m\u00eb pak dyshime.<\/p>\n

Autor\u00ebt e pun\u00ebs (n\u00eb fakt, p\u00ebr ata q\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb interesuar, ja<\/a><\/noindex> ajo) n\u00eb nivelin e simulimeve treguan se metoda e propozuar funksionon ashtu si\u00e7 ishte menduar. Mund t\u2019i shpresojm\u00eb se n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen dikush do t\u00eb merret me implementimin e ides\u00eb s\u00eb tyre n\u00eb praktik\u00eb. Dhe at\u00ebher\u00eb, shpresojm\u00eb, n\u00eb internet do t\u00eb ket\u00eb pak m\u00eb shum\u00eb liri.
\n
Burimi: habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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