{"id":31148,"date":"2019-10-31T21:39:44","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:39:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/novyj-balansirovshhik-nagruzki-na-cpu-ot-mit\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:39:44","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:39:44","slug":"novyj-balansirovshhik-nagruzki-na-cpu-ot-mit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/novyj-balansirovshhik-nagruzki-na-cpu-ot-mit","title":{"rendered":"Balancuesi i ri i ngarkes\u00ebs n\u00eb CPU nga MIT","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"
Sistemi Shenango pritet t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret n\u00eb qendrat e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave.<\/h5>\n

\n\"Balancuesi<\/a><\/noindex>
\n\/ \u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e Marco Verch<\/a><\/noindex> CC BY<\/a><\/noindex><\/i><\/p>\n

Sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave nga nj\u00eb ofrues, qendrat e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave p\u00ebrdorin<\/a><\/noindex> kan\u00eb vet\u00ebm 20\u201340% t\u00eb fuqis\u00eb llogarit\u00ebse t\u00eb disponueshme. N\u00eb ngarkesa t\u00eb larta, ky tregues mund t\u00eb arrij\u00eb deri n\u00eb 60%<\/a><\/noindex>. Nj\u00eb shp\u00ebrndarje e till\u00eb e burimeve \u00e7on n\u00eb formimin e ashtuquajturve \"server\u00eb zombi\". K\u00ebto jan\u00eb makina q\u00eb kalojn\u00eb shumic\u00ebn e koh\u00ebs t\u00eb papuna, duke shpenzuar energji elektrike pa kuptim. Sot 30% e server\u00ebve n\u00eb bot\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb papun\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex>, duke konsumuar elektricitet deri n\u00eb $30 miliard\u00eb n\u00eb vit.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr t\u00eb luftuar shpenzimet e pakuptimta t\u00eb burimeve llogarit\u00ebse, MIT ka vendosur<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Ekipi i inxhinier\u00ebve ka zhvilluar<\/a><\/noindex> nj\u00eb sistem balancimi ngarkese p\u00ebr procesor\u00ebt t\u00eb quajtur Shenango. Q\u00ebllimi i tij \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb monitoroj\u00eb gjendjen e buffers t\u00eb detyrave dhe t\u00eb riorganizoj\u00eb proceset \"e ngecura\" (t\u00eb cilat nuk mund t\u00eb fitojn\u00eb koh\u00eb procesori) n\u00eb makina t\u00eb lira.<\/p>\n

Si funksionon Shenango<\/h2>\n

\nShenango p\u00ebrb\u00ebhet nga nj\u00eb bibliotek\u00eb Linux n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn C me bindingje Rust dhe C++. Kodi i projektit dhe aplikacionet testuese jan\u00eb publikuar n\u00eb repotit\u00eb e tij<\/a><\/noindex> n\u00eb GitHub.<\/p>\n

Zgjidhja bazohet n\u00eb algoritmin IOKernel, i cili ekzekutohet n\u00eb nj\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00eb t\u00eb dedikuar t\u00eb nj\u00eb sistemi shum\u00ebprocesor. Ai menaxhon k\u00ebrkesat p\u00ebr CPU p\u00ebrmes nj\u00eb framework-u DPDK<\/a><\/noindex>, i cili lejon aplikacionet t\u00eb nd\u00ebrveprojn\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrdrejt me pajisjet rrjet.<\/p>\n

IOKernel vendos se cilave b\u00ebrthama t'u d\u00ebrgoj\u00eb nj\u00eb detyr\u00eb t\u00eb caktuar. Algoritmi gjithashtu p\u00ebrcakton sa b\u00ebrthama do t\u00eb nevojiten. P\u00ebr \u00e7do proces p\u00ebrcaktohen b\u00ebrthamat kryesore (garantuar) dhe shtesat (burstable) - t\u00eb dytat aktivizohen n\u00eb rast t\u00eb nj\u00eb rritjeje t\u00eb papritur t\u00eb k\u00ebrkesave ndaj CPU.<\/p>\n

Radhitja e k\u00ebrkesave IOKernel \u00ebsht\u00eb e organizuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb buffer n\u00eb form\u00eb rrethi<\/a><\/noindex>. \u00c7do pes\u00eb mikrosekonda algoritmi kontrollon n\u00ebse t\u00eb gjitha detyrat e caktuara n\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00eb jan\u00eb p\u00ebrfunduar. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb, ai krahason lokacionin aktual t\u00eb \"kok\u00ebs\" s\u00eb bufferit me pozitat e m\u00ebparshme t\u00eb \"bishtit\" t\u00eb tij. N\u00ebse zbulohet se bishti ka qen\u00eb n\u00eb radh\u00eb n\u00eb momentin e kontrollit t\u00eb m\u00ebparsh\u00ebm, sistemi e sh\u00ebnon mbingarkes\u00ebn e bufferit dhe alokon nj\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00eb shtes\u00eb p\u00ebr procesin.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb shp\u00ebrndarjen e ngarkes\u00ebs jepet p\u00ebrpar\u00ebsi b\u00ebrthamave, mbi t\u00eb cilat nj\u00eb proces i till\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb ekzekutuar m\u00eb par\u00eb dhe ka mbetur pjes\u00ebrisht n\u00eb memorie cache, ose \u00e7do b\u00ebrtham\u00eb e papun\u00eb.<\/p>\n

