{"id":32477,"date":"2019-10-31T21:47:17","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:47:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/rezervnoe-kopirovanie-chast-1-naznachenie-obzor-metodov-i-tehnologij\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:47:17","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:47:17","slug":"rezervnoe-kopirovanie-chast-1-naznachenie-obzor-metodov-i-tehnologij","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/rezervnoe-kopirovanie-chast-1-naznachenie-obzor-metodov-i-tehnologij","title":{"rendered":"Backup, pjesa 1: Q\u00ebllimi, p\u00ebrmbledhja e metodave dhe teknologjive","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Backup, pjesa 1: Q\u00ebllimi, p\u00ebrmbledhja e metodave dhe teknologjive\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/08d5ae9677c96628896868d3e19efd8f.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\nPse \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb b\u00ebhen kopje rezerv\u00eb? Sepse pajisjet jan\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb besueshme, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, ekzistojn\u00eb \"rehet\" q\u00eb jan\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb sigurta se server\u00ebt fizik\u00eb: me nj\u00eb konfigurim t\u00eb duhur, serveri \"n\u00eb re\" mund t\u00eb kaloj\u00eb leht\u00ebsisht nj\u00eb d\u00ebshtim t\u00eb serverit fizik, nd\u00ebrsa nga perspektiva e p\u00ebrdoruesve t\u00eb sh\u00ebrbimeve, do t\u00eb ket\u00eb nj\u00eb vones\u00eb t\u00eb vog\u00ebl, pothuajse t\u00eb padukshme n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e sh\u00ebrbimit. S\u00eb fundmi, kopjimi i informacionit shpesh k\u00ebrkon t\u00eb paguash \"koh\u00eb t\u00eb panevojshme\" p\u00ebr procesorin, ngarkes\u00eb t\u00eb diskut dhe trafik t\u00eb rrjetit.<br \/>\n<noindex><a rel=\"nofollow\" name=\"habracut\"><\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Programi ideal punon shpejt, nuk rrjedh nga memoria operative, nuk ka boshll\u00ebk dhe nuk ekziston.<\/p>\n<p>\u2014I panjohur<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p> Q\u00eb ngaq\u00eb programet ende shkruhen nga zhvillues t\u00eb paq\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm, dhe procesi i testimit shpesh mungon, plus shp\u00ebrndarja e programeve \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb rrall\u00eb me aplikimin e \"praktikave m\u00eb t\u00eb mira\" (t\u00eb cilat vet\u00eb jan\u00eb gjithashtu programe dhe, si rrjedhoj\u00eb, jo perfekte), administrator\u00ebt sistemor shpesh p\u00ebrballen me detyra q\u00eb ting\u00ebllojn\u00eb t\u00eb shkurtra, por p\u00ebrmbajn\u00eb shum\u00eb: \"kthe n\u00eb gjendjen si\u00e7 ishte\", \"rikthe baz\u00ebn n\u00eb funksionim normal\", \"punon ngadal\u00eb - rikthe\", si dhe ajo q\u00eb m\u00eb p\u00eblqen m\u00eb shum\u00eb \"nuk e di \u00e7far\u00eb, por riparo\".<\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebrve\u00e7 gabimeve logjike q\u00eb dalin si rezultat i pun\u00ebs s\u00eb pakujdesshme t\u00eb zhvilluesve, ose rasteve t\u00eb rast\u00ebsishme, si dhe njohurive ose moskuptimit t\u00eb holl\u00ebsive t\u00eb vogla n\u00eb nd\u00ebrtimin e programeve - p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb ato lidh\u00ebse dhe sistemore, duke p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb sistemet operative, drejtuesit dhe firmware-in - ka edhe gabime t\u00eb tjera. P\u00ebr shembull, shumica e zhvilluesve mb\u00ebshteten n\u00eb runtime, duke harruar t\u00ebr\u00ebsisht ligjet fizike, t\u00eb cilat akoma \u00ebsht\u00eb e pamundur t'i anashkalohet p\u00ebrmes programeve. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb besueshm\u00ebria e pafund e n\u00ebn-sistemit t\u00eb disk\u00ebve dhe \u00e7do n\u00ebn-sistemi tjet\u00ebr p\u00ebr ruajtje t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash (p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb memorien operative dhe cache-in e procesorit!), si edhe koha e p\u00ebrpunimit n\u00eb procesor q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb zero, dhe mungesa e gabimeve n\u00eb transmetim n\u00eb rrjet dhe n\u00eb p\u00ebrpunim, si dhe vonesat n\u00eb rrjet q\u00eb jan\u00eb zero. Nuk duhet t\u00eb neglizhohet dhe e ashtuquajtura afatshkurt\u00ebr, sepse n\u00ebse nuk e p\u00ebrfundon n\u00eb koh\u00eb - do t\u00eb ket\u00eb probleme duke kaluar me nuancat e funksionimit t\u00eb rrjetit dhe disku.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Backup, pjesa 1: Q\u00ebllimi, p\u00ebrmbledhja e metodave dhe teknologjive\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/fed33628de53de522bae208f52fd7811.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nSi mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrballojm\u00eb problemet q\u00eb shfaqen dhe e k\u00ebrc\u00ebnojn\u00eb informacionin e \u00e7muar? Zhvilluesit e gjall\u00eb nuk mund t\u00eb z\u00ebvend\u00ebsohen, dhe nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e sigurt q\u00eb mund t\u00eb gjejm\u00eb ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb nj\u00eb z\u00ebvend\u00ebs t\u00eb till\u00eb. Nga ana tjet\u00ebr, deri tani shum\u00eb projekte kan\u00eb arritur t\u00eb provojn\u00eb se programi do t\u00eb funksionoj\u00eb si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb menduar, dhe nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb gjithmon\u00eb e mundur t\u00eb aplikosh k\u00ebto prova p\u00ebr projekte t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb ngjashme. Gjithashtu, k\u00ebto prova k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb shum\u00eb koh\u00eb dhe aft\u00ebsi t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta dhe njohuri, e cila praktike e minimizon mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e aplikimit t\u00eb tyre duke marr\u00eb parasysh afatet e fundit. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, ne ende nuk dim\u00eb se si t\u00eb krijojm\u00eb teknologji t\u00eb shpejt\u00eb, t\u00eb lira dhe t\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonshme t\u00eb besueshm\u00ebris\u00eb p\u00ebr ruajtjen, p\u00ebrpunimin dhe transmetimin e informacionit. T\u00eb tillat teknologji, n\u00ebse ekzistojn\u00eb, jan\u00eb zakonisht si koncepte, ose - m\u00eb shpesh - vet\u00ebm n\u00eb libra dhe filma fantastiko-shkencor\u00eb.