{"id":31906,"date":"2019-10-31T21:43:53","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:43:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/sokrashhenie-riskov-downtime-blagodarya-arhitekture-shared-nothing\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:43:53","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:43:53","slug":"sokrashhenie-riskov-downtime-blagodarya-arhitekture-shared-nothing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/sokrashhenie-riskov-downtime-blagodarya-arhitekture-shared-nothing","title":{"rendered":"Reduktimi i rreziqeve t\u00eb downtime fal\u00eb arkitektur\u00ebs Shared Nothing","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Tema e q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebris\u00eb n\u00eb sistemet e ruajtjes s\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave \u00ebsht\u00eb gjithmon\u00eb aktuale, sepse n\u00eb epok\u00ebn ton\u00eb t\u00eb virtualizimit universalis dhe konsolidimit t\u00eb burimeve, ruajtja e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave \u00ebsht\u00eb ajo pik\u00eb, r\u00ebnia e s\u00eb cil\u00ebs do t\u00eb \u00e7oj\u00eb jo vet\u00ebm n\u00eb nj\u00eb aksident t\u00eb zakonsh\u00ebm, por n\u00eb nd\u00ebrprerje t\u00eb zgjatura t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimeve. Prandaj, ruajtjet e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave moderne p\u00ebrmbajn\u00eb shum\u00eb komponente t\u00eb dyfishta (deri n\u00eb kontrolluesit). Por, a \u00ebsht\u00eb e mjaftueshme kjo mbrojtje?<\/p>\n<p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Reduktimi i rreziqeve t\u00eb downtime fal\u00eb arkitektur\u00ebs Shared Nothing\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/47fc590f7b0a1f8353f61bf8461ec9b8.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<p>T\u00eb gjith\u00eb furnizuesit, duke p\u00ebrmendur karakteristikat e ruajtjeve t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, patjet\u00ebr q\u00eb p\u00ebrmendin q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e lart\u00eb t\u00eb zgjidhjeve t\u00eb tyre, duke shtuar domosdoshm\u00ebrisht termin \"pa asnj\u00eb pik\u00eb d\u00ebshtimi\". Le t\u00eb hedhim nj\u00eb sy m\u00eb t\u00eb af\u00ebrt n\u00eb nj\u00eb sistem tipik ruajtjeje t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave. P\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrjashtuar nd\u00ebrprerjet gjat\u00eb mir\u00ebmbajtjes, n\u00eb ruajtjet e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave dyfishohen blloqet e energjis\u00eb, modulat e ftohjes, portet hyr\u00ebse\/dale, ruajt\u00ebsit (duam t\u00eb themi RAID) dhe natyrisht, kontrolluesit. N\u00ebse e shikoni me kujdes k\u00ebt\u00eb arkitektur\u00eb, mund t\u00eb v\u00ebreni t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn dy pika potenciale d\u00ebshtimi, p\u00ebr t\u00eb cilat flitet me kujdes:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Prania e nj\u00eb buekplemesi t\u00eb vet\u00ebm (backplane)<\/li>\n<li>Prania e nj\u00eb kopjeje t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Backplane \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb pajisje teknike e komplikuar, e cila patjet\u00ebr i n\u00ebnshtrohet nj\u00eb testi t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm gjat\u00eb prodhimit. Prandaj, raste t\u00eb tilla kur ajo prishen plot\u00ebsisht jan\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb rralla. Megjithat\u00eb, edhe n\u00eb rast t\u00eb defekteve t\u00eb pjesshme, si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb vend i papun\u00eb i ruajt\u00ebsit, do t\u00eb nevojitet z\u00ebvend\u00ebsimi i tij me nj\u00eb fikje t\u00eb plot\u00eb t\u00eb ruajtjes s\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Krijimi i disa kopjeve t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave gjithashtu n\u00eb shikim t\u00eb par\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb problem. P\u00ebr shembull, funksionaliteti Clone n\u00eb ruajtjet e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, q\u00eb lejon p\u00ebrdit\u00ebsimin me nj\u00eb periudh\u00eb t\u00eb caktuar t\u00eb nj\u00eb kopjeje t\u00eb plot\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, \u00ebsht\u00eb mjaft i zakonsh\u00ebm. Megjithat\u00eb, n\u00eb rast t\u00eb problemeve me t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin backplane, kopja do t\u00eb jet\u00eb po aq e pamundur t\u00eb arrihet sa origjinali. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Nj\u00eb zgjidhje e qart\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb tejkaluar k\u00ebto mang\u00ebsi \u00ebsht\u00eb replikimi n\u00eb nj\u00eb sistem tjet\u00ebr t\u00eb ruajtjes s\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave. N\u00ebse mbyllim syt\u00eb p\u00ebr rritjen e pritur t\u00eb kostos s\u00eb pajisjeve (p\u00ebrball\u00eb k\u00ebtij vendimi, supozojm\u00eb se ata q\u00eb zgjedhin t\u00eb till\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb vet\u00ebdijsh\u00ebm dhe e pranojn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb fakt), do t\u00eb mbeten akoma shpenzime t\u00eb tjera p\u00ebr organizimin e replikimit, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb licencat, software dhe hardware shtes\u00eb. Gjithashtu, \u00ebsht\u00eb e domosdoshme t\u00eb sigurohet ndonj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb p\u00ebr q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb replikueshme. Dometh\u00ebn\u00eb, nd\u00ebrtimi i nj\u00eb virtualizuesi t\u00eb ruajtjes s\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave \/ vSAN \/ dhe etj., q\u00eb gjithashtu k\u00ebrkon resurset financiare dhe ato t\u00eb koh\u00ebs.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/accelstor.ru\/\">AccelStor <\/a><\/noindex>kur krijuam sistemet tona High Availability, synuam t\u00eb eliminojm\u00eb mang\u00ebsit\u00eb e p\u00ebrmendura m\u00eb sip\u00ebr. K\u00ebshtu lindi interpretimi i teknologjis\u00eb Shared Nothing, q\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrkthim t\u00eb lir\u00eb do t\u00eb thot\u00eb \"pa p\u00ebrdorimin e pajisjeve t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebta\".<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Koncepci <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/accelstor.ru\/page\/modeli-vysokoj-dostupnosti-ha\">Shared Nothing<\/a><\/noindex> arkitektura p\u00ebrfshin p\u00ebrdorimin e dy nodave t\u00eb pavarura (kontroller\u00eb), secila prej t\u00eb cilave ka setin e vet t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash. Nd\u00ebrmjet nodave realizohet replikimi sinxhor n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet nj\u00eb interface InfiniBand 56G n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00ebsisht transparente p\u00ebr software-in q\u00eb funksionon mbi sistemin e ruajtjes. Si rezultat, nuk k\u00ebrkohet p\u00ebrdorimi i virtualizuesve t\u00eb ruajtjes s\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, agent\u00ebve softuerik\u00eb etj.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Zgjidhja fizikisht dy-nodale nga AccelStor mund t\u00eb realizohet n\u00eb dy modele:<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/accelstor.ru\/product\/neosapphire-h510\">H510<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 mbi baz\u00ebn e server\u00ebve Twin n\u00eb kabin\u00eb 2U, n\u00ebse k\u00ebrkohet performanc\u00eb t\u00eb moderuar dhe kapacitet deri n\u00eb 22TB;<\/li>\n<li><noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/accelstor.ru\/product\/neosapphire-h710\">H710<\/a><\/noindex> \u2014 mbi baz\u00ebn e server\u00ebve t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb 2U, n\u00ebse k\u00ebrkohet performanc\u00eb e lart\u00eb dhe kapacitet i madh (deri n\u00eb 57TB).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Reduktimi i rreziqeve t\u00eb downtime fal\u00eb arkitektur\u00ebs Shared Nothing\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/58d7600872e0ffcb5c87795c80de2c32.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><i>Modeli H510 mbi baz\u00ebn e serverit Twin<\/i><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Reduktimi i rreziqeve t\u00eb downtime fal\u00eb arkitektur\u00ebs Shared Nothing\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/0c6aae3bbca60536aaeb1cd92dd86ce8.