{"id":31519,"date":"2019-10-31T21:41:40","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:41:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/elektricheskaya-stimulyatsiya-mozga-pomogla-pamyati-pozhilyh-lyudej-dognat-molodyh\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:41:40","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:41:40","slug":"elektricheskaya-stimulyatsiya-mozga-pomogla-pamyati-pozhilyh-lyudej-dognat-molodyh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/news\/elektricheskaya-stimulyatsiya-mozga-pomogla-pamyati-pozhilyh-lyudej-dognat-molodyh","title":{"rendered":"Stimuli elektrik i trurit ka ndihmuar memorjen e njer\u00ebzve t\u00eb moshuar t\u00eb arrij\u00eb at\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00eb rinjve","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

Nga trajtimi i depresionit deri te reduktimi i pasojave t\u00eb s\u00ebmundjes s\u00eb Parkinsonit dhe zgjuarjes s\u00eb pacient\u00ebve n\u00eb gjendje vegjetative, stimulimi i trurit me energji elektrike ka nj\u00eb potencial t\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonsh\u00ebm. Nj\u00eb nga k\u00ebrkimet e reja i ka drejtuar p\u00ebrpjekjet p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndaluar r\u00ebnien e aft\u00ebsive njoh\u00ebse, duke p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar kujtes\u00ebn dhe aft\u00ebsit\u00eb e t\u00eb m\u00ebsuarit. Eksperimenti i kryer nga shkenc\u00ebtar\u00ebt n\u00eb Universitetin e Bostonit demonstroi nj\u00eb teknik\u00eb jo-invazive, e cila \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb rikthej\u00eb kujtes\u00ebn e funksionit te t\u00eb moshuarit 70-vje\u00e7ar\u00eb, deri n\u00eb at\u00eb mas\u00eb sa ajo nuk i l\u00eb pas as atyre q\u00eb jan\u00eb 20 vje\u00e7.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb shum\u00eb studime rreth stimulimit t\u00eb trurit, p\u00ebrdoren elektroda t\u00eb implantuar n\u00eb zona t\u00eb caktuara t\u00eb trurit p\u00ebr t\u00eb d\u00ebrguar impulse elektrike. Kjo procedur\u00eb quhet \"stimulimi i thell\u00eb\" ose \"stimulimi direkt\" i trurit dhe ka avantazhet e saj fal\u00eb pozicionimit t\u00eb sakt\u00eb t\u00eb ndikimit. Megjithat\u00eb, implantimi i elektroda n\u00eb tru \u00ebsht\u00eb mjaft i papraktikuesh\u00ebm dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb i lidhur me rreziqe t\u00eb caktuara p\u00ebr inflamacion ose infeksion n\u00eb rast t\u00eb mosrespektimit t\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha standardeve operative.<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb alternativ\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb stimulimi indirekt p\u00ebrmes nj\u00eb metode jo-invazive (jo kirurgjikale) p\u00ebrmes elektrodave t\u00eb vendosura n\u00eb l\u00ebkur\u00ebn e kok\u00ebs, q\u00eb e lejon realizimin e k\u00ebtyre manipulimeve edhe n\u00eb kushte sht\u00ebpiake. Ky ishte metoda q\u00eb vendosi t\u00eb p\u00ebrdor\u00eb Rob Reinhart, neurobiolog nga Universiteti i Bostonit, n\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekjen p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsuar kujtes\u00ebn e t\u00eb moshuarve, e cila zakonisht dob\u00ebsohet me kalimin e mosh\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

\"Stimuli
\n<\/center><\/p>\n

Pik\u00ebrisht, eksperimentet e tij ishin plot\u00ebsisht t\u00eb p\u00ebrqendruara n\u00eb kujtes\u00ebn e funksionit, e cila aktivizohet, p\u00ebr shembull, kur ne kujtojm\u00eb se \u00e7far\u00eb duhet t\u00eb marrim n\u00eb supermarket, ose p\u00ebrpiqemi t\u00eb gjejm\u00eb \u00e7el\u00ebsat e makin\u00ebs. Sipas Reinhart, kujtesa e funksionit mund t\u00eb filloj\u00eb t\u00eb dob\u00ebsohet q\u00eb n\u00eb mosh\u00ebn 30 vje\u00e7are, pasi departamentet e ndryshme t\u00eb trurit fillojn\u00eb t\u00eb humbasin lidhshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e tyre dhe b\u00ebhen m\u00eb pak t\u00eb koordinuara. Kur arrijm\u00eb n\u00eb mosh\u00ebn 60 ose 70 vje\u00e7are, kjo moskoordinim mund t\u00eb \u00e7oj\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb r\u00ebnie t\u00eb dukshme t\u00eb funksioneve njoh\u00ebse.<\/p>\n