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Artit t\u00eb mir\u00eb e kopjojn\u00eb, artist\u00ebt e m\u00ebdhenj e vjedhin.<\/p>\n<p>\u2014Pablo Picasso.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p> Zgjidhjet m\u00eb t\u00eb suksesshme dhe gj\u00ebrat mjaft t\u00eb thjeshta zakonisht ndodhin atje ku takohen konceptet p\u00ebr nga natyra t\u00eb papajtueshme, teknologjit\u00eb, njohurit\u00eb dhe fushat e shkenc\u00ebs.<\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebr shembull, zogjt\u00eb dhe avion\u00ebt kan\u00eb krah\u00eb, megjithat\u00eb, pavar\u00ebsisht ngjashm\u00ebris\u00eb funksionale - n\u00eb disa m\u00ebnyra operimi, principi i veprimit p\u00ebrputhet dhe problemet teknike zgjidhen n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb ngjashme: kockat e hapura, p\u00ebrdorimi i materiale t\u00eb forta dhe t\u00eb lehta, etj. - rezultatet jan\u00eb krejt\u00ebsisht t\u00eb ndryshme, edhe pse shum\u00eb t\u00eb ngjashme. Mostrat m\u00eb t\u00eb mira q\u00eb shohim n\u00eb teknologjin\u00eb ton\u00eb gjithashtu jan\u00eb kryesisht t\u00eb marra nga natyra: hap\u00ebsirat hermetike n\u00eb anijet dhe n\u00ebndet\u00ebset - nj\u00eb analogji e drejtp\u00ebrdrejt\u00eb me verme t\u00eb gisht\u00ebrinjve; nd\u00ebrtimi i RAID-\u00ebve dhe verifikimi i integritetit t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave - kopjimi i zinxhirit t\u00eb ADN-s\u00eb; si dhe organet e \u00e7ift\u00ebzuara, pavar\u00ebsia e funksionit t\u00eb organeve t\u00eb ndryshme nga CNS (automatikisht e pun\u00ebs s\u00eb zemr\u00ebs) dhe reflekset - sistemet autonome n\u00eb Internet. Sigurisht, marrja dhe aplikimi i zgjidhjeve t\u00eb gatshme \"drejt\" sjell probleme, por kush e di, ndoshta nuk ka zgjidhje t\u00eb tjera.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>T\u00eb dija se ku do t\u00eb bien - do t\u00eb isha t\u00eb shtrija pak kasht\u00eb!<\/p>\n<p>\u2014Fjal\u00eb t\u00eb urta popullore belaruse<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p> Pra, kopjet rezerv\u00eb jan\u00eb thelb\u00ebsore p\u00ebr ata q\u00eb d\u00ebshirojn\u00eb:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>T\u00eb ken\u00eb mund\u00ebsin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb rikthyer funksionimin e sistemeve t\u00eb tyre me pak a aspak ndalesa<\/li>\n<li>T\u00eb veprojn\u00eb me guxim, sepse n\u00eb rast t\u00eb nj\u00eb gabimi gjithmon\u00eb ka mund\u00ebsi rikthimi<\/li>\n<li>T\u00eb minimizojn\u00eb pasojat e q\u00ebllimshme t\u00eb d\u00ebmtimit t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<b class=\"spoiler_title\">K\u00ebtu - pak teori<\/b><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u00c7do klasifikim \u00ebsht\u00eb arbitrar. Natyra nuk e klasifikon. Ne klasifikojm\u00eb sepse \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb e leht\u00eb p\u00ebr ne. Dhe klasifikojm\u00eb sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, t\u00eb cilat gjithashtu i marim arbitrarisht.<\/p>\n<p>\u2014Jean Bruy\u00e8re<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p> Pavar\u00ebsisht nga m\u00ebnyra fizike e ruajtjes, ruajtja logjike e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave mund t\u00eb ndahet n\u00eb dy m\u00ebnyra t\u00eb qasjes n\u00eb k\u00ebto t\u00eb dh\u00ebna: bllok dhe skedar. Kjo ndarje, koh\u00ebt e fundit \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb e pacart\u00eb, sepse nuk ekzistojn\u00eb ruajtje logjike krejt\u00ebsisht bllok, ashtu si edhe krejt\u00ebsisht skedar. Megjithat\u00eb, p\u00ebr thjesht\u00ebsi do t\u00eb konsiderojm\u00eb se ato ekzistojn\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p>Ruajtja bllok t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash n\u00ebnkupton q\u00eb ka nj\u00eb pajisje fizike, n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat shkruhen n\u00eb disa porcione fikse, blloqe. Qasja n\u00eb blloqe b\u00ebhet n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet nj\u00eb adrese, \u00e7do bllok ka adres\u00ebn e tij brenda pajisjes.<\/p>\n<p>Kopja rezerv\u00eb zakonisht b\u00ebhet duke kopjuar blloqet e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave. P\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar integritetin e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave n\u00eb momentin e kopjimit, ndalohet regjistrimi i blloqeve t\u00eb rinj, si dhe ndryshimi i atyre ekzistuese. N\u00ebse marrim nj\u00eb analogji nga bota e zakonshme \u2014 m\u00eb af\u00ebr \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb dollap me ndarje t\u00eb num\u00ebruara.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Backup, pjesa 1: Q\u00ebllimi, p\u00ebrmbledhja e metodave dhe teknologjive\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/32408012dbd29ec2e227602351d4bba6.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nRuajtja e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave me skedar \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb parim logjik si ruajtja bllok dhe shpesh organizohet sip\u00ebr saj. Dallimet e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme jan\u00eb pranimi i hierarkis\u00eb s\u00eb ruajtjes dhe emrat e kuptuesh\u00ebm p\u00ebr njeriun. Krijohet nj\u00eb abstraksion n\u00eb form\u00ebn e skedarit \u2014 nj\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash me em\u00ebr, si dhe nj\u00eb katalog \u2014 nj\u00eb skedar i ve\u00e7ant\u00eb, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin ruhen p\u00ebrshkrimet dhe qasjet n\u00eb skedar\u00ebt e tjer\u00eb. Skedar\u00ebt mund t\u00eb pajisen me metadatat shtes\u00eb: koha e krijimit, flamujt e aksesit etj. Zakonisht ruajtja b\u00ebhet k\u00ebshtu: k\u00ebrkohen skedar\u00ebt e ndryshuar, pastaj ata kopjohen n\u00eb nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr ruajtje skedar\u00ebsh me struktur\u00eb identike. Integriteti i t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave zakonisht realizohet p\u00ebrmes munges\u00ebs s\u00eb skedar\u00ebve, n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebt \u00ebsht\u00eb duke u shkruar. Metadatat e skedar\u00ebve rezervohen n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb ngjashme. Analogjia m\u00eb e af\u00ebrt \u00ebsht\u00eb biblioteka, n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn ka seksione me libra t\u00eb ndrysh\u00ebm, si dhe nj\u00eb katalog me emra kuptueshm\u00ebrisht p\u00ebr librat.