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p><i>Modeli H710 mbi baz\u00ebn e server\u00ebve t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb<\/i><\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebrdorimi i formateve t\u00eb ndryshme \u00ebsht\u00eb i nevojsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr numrin e ndrysh\u00ebm t\u00eb SSD-ve p\u00ebr t\u00eb arritur kapacitetin dhe performanc\u00ebn e caktuar. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, platforma Twin \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb e lir\u00eb dhe lejon ofrimin e zgjidhjeve m\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrballueshme, megjith\u00ebse me nj\u00eb \"mang\u00ebsi\" t\u00eb kushtuar n\u00eb form\u00ebn e nj\u00eb blloku backend t\u00eb vet\u00ebm. T\u00eb gjitha gj\u00ebra t\u00eb tjera, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb parimet e pun\u00ebs, jan\u00eb identike p\u00ebr t\u00eb dy modelet.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Grupi i t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave n\u00eb \u00e7do nod ka dy grupe <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/accelstor.ru\/page\/flexiremap-technology\">FlexiRemap<\/a><\/noindex>, plus 2 hot spare. \u00c7do grup \u00ebsht\u00eb i aft\u00eb t\u00eb mbaj\u00eb d\u00ebshtimin e nj\u00eb SSD. T\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebrkesat e ardhshme p\u00ebr shk writing regjistrohen nga nodi n\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje me <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/accelstor.ru\/page\/flexiremap-advantages\">ideologjin\u00eb<\/a><\/noindex> FlexiRemap reorganizes data into sequential chains with 4KB blocks, which are then written to SSDs in the most optimal manner for them (sequential write). Moreover, the host receives write confirmation only after the data is physically placed on the SSD, meaning there is no caching in RAM. As a result, an impressive performance of up to 600K IOPS for writes and 1M+ IOPS for reads (model H710) is achieved.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>As previously mentioned, data set synchronization occurs in real-time over the InfiniBand 56G interface, which has high bandwidth and low latency. To maximize the efficiency of the communication channel when transmitting small packets, a dedicated 1GbE link is used for additional heartbeat verification since there is only one communication channel. Only heartbeat signals are transmitted through it, so there are no specific speed requirements.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>In the case of increasing the system's capacity (up to 400+ TB) due to <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/accelstor.ru\/page\/moduli-rasshireniya\">rafteve t\u00eb zgjerimit<\/a><\/noindex> they are also connected in pairs to adhere to the concept of 'no single point of failure.'<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>For additional data protection (besides the fact that AccelStor already has two copies), a special algorithm is used to handle the failure of any SSD. If an SSD fails, the node will start rebuilding the data onto one of the hot spare drives. The FlexiRemap group, which is in a degraded state, will switch to read-only mode. This is done to eliminate interference from write operations and rebuilding on the spare drive, which ultimately speeds up the recovery process and reduces the time during which the system is potentially vulnerable. Once the rebuilding is complete, the node returns to normal read-write operation. <\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Reduktimi i rreziqeve t\u00eb downtime fal\u00eb arkitektur\u00ebs Shared Nothing\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/8e0d67ff4d803f575e007df424b8ba14.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Of course, like other systems, overall performance decreases during rebuilding (since one of the FlexiRemap groups is not functioning for writes). However, the recovery process occurs as quickly as possible, which distinguishes AccelStor systems favorably from solutions offered by other vendors.