Shkenc\u00ebtari zbuloi nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb rikthyer lidhjet neuronale t\u00eb d\u00ebmtuara. Metoda bazohet n\u00eb dy elemente t\u00eb funksionimit t\u00eb trurit. E para \u00ebsht\u00eb \"p\u00ebrleshja\", kur pjes\u00eb t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb trurit aktivizohen n\u00eb nj\u00eb rend t\u00eb caktuar, si nj\u00eb orkest\u00ebr e mir\u00ebp\u00ebrgatitur. E dyta \u00ebsht\u00eb \"sinhronizimi\", kur ritmet m\u00eb t\u00eb ngadalta, t\u00eb njohura si ritmet theta t\u00eb lidhura me hippocampin, sinhronizohen si\u00e7 duhet. T\u00eb dyja k\u00ebto funksione p\u00ebrkeq\u00ebsohen me mosh\u00ebn dhe ndikon n\u00eb funksionimin e memories.<\/p>\n

\"Stimuli<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr eksperimentin e tij, Reinhart angazhoi nj\u00eb grup t\u00eb rinjsh n\u00eb mosh\u00eb rreth 20 vje\u00e7are, si dhe nj\u00eb grup t\u00eb moshuarish nga 60 deri n\u00eb 70 vje\u00e7. \u00c7do grup duhej t\u00eb kryente nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb detyrash t\u00eb caktuara, t\u00eb cilat p\u00ebrfshinin shikimin e nj\u00eb imazhi, pauzimin, shikimin e nj\u00eb imazhi t\u00eb dyt\u00eb, dhe m\u00eb pas gjetjen e diferencave mes tyre nga memoria.<\/p>\n

Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb \u00e7udi q\u00eb grupi eksperimental m\u00eb t\u00eb rinj performoi shum\u00eb m\u00eb mir\u00eb se grupi m\u00eb i moshuar. Por pastaj, Reinhart aplikoi 25 minuta stimulimi t\u00eb but\u00eb t\u00eb korteksit t\u00eb trurit t\u00eb moshuarve me impulse t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatura p\u00ebr konturat nervore t\u00eb secilit pacient n\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje me zon\u00ebn e korteksit q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebse p\u00ebr memorin\u00eb e pun\u00ebs. Pas k\u00ebsaj, grupet vazhduan t\u00eb kryenin detyrat dhe diferenca n\u00eb sakt\u00ebsin\u00eb e kryerjes s\u00eb detyrave nd\u00ebrmjet tyre u zhduk. Efekti zgjati t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn 50 minuta pas stimulimit. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, Reinhart zbuloi se ai kishte mund\u00ebsi t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsonte funksionin e memories edhe te t\u00eb rinjt\u00eb q\u00eb kishin performuar dob\u00ebt n\u00eb detyra.<\/p>\n

\"Ne zbuluam se subjektet e mosh\u00ebs 20 vje\u00e7are, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt kishin v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsi n\u00eb p\u00ebrfundimin e detyrave, gjithashtu mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrfitojn\u00eb nga stimulimi i nj\u00ebjt\u00eb,\" thot\u00eb Reinhardt. \"Ne arrit\u00ebm t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsojm\u00eb memory-n e tyre operuese, edhe n\u00ebse ata nuk ishin mbi 60 ose 70 vje\u00e7.\"<\/p>\n

Reinhart shpreson t\u00eb vazhdoj\u00eb studimin e m\u00ebnyr\u00ebs se si stimulimi i trurit mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsoj\u00eb funksionin e trurit t\u00eb njeriut, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht p\u00ebr ata q\u00eb vuajn\u00eb nga s\u00ebmundja e Alzheimerit.<\/p>\n

\"Kjo hap mund\u00ebsi t\u00eb reja p\u00ebr k\u00ebrkime dhe trajtime,\" thot\u00eb ai. \"Dhe ne jemi shum\u00eb t\u00eb lumtur p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb.\"<\/p>\n

Studimi u publikua n\u00eb revist\u00ebn Nature Neuroscience.<\/p>\n

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Burimi: 3dnews.ru<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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