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Backup, pjesa 1: Q\u00ebllimi, p\u00ebrmbledhja e metodave dhe teknologjive\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/796162e24eb255a27c51c6077bcb1f07.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nKoh\u00ebt e fundit, ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruhet nj\u00eb variant tjet\u00ebr, nga i cili, n\u00eb parim, filloi ruajtja e skedar\u00ebve t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave dhe q\u00eb ka ato t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtat karakteristika arkaike: ruajtja objektive e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave.<\/p>\n<p>Dallimi nga ruajtja me skedar \u00ebsht\u00eb se ajo nuk ka nivele t\u00eb brendshme m\u00eb shum\u00eb se nj\u00eb (skem\u00eb e shesht\u00eb), dhe emrat e skedar\u00ebve, megjith\u00ebse jan\u00eb kuptueshm\u00ebrisht, jan\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatur p\u00ebr p\u00ebrpunimin nga makinat. Gjat\u00eb kopjimit rezerv\u00eb, ruajtjet objektive zakonisht p\u00ebrpunohen si ruajtjet me skedar\u00eb, por ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb ka edhe variante t\u00eb tjera.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p> \u2014 Ka dy lloje administrator\u00ebsh sistemesh, ata q\u00eb nuk b\u00ebjn\u00eb kopje rezerv\u00eb, dhe ata q\u00eb JANE duke b\u00ebr\u00eb.<br \/>\n\u2014 N\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb ka tre lloje: ka edhe ata q\u00eb kontrollojn\u00eb n\u00ebse kopjet rezerv\u00eb mund t\u00eb rikthehen.<\/p>\n<p>\u2014I panjohur<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p> Gjithashtu \u00ebsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb kuptohet se vet\u00eb procesi i kopjimit rezerv\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave realizohet me programe, prandaj ai ka t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtat disavantazhe si \u00e7do program tjet\u00ebr. P\u00ebr t\u00eb eliminuar (jo p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrjashtuar!) var\u00ebsin\u00eb nga faktori njer\u00ebzor, si dhe nga ve\u00e7orit\u00eb q\u00eb p\u00ebrve\u00e7 se ndahen nuk ndikojn\u00eb shum\u00eb, por s\u00eb bashku mund t\u00eb japin nj\u00eb efekt t\u00eb duksh\u00ebm, aplikohet rregulli 3-2-1. Ka shum\u00eb m\u00ebnyra p\u00ebr ta interpretuar at\u00eb, por m\u00eb p\u00eblqen m\u00eb shum\u00eb kjo interpretim: duhet t\u00eb ruhen 3 grupe t\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtave t\u00eb dh\u00ebna, 2 grupe duhet t\u00eb ruhen n\u00eb formate t\u00eb ndryshme, dhe gjithashtu 1 grup duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb ruajtje gjeografikisht t\u00eb larg\u00ebt.<\/p>\n<p>Me formatin e ruajtjes n\u00ebnkuptohet si vijon:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>N\u00ebse ka nj\u00eb var\u00ebsi nga m\u00ebnyra fizike e ruajtjes \u2014 ndryshohemi m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn fizike.<\/li>\n<li>N\u00ebse ka nj\u00eb var\u00ebsi nga m\u00ebnyra logjike e ruajtjes \u2014 ndryshohemi m\u00ebnyr\u00ebn logjike.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nP\u00ebr t\u00eb arritur efektin maksimal t\u00eb rregullit 3-2-1, rekomandohet t\u00eb ndryshohet formati i ruajtjes n\u00eb t\u00eb dyja m\u00ebnyrat.<\/p>\n<p>Nga pik\u00ebpamja e gatishm\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb kopjes rezerv\u00eb p\u00ebr q\u00ebllimin e saj t\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrdrejt \u2014 rikthimin n\u00eb funksionalitet, dallohen kopjet rezerv\u00eb \"t\u00eb nxehta\" dhe \"t\u00eb ftohta\". Kopjet e nxehta nga ato t\u00eb ftohta dallohet vet\u00ebm nga nj\u00eb gj\u00eb: ato jan\u00eb menj\u00ebher\u00eb t\u00eb gatshme p\u00ebr pun\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa ato t\u00eb ftohta k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb disa veprime shtes\u00eb p\u00ebr rikuperim: dekriptim, nxjerrje nga arkivi etj.<\/p>\n<p>Nuk duhet ngat\u00ebrruar kopjet e nxehta dhe t\u00eb ftohta me kopjet online dhe offline, t\u00eb cilat n\u00ebnkuptojn\u00eb izolimin fizik t\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave, dhe n\u00eb thelb jan\u00eb nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr shenj\u00eb e klasifikimit t\u00eb m\u00ebnyrave t\u00eb rezervimit. Pra, nj\u00eb kopje offline \u2014 e cila nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e lidhur drejtp\u00ebrdrejt me sistemin ku duhet t\u00eb rikuperohet \u2014 mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb si e nxeht\u00eb ashtu edhe e ftoht\u00eb (nga pik\u00ebpamja e gatishm\u00ebris\u00eb p\u00ebr rikuperim). Nj\u00eb kopje online mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb e disponueshme drejtp\u00ebrdrejt atje ku duhet t\u00eb rikuperohet, dhe n\u00eb shumic\u00ebn e rasteve \u00ebsht\u00eb e nxeht\u00eb, por ndodhin edhe ftohta.<\/p>\n<p>Gjithashtu, nuk duhet harruar se procesi i krijimit t\u00eb kopjeve rezerv\u00eb zakonisht nuk p\u00ebrfundon me krijimin e nj\u00eb kopje t\u00eb vetme, dhe numri i kopjeve mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb mjaft i madh. Prandaj, \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb dallojm\u00eb midis kopjeve rezerv\u00eb t\u00eb plota, dometh\u00ebn\u00eb ato q\u00eb mund t\u00eb rikthehen n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb pavarur nga kopjet e tjera, si dhe kopjeve dalluese (inkrementale, diferenciale, dekrementale, etj.) \u2014 ato q\u00eb nuk mund t\u00eb rikthehen vet\u00eb dhe k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb rikthimin paraprak t\u00eb nj\u00eb ose disa kopjeve t\u00eb tjera.