{"id":32900,"date":"2019-10-31T21:49:36","date_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:49:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/blog\/samye-nestrashnye-yady\/"},"modified":"2019-10-31T21:49:36","modified_gmt":"2019-10-31T18:49:36","slug":"samye-nestrashnye-yady","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/prohoster.info\/sq\/blog\/novosti-interneta\/samye-nestrashnye-yady","title":{"rendered":"Helmimi m\u00eb pak i friksh\u00ebm","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Helmimi
\nP\u00ebrsh\u00ebndetje p\u00ebrs\u00ebri, %username%!<\/p>\n

Faleminderit t\u00eb gjith\u00ebve q\u00eb vler\u00ebsuan opusin tim \"Helm\u00ebt m\u00eb t\u00eb frikshme\".<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Isha shum\u00eb i interesuar t\u00eb lexoja komentet, pavar\u00ebsisht se \u00e7far\u00eb ishin, ishte shum\u00eb interesante t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigjesha.<\/p>\n

Jam i lumtur q\u00eb \"top lista\" i p\u00eblqeu. N\u00ebse nuk i p\u00eblqeu \u2014 mir\u00eb, b\u00ebra \u00e7'mundja.<\/p>\n

Komentet dhe aktivitete m\u00eb frym\u00ebzuan t\u00eb shkruaj pjes\u00ebn e dyt\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Tani, ju paraqes nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr dhjet\u00ebshe vdekjeprur\u00ebse!
\n<\/a><\/noindex><\/p>\n

Vendi i dhjet\u00eb<\/h3>\n

\nHipokloriti<\/b>\"Helmimi
\n
\nPo, e di, %username%, q\u00eb tani do t\u00eb thua: \"Hip, m\u00eb n\u00eb fund klori, m\u00eb i madhi dhe m\u00eb i tmerrsh\u00ebm!\" Por nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb ashtu. <\/p>\n

S\u00eb pari, n\u00eb hipoklorit nuk ka klor, por natrium hipoklorit. Po, n\u00eb fund e ndan n\u00eb klor, por ende nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb klor. <\/p>\n

S\u00eb dyti \u2014 p\u00ebrkund\u00ebr faktit q\u00eb klori ishte substanca e par\u00eb toksike p\u00ebrdorur n\u00eb histori (p\u00ebrdorur p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 1915 gjat\u00eb betej\u00ebs n\u00eb Ypres \u2014 po, ai, e jo iprit, pavar\u00ebsisht nga emri), ai nuk kishte sukses menj\u00ebher\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Problemi \u00ebsht\u00eb se njeriu ndjen klorin shum\u00eb p\u00ebrpara se t\u00eb toksikohet. Dhe ik\u00ebn pak m\u00eb von\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Mendoni vet\u00eb: era e klorit do ta ndiej\u00eb \u00e7do person pa sinusit n\u00eb 0,1-0,3 ppm (ndon\u00ebse thon\u00eb se sinusiti e ndjen gjithashtu). Koncentrimin 1-3 ppm zakonisht e p\u00ebrballojn\u00eb jo m\u00eb shum\u00eb se nj\u00eb or\u00eb\u2014 djegia e padurueshme n\u00eb syt\u00eb b\u00ebn q\u00eb t\u00eb mendosh se ke shum\u00eb pun\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme, por ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb d\u00ebshiron t\u00eb largohesh. N\u00eb 30 ppm do t\u00eb fillojn\u00eb menj\u00ebher\u00eb (jo pas nj\u00eb ore) lot\u00ebt dhe nj\u00eb koll\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00eb. N\u00eb 40-60 ppm do t\u00eb fillojn\u00eb problemet me mushk\u00ebrit\u00eb.<\/p>\n

\u00cbsht\u00eb fatal q\u00eb t\u00eb q\u00ebndrosh n\u00eb nj\u00eb atmosfer\u00eb me koncentrim klori 400 ppm p\u00ebr gjysm\u00eb ore. Apo disa minuta\u2014 n\u00eb nj\u00eb koncentrim 1000 ppm.<\/p>\n