\"Balancuesi
\n
\nShenango gjithashtu p\u00ebrdor qasje vjedhje pune<\/a><\/noindex>B\u00ebrthamat e dedikuara p\u00ebr pun\u00ebn e nj\u00eb aplikacioni ndjekin numrin e detyrave t\u00eb nj\u00ebra-tjetr\u00ebs. N\u00ebse nj\u00eb b\u00ebrtham\u00eb p\u00ebrfundon list\u00ebn e saj t\u00eb detyrave m\u00eb shpejt se t\u00eb tjerat, ajo \"heq\" nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb ngarkes\u00ebs nga fqinj\u00ebt.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrpar\u00ebsit\u00eb dhe dob\u00ebsit\u00eb<\/h2>\n

\nSipas fjal\u00ebve<\/a><\/noindex> inxhinier\u00ebt nga MIT, Shenango \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb menaxhoj\u00eb pes\u00eb milion k\u00ebrkesa n\u00eb sekond\u00eb dhe t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtes\u00eb nj\u00eb mesatare reagimi prej 37 mikrosekondash. Ekspert\u00ebt thon\u00eb se n\u00eb disa raste, teknologjia mund t\u00eb rris\u00eb faktor\u00ebt e p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb CPU-ve n\u00eb qendrat t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash deri n\u00eb 100%. Si rezultat, operatoret e QDD-ve do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb kursejn\u00eb p\u00ebr blerjen dhe mir\u00ebmbajtjen e server\u00ebve.<\/p>\n

Potenciali i zgjidhjes v\u00ebrehet<\/a><\/noindex> dhe specialist\u00eb nga universitete t\u00eb tjera. Sipas nj\u00eb profesori nga instituti koreano, sistemi nga MIT do t\u00eb ndihmoj\u00eb n\u00eb zvog\u00eblimin e vonesave n\u00eb funksionimin e sh\u00ebrbimeve n\u00eb internet. P\u00ebr shembull, ai do t\u00eb jet\u00eb i dobish\u00ebm n\u00eb funksionimin e dyqaneve online. N\u00eb dit\u00ebt e promovimeve, nj\u00eb vones\u00eb prej sekondash n\u00eb ngarkimin e faqes \u00e7on<\/a><\/noindex> \u00e7on n\u00eb nj\u00eb r\u00ebnie t\u00eb numrit t\u00eb shikimeve t\u00eb faqes n\u00eb 11%. P\u00ebrdorimi efikas i ngarkes\u00ebs do t\u00eb ndihmoj\u00eb n\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimin e m\u00eb shum\u00eb klient\u00ebve.<\/p>\n

Teknologjia ende ka disa disavantazhe \u2014 nuk mb\u00ebshtet sistemet NUMA<\/a><\/noindex>-me shum\u00eb procesor\u00eb, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat \u00e7ipat jan\u00eb t\u00eb lidhur me modula t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm t\u00eb kujtes\u00ebs dhe nuk \"komunikojn\u00eb\" me nj\u00ebri-tjetrin. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rast, IOKernel mund t\u00eb rregulloj\u00eb pun\u00ebn e nj\u00eb grupi t\u00eb caktuar t\u00eb procesor\u00ebve, por jo t\u00eb gjith\u00eb \u00e7ipat e serverit.<\/p>\n

\"Balancuesi
\n\/ \u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e Tim Reckmann<\/a><\/noindex> CC BY<\/a><\/noindex><\/i><\/p>\n

Teknologji t\u00eb ngjashme<\/h2>\n

\nNd\u00ebr sistemet e tjera t\u00eb balancimit t\u00eb ngarkes\u00ebs n\u00eb procesor\u00eb, Arachne mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrmendet. Ajo llogarit se sa b\u00ebrthama do t\u00eb nevojiten p\u00ebr aplikacionin n\u00eb momentin e nisjes dhe shp\u00ebrndan proceset sipas k\u00ebtij treguesi. Sipas autor\u00ebve, maksima e vones\u00ebs s\u00eb funksionimit t\u00eb aplikacionit n\u00eb Arachne arrin rreth 10 mij\u00eb mikrosekonda.<\/p>\n

Teknologjia \u00ebsht\u00eb implementuar n\u00eb form\u00ebn e nj\u00eb biblioteke C++ p\u00ebr Linux, dhe kodi i saj burimor \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb GitHub<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr mjet-balancues \u00ebsht\u00eb ZygOS. Si Shenango, teknologjia p\u00ebrdor metod\u00ebn e vjedhjes s\u00eb pun\u00ebs p\u00ebr riparimet e proceseve. Sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb autor\u00ebve t\u00eb ZygOS, mesatarja e vones\u00ebs n\u00eb funksionimin e aplikacioneve kur p\u00ebrdoret mjeti arrin rreth 150 mikrosekonda, nd\u00ebrsa maksimumi \u00ebsht\u00eb rreth 450 mikrosekonda. Kodi i projektit gjithashtu \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb dispozicion publik<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebrfundimet<\/h2>\n

\nQendrat moderne t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave vazhdojn\u00eb t\u00eb zgjerojn\u00eb, sidomos tendenca e rritjes \u00ebsht\u00eb e dukshme n\u00eb tregun e qendrave t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave hyperscale: tani n\u00eb bot\u00eb ekziston<\/noindex> 430 hipermashtues t\u00eb Qendrave t\u00eb t\u00eb Dh\u00ebnave, por numri i tyre mund t\u00eb rritet me 30% n\u00eb vitet e ardhshme. P\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb arsye, teknologjit\u00eb e shp\u00ebrndarjes s\u00eb ngarkes\u00ebs n\u00eb procesor\u00eb do t\u00eb jen\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebrkuara. Sistemet si Shenango, tashm\u00eb po implementohen<\/a><\/noindex> nga korporatat e m\u00ebdha, dhe n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen numri i k\u00ebtij lloji t\u00eb instrumenteve do t\u00eb rritet vet\u00ebm.<\/p>\n

\nPostimet nga Blogu i Par\u00eb p\u00ebr IaaS-in e korporatave:<\/p>\n