<\/p>\n<p>Kopjet dalluese inkrementale jan\u00eb nj\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekje p\u00ebr t\u00eb kursyer hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn p\u00ebr ruajtjen e kopjeve rezerv\u00eb. K\u00ebshtu, n\u00eb kopjen rezerv\u00eb shkruhen vet\u00ebm t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat q\u00eb jan\u00eb ndryshuar nga kopja e m\u00ebparshme.<\/p>\n<p>Kopjet dalluese dekrementale krijohen me t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin q\u00ebllim, por n\u00eb nj\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb paksa tjet\u00ebr: b\u00ebhet nj\u00eb kopje e plot\u00eb rezerv\u00eb, por n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb ruhet vet\u00ebm diferenca midis kopjes s\u00eb re dhe asaj t\u00eb m\u00ebparshme.<\/p>\n<p>Ve\u00e7 e ve\u00e7, \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb shqyrtohet procesi i krijimit t\u00eb kopjeve rezerv\u00eb mbi nj\u00eb depozit\u00eb q\u00eb mb\u00ebshtet munges\u00ebn e ruajtjes s\u00eb kopjeve t\u00eb dyfishta. K\u00ebshtu, n\u00ebse shkruhen kopje rezerv\u00eb t\u00eb plota mbi t\u00eb, n\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb do t\u00eb regjistrohet vet\u00ebm diferenca midis kopjeve rezerv\u00eb, megjithat\u00eb procesi i rikthimit t\u00eb kopjeve rezerv\u00eb do t\u00eb ndodhi n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb ngjashme me rikthimin nga nj\u00eb kopje t\u00eb plot\u00eb dhe plot\u00ebsisht transparenc\u00eb.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Quis custodiet ipsos custodes?<\/p>\n<p>(Kush do t\u00eb ruaj\u00eb rojet vete? \u2014 lat.)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>\u00cbsht\u00eb mjaft e pak\u00ebndshme kur nuk ka kopjeve rezerv\u00eb, megjithat\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb m\u00eb keq n\u00ebse duket se \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb nj\u00eb kopje rezerv\u00eb, por gjat\u00eb rikthimit zbulohet se nuk mund t\u00eb rikthehet, sepse:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Integriteti i t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave origjinale \u00ebsht\u00eb ndikuar.<\/li>\n<li>Depozita me kopjet rezerv\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb d\u00ebmtuar.<\/li>\n<li>Rikthimi funksionon shum\u00eb ngadal\u00eb, nuk mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoren t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat q\u00eb jan\u00eb rikthyer pjes\u00ebrisht.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Nj\u00eb proces i nd\u00ebrtuar si\u00e7 duhet p\u00ebr krijimin e kopjeve rezerv\u00eb duhet t\u00eb ket\u00eb parasysh k\u00ebto v\u00ebrejtje, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht dy t\u00eb parat.<\/p>\n<p>Integriteti i t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave origjinale mund t\u00eb garantohen n\u00eb disa m\u00ebnyra. M\u00eb s\u00eb shpeshti p\u00ebrdoren k\u00ebto: a) krijimi i kopjeve t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve n\u00eb nivelin e bllokut, b) \"ngrirja\" e gjendjes s\u00eb skedar\u00ebve, c) nj\u00eb pajisje t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb blloku me ruajtje versionesh, d) regjistrimi n\u00eb rend t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve ose blloqeve. Po ashtu p\u00ebrdoren kontrollet e shumave, p\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar verifikimin e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave gjat\u00eb rikthimit.<\/p>\n<p>D\u00ebmshm\u00ebria e depozit\u00ebs gjithashtu mund t\u00eb zbulohet p\u00ebrmes kontrolleve t\u00eb shumave. Nj\u00eb metod\u00eb shtes\u00eb \u2014 p\u00ebrdorimi i pajisjeve t\u00eb specializuara, ose sistemeve t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat nuk mund t\u00eb ndryshohen t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e regjistruara, por mund t\u00eb shtohen t\u00eb reja.<\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrshpejtuar rikthimin, p\u00ebrdoret rikthimi i t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave me disa procese p\u00ebr rikthim \u2014 me kusht q\u00eb t\u00eb mos ket\u00eb \"ngjeshje\" si rrjeti i ngadalsh\u00ebm ose sistemi i disqeve t\u00eb ngadalt\u00eb. P\u00ebr t\u00eb shmangur situat\u00ebn me t\u00eb dh\u00ebna t\u00eb rikthyera pjes\u00ebrisht, mund t\u00eb ndahet procesi i krijimit t\u00eb kopjeve rezerv\u00eb n\u00eb n\u00ebn detyra relativisht t\u00eb vogla, secila e cila p\u00ebrfundon ve\u00e7mas. K\u00ebshtu, krijohet mund\u00ebsia p\u00ebr t\u00eb rikthyer funksionalitetin me parashikimin e koh\u00ebs s\u00eb rikthimit. Kjo \u00e7\u00ebshtje shpesh ndodhet n\u00eb planin organizativ (SLA), prandaj nuk do t\u00eb ndalemi n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb detajisht.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Ai q\u00eb di p\u00ebr er\u00ebzat nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb ai q\u00eb i shton ato n\u00eb \u00e7do pjat\u00eb, por ai q\u00eb kurr\u00eb nuk do t\u00eb shtoj\u00eb asgj\u00eb t\u00eb panevojshme n\u00eb t\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p>\u2014V. Sinjavskij<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Praktika n\u00eb lidhje me programin e aplikuar nga administrator\u00ebt e sistemeve mund t\u00eb ndryshoj\u00eb, por parimet e p\u00ebrgjithshme jan\u00eb gjithmon\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjta, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Rekomandohet ngusht\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimi i zgjidhjeve t\u00eb gatshme.<\/li>\n<li>Programet duhet t\u00eb funksionojn\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb parashikueshme, dmth nuk duhet t\u00eb ket\u00eb ve\u00e7ori t\u00eb pa dokumentuara ose pika t\u00eb ngushta.<\/li>\n<li>Konfigurimi i \u00e7do programi duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb mjaft i thjesht\u00eb, sa q\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb lexoni \u00e7do her\u00eb udh\u00ebzimin ose sh\u00ebnimet.<\/li>\n<li>Zgjidhja duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb universale, p\u00ebr sa koh\u00eb q\u00eb server\u00ebt mund t\u00eb ndryshojn\u00eb shum\u00eb n\u00eb karakteristikat e tyre harduerike.