Gjat\u00eb Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Par\u00eb Bot\u00ebrore p\u00ebrdor\u00ebn at\u00eb q\u00eb klori ishte pak m\u00eb shum\u00eb se dy her\u00eb m\u00eb i r\u00ebnd\u00eb se ajri\u2014 dhe k\u00ebshtu e l\u00ebshonin at\u00eb n\u00ebp\u00ebr fush\u00eb, duke i larguar kund\u00ebrshtar\u00ebt nga bunker\u00ebt. Atje\u2014 tashm\u00eb e kishin at\u00eb me metodat e vjetra dhe t\u00eb provuara.<\/p>\n

Sigurisht, n\u00ebse punon n\u00eb nj\u00eb fabrik\u00eb klori dhe t\u00eb lidhin atje af\u00ebr nj\u00eb cistern\u00eb me klor\u2014 ka arsye p\u00ebr tu shqet\u00ebsuar. Por t\u00eb pres\u00ebsh q\u00eb t\u00eb helmosh nga klori kur pastron tualetin apo p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb elektroliz\u00ebs s\u00eb ujit t\u00eb kripur\u2014 me t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb nuk ka kuptim.<\/p>\n

Po, n\u00ebse nuk ke qen\u00eb me fat \u2014 p\u00ebr informacion: nuk ka antidot p\u00ebr klorin, traktimet b\u00ebhen me aj\u00ebr t\u00eb fresk\u00ebt. Po ashtu, me rikuperimin e indeve t\u00eb djegura, sigurisht.<\/p>\n

Vendi i n\u00ebnt\u00eb<\/h3>\n

\n\u0412\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438\u043d \u0410 — \u043d\u0443 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u044c\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043b<\/b>\"Helmimi
\n
\nT\u00eb gjith\u00eb e din\u00eb p\u00ebr vitaminat. Dhe dobin\u00eb e tyre. Disa e ngat\u00ebrrojn\u00eb me alkoolin dhe duhanin \u2014 por kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr \u00e7\u00ebshtje.<\/p>\n

T\u00eb gjith\u00eb gjyshet na thoshin t\u00eb hanim moll\u00eb dhe karotka. Mua \u2014 m\u00eb thoshte. Un\u00eb thjesht e adhuronja pure-n\u00eb e vjet\u00ebr sovjetike t\u00eb karot\u00ebs n\u00eb ato bankat e vogla!<\/p>\n

Por mos e ngat\u00ebrro retinolin e fuqish\u00ebm me karotinin natyror (ai q\u00eb gjendet n\u00eb shalqi dhe karota): n\u00ebse konsumon shum\u00eb karotina, mund t\u00eb kesh ngjyrosje t\u00eb p\u00ebll\u00ebmb\u00ebve, shputave dhe mukozave (nd\u00ebrsa un\u00eb, p\u00ebr fat, e kam pasur k\u00ebt\u00eb kur isha f\u00ebmij\u00eb!), megjithat\u00eb, edhe n\u00eb rastet m\u00eb ekstreme, simptomat e helmingut nuk v\u00ebrehen.<\/p>\n

Pra, LD50 i retinolit \u00ebsht\u00eb 2 g\/kg tek minjt\u00eb q\u00eb e konsumonin. Duke marr\u00eb parasysh se vitamina \u00ebsht\u00eb e tretshme n\u00eb yndyr\u00eb, n\u00ebse e kombinon me yndyr\u00eb \u2014 do t\u00eb jet\u00eb m\u00eb pak. Tek minjt\u00eb v\u00ebrehej humbja e vet\u00ebdijes, krizat, vdekja.<\/p>\n