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>Another useful feature of the Nothing Shared technology is the true active-active mode of node operation. Unlike the 'classic' architecture, where a specific volume\/pool is owned by only one controller while the second simply handles input\/output operations, in these systems <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/accelstor.ru\/\">AccelStor<\/a><\/noindex> \u00c7do nyje punon me grupin e saj t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave dhe nuk i transmeton k\u00ebrkesat \"mikut\". Si rezultat, p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsohet performanca e p\u00ebrgjithshme e sistemit p\u00ebrmes p\u00ebrpunimit paralel t\u00eb k\u00ebrkesave t\u00eb hyrjes\/daljes nga nyjet dhe aksesit n\u00eb ruajt\u00ebs. Po ashtu, koncepti i failover-it n\u00eb fakt \u00ebsht\u00eb i paekzistuesh\u00ebm, pasi nuk ka nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb kaluar kontrollin mbi volumet te nj\u00eb nyje tjet\u00ebr n\u00eb rast d\u00ebshtimi.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>N\u00ebse e krahasojm\u00eb teknologjin\u00eb Nothing Shared t\u00eb arkitektur\u00ebs me nj\u00eb kopjim t\u00eb plot\u00eb t\u00eb S\u00c7D, ajo her\u00eb pas here do t\u00eb duket se \u00ebsht\u00eb paksa m\u00eb e ul\u00ebt n\u00eb fleksibilitet n\u00eb krahasim me nj\u00eb realizim t\u00eb plot\u00eb t\u00eb rikuperimit nga fatkeq\u00ebsit\u00eb. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb p\u00ebr organizimin e linj\u00ebs s\u00eb komunikimit midis sistemeve t\u00eb ruajtjes. K\u00ebshtu, n\u00eb modelin H710 \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundur t\u00eb shp\u00ebrndahen nyjet deri n\u00eb 100 m p\u00ebrmes p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb kabllove aktive optike InfiniBand, t\u00eb cilat nuk jan\u00eb t\u00eb lira. Por edhe n\u00eb krahasim me realizimin e zakonsh\u00ebm t\u00eb replikimit sinkron nga ofrues t\u00eb tjer\u00eb p\u00ebrmes FibreChannel, edhe n\u00eb distanca m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha, zgjidhja e AccelStor do t\u00eb rezultoj\u00eb m\u00eb e lir\u00eb dhe m\u00eb e leht\u00eb p\u00ebr instalim\/p\u00ebrdorim, pasi nuk ka nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr instalimin e virtualizuesve t\u00eb S\u00c7D dhe\/ose p\u00ebr integrimin me softuerin (\u00e7ka nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb gjithmon\u00eb e mundur n\u00eb parim). Plus, mos harrojm\u00eb se zgjidhjet AccelStor jan\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha nckjimeve Flash me performanc\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb se \"S\u00c7D\" klasike me SSD vet\u00ebm.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Reduktimi i rreziqeve t\u00eb downtime fal\u00eb arkitektur\u00ebs Shared Nothing\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/46d39a96eedcd20e5ddcac2dc1301411.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Duke p\u00ebrdorur teknologjin\u00eb Nothing Shared t\u00eb arkitektur\u00ebs s\u00eb AccelStor, \u00ebsht\u00eb realisht e mundur t\u00eb arrihet nj\u00eb disponueshm\u00ebri e sistemit t\u00eb ruajtjes n\u00eb nivelin 99.9999% p\u00ebr nj\u00eb kosto t\u00eb arsyeshme. S\u00eb bashku me besueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e lart\u00eb t\u00eb zgjidhjes, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimin e dy kopjeve t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, dhe performanc\u00ebn mbres\u00ebl\u00ebn\u00ebse p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb algoritmeve t\u00eb mark\u00ebs. <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"http:\/\/accelstor.ru\/page\/flexiremap-technology\">FlexiRemap<\/a><\/noindex>, zgjidhjet nga <noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.accelstor.com\/\">AccelStor<\/a><\/noindex> jan\u00eb kandidate t\u00eb shk\u00eblqyera p\u00ebr pozita ky\u00e7e n\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimin e nj\u00eb dataqendre moderne.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Burimi: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/accelstor\/blog\/441780\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0422\u0435\u043c\u0430 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