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>P\u00ebr t\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb kopje rezerv\u00eb nga pajisjet bllok, k\u00ebtu jan\u00eb disa programe t\u00eb zakonshme:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>dd, e njohur p\u00ebr veteran\u00ebt e administrat\u00ebs s\u00eb sistemeve, k\u00ebtu p\u00ebrfshihen programe t\u00eb ngjashme (si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb dd_rescue, p\u00ebr shembull).<\/li>\n<li>Programet e krijuara n\u00eb disa sisteme skedar\u00ebsh q\u00eb krijojn\u00eb nj\u00eb kopje (dump) t\u00eb sistemit t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve.<\/li>\n<li>Utilitar\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm; p\u00ebr shembull, partclone.<\/li>\n<li>Zgjidhje private, shpesh propriatike; p\u00ebr shembull, NortonGhost dhe t\u00eb tjera m\u00eb t\u00eb vonshme.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>P\u00ebr sistemet e skedar\u00ebve, detyra e krijimit t\u00eb kopjeve rezerv\u00eb zgjidhet pjes\u00ebrisht p\u00ebrmes metodave q\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb aplikueshme p\u00ebr pajisjet bllok, megjithat\u00eb, kjo detyr\u00eb mund t\u00eb zgjidhet m\u00eb efikasht duke p\u00ebrdorur, p\u00ebr shembull:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Rsync, nj\u00eb program dhe protokoll universal p\u00ebr sinkronizimin e gjendjes s\u00eb sistemeve t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve.<\/li>\n<li>Mjetet e nd\u00ebrtuara p\u00ebr arkivimin (ZFS).<\/li>\n<li>Mjetet e jashtme p\u00ebr arkivimin; p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesi m\u00eb i njohur \u00ebsht\u00eb tar. Ka edhe t\u00eb tjera, p\u00ebr shembull, dar \u2014 nj\u00eb z\u00ebvend\u00ebsim i tar me orientim n\u00eb sistemet moderne.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nVe\u00e7mas do t\u00eb p\u00ebrmendim mjetet software p\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar konsistenc\u00ebn e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave gjat\u00eb krijimit t\u00eb kopjeve rezerv\u00eb. M\u00eb shpesh aplikohen variantet e m\u00ebposhtme:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Marrja e sistemit t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve n\u00eb gjendje vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr lexim (ReadOnly), ose ngrirja e sistemit t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve (freeze) \u2014 metoda \u00ebsht\u00eb e aplikueshme n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb kufizuar.<\/li>\n<li>Krijimi i kopjeve t\u00eb gjendjes s\u00eb sistemeve t\u00eb skedar\u00ebve ose pajisjeve bllok (LVM, ZFS).<\/li>\n<li>P\u00ebrdorimi i mjeteve t\u00eb jashtme p\u00ebr organizimin e kopjeve, madje edhe n\u00eb rastet kur pikat e m\u00ebparshme nuk mund t\u00eb sigurohen p\u00ebr arsye t\u00eb ndryshme (programe si hotcopy).<\/li>\n<li>Teknika e kopjimit gjat\u00eb ndryshimit (CopyOnWrite), megjithat\u00eb ajo zakonisht \u00ebsht\u00eb e lidhur me fs-n\u00eb e p\u00ebrdorur (BTRFS, ZFS).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Pra, p\u00ebr nj\u00eb server t\u00eb vog\u00ebl duhet t\u00eb sigurohet nj\u00eb skem\u00eb kopjimi q\u00eb i p\u00ebrmbahet k\u00ebrkesave t\u00eb m\u00ebposhtme:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>E thjesht\u00eb n\u00eb funksionim \u2014 nuk k\u00ebrkon veprime t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta shtes\u00eb gjat\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimit, veprime minimale p\u00ebr krijimin dhe rikthimin e kopjeve.<\/li>\n<li>Universale \u2014 punon si n\u00eb serverat e m\u00ebdhenj ashtu edhe n\u00eb ata t\u00eb vegj\u00ebl; kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme kur rritet numri <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/server\/\"   title=\"servera\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"1319\">servera<\/a> apo gjat\u00eb zgjerimit.<\/li>\n<li>Instalohet nga menaxheri i paketave, ose me nj\u00eb ose dy komanda t\u00eb tipit \"shkarkoni dhe nxirrni\".<\/li>\n<li>Stabile \u2014 p\u00ebrdor formatin standard ose tashm\u00eb t\u00eb vendosur p\u00ebr ruajtjen.<\/li>\n<li>E shpejt\u00eb n\u00eb funksionim.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nKandidat\u00eb nga ata q\u00eb p\u00ebr q\u00ebndrueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e k\u00ebrkesave jan\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb-m\u00eb pak t\u00eb p\u00ebrshtatsh\u00ebm:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>rdiff-backup<\/li>\n<li>rsnapshot<\/li>\n<li>burp<\/li>\n<li>duplicati<\/li>\n<li>duplicity<\/li>\n<li>deja dup<\/li>\n<li>dar<\/li>\n<li>zbackup<\/li>\n<li>restic<\/li>\n<li>borgbackup<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Backup, pjesa 1: Q\u00ebllimi, p\u00ebrmbledhja e metodave dhe teknologjive\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/bc9e31c37656c1b6998f08939763a563.jpeg\" style=\"display:block;margin: 0 auto;\" \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\nSi nj\u00eb platform\u00eb testuese do t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret nj\u00eb makin\u00eb virtuale (n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb XenServer) me k\u00ebto karakteristika:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>4 b\u00ebrthama 2.5 GHz,<\/li>\n<li>16 GB memorie RAM,<\/li>\n<li>50 GB hap\u00ebsir\u00eb hibrid (SKE me nevoj\u00eb n\u00eb SSD p\u00ebr 20% t\u00eb madh\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb diskut virtual) si nj\u00eb disk virtual t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb pa ndarjen,<\/li>\n<li>kanal 200 mbit n\u00eb Internet.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nSi server pranues p\u00ebr kopjet rezerv\u00eb do t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret nj\u00eb makin\u00eb thuajse e till\u00eb, vet\u00ebm me nj\u00eb hard disk prej 500 GB.<\/p>\n<p>Sistemi operativ \u2014 Centos 7 x64: ndarja standarde, nj\u00eb ndarje shtes\u00eb do t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret si burim t\u00eb dh\u00ebnash.