Me rast\u00ebsishte ishin m\u00eb interesante: doza e vitamin\u00ebs A prej 25,000 ME\/kg shkakton helmim akut, nd\u00ebrsa konsumi i p\u00ebrditsh\u00ebm i doz\u00ebs prej 4,000 ME\/kg p\u00ebr 6\u201315 muaj shkakton helmim kronik (p\u00ebr referenc\u00eb: mjek\u00ebt \u2014 ata jan\u00eb njer\u00ebz shum\u00eb t\u00eb komplikuar p\u00ebr t'u kuptuar, dhe kjo nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb shkrimit t\u00eb tyre \u2014 vitamin\u00ebn A e llogaritin n\u00eb ME \u2014 nj\u00ebsi mjek\u00ebsore; nj\u00eb nj\u00ebsia ME \u00ebsht\u00eb pranuar si 0.3 mcg retinoli).<\/p>\n

Simptomat e helmimit tek njeriu karakterizohen nga: inflamacioni i korneve t\u00eb syrit, humbja e apetitit, nauze, enlargimi i m\u00ebl\u00e7is\u00eb, dhimbje n\u00eb nyje. Helmimi kronik me vitamin\u00eb A v\u00ebrehet me konsumimin e rregullt t\u00eb dozave t\u00eb larta t\u00eb vitamin\u00ebs, sasi t\u00eb m\u00ebdha t\u00eb vajit t\u00eb peshkut. <\/p>\n

Rastet e helmimit akut me pasoj\u00eb fatale jan\u00eb t\u00eb mundshme p\u00ebrmes konsumit t\u00eb m\u00ebl\u00e7is\u00eb s\u00eb k\u00ebrm\u00ebs, ujk\u00ebve t\u00eb bardh\u00eb, kafsh\u00ebve detare, huskive (mos i mundoni qent\u00eb!). Evropian\u00ebt filluan t\u00eb p\u00ebrballen me k\u00ebt\u00eb q\u00eb nga viti 1597, kur an\u00ebtar\u00ebt e ekspedit\u00ebs s\u00eb tret\u00eb t\u00eb Barentz u s\u00ebmur\u00ebn r\u00ebnd\u00eb pas konsumimit t\u00eb m\u00ebl\u00e7is\u00eb s\u00eb ujkut t\u00eb bardh\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Forma akute e helmimit shfaqet me forma t\u00eb tjera si spazma, paraliz\u00eb. N\u00eb form\u00ebn kronike t\u00eb mbidoz\u00ebs, rritet presioni intra-cranial, q\u00eb shoq\u00ebrohet me dhimbje koke, nauze, dhe t\u00eb vjella. Nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht ndodh \u00ebnjtje e njoll\u00ebs s\u00eb verdh\u00eb dhe shqet\u00ebsime t\u00eb tjera vizive. Shfaqen hemorragji, si dhe shenja hepatotoksiciteti dhe nefrotoksiciteti nga doza t\u00eb m\u00ebdha t\u00eb vitamin\u00ebs A. Mund t\u00eb ndodhin fraktura spontane t\u00eb kockave. Sasia e tepruar e vitamin\u00ebs A mund t\u00eb shkaktoj\u00eb defekte kongjenitale dhe prandaj nuk duhet t\u00eb kaloj\u00eb norm\u00ebn e rekomanduar ditore, dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb mir\u00eb q\u00eb p\u00ebr grat\u00eb shtatz\u00ebna ta evitojn\u00eb plot\u00ebsisht at\u00eb.<\/p>\n

P\u00ebr t\u00eb eliminuar helmimin, caktohet mannit, q\u00eb ul presionin intra-cranial dhe eliminojn\u00eb simptomat e meningizmit, glukokortikoidet, t\u00eb cilat p\u00ebrshpejtojn\u00eb metabolizmin e vitamin\u00ebs n\u00eb m\u00ebl\u00e7i dhe stabilizojn\u00eb membranat e lizozomeve n\u00eb m\u00ebl\u00e7i dhe veshka. Vitamina E gjithashtu stabilizon membranat qelizore.<\/p>\n

Pra, %username%, kujto: jo gjith\u00e7ka e dobishme \u00ebsht\u00eb e dobishme n\u00eb sasi t\u00eb m\u00ebdha.<\/p>\n