<\/p>\n<p>Si t\u00eb dh\u00ebna burimore do t\u00eb marrim nj\u00eb website n\u00eb wordpress, me skedar\u00eb mediatik\u00eb me madh\u00ebsi 40 GB, baz\u00ebn e t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave n\u00eb mysql. Pasi <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/vps\/\"   title=\"server\u00ebt virtual\u00eb\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"1262\">server\u00ebt virtual\u00eb<\/a> differojn\u00eb shum\u00eb n\u00eb karakteristika, si dhe p\u00ebr nj\u00eb riprodhueshm\u00ebri m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb, k\u00ebtu ka <\/p>\n<p><b class=\"spoiler_title\">rezultatet e testimit t\u00eb serverit me an\u00eb t\u00eb sysbench.<\/b>sysbench &#8212;threads=4 &#8212;time=30 &#8212;cpu-max-prime=20000 cpu run<br \/>\nsysbench 1.1.0-18a9f86 (duke p\u00ebrdorur LuaJIT 2.1.0-beta3 t\u00eb bashkangjitur)<br \/>\nDuke e ekzekutuar testin me opsionet e m\u00ebposhtme:<br \/>\nNumri i b\u00ebrthamave: 4<br \/>\nDuke inicializuar gjeneratorin e numrave t\u00eb rast\u00ebsish\u00ebm nga koha aktuale<\/p>\n<p>Kufiri i numrave fillestar: 20000<\/p>\n<p>Duke inicializuar b\u00ebrthamat punuese\u2026<\/p>\n<p>B\u00ebrthamat jan\u00eb nisur!<\/p>\n<p>Shpejt\u00ebsia e CPU:<br \/>\nngjarje p\u00ebr sekond\u00eb: 836.69<\/p>\n<p>Kapaciteti:<br \/>\nngjarje\/s (eps): 836.6908<br \/>\nkoha e kaluar: 30.0039s<br \/>\nnumri total i ngjarjeve: 25104<\/p>\n<p>Vonesa (ms):<br \/>\nmin: 2.38<br \/>\navg: 4.78<br \/>\nmax: 22.39<br \/>\npercentazhi 95: 10.46<br \/>\nshuma: 119923.64<\/p>\n<p>Drejt\u00ebsia e b\u00ebrthamave:<br \/>\nngjarje (avg\/stddev): 6276.0000\/13.91<br \/>\nkoha e ekzekutimit (avg\/stddev): 29.9809\/0.01<\/p>\n<p>sysbench &#8212;threads=4 &#8212;time=30 &#8212;memory-block-size=1K &#8212;memory-scope=global &#8212;memory-total-size=100G &#8212;memory-oper=read memory run<br \/>\nsysbench 1.1.0-18a9f86 (duke p\u00ebrdorur LuaJIT 2.1.0-beta3 t\u00eb bashkangjitur)<br \/>\nDuke e ekzekutuar testin me opsionet e m\u00ebposhtme:<br \/>\nNumri i b\u00ebrthamave: 4<br \/>\nDuke inicializuar gjeneratorin e numrave t\u00eb rast\u00ebsish\u00ebm nga koha aktuale<\/p>\n<p>Duke ekzekutuar testin e shpejt\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb memories me opsionet e m\u00ebposhtme:<br \/>\nmadh\u00ebsia e bllokut: 1KiB<br \/>\nmadh\u00ebsia totale: 102400MiB<br \/>\noperacioni: leximi<br \/>\nzakoni: global<\/p>\n<p>Duke inicializuar b\u00ebrthamat punuese\u2026<\/p>\n<p>B\u00ebrthamat jan\u00eb nisur!<\/p>\n<p>Numri total i operacioneve: 50900446 (1696677.10 p\u00ebr sekond\u00eb)<\/p>\n<p>49707.47 MiB t\u00eb transferuara (1656.91 MiB\/s)<\/p>\n<p>Kapaciteti:<br \/>\nngjarje\/s (eps): 1696677.1017<br \/>\nkoha e kaluar: 30.0001s<br \/>\nnumri total i ngjarjeve: 50900446<\/p>\n<p>Vonesa (ms):<br \/>\nmin: 0.00<br \/>\navg: 0.00<br \/>\nmax: 24.01<br \/>\npercentazhi 95: 0.00<br \/>\nshuma: 39106.74<\/p>\n<p>Drejt\u00ebsia e b\u00ebrthamave:<br \/>\nngjarje (avg\/stddev): 12725111.5000\/137775.15<br \/>\nkoha e ekzekutimit (avg\/stddev): 9.7767\/0.10<\/p>\n<p>sysbench &#8212;threads=4 &#8212;time=30 &#8212;memory-block-size=1K &#8212;memory-scope=global &#8212;memory-total-size=100G &#8212;memory-oper=write memory run<br \/>\nsysbench 1.1.0-18a9f86 (duke p\u00ebrdorur LuaJIT 2.1.0-beta3 t\u00eb bashkangjitur)<br \/>\nDuke e ekzekutuar testin me opsionet e m\u00ebposhtme:<br \/>\nNumri i b\u00ebrthamave: 4<br \/>\nDuke inicializuar gjeneratorin e numrave t\u00eb rast\u00ebsish\u00ebm nga koha aktuale<\/p>\n<p>Duke ekzekutuar testin e shpejt\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb memories me opsionet e m\u00ebposhtme:<br \/>\nmadh\u00ebsia e bllokut: 1KiB<br \/>\nmadh\u00ebsia totale: 102400MiB<br \/>\noperacioni: shkruaj<br \/>\nzakoni: global<\/p>\n<p>Duke inicializuar b\u00ebrthamat punuese\u2026<\/p>\n<p>B\u00ebrthamat jan\u00eb nisur!<\/p>\n<p>Numri total i operacioneve: 35910413 (1197008.62 p\u00ebr sekond\u00eb)<\/p>\n<p>35068.76 MiB t\u00eb transferuara (1168.95 MiB\/s)<\/p>\n<p>Kapaciteti:<br \/>\nngjarje\/s (eps): 1197008.6179<br \/>\nkoha e kaluar: 30.0001s<br \/>\nnumri total i ngjarjeve: 35910413<\/p>\n<p>Vonesa (ms):<br \/>\nmin: 0.00<br \/>\navg: 0.00<br \/>\nmax: 16.90<br \/>\npercentazhi 95: 0.00<br \/>\nshuma: 43604.83<\/p>\n<p>Drejt\u00ebsia e b\u00ebrthamave:<br \/>\nngjarje (avg\/stddev): 8977603.2500\/233905.84<br \/>\nkoha e ekzekutimit (avg\/stddev): 10.9012\/0.41<\/p>\n<p>sysbench &#8212;threads=4 &#8212;file-test-mode=rndrw &#8212;time=60 &#8212;file-block-size=4K &#8212;file-total-size=1G fileio run<br \/>\nsysbench 1.1.0-18a9f86 (duke p\u00ebrdorur LuaJIT 2.1.0-beta3 t\u00eb bashkangjitur)<br \/>\nDuke e ekzekutuar testin me opsionet e m\u00ebposhtme:<br \/>\nNumri i b\u00ebrthamave: 4<br \/>\nDuke inicializuar gjeneratorin e numrave t\u00eb rast\u00ebsish\u00ebm nga koha aktuale<\/p>\n<p>Flamuj t\u00eb shtuara p\u00ebr hapjen e skedave: (asnj\u00eb)<br \/>\n128 skedar\u00eb, 8MiB secili<br \/>\n1GiB madh\u00ebsia totale e skedarit<br \/>\nMadh\u00ebsia e bllokut 4KiB<br \/>\nNumri i k\u00ebrkesave IO: 0<br \/>\nMarr\u00ebdh\u00ebnia e leximit\/shkrimit p\u00ebr testin e IO t\u00eb rast\u00ebsish\u00ebm t\u00eb kombinuar: 1.50<br \/>\nFSYNC periodik e mund\u00ebsuar, duke thirrur fsync() \u00e7do 100 k\u00ebrkesa.<br \/>\nDuke thirrur fsync() n\u00eb fund t\u00eb testit, e aktivizuar.<br \/>\nDuke p\u00ebrdorur modin e I\/O sinkron<br \/>\nDuke kryer testin r\/r t\u00eb rast\u00ebsish\u00ebm<br \/>\nDuke inicializuar b\u00ebrthamat punuese\u2026<\/p>\n<p>B\u00ebrthamat jan\u00eb nisur!