Vendi i tet\u00eb<\/h3>\n

\nPajisjet<\/b>\"Helmimi
\n
\nPa dyshim, toksike \u00ebsht\u00eb hyrja e nj\u00eb shufre hekuri n\u00eb tru, ndon\u00ebse kjo nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e sakt\u00eb.<\/a><\/noindex>.<\/p>\n

Dhe po t\u00eb jemi serioz, situata me hekurin \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb e ngjashme me at\u00eb t\u00eb vitamin\u00ebs A.<\/p>\n

Disa p\u00ebr t\u00eb shkuar n\u00eb likuidimin e anemis\u00eb nga mungesa e hekurit, i rekomandohet hekuri. Gjyshja ime e paharruar gjithmon\u00eb k\u00ebshillonte t\u00eb hahej moll\u00eb \u2014 ato kan\u00eb shum\u00eb hekur (dhe t\u00eb gjith\u00eb e din\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb anekdot\u00eb t\u00eb njohur).<\/p>\n

M\u00eb par\u00eb hekurin e konsumonin n\u00eb kuptimin e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb \u2014 n\u00eb imazhin m\u00eb sip\u00ebr \u00ebsht\u00eb hekuri karbonil \u2014 at\u00eb e hanin: n\u00eb stomak ka shum\u00eb acid klorhidrik, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb hekuri me grimca t\u00eb vogla aty zgjidhet dhe kjo ishte e mjaftueshme.<\/p>\n

Pastaj filluan t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorin sulfatin e hekurit dhe laktatin e hekurit. Nj\u00eb detaj i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm i hekurit \u00ebsht\u00eb se ai duhet patjet\u00ebr t\u00eb jet\u00eb dyvalent: hekuri tri-valent nuk b\u00ebn asgj\u00eb, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 se rrezikon t\u00eb bjer\u00eb n\u00eb sediment kur pH \u00ebsht\u00eb mbi 4.<\/p>\n

7-35 g hekuri n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb sigurt do t\u00eb t\u00eb \u00e7oj\u00eb, %username%, n\u00eb at\u00eb bot\u00eb. Dhe nuk po flas p\u00ebr nj\u00eb objekt metalik n\u00eb vendin e duhur t\u00eb trupit \u2014 po flas p\u00ebr kriprat e hekurit. Me f\u00ebmij\u00ebt \u2014 \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe m\u00eb nd\u00ebrlikuar (f\u00ebmij\u00ebt \u2014 gjithmon\u00eb e nd\u00ebrlikuar): 3 gram hekuri jan\u00eb fatal p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00ebt n\u00ebn 3 vjet. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, sipas statistik\u00ebs, kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb forma m\u00eb e zakonshme e helmimit t\u00eb rast\u00ebsish\u00ebm te f\u00ebmij\u00ebt.<\/p>\n

Sjellja e tep\u00ebrt e hekurit \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb e ngjashme me helmimin nga metalet e r\u00ebnda (dhe, p\u00ebr t\u00eb qen\u00eb e sinqert\u00eb, trajtohet pothuajse n\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn m\u00ebnyr\u00eb). Hekuri mund t\u00eb akumulohet n\u00eb trup, po ashtu si metalet e r\u00ebnda \u2014 por n\u00eb disa s\u00ebmundje trash\u00ebgimore dhe kronike, apo p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb marrjes s\u00eb tep\u00ebrt nga jasht\u00eb. Njer\u00ebzit me sasi t\u00eb tepruar hekurit vuajn\u00eb nga dob\u00ebsi fizike, humbin pesh\u00eb dhe s\u00ebmuren m\u00eb shpesh. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebr shkak se shpesh \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb m\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb shp\u00ebtohet nga tep\u00ebr hekur se sa t\u00eb rikuperohet nga mungesa e tij.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb helmimin e r\u00ebnd\u00eb nga hekuri, d\u00ebmtimi i mukoz\u00ebs s\u00eb zorr\u00ebve ndodh, zhvillohet insuficienca hepatike, dhe shfaqen t\u00eb vjella dhe t\u00eb p\u00ebrziera. Karakteristik\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb diarreja dhe ajo q\u00eb quhet \"stoli i zi\" \u2014 e kuptove. N\u00ebse l\u00ebshohet \u2014 forma t\u00eb r\u00ebnda t\u00eb d\u00ebmtimit t\u00eb m\u00ebl\u00e7is\u00eb, koma, takimi me t\u00eb af\u00ebrmit q\u00eb kan\u00eb vdekur prej koh\u00ebsh.<\/p>\n