<\/p>\n<p>Kapaciteti:<br \/>\nleximi: IOPS=3868.21 15.11 MiB\/s (15.84 MB\/s)<br \/>\nshkrimi: IOPS=2578.83 10.07 MiB\/s (10.56 MB\/s)<br \/>\nfsync: IOPS=8226.98<\/p>\n<p>Vonesa (ms):<br \/>\nmin: 0.00<br \/>\navg: 0.27<br \/>\nmax: 18.01<br \/>\npercentazhi 95: 1.08<br \/>\nshuma: 238469.45<\/p>\n<p>Ky sh\u00ebnim sh\u00ebnon fillimin e nj\u00eb cikli t\u00eb gjer\u00eb <\/p>\n<p><b class=\"spoiler_title\">artikujsh mbi krijimin e kopjeve rezerv\u00eb<\/b><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li> Kopjimi, pjesa 1: Pse \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme kopjimi, nj\u00eb p\u00ebrmbledhje e metodave, teknologjive<\/li>\n<li> Kopjimi, pjesa 2: P\u00ebrmbledhje dhe testim i mjeteve p\u00ebr kopjimin q\u00eb bazohen n\u00eb rsync<\/li>\n<li> Kopjimi i rezerv\u00ebs, pjesa 3: P\u00ebrmbledhje dhe testim i duplicity, duplicaty, deja dup<\/li>\n<li> Kopjimi, pjesa 4: P\u00ebrmbledhje dhe testim i zbackup, restic, borgbackup<\/li>\n<li> Kopjimi, pjesa 5: Testimi i bacula dhe veeam backup p\u00ebr linux<\/li>\n<li> Backup, pjesa 6: Krahasimi i mjeteve t\u00eb backup-it<\/li>\n<li> Kopjimi, pjesa 7: P\u00ebrfundimet<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Burimi: <a content=\"nofollow\" rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/habr.com\/ru\/company\/southbridge\/blog\/449282\/\">habr.com<\/a><\/p>","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0417\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043c \u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0438? \u0412\u0435\u0434\u044c \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0441\u044c\u043c\u0430 \u0438 \u0432\u0435\u0441\u044c\u043c\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0435, \u043a \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0436\u0435 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u00ab\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u043a\u0430\u00bb, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435 \u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432: \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0435 \u00ab\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439\u00bb \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0437 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430, \u0430 \u0441 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0432, \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0439, \u0435\u043b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0447\u043e\u043a \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u041a \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0436\u0435 \u0434\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u044e \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"author":1,"featured_media":24281,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[688],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-32477","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-administrirovanie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.0.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0417\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043c \u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0438? \u0412\u0435\u0434\u044c \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0441\u044c\u043c\u0430 \u0438 \u0432\u0435\u0441\u044c\u043c\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0435, \u043a \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0436\u0435 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u00ab\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u043a\u0430\u00bb, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435 \u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432: \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0435 \u00ab\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439\u00bb \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0437 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430, \u0430 \u0441 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0432, \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0439, \u0435\u043b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0447\u043e\u043a \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u041a \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0436\u0435 \u0434\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u044e \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Yuri Gagarin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/rezervnoe-kopirovanie-chast-1-naznachenie-obzor-metodov-i-tehnologij\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 5.0.0.1\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sq_AL\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\ud83e\udd47\u0420\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c 1: \u041d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043e\u0431\u0437\u043e\u0440 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0439 | ProHoster\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0417\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043c \u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0438? \u0412\u0435\u0434\u044c \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0441\u044c\u043c\u0430 \u0438 \u0432\u0435\u0441\u044c\u043c\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0435, \u043a \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0436\u0435 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u00ab\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u043a\u0430\u00bb, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435 \u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432: \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0435 \u00ab\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439\u00bb \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0437 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430, \u0430 \u0441 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0432, \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0439, \u0435\u043b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0447\u043e\u043a \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u041a \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0436\u0435 \u0434\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u044e \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/rezervnoe-kopirovanie-chast-1-naznachenie-obzor-metodov-i-tehnologij\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:secure_url\" content=\"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"350\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"350\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-10-31T18:47:17+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2019-10-31T18:47:17+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster\" \/>\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO -->\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"\ud83e\udd47Kopjimi rezerv\u00eb, pjesa 1: Q\u00ebllimi, pasqyrimi i metodave dhe teknologjive | ProHoster","description":"Pse duhet t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb kopje rezerv\u00eb? Sipas logjik\u00ebs, pajisjet jan\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb besueshme, dhe gjithashtu ekzistojn\u00eb \u2018re\u2019 q\u00eb jan\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb sigurta se server\u00ebt fizik\u00eb: me nj\u00eb konfigurim t\u00eb duhur, serveri \u2018n\u00eb re\u2019 mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrballoj\u00eb leht\u00ebsisht nj\u00eb d\u00ebshtim t\u00eb serverit fizik t\u00eb infrastruktur\u00ebs, dhe p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdoruesit e sh\u00ebrbimeve, do t\u00eb ket\u00eb nj\u00eb vones\u00eb t\u00eb vog\u00ebl, pothuajse t\u00eb padukshme n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e sh\u00ebrbimit. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, dyfishimi i informacionit shpesh k\u00ebrkon pages\u00eb.","canonical_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/rezervnoe-kopirovanie-chast-1-naznachenie-obzor-metodov-i-tehnologij","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":null,"og:locale":"sq_AL","og:site_name":"ProHoster | \u041a\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0442 DDoS, VPS VDS \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044b","og:type":"article","og:title":"\ud83e\udd47\u0420\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c 1: \u041d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043e\u0431\u0437\u043e\u0440 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0439 | ProHoster","og:description":"\u0417\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043c \u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0438? \u0412\u0435\u0434\u044c \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0441\u044c\u043c\u0430 \u0438 \u0432\u0435\u0441\u044c\u043c\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0435, \u043a \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0436\u0435 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u00ab\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u043a\u0430\u00bb, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435 \u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432: \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0435 \u00ab\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439\u00bb \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430\u0437 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430, \u0430 \u0441 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0432, \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0439, \u0435\u043b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0447\u043e\u043a \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u041a \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0436\u0435 \u0434\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0443\u044e \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c","og:url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/administrirovanie\/rezervnoe-kopirovanie-chast-1-naznachenie-obzor-metodov-i-tehnologij","og:image":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:secure_url":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/logo-350.jpg","og:image:width":350,"og:image:height":350,"article:published_time":"2019-10-31T18:47:17+00:00","article:modified_time":"2019-10-31T18:47:17+00:00","article:publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster","article:author":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/prohoster"},"aioseo_meta_data":{"post_id":"32477","title":null,"description":null,"keywords":null,"keyphrases":null,"primary_term":null,"canonical_url":null,"og_title":null,"og_description":null,"og_object_type":"default","og_image_type":"default","og_image_url":null,"og_image_width":null,"og_image_height":null,"og_image_custom_url":null,"og_image_custom_fields":null,"og_video":null,"og_custom_url":null,"og_article_section":null,"og_article_tags":null,"twitter_use_og":false,"twitter_card":"default","twitter_image_type":"default","twitter_image_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_fields":null,"twitter_title":null,"twitter_description":null,"schema":{"blockGraphs":[],"customGraphs":[],"default":{"data":{"Article":[],"Course":[],"Dataset":[],"FAQPage":[],"Movie":[],"Person":[],"Product":[],"ProductReview":[],"Car":[],"Recipe":[],"Service":[],"SoftwareApplication":[],"WebPage":[]},"graphName":"","isEnabled":true},"graphs":[]},"schema_type":null,"schema_type_options":null,"pillar_content":false,"robots_default":true,"robots_noindex":false,"robots_noarchive":false,"robots_nosnippet":false,"robots_nofollow":false,"robots_noimageindex":false,"robots_noodp":false,"robots_notranslate":false,"robots_max_snippet":null,"robots_max_videopreview":null,"robots_max_imagepreview":"large","priority":null,"frequency":null,"local_seo":null,"seo_analyzer_scan_date":"2026-02-09 17:02:19","breadcrumb_settings":null,"limit_modified_date":false,"reviewed_by":null,"ai":null,"created":"2021-02-28 15:35:23","updated":"2026-02-09 17:02:19","focus_keyword":null,"additional_keywords":null,"truseo_locale":null},"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"link","format":"url"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32477","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=32477"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32477\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":158563,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32477\/revisions\/158563"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24281"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=32477"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=32477"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=32477"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}