Vendi i shtat\u00eb<\/h3>\n

\nAspirin<\/b>\"Helmimi
\n
\nP\u00ebr nj\u00eb arsye, tani po m\u00eb vjen n\u00eb mendje t\u00eb gjitha filmat amerikan\u00eb, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat personazhet, kur kan\u00eb dhimbje koke, han\u00eb me grusht tableta t\u00eb ndryshme. Zoti!<\/p>\n

Acidi acetilsalicilici ose aspirin, si\u00e7 e quajti Felix Hoffman, i cili sintetizoi k\u00ebt\u00eb produkt shpirt\u00ebror n\u00eb laborator\u00ebt e Bayer AG m\u00eb 10 gusht 1897, ka nj\u00eb LD50 p\u00ebr minjt\u00eb n\u00eb nivelin 200 mg\/kg. Po, kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb, aq shum\u00eb tableta nuk mund t\u00eb marr\u00ebsh, por si \u00e7do ila\u00e7, aspirini ka efekte an\u00ebsore. Dhe ato nuk jan\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebndshme: probleme me sistemin gastrointestinal dhe \u00ebnjtje t\u00eb indit. Megjithat\u00eb, n\u00ebse ndonj\u00ebher\u00eb ha shum\u00eb aspirin, vdekshm\u00ebria n\u00eb rast t\u00eb nj\u00eb mbidoze akute (kur nj\u00eb her\u00eb \u2013 por shum\u00eb) \u00ebsht\u00eb 2%. Mbidoza kronike (kur doza jan\u00eb t\u00eb larta \u2013 dhe p\u00ebr nj\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb) \u00ebsht\u00eb shpesh fatale, me nj\u00eb vdekshm\u00ebri prej 25%, dhe si n\u00eb rastin e hekurit, mbidoza kronike mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht e r\u00ebnd\u00eb p\u00ebr f\u00ebmij\u00ebt.<\/p>\n

Gjat\u00eb helmimit me aspirin, v\u00ebrehet nj\u00eb \u00e7rregullim akute t\u00eb stomakut, konfuzion, psikoz\u00eb, stupor, zhurm\u00eb n\u00eb vesh\u00eb dhe gjum\u00ebll\u00ebk.<\/p>\n

Trajtohet si \u00e7do mbidoz\u00eb: aktivizimi i karbonit, dekstraza intravenoze dhe solucion fiziologjik normal, bikarbonati i natriumit dhe dializa.<\/p>\n

Merita v\u00ebmendje sindromi Reye \u2013 nj\u00eb s\u00ebmundje e rrall\u00eb, por serioze, e cila karakterizohet nga encefalopatia akute dhe depozitimi i yndyrave n\u00eb m\u00ebl\u00e7i. Kjo ndodhi mund t\u00eb shfaqet kur f\u00ebmij\u00ebve apo adoleshent\u00ebve u jepet aspirin p\u00ebr ethe ose s\u00ebmundje t\u00eb tjera, ose infeksione. Nga viti 1981 deri n\u00eb 1997, n\u00eb Qendrat p\u00ebr Kontrollin dhe Parandalimin e S\u00ebmundjeve n\u00eb SHBA jan\u00eb regjistruar 1207 raste t\u00eb sindromit Reye tek individ\u00eb n\u00ebn 18 vje\u00e7. Prej tyre, 93% raportuan se kishin pasur nj\u00eb s\u00ebmundje p\u00ebr tri jav\u00ebt para shfaqjes s\u00eb sindromit Reye, zakonisht me infeksion respirator, vari\u00e7el\u00eb ose diarregji. <\/p>\n

Duket k\u00ebshtu:<\/p>\n